1. why does each light beam pass through the flat surface without deviation, but get refracted (i.e. deflected) at the curved surface on the far side?

Explanation:

While the unitarios fought for a centralized government, located in the city of Buenos Aires, the federales sought political decentralization so that the autonomy of the provinces within the nation would be respected.

Answer:

Approximately [tex]0.033\; {\rm m\cdot min^{-1}}[/tex] (meters per minute.)

Explanation:

Let [tex]A[/tex] and [tex]B[/tex] denote the bottom and top width of the trough, respectively. It is given that [tex]A = 30\; {\rm cm} = 0.30\; {\rm m}[/tex] and [tex]B = 80\; {\rm cm} = 0.80\; {\rm m}[/tex]. Let [tex]H[/tex] denote the height of this trough; [tex]H = 50\; {\rm cm} = 0.50\; {\rm m}[/tex].

Let [tex]h[/tex] denote the current depth of the water in this trough.

Let [tex]b[/tex] denote the current width of the surface of the water. As water fills the trough, this width increases from [tex]A = 0.30\; {\rm m}[/tex] (width of bottom of trough) to [tex]B = 0.80\; {\rm m}[/tex] (width of top of trough.)

The relationship between [tex]b[/tex] and [tex]h[/tex] is linear:

[tex]\displaystyle b = \frac{h}{H}\, (B - A) + A[/tex].

Cross-section area of water in this trough:

[tex]\begin{aligned}(\text{area}) &= \frac{1}{2}\, (A + b) \, h \\ &= \frac{1}{2}\, \left(A + \frac{h}{H}\, (B - A) + A\right)\, h \\ &= A\, h + \frac{1}{2\, H} (B - A)\, h^{2}\end{aligned}[/tex].

Let [tex]L[/tex] denote the length of this trough; [tex]L = 10\; {\rm m}[/tex].

Let [tex]v[/tex] denote the volume of water in this trough:

[tex]\begin{aligned}v &= (\text{area})\, L \\ &= \frac{1}{2}\, (A + b) \, h\, L \\ &= \frac{1}{2}\, \left(A + \frac{h}{H}\, (B - A) + A\right)\, h\, L \\ &= A\, L\, h + \frac{L}{2\, H} (B - A)\, h^{2}\end{aligned}[/tex].

Differentiate both sides implicitly with respect to [tex]v[/tex]:

[tex]\displaystyle \frac{d}{dv}[v] = \frac{d}{dv}\left[A\, L\, h + \frac{L}{2\, H}\, (B - A)\, h^{2}\right][/tex].

[tex]\displaystyle \frac{d}{dv}[v] = \frac{d}{dv}[A\, L\, h] + \frac{d}{dv}\left[\frac{L}{2\, H}\, (B - A)\, h^{2}\right][/tex].

[tex]\displaystyle 1 = A\, L\, \frac{dh}{dv} + \frac{L}{2\, H}\, (B - A)\, 2\, h\, \frac{dh}{dv}[/tex].

(Note that [tex]A[/tex], [tex]B[/tex], [tex]L[/tex], and [tex]H[/tex] are constants.)

Rearrange this equation to obtain:

[tex]\displaystyle 1 = A\, L\, \frac{dh}{dv} + \frac{L}{H}\, (B - A)\, h\, \frac{dh}{dv}[/tex].

[tex]\displaystyle 1 = \left(A\, L + \frac{L}{H}\, (B - A)\, h \right)\, \frac{dh}{dv}[/tex].

[tex]\displaystyle \frac{dh}{dv} = \frac{1}{\displaystyle A\, L + \frac{L}{H}\, (B - A)\, h}[/tex].

Let [tex]t[/tex] denote time. It is given that the trough is being filled at a rate of [tex]0.2\; {\rm m^{3}\cdot min^{-1}}[/tex]. In other words:

[tex]\displaystyle \frac{dv}{dt} = 0.2\; {\rm m^{3}\cdot min^{-1}}[/tex].

Apply the chain rule to find the rate at which [tex]h[/tex] is changing with respect to time [tex]t[/tex]:

[tex]\begin{aligned} \frac{dh}{dt} &= \frac{dh}{dv}\cdot \frac{dv}{dt} \\ &= \frac{1}{\displaystyle A\, L + \frac{L}{H}\, (B - A)\, h}\cdot \frac{dv}{dt} \end{aligned}[/tex].

Substitute in [tex]A = 0.30\; {\rm m}[/tex], [tex]L = 10\; {\rm m}[/tex], [tex]H = 0.50\; {\rm m}[/tex], [tex]B = 0.80\; {\rm m}[/tex], [tex]h = 0.30\; {\rm m}[/tex] (converted from [tex]30\; {\rm cm}[/tex]), and that the rate of change in [tex]v[/tex] is [tex]0.2\; {\rm m^{3}\cdot min^{-1}}[/tex]:

[tex]\begin{aligned} \frac{dh}{dt} &= \frac{dh}{dv}\cdot \frac{dv}{dt} \\ &= \frac{1}{\displaystyle A\, L + \frac{L}{H}\, (B - A)\, h}\cdot \frac{dv}{dt} \\ &= \frac{0.2\; {\rm m^{3}\cdot min^{-1}}}{\displaystyle 0.30\; {\rm m} \times 10\; {\rm m} + \frac{10\; {\rm m}}{0.60\; {\rm m}}\, (0.80\; {\rm m} - 0.30\; {\rm m}) \, 0.30\; {\rm m}} \\ &=0.033\; {\rm m\cdot min^{-1}} \end{aligned}[/tex].

In other words, the depth of the water in this trough increases at a rate of approximately [tex]0.033\; {\rm m \cdot min^{-1}}[/tex] (meters per minute.)

9.8m is the wavelength  of the automobile. The distance between identical points (adjacent crests) in adjacent waveform signal cycles carried in space or along a wire is defined as the wavelength.

The distance between identical points (adjacent crests) in adjacent cycles of a waveform signal carried in space or along a wire is defined as the wavelength. This length is typically defined in wireless systems in meters (m), centimeters (cm), or millimeters (mm) (mm).

A spectrum is the range of wavelengths or frequencies for wave phenomena. The term started with the visible light spectrum, but it is now used to refer to the full electromagnetic spectrum, as well as a sound or vibration spectrum.

wavelength=1470/150

                 =9.8m

In a series of waves, the distance between one peak and the next, or between one dip and the next. It is also one of the "yardsticks" used in radiation measurement.

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The farthest position the mouse reaches inside the tunnel is 4 meters into the tunnel.

From the graph,

The positions reached after,

5 s = 4 m

10 s = 2 m

20 s = 2 m

35 s = 3 m

40 s = 0 m

So the farthest position here is 4 m into the tunnel.

The rate of change of positions is displacement. So displacement will be change in initial and final positions divided by change in time.

s = Δx / Δt

Therefore, the farthest position the mouse reaches inside the tunnel is 4 meters into the tunnel.

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Most ground water will move rather slowly when compared to how fast water moves in streams.

The statement is true

Water quantity both affect flow. It is significant because it affects the habitats of living things in the stream as well as the water quality. Small streams are less able to dilute and degrade contaminants than large, fast running rivers, which can receive pollution releases with little impact.

To "flow" is to move in a stream, just like water. As air circulates, the word "flow" also signifies to move. Flow is a noun that refers to motion that resembles a stream. The noun and verb 'flow' can be used in a variety of various contexts. Something flows when it moves like a stream of water.

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Rachel is correct because she said that is body receive equal magnitude of impulse which completely satisfy the law of conservation of linear momentum.

According to law Conservation of Linear Momentum, if there is no external force working on the system, then the linear momentum remains conserved before and after the collision.

We know that,

Momentum is nothing but the product of force and the time taken for the contact period of the colliding bodies.

We assume that during the head on collision of the body, the body is remain in contact for such a short period of time that there is no external force all the impulse created due to the external force is neglected.

So, because the impulse imparted on both the bodies are equal to each other.

We know that impulse is nothing but the change in momentum.

So, from here we conclude that bodies received equal magnitude of impulse.

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Answer:

Determine the total capacitance between points A and B in the figure below. C =104F C = 5uF C=20uF MAE ce Select the best answer: 2.84uF 2.80uF O 2.90pF 2.86F

Explanation:

hoped it help cutie if u need more help js ask meh

The stress that spreads over the soles of the feet by the body is 18000 N/m².

The compressive stress exerted on a body is given by the force applied to the body divided by the area,

So, we can write,

Stress = force/area

In this case, the force will be equal to the weight of the body.

F = Mg

M is the mass of the person,

g is the acceleration due to gravity.

F = 72×10

F = 720N

The area of the soles is given to be 200 cm²

Converting into meter square,

Area = 0.02 m²

As there are two soles,

Area = 0.04

Putting values to find stress,

Stress = 720/0.04

Stress = 18000N/m²

So, the stress on the soles is 18000 N/m².

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The statement that is true about the situation where the sailboat ends up 7 miles to the west is that it describes displacement, which is a vector quantity (option A).

Displacement is the vector quantity which denotes distance with a directional component. This means that displacement is distance with direction.

On the other hand, distance is the amount of space between two points, usually geographical points, usually (but not necessarily) measured along a straight line. It is a scalar quantity, meaning that it has no direction.

This serves as the major difference between both terms: Distance is a scalar quantity that refers to "how much ground an object has covered" during its motion. Displacement is a vector quantity that refers to "how far out of place an object is"; it is the object's overall change in position.

According to this question, a sailboat ends up 7 miles to the west of a pier. This means that the magnitude is 7 while the direction is west of the pier, hence, it depicts displacement.

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If there is a 1.0% minimum energy uncertainty in the photons, the pulse's minimum duration is  1.6313×10⁻¹⁴ seconds.

There are two approaches to determine a photon's energy: E = h f can be used if the photon's frequency is known. This equation is referred to as Planck's equation because Max Planck proposed it. Using the formula E = h c, the photon's energy can be determined if its wavelength is known.

energy of the laser = h × c/λ

where h=Planck's constant-6.626×10⁻³⁴

c-speed of light = 3×10⁻⁸ m/s

λ = wavelength = 615 nm-615×10⁻⁹ m

energy = E = 6.626×10⁻³⁴×3×10⁸/(615×10⁻⁹) = 3.2322×10⁻¹⁹ J

then uncertainty in energy = 0.01×E = 3.2322×10⁻²¹ J

from Heisenberg uncertainty principle:

uncertainty in energy × uncertainty in time > h/(4× π)

==> uncertainty in time >6.626×10⁻³⁴/(4× π×3.2322×10⁻²¹)=1.6313×10⁻¹⁴

so minimum duration of the pulse is 1.6313×10⁻¹⁴ seconds.

To know more about If there is a 1.0% minimum energy uncertainty in the photons, the pulse's minimum duration is  1.6313×10⁻¹⁴ seconds.

There are two approaches to determine a photon's energy: E = h f can be used if the photon's frequency is known. This equation is referred to as Planck's equation because Max Planck proposed it. Using the formula E = h c, the photon's energy can be determined if its wavelength is known.

energy of the laser=h × c/λ

where h=Planck's constant-6.626×10⁻³⁴

c-speed of light = 3×10⁻⁸ m/s

λ = wavelength = 615 nm-615×10⁻⁹ m

energy = E = 6.626×10⁻³⁴×3×10⁸/(615×10⁻⁹) = 3.2322×10⁻¹⁹ J

then uncertainty in energy = 0.01×E = 3.2322×10⁻²¹ J

from Heisenberg uncertainty principle:

uncertainty in energy × uncertainty in time > h/(4× π)

==> uncertainty in time >6.626×10⁻³⁴/(4× π×3.2322×10⁻²¹)=1.6313×10⁻¹⁴

so minimum duration of the pulse is 1.6313×10⁻¹⁴ seconds.

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Produced the model is the resistance of the circuits decreased as a battery voltage increased (option-B).

Ohm's Law describes how current, voltage, and resistance are related to one another. According to this, as long as the temperature doesn't change, the current flowing through a circuit is directly proportional to the applied voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance of the circuit.

The more work a certain quantity of electrons can accomplish at a given voltage. The quantity of electrons that are presently moving through any one point in a circuit at any particular time is known as the current. At the same voltage, a larger current can perform more work. Current times voltage equals power.

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Answer:

b

Explanation:

An elevated feature near the heel or flanks or a position upwind of the fire affords a good sight line and there is advantage of it as long as there is zero possibility that the fire will go there, which is true statement.

Elevated feature helps to protect the space besides there is a fire present. Elevated feature is the safest and nearest place to not get effected by the fire present in the other side of the elevated feature.

This feature is also created in case of emergency situations to immediately reduce the effect of the fire. This could a technique to reduce the effect of the hazards in the disaster management.

While considering the effect of hazards reduction, there are parameters on which these depends, are shape of elevated feature, elevation of the elevated feature and steepness of the elevated feature.

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The mass of the meter stick is 0.15 kg.

The parameter

Calculate the weight of the mass.

w = mg

w = [tex]0.05 \times 10[/tex]

w = 0,5 N

Look at the picture. The weight of the stick is in the middle of its length at 50 cm. The meter stick is balanced in the horizontal position. At point A

Σ τ = 0

(ws × 10) - (w × 30) = 0

ws × 10 = w × 30

ws × 10 = 0.5 × 30

ws × 10 = 15

[tex]w_s = \frac{15}{10}[/tex]

ws = 1.5 N

ms × 10 = 1.5

[tex]m_s = \frac{1.5}{10}[/tex]

ms = 0.15 kg

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The cause of these bands is the interference between the waves reflected from the glass on the upper and lower surfaces of the air wedge.

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The rate is the current changing is = - 1.3 x 10⁻⁴ A/s

Solution:

We take the derivative of Ohm's law with respect to time

V = IR

Using the product rule:

dV/dt = I(dR/dt) + R(dI/dt)

We are given that voltage is decreasing at 0.01 V/s

resistance is increasing at 0.04 ohm/s

resistance itself is 400 ohms,

and current is 0.04 A

Substituting:

-0.01 V/s = (0.04 A)(0.04 ohm/s) + (400 ohms)(dI/dt)

dI/dt = -1.3 x 10⁻⁴ A/s.

The relationship between current, voltage, and resistance. The amount of continuous current flowing through many materials is directly proportional to the potential difference or voltage between them.

Law of Electricity The strength of a direct current is directly proportional to the potential difference and inversely proportional to the resistance of the circuit. Ohm's Law is a formula for calculating the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance in a circuit. Ohm's law describes the relationship between current, voltage, and resistance. This shows that at a constant temperature, the current through the circuit is directly proportional to the applied voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance of the circuit.

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Compared to the orbital speeds of the planets in our solar system, the Milky Way Galaxy's rotation curve is far more flat and steady. While there is less mass as we get farther from the sun in our solar system.

The orbital speed of an astronomical body or object (such as a planet, moon, artificial satellite, spacecraft, or star) in gravitational bound systems is its speed relative to the most massive body's centre of mass, or the barycenter, if one body is significantly more massive than the other bodies in the system put together.

The phrase can be used to describe either the mean orbital speed (i.e., the speed throughout the course of an orbit) or its instantaneous speed at a specific location in the orbit. For objects in closed orbits, the maximum (instantaneous) speed occurs at periapsis (perigee, perihelion, etc.), whereas the smallest speed occurs at apoapsis (apogee, aphelion, etc.). When two-body systems are perfect, things An astronomical body or object (such as a planet, moon, man-made satellite, spacecraft, or star) moves through space at a certain speed called its orbital speed in gravitational bound systems.

When a system closely resembles a two-body system, the object's specific orbital energy, also known as "total energy," and its distance from the central body can be used to calculate the object's instantaneous orbital speed at a specific point in the orbit. Independent of position, the specific orbital energy is constant.

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The cylinder must be released from a greater height for it to complete the circle.

From the concept of work-energy theorem we know that for the sliding object, the beginning work done/ energy of the object is the potential energy due to gravity at a height.

P.E = m.g.h

Here h=height

At the top of the circle, total energy will include both Kinetic energy and potential energy

From conservation of energy, it’s inferred

m.g.h= (½ mv²) + (mg(2R))

Here R=radius of circular motion

Taking m common

m.g.h= m(v²/2 + 2gR)

Cancelling m

We get height for releasing the object as

h= (v²/2g) + (2R)

The similar formulas can be applied for the rolling object as well

but along with rotational energy

m.g.h = (½ mv²) + (½ Iω²) + (mg(2R))

Here I = moment of inertia of the rolling object

And angular velocity is denoted by ω

h = ½ (v²/g) + ½ (Iω²/mg)+ 2R

From the extra term in the above equation i.e. ½ (Iω²/mg) it’s deduced that the release height is more in case of a rolling object.

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Answer:

That's all i know

Anyway welcome

A system's Center of Mass won't change if no external forces are applied to it, which means no forces from sources outside the system.

In a uniform gravity field, the phrases "center of mass" and "center of gravity" are interchangeable to refer to the particular place in an item or system that can be used to describe how the system reacts to outside forces and torques. The idea of the center of mass is to calculate the average mass by dividing it by the distance from a fixed location.

Because no external force actuated on the system or any of its components, C.M. velocity is zero (0) for this problem. Although it is true that the two people exerted pressures on themselves, these forces were internal (i.e., produced by system components themselves) and as a result, the system Center of Mass was unaffected.

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The initial speed of a shopping cart is 36 m/s.

What is acceleration?

Acceleration is the term used to describe how quickly a velocity's speed and direction change over time. It is said to have been accelerated when something changes its direction and moves faster or slower. Motion on a circle accelerates even when the speed is constant because the direction is constantly changing.

What is kinematic equation?

The set of equations known as the kinematic equations describes how an object moves with constant acceleration. Integrals, rates of change, and derivatives must be understood in order to solve kinematic equations.

List the known and unknown values.

u = initial velocity = 20 m/s

v = final velocity = ? m/s

a = acceleration = 4 m/s²

t = time interval = 4 s

s = displacement = ? m

The following kinematic equation should be used to determine the final velocity.

v = u + at

v = 20 m/s + (4 m/s² × 4 s) = 36 m/s

Now calculate the displacement using the following kinematic equation.

s = ut + ½at²

s = (20 m/s × 4 s) + (0.5 × 4 m/s² × (4 s)²)

s = 80 m + 32 m = 112 m

Therefore, the initial speed of a shopping cart is 36 m/s.

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The thickness of each page is 0.06 mm

You can measure the thickness of paper with a vernier caliper. Insert a piece of paper or cardboard between the caliper jaws. Then tighten the jaws and measure the distance between them. A digital caliper can indicate the thickness of a piece of paper.

Given,

number of pages book = 120

Total thickness of book = 8.2 mm

Thickness of front and back cover of the book =  0.5 mm

Thickness of pages = Total thickness - Thickness of front and back cover

Thickness of pages = 8.2 mm - 1 mm

Thickness of pages = 7.2 mm

Thickness of each page = 7.2/120

Thickness of each page = 0.06 mm

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Answer:

280 N

Explanation:

Remember   F = ma

F = 2000  *  .14   = 280 N

The sun is moving toward the constellation Cygnus, as discovered by Herschel when they counted stars in 683 regions around the Milky Way.

One of the significant discoveries made by Galileo in his Sidereus Nuncius in 1610 was that, when viewed through a telescope, some of the Milky Way resolved into a cluster of numerous stars.

The Sun is the darker star towards the image's center. Herschel has indicated its location in the image above. Herschel's research leads to the conclusion that the Sun is situated at or close to the Milky Way's center.

The Milky Way galaxy is the home of the Sun. About 100,000,000,000 stars are thought to be present in the Milky Way alone, according to astronomers.

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The subject tested alone would yield better findings and higher alpha values than the subject evaluated in a lab with several pupils.

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The bird's speed immediately after swallowing is 6.91 m/s

The conservation of momentum states that, within a few problem domains, the quantity of momentum remains regular; momentum is neither created nor destroyed, but best modified through the movement of forces as described by means of Newton's laws of motion.

Calculation:-

Mass of bird m₁ = 280 g = 0.28 kg

velocity v₁ = 6 m/s

mass of insect m₂ = 11g = 0.011 kg

velocity = 30 m/s

applying conservation of momentum considering bird and insect as a close system

m₁v₁ + m₂v₂ =  m₁v₁ + m₂v₂ V

V =  m₁v₁ + m₂v₂ /m₁ + m₂

  = (0.28 × 6 + 0.011 × 30) /  0.28 +0.011

  = (1.68 + 0.33) / 0.291

   = 2.01 / 0.291

   = 6.91 m/s

The regulation of conservation of momentum states that in an isolated machine the full momentum of or more bodies appearing upon each other stays regular except an outside force is applied. therefore, momentum can neither be created nor destroyed.

A 'closed device' is something that isn't laid low with outside forces. that is known as the principle of conservation of momentum. Momentum is conserved in collisions and explosions.

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Using the concepts of atwood machine, we got 4.05m[tex]s^{-2}[/tex]. is the acceleration of system when released from rest.

We know very well that in atwood`s two bodies having different mass are hanged around the pulley.

The accceleration of the atwood is given by :

a=((m2-m1)/(m2+m1))×g, where m2 is the mass of heavier body,m1 is the mass of lighter body and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

So, according to question m2=11.9,m1=4.93 and g=9.8

So, on putting the value in above formula, we got

a=[(11.9-4.93)/(11.9+4.93)]×9.8

=>a=[(6.97)/(16.83)]×9.8

=>a=4.05m[tex]s^{-2}[/tex].

Hence, an  atwood machine in which two masses: one of mass 4.93 kg and the other of mass 11.9 kg. when released from rest, the acceleration of the system is 4.05m[tex]s^{-2}[/tex].

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As the tension of the spring is held constant as well as the frequency of the resulted sinusoidal wave, if the power delivered to the string is quadrupled, the amplitude will increase by factor 2.

If the frequency is held constant, the energy delivered to a wave is directly proportional to the square of its amplitude, or:

E ∝ A²

Where:

E = energy

A = amplitude

Power is energy per unit time, therefore power is also directly proportional to the square of amplitude.

P₂ : P₁ = A₂² : A₁²

From the problem, we know that P₂ = 4P₁

Hence,

4P₁ : P₁ = A₂² : A₁²

A₂² = 4 A₁²

A₂ = 2 A₁

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Adding a third resistor in series with two resistors connected across a constant voltage source without internal resistance will cause the power supplied by the source to decrease.

The reason is that adding the extra resistor will increase the total resistance and decrease the current through all three resistors. The new total resistance is: Rtot = R1 + R2 + R3

And as we see from Ohm's Law, V/I = R, so we can also express this as: V2/I2 + V1/I1 + V3/I3 = V4/I4.

From here, we can see that when we add a third resistor in series with two others, we have more voltage across each individual part of our circuit, but less current flowing through each part of it. That means our total power supplied by the source decreases because there is less current flowing through all three resistors combined.

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