A genomic library is a collection of individual genome fragments from one organism.
What types of organisms are examples?Any living thing that has an organized structure, is capable of reacting to inputs, can breed, expand, adapt, & maintain equilibrium is described to as an ecosystem. Therefore, anything animal, vegetation, fungus, parasitoid wasp, bacterium, and archaeon found on Earth would be considered an organism.
Sperm—is it a living thing?Sperm are alive? That mostly depends on how you define "life." Sperm cells share several traits with living things, such as the ability to grow (mature), make energy from sugar metabolism, and move independently.
To know more about Organisms visit:
https://brainly.com/question/13278945
#SPJ4
a synthetic mrna of repeating sequence 5'-cacacacacacacacac... is used for a cell-free protein synthesizing system. if we assume that protein synthesis can begin without the need for an initiator codon, what product or products would you expect to occur after protein synthesis?
Products that would occur after protein synthesis one protein, with an alternating sequence of two different amino acids.
Messenger RNA or mRNA is a type of single stranded RNA involved in protein synthesis. Translation is the process of translating the sequence of a messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule to a sequence of amino acids during protein .
Three stages of translation is divided in to Initiation where the process of translation begins by binding of the Ribosome to mRNA. Next step is Elongation where moving Ribosome from codon to codon on mRNA and producing polypeptide. Last step is Termination is the end process where polypeptide is released from the ribosome .
To learn more about Messenger RNA , here
brainly.com/question/12903143
#SPJ4
which characteristic makes hemoglobin's structure such a good match for its function as an oxygen carrier
The characteristic makes hemoglobin's structure such a good match for its function as an oxygen carrier is that each hemoglobin molecule can bind four oxygen molecules.
What is hemoglobin?The iron-containing oxygen-transporting metalloprotein known as hemoglobin, often known by the abbreviations Hb or Hgb, is found in the red blood cells of almost all vertebrates as well as some invertebrate organs. The oxygen from the respiratory organs is transported to the rest of the body by hemoglobin in the blood.
What is the characteristic of hemoglobin?Hemoglobin is a two-way respiratory carrier that facilitates the movement of carbon dioxide back and forth from the lungs to the tissues. Hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen in arterial circulation is high, but its affinities for carbon dioxide, organic phosphates, hydrogen, and chloride ions are low.
Thus from above conclusion we can say that the characteristic makes hemoglobin's structure such a good match for its function as an oxygen carrier is that each hemoglobin molecule can bind four oxygen molecules.
Learn more about the hemoglobin here:
https://brainly.com/question/12867696
#SPJ4
5) in contrast to inorganic catalysts, enzymes have an intricately shaped binding surface called the . a) substrate b) cofactor c) active site d) apoenzyme e) holoenzyme
In contrast to inorganic catalysts, enzymes have an intricately shaped binding surface called the - active site.
The correct option is c.
Proteins called enzymes aid in accelerating our bodies' chemical processes, or metabolism. Some compounds are created, while others are broken down. Enzymes are a part of all living things. Enzymes are created by our bodies spontaneously.
The vital function of enzymes is to reduce the activation energy of a process, or the amount of energy required for the reaction to start. In order to facilitate the chemical bond-breaking and bond-forming processes, enzymes bind to reactant molecules and keep them in place.
Metals and their oxides supported on porous materials are examples of inorganic catalysts, also known as heterogeneous catalysts, which imitate the exquisite function of enzymes found in nature's catalysts. Through adsorption, the reactants attach to the active sites on the metal surface.
To learn more about enzymes, refer
https://brainly.com/question/17320375
#SPJ4
Organisms such as some cyanobacteria convert gaseous nitrogen into other nitrogen compounds that other organisms can use to produce organic material. They are referred to as
It is referred to as FIXATION OR FIXATION OF NITROGEN. Bacteria like CYANOBACTERIA transform air nitrogen into useful, dissolved forms.
What illnesses do cyanobacteria cause in people?Depending on how you were exposed to cyanobacteria, there are different symptoms. Aside from liver damage, symptoms include contact dermatitis, stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fever, sore throat, headaches, muscle and joint discomfort, and mouth blisters.
What makes cyanobacteria valuable to humans?Current thinking is that cyanobacteria are a significant source of nutrients and biofuels, and they play a key role in original, creative, and energy-efficient designs. Because they have low requirements for organic resources and are autotrophic organisms, cyanobacteria are ideal for use
To know more about cyanobacteria visit:
https://brainly.com/question/2516577
#SPJ4
which stress on a population is a direct result of overcrowding? responses air pressure changes air pressure changes rapid spread of disease rapid spread of disease mutation mutation immigration
Stress on a population that is a direct result of overcrowding is : rapid spread of disease .
What is overcrowding?Overcrowding increases the risk of infection as number of potential transmitters increases. This results in the children and adults living in crowded conditions getting more infections and severe infections.
While population density offers an objective measure of the number of people living per unit area but overcrowding refers to people's psychological response to density.
Overcrowding may be caused due to increased birth rates, lower mortality rates, reduced predation and large scale migration. This leads to the overabundant species and other animals in the ecosystem competing for food, space, and resources.
To know more about overcrowding, refer
https://brainly.com/question/15200337
#SPJ4
A population of plants contains individuals with flowers that are yellow or red.
Over time, the population changes so that most individuals have orange
flowers. Which term describes the process that has occurred in this
population?
OA. Directional selection
B. Stabilizing selection
OC. Genetic drift
D. Disruptive selection
Answer:
Explanation:
Yes, It can be happned
The population change so that most of the individuals have orange flowers is an example of directional selection. Thus, the correct option is A.
What is Directional stabilization?In population genetics, the directional selection is a mode of negative natural selection through which an extreme phenotype is favored over the other phenotypes in a population, that causes the allele frequency of that particular allele to shift over time in the direction of that particular phenotype.
A population which changes over time so that most of the individuals have orange flowers is an example of directional stabilization.
Therefore, the correct option is A.
Learn more about Directional stabilization here:
https://brainly.com/question/9479133
#SPJ2
specific gravity indicates: a) the amount of blood in the urine b) the amount of water in the urine c) the amount of dissolved substances in the urine d) the amount of acid in the urine
Specific gravity indicates the amount of dissolved substances in the urine.
What is urine?As it travels through the nephrons and down the renal tubules of the kidney, urea, along with water and other waste products, creates the urine. both ureters. From the kidneys to the bladder, urine travels through these tiny tubes. The excretory organs remove some additional, frequently poisonous compounds from the circulatory fluids and expel them from the body through urine, which is a liquid or semisolid solution of metabolic wastes. Urine often reflects an organism's needs for water in terms of composition.
What is specific gravity?The difference between an object's density and that of a standard substance is its specific gravity. Depending on its value, the specific gravity might indicate whether an object will float or sink in our reference substance. A laboratory test called urine specific gravity reveals the concentration of all chemical particles in the urine.
Thus from above conclusion we can say that specific gravity indicates the amount of dissolved substances in the urine.
Learn more about the specific gravity here:
https://brainly.com/question/13258933
#SPJ4
Diya wants to test the effect of listening to different types of music on the human heart rate. She takes the resting heart rate of her test subjects then has them listen to one type of music for 5 minutes and takes their heart rate again. Each test subject repeats the test listening to three different types of music.
What is the independent variable in Diya’s experiment?
A. Listening for 5 minutes
B. Effect of listening
C. Different types of music
D.Heart rate
synthetic hormones are beneficial to farmers but harmful to consumers justify the statement
Synthetic hormones are beneficial to farmers but harmful to consumers because they may remain in the food and therefore be harmful to human health, which is known as bioaccumulation.
What are synthetic hormones?Synthetic hormones are specific hormones used in crop production and animal production in order to increase yield or meat production, although it also raises concerns regarding bioaccumulation that may be harmful to human health.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that synthetic hormones may generate concerns in regard to the well-being of individuals and therefore these hormones should be tested before use.
Learn more about synthetic hormones here:
https://brainly.com/question/28707011
#SPJ1
in poodles, black fur is dominant to white fur. a black poodle is crossed with a white poodle. in a litter of four, all of the puppies are black. what is the best conclusion? group of answer choices
The most appropriate conclusion is that the black poodle is most likely homozygous. two identical alleles present at a specific gene location.
What does a homozygous example entail?If you have two identical copies of a gene, you are said to be homozygous for that gene. It is the opposite of such a heterozygous genotype, in which the alleles are distinct. People with recessive features, such as red hair or blue eyes, are always homozygous for the that gene.
What is homozygous? imageThe chromosomes in humans are divided into two groups. Allele pairings are referred to either homozygous or heterozygous. Homozygous people are those who have two copies of the same allele (RR or rr). While heterozygous refers to a particular organism with multiple alleles (Rr).
To know more about homozygous visit:
https://brainly.com/question/8964169
#SPJ4
slight increase in numbers of lymphocytes: a.lymphopoiesis b.lymphocytosis c.lymphedema d.lymphoid e.lymphocytopenia
A slight increase in the number of lymphocytes is called Option B. Lymphocytosis.
A lymphocyte is a form of white blood cell within the immune system of most vertebrates. Lymphocytes include natural killer cells, T cells, and B cells. they're the primary form of cell observed in lymph, which triggered the call "lymphocyte". Lymphocytes make up 18% and 42% of circulating white blood cells.
A form of immune mobile that is made within the bone marrow and is observed within the blood and in lymph tissue. the two main varieties of lymphocytes are B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes. B lymphocytes make antibodies, and T lymphocytes assist kill tumor cells and assist control immune responses.
Learn more about lymphocytes here:-https://brainly.com/question/1995778
#SPJ4
The diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane is called.
Answer:
The diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane is called Osmosis.
which of the following is a trait shared by mammals and reptiles that is not shared by the other groups of chordates
A trait shared by mammals and reptiles that are not shared by the other groups of chordates (C). an amnion
Embryos of both humans and animals are initially entirely enclosed by a membrane called the amnion. The amniotic sac, which provides a safe environment for the developing fetus, fills with amniotic fluid as the amnion develops. The amnion, chorion, yolk sac, and allantois all serve as protective coverings for the embryo. In monotremes, reptiles, and birds, the protective sac is encased in a shell. In placental mammals and marsupials, it is contained in a uterus.
Amnion is only present in mammals, birds, and reptiles. These groups' embryos are located in the thinnest layer. It isn't present in all chordates. A notochord, a dorsal nerve cord, and paired gill pouches are features shared by all chordates.
The complete question is:
Which of the following is a trait shared by mammals and reptiles that is not shared by the other groups of chordates?
A. hair
B. mammary glands
C. an amnion
D. legs
E. lungs
To learn more about amnion please click on the given link: https://brainly.com/question/19158601
#SPJ4
describe at least 2 ways bone functions in protection of the human body
Bones always keep our organs safe from hard impacts, punctures, and other forms of injury.
Define skeleton system?Your body's main support structure is the skeletal system. It is made up of connective tissue like tendons, ligaments, and cartilage as well as bones. The musculoskeletal system is another name for it.
The skeleton serves a variety of purposes. In addition to giving us our human form and traits, it:
Enables movement: Your skeleton supports your weight as you move and stand. Your body's organs and parts are mobile thanks to joints, connective tissue, and muscles.Bones have bone marrow, which makes blood cells. In the bone marrow, red and white blood cells are made.Organs that are shielded and supported by the body: The spine is supported by the backbone, the heart and lungs are shielded by the ribs, and the brain is protected by the skull.Mineral reserves are kept in bones, which are home to calcium and vitamin D.To know more about skeleton system, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/1628011
#SPJ13
protein threads that form the basis of a clot: a.hemoglobin b.fibrinogen c.globulin d.thrombin e.fibrin
Protein threads that make the basis of a clot is termed Fibrin.
So, the correct option is E.
A blood clot is mostly made up of fibrin, an insoluble protein that is generated in reaction to bleeding. It is made of fibrinogen, a soluble protein generated by the liver and present in blood plasma, which is a stiff protein material that is structured in long fibrous chains. Following this, fibrin molecules combine to form lengthy fibrin threads that entangle platelets, accumulating a spongy mass that gradually hardens and contracts to form a blood clot.
The blood clot is made up of a tangled web of filaments that is created when fibrinogen is converted into insoluble fibrin and then cross-linked. Because plasma contains fibrinogen, it can clot on its own.
Learn to know more about Clot on
https://brainly.com/question/1501224
#SPJ4
The diagram shows a process that is occurring in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell.
What would MOST LIKELY happen if the process in the nucleus is interrupted?
a
DNA would not be able to be produced.
b
DNA would not be decoded into an RNA molecule.
c
Amino acids would bind together.
d
Protein synthesis would be increased.
Answer:
I believe B
Explanation:
in the nucleus is where transcription occurs aka DNA converted to RNA codons.
in the telomere, the 3'-end is single-stranded with a 14-16 base overhang. there are two reasons for the 3'-end being longer than the 5'-end. the first is that the g-t strand (3'-end) is extended by the telomerase enzyme. what is the second reason?
The 3'-end is single-stranded with a 14-16 base overhang. there are two reasons for the 3'-end being longer than the 5'-end. the first is that the g-t strand (3'-end) is extended by the telomerase enzyme. the second reason is the C-A strand (5'-end) is enzymatically degraded.
A telomere is the region of repetitive DNA sequences at the end of a chromosome.
They protect the chromosome ends from DNA degradation, recombination, and DNA end fusions
The overhang in telomere is due to incomplete end replication.
They gets shorten during replication to avoid gene deletions.
the daughter chromosomes lose the 3′ overhang which was present in the parent and therefore, in the absence of telomerase this will accordingly result in the telomere shortening
if telomere are long, the cellular machinery result in a bit of telomere becoming looped off each time cells replicate DNA and divide,
as telomere shorten, chromosome themselves become vulnerable to damage and cell dies
therefore, shortening of telomere is necessary.
To know more about telomeres,
https://brainly.com/question/5896537
#SPJ4
where are t and b lymphocytes located in lymph nodes, and how is their anatomic separation maintained?
Lymphocytes are divided into two main types, namely B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes. B lymphocytes make antibodies, and T lymphocytes help kill tumor cells and help control the immune response.
Both originate from stem cells in the bone marrow and initially have a similar appearance.
LymphocytesLymphocytes are a type of immune cell made in the bone marrow and found in blood and lymph tissue. B cells are so named because they develop in the Bursa of Fabricus (in birds) or in the bone marrow (in humans). While T cells are so named because they develop in the thymus.
Some lymphocytes migrate to the thymus, where they mature into T cells and others remain in the bone marrow, where they eventually develop into B cells.
Learn more about lymphocytes here: https://brainly.com/question/1995778#SPJ4
A male rabbit that is heterozygous for both traits and a female rabbit heterozygous for both traits. What is the proportion of their offspring that is white haired and black eyed?
Answer:
(In Description)
Explanation:
As the male is long-haired with a black coat means genotype Bbss and the female is having short hair and black coat means genotype BbSs. The offspring genotype can be BBSs, BBSs, BbSs, and bbss.
What is a genotype?
In a broad sense, the term "genotype" refers to an organism's genetic makeup; in other words, it describes an organism's entire set of genes. In a narrower sense, the term can refer to the alleles, or variant forms of a gene, that an organism carries.
Black hair in rabbits is determined by a dominant allele, B, and brown hair by a recessive allele, b. Short hair is caused by a dominant allele, S, whereas long hair is caused by a recessive allele, s.
The Punnett square for the given scenario can be shown in the image attached below:
Thus, these can be the genotype of the offspring.
For more details regarding genotype, visit:
brainly.com/question/12116830
#SPJ1
you are interested in studying populations of moths in your backyard. you find some bombykol in the garage, and you spread it on some paper and hang the piece of paper on the tree. what would you expect to occur?
The expected scenario would be that only male silk moths would be attracted to the paper.
The female silkworm moth releases the pheromone bombykol to draw males to her. Additionally, the wild silk moth, Bombyx mandarina, uses it as its sex pheromone. When this pheromone is spread on to the paper, only male silk moths would get attracted to it to find their mates.
On an acre of land, tiny amounts of this pheromone can be used to fool male insects about where their female partners are. Thus, it can be used as a lure in traps to effectively remove insects without heavily spraying pesticides on the crops.
To know more about pesticides, refer to the following link:
https://brainly.com/question/25788752
#SPJ4
what makes animals like dogs and foxes domesticated or tame? is it genetics or environment that helps us time (domesticated) wild animals?
Domesticated animals are animals that have been selectively bred and genetically adapted over generations to live apace with humans. They are genetically dissimilar from their wild ancestors or cousins.
Animal domestication falls into three main categories:
domestication for companionship (dogs and cats), animals reared for food (sheep, cows, pigs, turkeys, etc.), and working or draft animals (horses, donkeys, camels). Animals that make good contenders for domestication generally share many traits.
Domestication happens through selective breeding. Individuals that show beneficial traits are selected to be bred and these prudent traits are then passed along to future generations. Wolves were the first animal to be domesticated, sometime between 33,000 and 11,000 years ago.
Learn more about domestication here:
https://brainly.com/question/23340813
#SPJ4
Which of the following represents biodiversity of species at a given scale?
1. All of these.
2. 5 foot strip of ground
3. Within 5 miles
4. Within 5 minutes
The correct answer from above which biodiversity of species at a given scale is:
All of these.
The correct answer choice is 1.
What is meant by biodiversity of species at a given scale?Biodiversity can simply be defined as different forms of species of living organisms.
From the task given above, 5 foot strips of ground, within 5 miles and within 5 minutes all represent biodiversity of species at a given scale.
Biodiversity is not only limited to species but cut across aspects of genetics and ecosystems.
In conclusion, we now know that 5 foot strip of ground is one of the major scale of biodiversity.
Read more on biodiversity:
https://brainly.com/question/2189549
#SPJ1
What is composed of cells that produce hormones and secrete them into the bloodstream?.
Endocrine gland composed of cells that produce hormones and secrete them into the bloodstream
Hormones are your body chemical messengers and they travel in your bloodstream to tissue or organ and endocrine gland which are the special groups of cell and make hormones and the major endocrine gland are the pituitary and thymus, thyroid and adrenal and in addition men produce hormones in their testes and women produce them in their ovaries and the endocrine gland system include cell, tissue and organ that are collectively called endocrine gland that's why endocrine gland release hormones into the bloodstream this let the hormones travel to cell in other part of the body
Know more about bloodstream
https://brainly.com/question/19498444
#SPJ1
the aortic semilunar valve question 7 options: is the location of the pacemaker cells of a normal heart. prevents blood flow from the right ventricle to the right atrium. prevents blood flow from the left ventricle to the left atrium. prevents blood flow from the pulmonary artery to the right ventricle. prevents blood flow from the aorta to the left ventricle.
The pulmonary artery and right ventricle, as well as the aorta and left ventricle, are connected by semilunar valves. These valves permit blood to flow forward into the arteries but stop blood from flowing backward into the ventricles.
The aortic valve aids in maintaining proper blood flow through the heart. Blood flow to the body and the rest of the heart might be impacted by an unhealthy or damaged aortic valve.
Tricuspid valve refers to the valve on the right side of the heart that separates the upper (right atrium) and lower chambers (right ventricle).
The largest blood vessel in your body is the aorta. It transfers your heart's oxygenated blood to the rest of your body.
To know more about pulmonary artery
https://brainly.com/question/11875549
#SPJ4
Answer to this question
⬇️⬇️⬇️⬇️⬇️⬇️⬇️⬇️⬇️
The correct pathway of water through plants is from the soil to the root hairs, to the root cortex cells, to the xylem, to the leaf mesophyll cells, to the air spaces in leaf and finally to the stomata.
In these parts water moves in the form of;
Root hairs - liquid stateRoot cortex cells - liquid stateXylem - liquid stateLeaf mesophyll cells - liquid stateAir spaces in leaf - gaseous stateStomata - gaseous state.How does water travel trough plants?The process of water carrying nutrient to all parts of the plant is called transpiration and involves the movement of water from the soil to the root hairs in liquid state, to the root cortex still in liquid form to the xylem, liquid to the leaf mesophyll and then evaporates to the air spaces in gaseous form to the stomata.
Learn more on transpiration here: https://brainly.com/question/2951421
#SPJ1
if rna polymerase can transcribe the dystrophin gene at an average rate of 43 nucleotides a second, how long does it take to transcribe the entire gene? use two decimal places for the answer.
If RNA polymerase can transcribe the dystrophin gene at an average rate of 43 nucleotides a second, the time taken to transcribe the entire gene will be 32.29 hours approximately.
In the question, it is given that the dystrophin gene is of the size 2.5 mega-base.
Now, 1 mega-base = 10⁶ base pairs.
Also, 1 base-pair = 2 nucleotides.
Therefore, the total nucleotides in the dystrophin gene will be
= 2.5 × 10⁶ × 2
= 5 × 10⁶ nucleotides.
Since 43 nucleotides take 1 second to be transcribed.
1 nucleotide will take 1/43 seconds.
Hence, 5 × 10⁶ nucleotides will take = (5 × 10⁶) / 43 seconds.
Converting, it into hours = (5 × 10⁶) / (43 × 3600) hours.
Thus, the total time taken is 32.29 hours.
The given question is incomplete, the complete question is:
The size of dystrophin gene is 2.5 mega-bases. If RNA polymerase can transcribe the dystrophin gene at an average rate of 43 nucleotides a second, how long does it take to transcribe the entire gene? Use two decimal places for the answer.
To know more about dystrophin, here
brainly.com/question/13440827
#SPJ4
During which days of the cycle does the level of progesterone in the blood increase most rapidly? What happens to the uterus during this time?
Cycle does the level of progesterone in the blood increase most rapidly is luteal or secretary phase
Progesterone is in the class of medication called as progestine and it is the female hormones and it work as part of hormones replacement therapy by decreasing the amount of estrogen in the uterus and this phase always occur from day 14 to day 28 of the cycle and progesterone stimulated by LH is the dominant hormone during this phase to prepare the corpus luteum and the endometrium foe possible fertilized ovum implantation and progesterone level rises after ovulation and peak five to nine days your luteal phase
Know more about cycle
https://brainly.com/question/13021679
#SPJ1
uv light, like that given off in tanning beds and from welders, causes damage to dna. this is why activities like using tanning beds and welding without protective gear are known to cause aggressive forms of deadly skin cancer. what kind of repair mechanism does your body use to try and fix the errors imposed by activities like tanning and unprotected welding?
Indirect DNA damage is caused by UVA (and UVB) radiation when photons are absorbed by chromophores that are not DNA. As a result, reactive oxygen species are produced, including singlet oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, which damage DNA bases and result in mutations.
DNA damages caused by UV radiation fall into two categories: 6-4 photoproducts and cyclobutene pyrimidine dimers . Both of these lesions cause bends or kinks in the DNA's structure, which prevents transcription and replication.DNA is frequently damaged by UV-A radiation in an oxygen-dependent process called photosensitization. As a result, a free radical is created, which interacts with DNA bases and causes them to oxidize. When these oxidized bases couple incorrectly during replication, mutations occur.To know about UVA (and UVB) radiation
https://brainly.com/question/22131553
#SPJ4
which structure delivers venous blood from the tissues and organs of the abdominal and pelvic cavities, and from the lower limbs?
The inferior vena cava transports venous blood from the lower limbs, the abdominal cavity, and the pelvic cavity.
The inferior vena cava wins ancestry from the laps, extremities, and means in the stomach. The vena cava is the best vein in the frame. The inferior vena cava (also known as IVC or the posterior vena cava) is a big tone that gives ancestry from the shape and lowers material to the kindliness of the essence.
Venous blood is deoxygenated ancestry that flows from insignificant blood vessel ancestry ships inside the tissues into following best veins to the kindliness of the essence. Venous blood is an example of choice for most routine laboratory tests. Venous blood gives a clear example of all the cells, biomarkers, and proteins flowing in your ancestry, making it win standard for the most routine experiments.
To know more about inferior vena cava refer to: https://brainly.com/question/13962142
#SPJ4
Select more than 1 answer
Plasma is responsible for all of the following EXCEPT
A. carries nutrients like glucose and oxygen
B. carries hormones
C. carries antibodies and antitoxins
D. allows the blood to flow because it is mostly water
E. allows the body to maintain body temperature
F. carries waste products like carbon dioxide
Answer:D (i think)
Explanation: its a trick question i think because the plasma does do all of these things but what allows the blood to flow is the heart valves. Plasma doesnt ensure blood flow, the valves do.