During transduction that is involving a P1 phage : a.) any small fragment of the bacterial chromosome may be transferred to another bacterium by bacteriophage.
What is transduction ?Process by which a virus transfers genetic material from one bacterium to the another is called transduction and viruses called bacteriophages infect bacterial cells and use them as hosts to make more viruses.
Phage P1 mediate generalized transduction between E. coli strains and the other Gram-negative bacteria.
P1 genes that are expressed in the lytic pathway are those that are involved in the timing of phage development, in replication, in formation of phage particles, including headful packaging and then finally in cell lysis to release the phage progeny.
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Bees use a combination of visual and chemical cues within flowers to locate those same flowers that contain nectar. All BUT ONE choice is a cue that aid bees in finding food.
A waggle dancewaggle dance
B floral scentsfloral scents
C nectar guidesnectar guides
D nectaries
The option that will not help the bees to find food will be the floral scents, so the correct option is B.
What is the function of the floral scents?Sometimes the floral scent will help to be olfactory signals for pollinators, but this can also disorient the bees due to the aromas that can be changeable in the flowers, such as when the plant may lack water and stress it, making it defensive, altering its scent.
This can then upset the bees and disorient them as to where they need to go to pollinate.
Therefore, we can confirm that the correct option is B. floral scents.
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coevolution of plants and insects occur by: group of answer choices either beneficial or antagonistic interactions that result in evolutionary change of both species. involving fungal symbionts in the interaction to cause evolutionary change of both plant and animal species. only insects changing in response to plant evolutionary changes. only plants changing in response to insect evolutionary change
Coevolution of plants and insects occur by : a.)either beneficial or antagonistic interactions that result in evolutionary change of both species.
How does coevolution of plants and insects occur?Many animals such as insects have adapted to feeding only on plants with particular defensive chemistry. If the plants have evolved secondary chemistry to avoid insects and insects evolved to handle the plant's chemistry then plant and insect coevolution has occurred
Many cases of coevolution has been found between plants and the insects. The process of reciprocal evolutionary change that occur between pairs of species or among groups of species as they interact with one another is known as Coevolution.
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An occult blood test is a fecal test to determine gastrointestinal ______________ that is not visible.
Though not all tumours or polyps bleed, occult blood in the stool may be an indication of colon cancer or polyps in the colon or rectum.
What is occult gastric blood?A quick screening test called Gastroccult is intended to find hidden blood in gastric aspirate or vomitus. Doctors can diagnose and treat a variety of disorders, including gastrointestinal secretions, hernatemosis, and abnormal stomach acid, with the help of gastric content analysis.
What is the most frequent source of occult blood in stools?Some of the more common causes are small bowel tumours, esophagitis, peptic ulcers, gastritis, inflammatory bowel disease, vascular ectasias, portal hypertensive gastropathy, and colon cancer.
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1. Any chemical digestion changes __ to___
Any chemical digestion changes nutrients to smaller parts
Chemical digestion break down nutrients such as protein, carbohydrates as well fats into even smaller parts and fast break down into fatty acids and monoglycerides and nucleic acid break down into nucleotides and polysaccharides or carbohydrates sugar, break down into monosaccharides and chemical digestion is also called as mechanical digestion in which involve physically breaking down food substances into the smaller particles to more efficiently undergo chemical digestion and the role of chemical digestion is to further degrade the molecular structure of the ingested compound by digestive enzymes into a form that is absorbable into the bloodstream
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Which of these is a polymer?
a single carbon atom
a strand of DNA
DNA is a polymer.
What is Polymer?
Any of group of organic or synthetic compounds known as polymers are made up of macromolecules, or very large molecules, which are just multiples of simpler chemical building blocks known as monomers. Numerous natural and man-made materials, as well as a large portion of the components in living things, are composed of polymers.
The polymer DNA. Nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA monomers, and the polymer is referred to as a "polynucleotide." Each nucleotide is made up of a phosphate group, a base with a nitrogen atom attached to it, and a 5-carbon sugar called deoxyribose.
Hence, DNA is a polymer.
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the lymphatic system does all of the following except a) helps maintain normal blood volume. b) transports gases to and away from lymph nodes. c) eliminates variations in the composition of interstitial fluid. d) transports lipids from the digestive tract. e) fights infection.
The lymphatic system does all of the following except "transports gases to and away from lymph nodes".
Additionally, the lymphatic system controls immune responses including delivering pathogens, foreign antigens, particles, exosomes, and immune cells to local lymph nodes but also lymphoid tissues (3). Immune responses are regulated both actively and passively on a variety of levels.
The body's lymphatic system includes lymph nodes, lymph veins, and other organs that assist fight infection, reduce fluid accumulation in tissues, as well as maintain appropriate blood volume blood volume or blood pressure.
Therefore, the correct answer will be option (b)
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protein shape is crucial to its proper function. students have difficulty grasping this idea and how the specific sequence of amino acids determines the shape and how that, in turn, affects protein function. as an example, sickle cell disease is a lethal disorder caused by just a single amino acid change in the primary structure of the protein hemoglobin. briefly explain how the words tasty and nasty can serve as a good analogy for a teacher trying to explain this concept to students.
The words tasty and nasty serve a good analogy for explaining the concept or protein shape and its essentiality for the function. This is because the word tasty creates image of some delicious food in the mind. However, replacing just one letter 't' from the word with 'n' changes the entire meaning and depiction. This is how the primary structure of proteins functions. Change in a single amino acid can change the complete primary sequence.
Amino acids are the organic molecules that are essential for protein formation in the living organisms. The basic structure of amino acids i s composed of a amino group, a carboxylic group, a hydrogen atom and a variable R group all attached to the alpha carbon atom.
Primary structure of proteins is composed of a linear chain of sequence of amino acids all boned together by peptide bonds. The primary structure sequence is very crucial for the structure and function of the protein.
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if we developed a molecule that blocked the atp synthase protein, what would be the expected immediate effect?
the output of ATP via OXPHOS is compromised and the energy metabolism is rewired to favor greater glycolysis, as a result of blocking the ATP synthase protein.
Test your knowledge on what occurs if ATP synthase is inhibited?The inner mitochondrial membrane has an ATP synthase proton channel. If that channel were blocked, the pH would increase even though the ETC would continue pump protons out of the matrix. Instead, there would be no way for them to enter again.
To stop ATP synthase, what would you aim to stop?Both the synthesis and hydrolysis of ATP by ATP synthase are inhibited by the antibiotics efrapeptins and aurovertins. The particular -subunit catalytic site is where the efrapeptins bind to ATP synthase at a region stretching from the rotor, across the enzyme's central cavity, and into the cavity.
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causes of atherosclerosis include: group of answer choices plaques. stiffening of the arteries. twisted arteries. all of these are correct.
These are all accurate.
Is there a cure for atherosclerosis?Plaque fragments that come loose can result in blood clots that can cause a stroke or a heart attack. Atherosclerosis cannot currently be cured, however it can be slowed down by statin medications and dietary modifications.
When does atherosclerosis typically begin?Cardiologist Matthew Sorrentino, MD, a professor at The University of Chicago Medicine, says that atherosclerosis typically begins in the teen and early 20s, and that most people start to see changes by their 30s. Your heart-related tests, such as cholesterol checks, may still provide normal results in the early stages.
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where does the diver have the highest amount of potential energy?
A. while at the highest point in the air.
B. After jumping into the water.
C. While standing on the edge of the diving board.
D. After resurfacing from the water.
Answer:
A. while at the highest point in the air
Explanation:
because the diver is at a more higher point. that gives the diver potential energy
Two nucleotides on the same strand form a __________ bond while two complimentary bases on opposite strands form ____________ bonds. An a-t base pairing forms _____ such bonds.
Two nucleotides on the same strand form a Phosphodiester bond while two complimentary bases on opposite strands form Hydrogen bonds. An a-t base pairing forms 2 such bonds.
The constituent components that make up DNA's double-helix structure are known as nucleotides. Each nucleotide has a base in it. The four various colors you see here stand for the four different bases that might be used. Between nucleotides, a unique kind of covalent link known as a phosphodiester bond occurs. The two strands of DNA are formed by these phosphodiester linkages.
Hydrogen bonds are the bonds that develop between base pairs. Thymine and adenine make two hydrogen bonds, and guanine and cytosine form three hydrogen bonds. Therefore, we have concluded that hydrogen bonds are the type of binding that develops between base pairs in DNA to hold the two strands of a double helix together.
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During volume changes in the thoracic cavity, what is primarily responsible for changes in length?.
During volume changes in the thoracic cavity, Diaphragm is primarily responsible for changes in length.
The main components of the respiratory system are the two lungs. They are located in the thoracic cavity, which is the area to the left and right of the heart. The rib cage safeguards the cavity. Other components of the respiratory system are supported by a muscular sheet known as the diaphragm.
The diaphragm contracts and pulls downward upon inspiration, or when the lungs inhale. The muscles between the ribcage tighten and pull upward at the same time. As a result, the pressure inside the thoracic cavity lowers and its size grows. Air rushes in as a result, filling the lungs.
Thus, diaphragm is responsible for the increase in length of the thoracic cavity.
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If I feel sick but haven’t thrown up and have ate and still feel sick am I actually sick?
Answer:
If you feel sick, I recommend just lying down on your bed for a few hours, it has always helped me. My mom always had me lie down on my bed like all day it seemed, and just relax and watch television, and even though I didn't want to go to bed, it really helped. I thank my mom for helping me. So, I highly recommend doing that if you feel sick. And, you should see if you have a thermometer to use to see how hot you are. If you are exceeding 99.8 degrees, that means you are most likely ill, and should lie down. But, if below that, you should be fine. But, if you still feel ill, just do what I suggested. It really helps.
Explanation:
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When a pacific sea horse’s body loses water to its environment, which process is responsible?.
A Pacific sea horse’s body loses water to its environment, through the osmosis process. Thus the correct answer is option (D).
While the sea is hypertonic, the cell is hypotonic.
The solute concentration in the hypertonic solution is higher than that of the cell's interior.
Osmosis is the process that happens when two dilutions of different concentrations are separated by a semipermeable membrane, such as the interior of a cell and salt water.
Water can travel across the membrane, but not a solute. Water can thus go from the side that is most diluted (the cell) to the side that is less diluted (the sea).
When the concentrations on both sides are identical, water has a tendency to go from the hypotonic solution to the hypertonic one.
Thus a Pacific sea horse’s body loses water to its environment, through the osmosis process.
The complete question is:
Read the paragraph.
Despite its name, the Pacific sea horse is actually a type of fish. Its horse-shaped head gives it its name. This creature lives in the Pacific waters off the west coast of the Americas, from Peru to Southern California. Like many other ocean fish, sea horses face the constant challenge of losing water to their saltier environment.
When a Pacific sea horse’s body loses water to its environment, which process is responsible?
(A). endocytosis
(B). exocytosis
(C). active transport
(D). osmosis
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How is meiosis similar to mitosis?
Both produce two daughter cells.
Both occur in somatic cells.
Both involve two divisions of a cell.
Both are forms of cell reproduction.
Answer:
both are forms of cell reproduction
Explanation:
meiosis makes 4 unidentical daughter cells
mitosis makes 2 identical daughter cells
not A
somatic only occurs in mitosis, not meiosis
not B
mitosis makes body cells, meiosis makes sperm and egg cells, both a type of cell division but mitosis does it only once, meiosis has two divisions or does it twice.
not C
meiosis is sexual reproduction
mitosis is asexual reproduction
both forms of cell reproduction therefore,
it's D :)
(can go more indepth if needed)
In a paragraph or two describe the different types of consumers, including the type of food each consumer eats and their position in the food chain.
Herbivores and carnivores are different types of consumers that eat plants and meat, respectively. The carnivore animals are located at higher levels in the food chain.
What is the ecology food chain?The food chain is a series of interconnected organisms in a given ecosystem for which energy flows between different trophic levels. In the food chain, herbivore animals are located only up from producers since they consume plants.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the ecology food chain is composed of different levels and herbivores represent the second trophic level because they eat plants (producers).
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in a dietary deficiency of folate, there are decreasing numbers of mature red blood cells to carry the oxygen from the lungs to the tissues. this condition is known as .
This condition is called as megaloblastic anemia.
Deficiency disorder is a ailment caused by a lack of critical dietary factors and specially a vitamin or mineral. A balanced food plan specializes in supplying the body with all the vitamins it requires. It accommodates macronutrients like protein, carbohydrates, and fats at the side of micronutrients like vitamins and minerals.
Diet deficiency anemia is a loss of healthful red blood cells due to decrease than typical quantities of nutrition B-12 and folate. this could appear in case you don't devour sufficient ingredients containing nutrition B-12 and folate, or in case your frame has hassle soaking up or processing these nutrients.
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an intrepid group of lab students is performing an experiment where they are collecting the gas given off from a plant in bright sunlight at a temperature of 27 degrees celsius. what is the gas they are collecting?
The gas that the lab students are collecting is most likely oxygen. When plants are exposed to bright sunlight and warm temperatures, they undergo photosynthesis, which is a process that produces oxygen gas as a byproduct.
During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide from the air and use sunlight to convert it into energy-rich organic compounds like glucose. Oxygen gas is produced as a waste product of this process.
While the exact mechanism of photosynthesis is still not fully understood, we know that it is responsible for the production of oxygen gas in the Earth's atmosphere. Without photosynthesis, our planet would be uninhabitable for most forms of life.
The lab students are probably collecting the oxygen gas given off by the plant in order to study it more closely. By doing so, they can learn more about how plants produce oxygen and how this gas is essential for life on Earth.
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Explain the difference between a law and a theory.
Answer:
Explanation:
Law and theory are two terms that are often used in context of scientific terminology. The main difference between a law and a theory is that a theory tries to explain the reasoning behind something that occurs in nature, whereas scientific laws are just descriptive accounts of how something occurs in nature.
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What occurs inside of a cell while it is performing the process of respiration? (1 Point)
The negative charge inside of the cell is used to increase the concentration chemicals inside of the cell
Sugar is broken down to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules that are used for energy
Light reactive chemicals combine carbon dioxide (Co2) and water to form glucose molecules that are stored as
food[object Object]. Incorrect answer
The cell membrane forms around air bubbles to create a vacuole that is used to separate the oxygen from the
rest of the air
Sugar is broken down to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules that are used for energy occurs inside of a cell while it is performing the process of respiration
In the cellular respiration glucose and oxygen react to form ATP and water and carbon dioxide are released as byproduct and the three stages of aerobic cellular respiration are glycolysis and the Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis take place in the cytosol and the citric acid cycle occur in the mitochondrial matrix and all living organism need energy to carry out daily life process and respiration is considered to be the key process during which several reaction take place and sugar is broken down inside the cell
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during what phase are chromatids stretched back out as chromatin
During Telophase chromatids are stretched back out as chromatin
What is Telophase ?The fifth and final stage of mitosis, known as telophase, is the division of the duplicated genetic material contained in a parent cell's nucleus into two identical daughter cells. Once the duplicated, paired chromosomes have been moved to the cell's poles or opposing sides, or segregated, telophase has begun.
In order to relax once more into a stretched-out chromatin structure, the chromosomes approach the opposing poles and start to decondense (unravel).New nuclear membranes envelop both sets of chromatids during telophase, and the chromosomes decondense into chromatin. Telophase is followed by cytokinesis, which involves the division of the cell's cytoplasm into two.Learn more about Telophase here:
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Which is true of all marine ecosystems?
Answer:
Marine ecosystems are aquatic environments with high levels of dissolved salt, such as those found in or near the ocean.
Explanation:
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Which of the following is not one of the media plates you will be using?
O THR-
O LEU-
O HIS-
OURA-
The one which is not the media plates you will be using is Val-Ser-Thr-Val and Val-Ser-Asp-Met. Thus, option A is correct.
Whom the organisms Val-Ser-Thr-Val" and "Val-Ser-Asp-Met" are associated with?The organisms "Val-Ser-Thr-Val" and "Val-Ser-Asp-Met" are most likely and closely associated and the reason behind this association is that they share similarities in their structures("Val-Ser") and the charges in their series of chains carried by them.
The term Central Dogma has been defined as the term that refers to the two step process through which information flows from the sequence of DNA into a sequence of RNA (the process of transcription) and finally takes the form of proteins (the process of translation).
Therefore, The one which is not the media plates you will be using is Val-Ser-Thr-Val and Val-Ser-Asp-Met. Thus, option A is correct.
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Are Africanized honey bees a direct or indirect threat? Why?
Alien bee genus aid in pollination, but the Africanized honey bee is a danger to human health.
What are Africanized honey bees?The African honey bee is of native to most of the central and southern parts of Africa. Its sting is no more menacing than other bees, but it is unusual. It is much more aggressive as compared to other bees, with a propensity to pursue and send many attackers after any perceived threat. Africanized honey Bees are killer bees that are very dangerous because they attack intruders in much greater as compared than European Honey Bees. In Brazil, they have killed some 1,000 humans with victims receiving ten times as compared to the European bees.
So we can conclude that Honeybees help provides us with most of the food we eat, either straightly by pollinating food crops or indirectly by pollinating food sources consumed by domestic.
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sexual reproduction enhances the rate of evolution, allowing nature to select for novel combinations of alleles. two genes are present on the same chromosome. one homolog carries the dominant a and b alleles, while the other homolog carries the a and b alleles. which specific process of the meiotic cell cycle will result in a recombinant chromosome (for example, a with b)? group of answer choices the pre-meiotic s phase segregation of homologs, during meiosis ii crossing over, during meiosis ii crossing over, during meiosis i segregation of homologs, during meiosis i
Crossing over during meiosis I will result in a recombinant chromosome.
Crossing over, or the joining of two homologous non-sister chromatids, occurs between prophase I and metaphase I and involves the exchange of different genetic components to create two recombinant chromosome sister chromatids. Therefore, third one is the correct choice.
Nearly all eukaryotic creatures, which developed from prokaryotes to become eukaryotes, have sexual reproduction. The last eukaryotic common ancestors developed sexual behaviour during the course of this evolutionary trajectory, re-assorting and recombining chromosomes through meiosis and controlled fusions of haploid gametes.
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Reproduction 1:Question 1
A mutation that occurs in an organism that reproduces sexually
will most likely affect the traits of the offspring if the mutation
A mutation that occurs in an organism that reproduces sexually will most likely affect the traits of the offspring if the mutation alters the DNA in a gamete of a parent.
Any cell's DNA can be altered by other genetic flaws, ultraviolet radiation, environmental exposure to specific chemicals, replication errors, and other genetic insults.
It is possible for an organism's progeny to inherit a mutation if it develops in a germ-line cell (a cell that will develop into gametes, such as egg or sperm) or in a cell that will produce them. Accordingly, the mutation will exist in each and every cell of the growing embryo.
Somatic mutations differ from germ-line mutations in that they take place in cells from different parts of an organism's body.
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which antibody isotype to antigen can inhibit naive b lymphocyte activation of pre existing (already present)?
IgG antibody isotype to antigen can inhibit naive b lymphocyte activation of pre existing (already present).
What is Antibody ?Proteins called antibodies defend you when your body comes into contact with an unwelcome chemical. Antibodies, which are made by your plasma, bind to these foreign substances and drive them out of your body.
Immunoglobulin is another name for an antibody.
Antigens have molecules on their surfaces that are different from those your body naturally produces. Therefore, as soon as an antigen enters your body, your immune system immediately recognises it. Your immune system requests antibody defence in order to combat this antigen invader.
The B cell produces antibodies (specialized white blood cells). A B cell multiplies and clones when it comes into touch with an antigen. These plasma cells, also known as cloned B cells, unleash countless amounts of antibodies into your lymphatic and blood systems.
Your body has antibodies in a number of places, including your skin, lungs, tears, saliva, and even breast milk. In actuality, colostrum contains significant amounts of antibodies. Because of this, breast- or chest-feeding can strengthen your baby's immune system.
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an invasive plant that can live in nutrient poor soil moves into an abandoned field. later this land is cleared of this invasive species and it is discovered that now the soil is nitrogen rich. what is the best conclusion that can be made?
The conclusion that can be made, is that
the invasive species was likely a Nitrogen fixing species.
Nitrogen fixing species do not require Nitrogen from the soil to grow and live. They are capable of taking Nitrogen (in the form of N2) from the atmosphere. The invasive species put back nitrogen that the soil was missing. They didn't need the extra nitrogen and put it back into the ground.Nitrogen-fixing bacteria, microorganisms capable of transforming atmospheric nitrogen into fixed nitrogen. More than 90 percent of all nitrogen fixation is effected by these organisms, which thus play an important role in the nitrogen cycle.
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is movement of carbon from the atmosphere to living things decreased
Answer:
Yes
Explanation:
it is because of the atmosphere goes up the carbon decreases to living things. a living thing cannot go up 50,000 ft and have no carbon movement. in some spots the animals run out of carbon such as sand dunes ( on top ) so the answer is yes
In considering the water quality in and around the U. S. , the EPA analyzes critical chemical and physical states: oxygen, nutrients, pH, salinity, other chemicals and temperature, light, and hydrology including rainfall, flow rates, and sea level. All BUT ONE could be a pressure that results in the changes in chemical and physical states
Wastewater and fertilizer runoff can cause the changes in the EPA analyzes chemical and physical states. So option (c) is the correct answer.
Factors such as temperature, pH, electrochemical potential (redox), and air and water clarity can affect the chemical and physical properties of ecosystems. This is due to activities such as climate change, water pollution and changes in water runoff.
Sewage and fertilizer runoff reduce dissolved oxygen levels in water, affecting biotic communities and circulatory systems, leading to changes in chemical and physical conditions.
An EPA method for the analysis of 16 dissolved and total recoverable elements in a variety of water bodies, sediments, soils and sludges. The EPA method is a widely used performance-based guide for the analysis of 31 trace elements in groundwater, soils, sediments and solid wastes.
Complete question:
In considering the water quality in and around the U. S. , the EPA analyzes critical chemical and physical states: oxygen, nutrients, pH, salinity, other chemicals and temperature, light, and hydrology including rainfall, flow rates, and sea level. All BUT ONE could be a pressure that results in the changes in chemical and physical states
a) changes in sea level
b) water used for cooling purposes
c) wastewater and fertilizer runoff
d)eutrophication of bodies of water
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