Answer:
A) 30 minutes
Explanation:
First we will calculate number of division times it will be 16 log/2log =4
then we will divide total time by number of division 120÷4=30
What is the primary advantage of using phase comparison in an interference microscope?.
The main primary advantage of using phase comparison in microscopy is that the living cells can be examined in their natural state without previously being killed and stained with dyes or other heavy metals
Explanation:
The technique has the advantage of making it possible to visualize cell organelles and structures that are invisible in bright fields this makes it easier to distinguish the organelles.
It is suitable for living cells when they are being analyzed in the lab unlike other techniques which require the specimen to be dead, it also good for studying and interpreting thin specimens this is because of its high contrast resolution ability which is the ability to distinguish in detail the distance at which two distinct points of a specimen are located
the phase shifts are invisible but they come visible in brightness variations
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a nuclear medicine study used to diagnosis pernicious anemia is: group of answer choices coombs antiglobulin test. packed-cell volume. monospot. schilling test.
Pernicious anemia is diagnosed by a schilling test. It is a test of vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) absorption by complexing with intrinsic factors.
What is a schilling test? How it was performed?
It is a classic test used clinically to distinguish between gastric and ileal causes of vitamin B12 deficiency.
It is performed by administering a small oral dose of radiolabeled vitamin B12 and, simultaneously within one or two hours, a large intramuscular flushing of nonradiolabeled vitamin B12. The unlabeled B12 saturates vitamin B12 carriers, thus radioactive vitamin B12 absorbed by the intestine is excreted in the urine.
If less than 7% of the administered dose is recovered in the urine, vitamin B12 malabsorption is confirmed.
Let us discuss other options:
Coombs test or antiglobulin test is used to detect antibodies that can bind the antigen on the surface of RBC but cannot agglutinate them.A Packed cell volume test (hematocrit) is used to evaluate the percentage of blood that is made up of red blood cells.The Monospot test is a latex agglutination test used to detect specific heterophile antibodies produces by the immune system in response to EBV infection.Hence schilling test is used to detect pernicious anemia caused due to the deficiency of vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin).
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Unlike birds and mammals, fish and reptiles grow their entire lives. What feature of their bone development is different from that of humans?
The feature of bone development of fish and reptiles which is different from that of humans is that structures such as jaw is formed from several bones being joined together while humans have only a single bone forming it.
What is a Bone?This is referred to as the living tissues which make up the skeleton and are important as they protect and provide structural integrity to the cells of the body.
The jaw of fish and reptiles are formed from several bones being joined together while humans have only a single bone forming this type of structure which is one of the differences.
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Identify at least 3 ways the river changed because of wolves
I need this ASAP! (No answer choices...)
Which two particles pass through proteins that are part of the inner
membrane of a mitochondrion?
A. NADH molecules
B. Hydrogen ions
C. Glucose molecules
D. Electrons
The two particles that pass through proteins that are part of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion are electrons and hydrogen ions. The correct options are B and D.
What is mitochondria?Mitochondria are membrane-bound cell organelles that produce the majority of the chemical energy required to power the cell's biochemical reactions.
The outer mitochondrial membrane, in contrast to the inner membrane, is permeable to small molecules. This is due to the presence of porin proteins, which form channels that allow free diffusion of molecules smaller than about 6000 daltons.
Hydrogen ions in the matrix space can only pass through the inner mitochondrial membrane via ATP synthase, a membrane protein. ADP is converted to ATP as protons pass through ATP synthase.
The process of producing ATP in mitochondria via chemiosmosis is known as oxidative phosphorylation.
Thus, B and D are correct options.
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Answer:
the answer is B and D
Explanation:
im taking the quiz as i type this
what is the connection between ATP and the two other energy-carrying molecules in cellular respiration?
Answer:
6
Explanation:
A bird that preys on moths is introduced to the habitat with moths and trees like the ones shown below.
A white moth and a black moth are shown.
What will most likely happen to the population of moths in this habitat?
Answer:They will minimize/the population will go down.
Explanation: The moths are used to not being eaten and a new bird that eats them as their main source of food is introduced, then the population will go down as they will be feasted upon
What is composed of cells that produce hormones and secrete them into the bloodstream?.
Endocrine glands are made up of cells that release hormones into the bloodstream.
Endocrine glands are also known as ductless glands as they release certain chemical substances called as hormones directly into the bloodstream in the body. These hormones in turn, act on certain specific target organs in order to produce a certain effect.
Endocrine glands vary in shape as well as size. The important ones are the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, adrenal or supra-renal glands, pineal gland, etc. Hormones act as chemical messengers in the body. A hormonal imbalance in the body may lead to health-related problems such as obesity, elevated blood pressure or hypertension, etc.
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Explain the difference between DNA replication and protein synthesis. When does each process occur? Why does each process occur? Which process happens more often? Explain your reasoning.
alleles are: question 30 options: different versions of a particular gene. different types of deoxyribonucleic acid (dna). defective chromosomes that are missing a few key genes. chemicals or other environmental agents that are known to cause birth defects.
Answer:
Explanation:
alleles is one of two or more versions of DNA sequence (a single base or a segment of bases) at a given genomic location.
if the code of bases of dna is gaatcg, then the complementary translated rna code on the other side would be .
The complementary translated RNA code on the other side would be CUUAGC.
DNA is changed during transcription into m-RNA. The RNA polymerase enzyme is responsible for it. Adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine are some of the nitrogenous bases that make up the DNA in a certain order. In m-RNA, guanine is paired with cytosine or vice-versa, adenine is paired with uracil, and thymine is paired with adenine on m-RNA transcript. This is because RNA can't have thymine on its strand. The nitrogenous base sequence on the DNA template determines the nitrogenous base sequence on the m-RNA. If the DNA base sequence is GAATCG, the transcript's base sequence will be CUUAGC.
RNA polymerases, which link nucleotides to create an RNA strand using a DNA strand as a template, carry out transcription. mRNA is therefore translated from DNA which binds amino acids by peptide bonds.
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blindness could result from damage to which cortex and lobe of the brain? (a) visual cortex in the frontal lobe. (b) visual cortex in the temporal lobe. (c) sensory cortex in the parietal lobe. (d) visual cortex in the occipital lobe. (e) cerebral cortex in the occipital lobe.
Blindness results from damage to: (d) visual cortex in the occipital lobe.
Visual cortex is the cortical region of the brain that receives, integrates and processes signals from the retina. It therefore helps in image formation. It largely consists of myelinated axons to fasten the process of signal transmission.
Occipital lobe is present at the posterior portion of the forebrain. It is located between the parietal and the temporal lobe. It is the primary vision processing portion of the brain. It is also the smallest in size. The lobe rests upon a thick tissue called tentorium cerebelli. It is also involved in some function other than vision.
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Which of these would most likely happen
if people caught and ate most of the
bass?
A. The insect populations would increase.
B. The bluegill population would decrease.
C. The algae, zooplankton, insect, and
bluegill populations would all be
affected.
D. The bluegill population would increase,
but the other organisms would not be affected.
An estimated 5% of bass taken during the competition perish, and a further 23% perish after being released, for a total mortality of 28%. Thus, option C is correct.
What results in decline in number of bass?22 percent of these fish are re-caught after being released. They will experience a further 28 percent mortality rate if they are discovered in another tournament.
According to research, small mouth populations can suffer from angler harvest, flooding, and drought, with the latter having the most negative effects.
Therefore, There would be more minnows in the water. Small fish consume algae in a straightforward food chain, bigger fish eat the smaller fish, and bears eat the bigger fish.
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Which phrase best describes reproduction?
Responses
allows the offspring's parents to expend less energy during mating and birthing
allows the offspring's parents to expend less energy during mating and birthing
can either be sexual or asexual
can either be sexual or asexual,
allows for the continuation of a species and creates variety in a population
allows for the continuation of a species and creates variety in a population,
produces an exact copy of the parent cell
Answer:
can either be sexual or asexual
2. what are the correct names for the bumps and fissures that make the cerebral cortex appear wrinkled?
Gyri are the correct name for the bumps and fissures that make the cerebral cortex appear wrinkled.
The cerebral cortex, the outer layer of the brain, is extremely unlevel and has a characteristic pattern of folds and grooves called sulci and gyri. The brain's lobes are split in humans by a variety of ridges and grooves. Gyri (bumps) and sulci (groves or fissures) are the terms for them. More cerebral cortex matter can fit inside the skull thanks to the folding of the brain and the accompanying gyri and sulci, which increase the surface area of the brain.
Gyri and sulci are the terms used to describe the folds and grooves in the brain. The folding of the cortex, the area of the brain in charge of higher cognitive functions including memory, language, and awareness results in the development of certain morphological characteristics.
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human enzymes digest proteins in which areas of the body? multiple choice mouth and stomach mouth and small intestine small and large intestines stomach and small intestine
Protein digestion starts at stomach and mainly proteins are digested in the small intestine which has all the enzymes.
Amino acids are used to make dietary proteins. Protein from food can be used by the body for energy, muscular building, or integration into substances containing nitrogen. Protein is first broken down into smaller peptides in the stomach by an enzyme called pepsin, and then it is further broken down in the small intestine by pancreatic and intestinal lining enzymes. These peptides are subsequently converted into dipeptides and tripeptides, which can pass through the lining of the intestine. Any of these processes that are changed or aberrant might lead to disorders of protein digestion.
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upus is an autoimmune disorder. which of the qualities would you expect to be a symptom of lupus? b cells binding to antigens on host cells and targeting their degradation an increase in ciliary action of the esophagus increased blood clotting if the skin is cut increased phagocytosis of bacterial pathogens in the body
Systemic lupus erythematosus, sometimes known as lupus, is an autoimmune disorder that may result in organ damage, fever, skin rashes, and joint pain. Most often, lupus affects females between the ages of 15 and 45.
What signs and symptoms might a lady have of lupus?Fatigue, hair loss, sun sensitivity, painful and swollen joints, an inexplicable fever, skin rashes, and renal issues are typical symptoms. For SLE, there isn't a single test. Typically, your doctor may inquire about your symptoms, family history, and personal health history. Additionally, your doctor will do a few laboratory tests.
What happens if lupus is not treated?It can increase your risk of acquiring life-threatening conditions including a heart attack or stroke if left untreated. Frequently, lupus There are no outward signs of nephritis. This does not imply that the condition is risk-free, though, as the kidneys may still be suffering harm.
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sa11 and pdh223 confer erythromycin resistance on f. johnsoniae, but not on e. coli. how would the outcome of this experiment have been different if psa11 and pdh223 conferred erythromycin resistance on both f. johnsoniae and e. coli? explain
sa11 and pdh223 confer erythromycin resistance on f. johnsoniae, but not on e. coli found to be resistant to high levels of erythromycin
When pDH223 and pSA11 were introduced into F. Erythromycin resistance develops in Johnsoniae bacteria, but not in E. coli. The erythromycin resistance gene enables these altered cells to thrive when cultured on erythromycin-containing agar plates. On the erythromycin-containing nutritional medium in a petri plate, other cells that are not transformed by these two plasmids containing erythromycin resistance genes cannot grow. As a result, we are able to distinguish between transformed and untransformed cells. We will obtain erythromycin-resistant F-containing pure colonies of pDH223 and pSA11. cells from Johnsonia.
Both F. johnsoniae and E. coli may grow on nutritional medium containing erythromycin after receiving these two plasmids, pSA11 and pDH223, through the process ofof transformation. Both cells can grow and form colonies when sample one is placed on a petri dish with nutritional medium.
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Compare the water cycle to other cycle you have learned about cience. How are they the ame? How are they different?
*
The hydrological cycle is a real-world occurrence. Transpiration is the process through which water from the air or the leaves of plants evaporates.
What does the company Cience do?Through multi-channel prospecting, CIENCE aids businesses in expanding. With predictable outcomes, we begin with highly reliable statistics (>200M Contact universe), than offer lead generation & outbound sales processes to establish qualified engagements with our clients' ideal customers.
Is a generation a lead?In order to improve future sales, the process of attracting potential consumers' interest is known as lead generation. A lead is a potential customer who has expressed interest in a firm's products or services yet may not yet be eligible to make a purchase.
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CASE STUDY Explain the relationship among homeostasis, defective mitochondria, and the symptoms caused by LHON.
The relationship among homeostasis, defective mitochondria and the symptoms caused by LHON is the following:
The power center of the cell, the mitochondria are also involved in homeostasis, the maintenance of a stable internal environment even in the face of variations in the external environment.
Mitochondrial diseases can be caused by inherited mutations in mitochondrial DNA or defects in the proteins responsible for regulating mitochondrial division, affecting the body's homeostasis.
Leber's Hereditary Optic Neuropathy (LHON) is the first disease associated with a mutation in the mitochondrial genome, specifically it produces the specific degradation of neurons involved in sending information from the eye to the brain (RGC).
This disease is caused almost entirely by three mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA).
The first symptoms are blurred vision, with unilateral or bilateral onset, which over time affects and / or worsens in both eyes, with loss of visual acuity and color vision.
Vision loss is painless and is caused by degeneration of the optic nerve, specifically of the retinal ganglion cells (RGC).
Therefore, we can conclude that LHON is a disease associated with a mutation in the mitochondrial genome affecting the body's homeostasis.
1. As time passes, the universe becomes
1 more organized
2 less organized
3 simpler
4 smaller
Answer:
more organized
Explanation:
it would be more organized because of new inventions
after 6 rounds of pcr, a single double-stranded dna molecule would have become how many double-stranded copies?
DNA copies increase exponentially over time.
DNA molecules are created in total after "n" PCR cycles, which equals 2 square n..
Thus, 2 square 6= 64 is the total amount of DNA molecules generated after "6" PCR cycles.
What about DNA?The molecule found inside cells that carries the genetic material necessary for an organism to develop and perform.This data is often passed from one generation to the next thanks to DNA molecules.Humans and nearly all other species carry their genetic information in DNA, also mentioned as deoxyribonucleic acid.The DNA of a privateer is often found in almost all of their cells.Nucleotides are chemical building units that structure DNA.A phosphate group, a sugar group, and one of four different nitrogen bases make up these building components.Nucleotides are joined together into chains, with the phosphate and sugar groups switching places, to form strands of DNA.It contains information needed to form proteins, which are other big molecules.These instructions are dispersed throughout 46 lengthy structures called chromosomes that are found inside each of your cells.Numerous smaller pieces of DNA, mentioned as genes, structure these chromosomes.Today, DNA has three separate purposes: genetic, immunological, and structural, all of which differ greatly from one another and depend in different ways on the bases and the sugar phosphate backbone.DNA encodes the knowledge required to supply proteins, which is the main connection between DNA and proteins.DNA, however, isn't a protein.Long strands of nucleotides structure DNA.Learn more about DNA here:
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a researcher is studying the effects of a new drug on the endomembrane system. she notices the golgi apparatus is not receiving any proteins and that it is not able to ship any proteins. what part of the endomembrane system was probably affected by this new drug?
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is that part of the endomembrane system which is probably affected by this new drug
The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is involved in several metabolic activities. It produces steroids, phospholipids like those found in plasma membranes, and lipids. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is overproduced in cells that emit these substances, such as cells in the testes, ovaries, and skin oil glands.
Proteins obtained from the ER are further processed and sorted in the Golgi apparatus, or Golgi complex, where they are eventually transported to lysosomes, the plasma membrane, or secretion. As was already mentioned, the Golgi apparatus also produces sphingomyelin and glycolipids.
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Which of the following statements concerning
platelets is INCORRECT. Platelets:
The statement that is incorrect about platelets is that the life span of platelets is between 30 and 60 days.
The correct option A.
What are platelets?A platelets is described a tiny, disc-shaped piece of cell that is found in the blood and spleen. Platelets are pieces of very large cells in the bone marrow called megakaryocytes. They help form blood clots to slow or stop bleeding and to help wounds heal.
When platelets are low, dangerous internal bleeding can occur when your platelet count falls below 10,000 platelets per microliter. Though rare, severe thrombocytopenia can cause bleeding into the brain, which can be fatal.
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The complete question:
Which of the following statements about platelets is INCORRECT?
A
The life span of platelets is between 30 and 60 days.
B
Platelets are essential for the clotting process.
C
Platelets contain serotonin, ADP, calcium, and PDGF.
D
Platelets are fragments of a larger cell called a megakaryocyte.
E
The formation of platelets is regulated by the hormone thrombopoietin
When cells have a higher concentration of electrolytes outside the cell than inside, water will flow.
When cells have a higher concentration of electrolytes outside the cell than inside, water will flow into the cell until the concentration equalized.
What are electrolytes ?In a solution An electrolyte is a substance when molten, ionizes and conducts electricity, it can be either weak or strong electrolyte.
A weak electrolyte is defined as a solution in which only small fraction of the dissolved solute exists as ions where as in strong electrolyte complete electrolyte dissolves in water.
Weak electrolyte has medium level of conductivity, Strong electrolyte Contains a complete solute, so it has strong conductivity and Non-electrolyte has little or no conductivity.
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test in which anticoagulant is added to a venous blood sample and the distance cells fall in the test tube over time is determined: a.erythrocyte sedimentation rate b.coagulation time c.hematocrit d.wbc differential e.red blood cell morphology
Test in which anticoagulant is added to a venous blood sample and the distance cells fall in the test tube over time is determined hematocrit.
To determine if you have a blood clotting condition, a D-dimer test is utilised. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a blood clot that forms deep within a vein, is one of these illnesses. Though they can occur anywhere on the body, these clots typically affect the lower legs.
What about hematocrit?Anemia is defined as a hematocrit level below the normal range, indicating that the individual has insufficient red blood cells. An elevated hematocrit level, or an excess of red blood cells, can point to polycythemia or erythrocytosis. A hematocrit that is greater than usual can reveal: Dehydration.a condition that causes your body to overproduce red blood cells, like polycythemia vera. Heart or lung disease The results of your hematocrit test are given as a numerical value. This represents the proportion of red blood cells in your blood. If your hematocrit test result is 42, for instance, this suggests that 42% of your blood is made up of red blood cells, with the remaining blood being made up of white blood cells, platelets, and blood plasma. The hematocrit calculates the volume of red blood cells in relation to the volume of all the blood (red blood cells and plasma). Men's normal hematocrit ranges from 40 to 54%, whereas women's ranges from 36 to 48%. The amount of red blood cells in a person's blood is measured by their hematocrit. Anemia is one disorder that is indicated by low red blood cell counts. Although cancer is more frequently associated with low haemoglobin levels, some malignancies can actually increase haemoglobin levels.This includes a rare kind of blood cancer called polycythemia vera, liver cancer.Learn more hematocrit about here:
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which part of the nervous system is responsible for relaying information from the brain to the muscles so they can walk across the room and pick something up?
Somatic nervous system is responsible for relaying information from the brain to the muscles so they can walk across the room and pick something up.
Your body's movements are initiated by and under the control of your somatic nervous system. Nearly all voluntary muscular actions are controlled by the system, which is also in charge of processing sensory data that is received from external inputs like hearing, touch, and sight. This tells us that somatic nervous system would be responsible for the movement involved in walking across the room or other.
The peripheral nervous system, which enables the brain and spinal cord to receive and transmit information to other parts of the body, includes both the somatic and autonomic nervous systems. In order to control voluntary movements and reflex arcs, the somatic nervous system connects the central nervous system to the body's muscles.
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reduced bone and muscle mass and light- producing organs are adaptations most likely to be seen in fish living in the:
Reduced bone mass as well as muscle and light-producing organs are the most likely adaptations seen in fish living in the deep sea.
Deep-sea fish is a collective term for fish that live in the dark below the surface of sunlit waters, that is, below the epipelagic or photic zone in the oceans. By far the lantern fish are the most abundant deep-sea fish. Other marine fish include flashlightfish, cutting sharks, bristlemouth, anglerfish, viperfish, and several species of eelpout.
Organs that emit weak blue, yellow, or green light can be used to communicate. Lanternfish are very important to marine ecosystems, with whales, dolphins, and sharks too.
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I need some help with some questions for a weekly recap quiz! If u don't know the answer please do not answer! Brainly for the best answer! Thanks yall for helping me!
Mutations that can contribute to a change in the characteristics of a species over time include:
a mutation in an egg cell; option Ba mutation in a sperm cell; option DIf a human cell has more or less than the correct number of chromosomes, a likely result is that it can cause mutations in the DNA of the human; option A.
What are mutations?
Mutations are changes that occur in the sequence of nucleotides in a DNA molecule.
Mutations may occur in the coding regions known as genes or non-coding regions of the DNA.
A mutation may or may not result in changes in the gene product that is coded for by the DNA.
The mutation may have deleterious effects or may enhance the chances of survival for a given organism.
Mutations may or may not also be passed on to offspring by parents.
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the tissue layer between the muscularis mucosae and muscularis externa of the digestive tract is the .
The tissue layer between the muscularis mucosae and muscularis externa of the digestive tract is the myenteric plexus.
The innermost tunic of the wall is known as the mucosa, or mucous membrane layer. It lines the lumen of the digestive tract. The mucosa is made up of epithelium, a layer of lamina propria, a loose layer of connective tissue, and the muscularis mucosa, a thin layer of smooth muscle. In some places, the mucosa forms folds that increase its surface area. The mucosa's specific cells secrete hormones, digestive enzymes, and mucus. The mucosa is the route that other glands' ducts take to reach the lumen. The epithelium in the mouth and anus is stratified squamous tissue, which provides the necessary thickness for abrasion protection. For secretion and absorption, the stomach and intestines comprise a thin, simple columnar epithelial layer.
The submucosa, a thick layer of loose connective tissue, is present around the mucosa. This stratum also contains neurons, lymphatic vessels, and blood arteries. This layer might contain glands. An inner circular layer and an outside longitudinal layer make up the two layers of the smooth muscle that moves the digestive tract. The myenteric plexus divides the two muscular layers. Above the diaphragm, the adventitia—a connective tissue—makes up the outermost layer of the digestive tract. Serosa is the term for the area below the diaphragm.
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