A malignant tumor of bone marrow cells associated with high levels of one of the immunoglobulins, usually IgG, is called multiple myeloma.
What is multiple myeloma?A malignancy known as multiple myeloma develops in a type of white blood cell known as a plasma cell. Healthy plasma cells produce antibodies that bind to and destroy bacteria, assisting your body in fighting illnesses. Cancerous plasma cells build up in the bone marrow and crowd out healthy blood cells in multiple myeloma.Multiple myeloma's precise cause is unknown. The process that leads to symptoms is started by the aberrant growth of plasma cells in the bone marrow.The spongy tissue in the center of some bones called bone marrow is where the body makes its blood cells. Many myeloma is the name given to the cancer because it frequently affects multiple bodily parts, including the spine, skull, pelvis, and ribs.
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The more a sample can be diluted and yet still react with antigen, the __________ the concentration of antibodies in that sample and the __________ is its titer.
The more a sample can be diluted and yet still react with antigen, the higher the concentration of antibodies in that sample and the higher is its titer.
What is antibodies?Antibodies, also called immunoglobulins (Ig), are proteins responsible for warning the body when there is a disease-causing agent (such as bacteria, viruses, among others) in the body. They act to eliminate it, and in the process, other cells will be activated to help with this task.
What is tiltration?Titration is a laboratory procedure used to determine the concentration in amount of matter (titer) of a solution that contains an acid or a base. During the titration, there is always a mixture of solutions containing different solutes with chemical reaction occurring.
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A solution needs to be adjusted at ph 8.0. when you measure the ph of the initial solution the ph meter reads 9.5. what chemical will you add to bring the ph to 8.0?
If the pH is higher than desired, adjust it using a hydrochloric acid solution.
Thus, if you need the solution to read the pH as 8.0 which is lower than 9.5, add HCl solution to it.
pH stands for potential of H+ ions, i.e the amount of Hydrogen ions in a solution.
pH is measured on a scale of 0-14, 7 is the neutral point. pH range below 7 is acidic and higher than 7 is basic.
pH is calculated from the formula-
pH= -log10[H+]
We can also measure the Ph levels by a pH meter. It is used for accuracy, reproducibility and continuous measurement. The values are measured in mV and then converted to pH values.
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Determine if the statement is true or false, and why. "If a point mutation occurs in a proto-oncogene it can form an oncogene. This can
stimulate excessive cell division, leading to the formation of a tumor."
A. False, it should read ""If a point mutation occurs in an Oncogene it can form a Proto-oncogene. This can inhibit cell division, leading to the formation of a
tumor."
B. False, it should read ""If a point mutation occurs in an Oncogene it can form a Proto-oncogene. This can stimulate excessive cell division, leading to the
formation of a tumor."
C. True
D. False, it should read ""If a point reutation occurs in a Proto-oncogene it can form an Oncogene. This can inhibit cell division, leading to the formation of a
tumor."
Answer:
D. False it should read "if a point reputation occurs in a proto-oncogene it can form an oncogenetgis can inhibit cell division leading to the formation of a tumor
PLS HELPPP WILL MARK BRAINLIEST IM DESPARETE
The patella is a(n) _____________bone found in the ___________________. (2 points)
long; appendicular skeleton
irregular; appendicular skeleton
flat; axial skeleton
short; axial skeleton
Answer:
(b) irregular, appendicular
Explanation:
You want to know the shape and location of the patella in the human skeleton.
PatellaThe patella is also known as the kneecap. It is a smallish irregularly-shaped bone that is part of the leg.
Appendicular skeletonThe appendicular skeleton includes the limbs, the shoulder girdle, and pelvis. As the patella is part of each lower limb, it is included in the appendicular skeleton.
The patella is an irregular bone found in the appendicular skeleton.
Action potential propagation begins (is first generated at) what region of a neuron?
The beginning of an action potential triggers close to the presynaptic cell's soma and the impulse's axonal propagation to presynaptic terminals.
Action potentials' fidelity, timing, and waveform during their transmission and arrival at the presynaptic terminal influence critical aspects of the synchronisation and effectiveness of synaptic communication at glutamate synapses in glutamate transmission.
Voltage-gated sodium conductances are crucial for initiating and spreading action potentials in neurons. Within milliseconds, voltage-gated sodium channels are activated and deactivated. Sodium channels open as the cell membrane becomes depolarized, causing an influx of sodium ions to depolarize the membrane further.
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Presence of the phenotype of an autosomal recessive disorder in one generation and then absence of the phenotype in the next generation likely means?
Presence of the phenotype of an autosomal recessive disorder in one generation and then absence of the phenotype in the next generation likely means the alleles are present in heterozygous condition carrying disorder.
A trait, illness, or disease can be passed down through families in a number of different ways, one of which is autosomal recessive. Two allele of a defective gene are required for an autosomal recessive disorder to manifest as a disease or trait. The type of chromosome that is impacted determines whether a person inherits a certain disease, condition, or trait. Sex chromosomes and autosomal chromosomes are the two types.
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Net filtration pressure refers to the difference between net hydrostatic pressure and net colloid osmotic pressure across a membrane.
It is true that net filtration pressure refers to the difference between net hydrostatic pressure and net colloid osmotic pressure across a membrane.
Net filtration pressure is the outcome of comparing two opposing forces that drive fluid movement across a membrane.
It's calculated by subtracting the net colloid osmotic pressure (caused by proteins and molecules in the fluid) from the net hydrostatic pressure (exerted by the fluid itself) in a given system.
This pressure difference influences the movement of fluids, like blood plasma, in various physiological processes, including filtration and capillary exchange.
Net filtration pressure plays a critical role in maintaining fluid balance and regulating nutrient exchange between blood vessels and surrounding tissues, contributing to overall bodily function and homeostasis.
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Into which group would you place a photosynthetic cell that lacks a nucleus? group of answer choices protista bacteria fungi plantae animalia
Photosynthetic cell that lacks a nucleus is to be placed in bacteria.
A bacterial cell is a simple, one-celled (unicellular) organism devoid of a nucleus or any other membrane-bound organelle.
Unlike Archaea and eukaryotes, bacteria have a polysaccharide capsule and a peptidoglycan cell wall formed of sugars and amino acids. The cell wall serves as an additional layer of defence, aids in maintaining the cell's form, and stops dehydration. In addition, the photosynthetic cell can adhere to surfaces in its environment thanks to the capsule. Fimbriae, pili, or flagella are present in several prokaryotes. While most pili are employed to exchange genetic material during conjugation, a sort of reproduction, flagella are used for motility.
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why do areas with low altitude have warmer air than higher altitudes
Answer:
when altitude increase the temprature become low,so that most of higher mountains usually covered by ice
Answer:
the more you go upwards the more temperature will decrease because the amount of oxygen will decrease and about eh low altitude have warm air because the air inside is hot due to the layer of earth with is extremely hot
What type of energy comes from the motion of tiny particles?
chemical energy
light energy
thermal energy
radiant energy
The type of energy that comes from the movement of small particles is thermal energy, as the movement of particles produces thermal energy as a result.
What is it called or particle motion?
Concept Brownian is the random motion of particles in a fluid (liquid) as a consequence of all changes such as the gas or movement of those present in the fluid.
With this information, we can conclude that On the motion of small suspended particles within liquids at rest, as required by the kinetic molecular theory of heat
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Answer:
thermal energy
Explanation:
A(n) ___________________ is a substance with specific chemical and physical properties.
Neutron
Proton
Electron
Element
Answer: Elements
Explanation: Elements are unique forms of matter with specific chemical and physical properties that cannot be broken down into smaller substances by ordinary chemical reactions.
What is pulmonary respiration? I need this answer ASAP pls
Answer:
The breath through the lungs is called pulmonary respiration.
Explanation:
The mechanism of lung breathing: Includes breathing movement, exchange of gases, lungs, transport of gases through the blood and exchange of gas by tissue. Breathing Movement.
The movement of water into and out of plant cells described by ____________ which is the ability of water to ____________ .
The movement of water into and out of plant cells is described by water potential which is the ability of water to do work.
What is water potential?It is the capacity of water to move from one place to another. Work is done when a substance moves from one place to another. Simply put, water potential is the capacity of water to do work.
Water moves into and out of a cell depending on the water potential of the cell and that of the ambient solution. naturally, water will always move from the region of high to the region of low water potential in cells.
Thus, if the water potential of cells is higher, water will move out of cells to the surrounding. If the water potential of cells is lower, water will enter cells from the surrounding.
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Answer the question as a CER (Claim, Evidence, Reason.)
Question: Which animal or plant should be protected from hunting or gathering in order to keep the healthiest ecosystem?
https://www.learner.org/wp-content/interactive/envsci/ecology/ecology.html
Key stone species should be protected from hunting or gathering in order to keep the healthiest ecosystem. One illustration of a keystone species in North America is the American Beaver (Castor canadensis).
Claim: Some species are essential to the survival of the other species in the ecosystem in every environment.
Reason: A large predator or a little plant could be the keystone species, but without them the ecosystem might not exist. If a keystone species vanished, some ecosystems might not be able to adjust to environmental changes.
Evidence: Often, it takes the extinction of a keystone species for the importance of that species in an ecosystem to be fully understood. Robert Paine, an ecologist who popularised the phrase "keystone species" in the 1960s, discovered the significance of such species while researching starfish along Washington state's rugged Pacific coast.
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The sequence of steps that starts with the sensory receptors in the eye changing light information from the world into electrical signals sent by neurons is an example of _______________
The sequence of steps that starts with the sensory receptors in the eye changing light information from the world into electrical signals sent by neurons is an example of Visual phototransduction.
How does eye perceives light?Eyes are the organs of sight. They provide organism with vision.Light enters the eye through cornea. When light hits the retina (a light-sensitive layer), special cells called photoreceptors turn the light into electrical signals. These electrical signals travel from the retina through the optic nerve to the brain. Then the brain turns the signals into the images you see.Three basic steps by which sensory systems work are Sensation, Transduction and Perception.Sensation is the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environmentTransduction is conversion of one form of energy into another. The transforming of stimulus, such as sights, sounds, and smells, into neural impulses our brain can interpret.Perception is the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events.Learn more about eye here:
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A male stickleback fish attacks other male stickleback fish to protect his property. However, he also attacks models of fish that have a similar red-colored belly. This is an example o
It is an example of Fixed Action Patterns.
What are fixed action patterns?
A fixed action pattern (FAP) is a predetermined set of behaviors that happen in a predetermined order in response to a sign stimulus, which is an external stimulus. The behavior is "fixed" because it is essentially unchanging and behaves consistently among members of a species.
FAPs are inherent, which means that the animal is born with the capacity to engage in the behavior and does not require learning. FAPs are also typically finished after being triggered. The ability to instinctively identify and attack prey or, as in the case of sticklebacks, the ability to produce more young that can survive to adulthood are just two examples of how these behaviors may be crucial to improving an animal's fitness.
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Metformin and longevity (METAL): a window of opportunity study investigating the biological effects of metformin in localised prostate cancer
Metformin and longevity (METAL): a window of opportunity study investigating the biological effects of metformin in localized prostate cancer is totally based on the working of metformin .
What is Metformin? A biguanide oral hypoglycaemic drug called metformin is frequently prescribed to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metformin has been linked to a decreased risk of cancer incidence of a number of solid tumors, including prostate cancer, in addition to its anti-diabetic impact (PCa).The biochemical mechanisms behind these observations in PCa have not yet been thoroughly characterized. The formation and progression of PCa are thought to be influenced by high insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels, hence one theory is that the indirect insulin reducing impact may have an anti-neoplastic effect.To learn more about Metformin with the given link
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A human somatic cell is in g1 of the cell cycle. How many physical copies of the ldlr gene does this cell have?
A human somatic cell is in g1 of the cell cycle. The cell will have two copies of the ldlr gene.
Humans are diploid, which means that each chromosome has two copies.Since a diploid organism is produced by the union of two gametes, each of which contains one set of chromosomes (N), diploid cells (all the cells in our body aside from our gametes) have 2N. It helps to think of chromosomes as bundles of genetic data when discussing chromosome number (ploidy). Because each sister chromatid has genetic material (alleles) inherited from just one parent, they make up one chromosome.A diploid organism has two copies of each gene during G1 of interphase. The cell is only developing and functioning normally in the body during the G1 phase.learn more about G1 phase here: https://brainly.com/question/11779221
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On the basis of clinical trials, the probability of efficacy of a new drug is:_______
On the basis of clinical trials, the probability of efficacy of new drug is 0.81. According to efficacy trial data which select patients for treatment under advantageous conditions for short time period.
Drug is a chemical substance that causes a change in an organism's when it consumed and it can benefited ( uses as a medicine) or it can be harmful. For this reason drug is tested on the bases of trial.
The main purpose of clinical drug testing to check for drug use and misuses, so that it promotes safety,etc.It used to treat cure, prevent or diagnosis a disease.
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Discussion of the observations of an experiment of epidermal cell of onion bulb
Which of the following has a primary role in attacking cancer cells and protecting against some pathogens by killing harmful cells on contact
The ______ system assists the digestive system with the absorption of dietary fats.
The small intestine assists the digestive system with the absorption of dietary.
What is the digestive system?The digestive system simply refers to the system of the body that breaks nutrients into parts small enough for your body to absorb and use for energy, growth, and cell repair. In order words, digestive system helps in the digestion of food substances.
Small intestine is the upper part of the intestine, between the stomach and the large intestine, divided into;
duodenum,jejunum,ileum.Large intestine is the second to last part of the digestive system, comprising the
cecum and colon.So therefore, the small intestine assists the digestive system with the absorption of dietary
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In the chesapeake bay and other bodies of water, what is a result of phytoplankton population increases?
Dead zones are created by hypoxia and the bacterial decay of dead phytoplankton.
What are the effects of excess phytoplankton population?The Chesapeake Bay, like many other bodies of water, is overrun with nutrients, which results in a type of pollution called eutrophication. Every spring, sewage treatment facilities, farms, and lawns release large amounts of nitrogen and phosphorus into the Bay. These nutrients fuel the growth of algae as the water warms up in the summer, resulting in blooms that deplete the water's oxygen content and create sizable "dead zones" where fish, crabs, and other aquatic life find it challenging to survive. During these times, some of the mud's surface layers and portions closer to the bottom may become anoxic, meaning there is no oxygen present at all.
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Cross one parent that is heterozygous for both beak color and feather color with a parent that is homozygous for both recessive traits. What are the genotypes of the parents
Heterozygous for both traits genotype = BbFf
Homozygous for both traits genotype = bfbf
What are homozygous and heterozygous traits?
The term "identical genes received during the zygote period of development" is homozygous. The parents of a person with homozygous features gave them one copy of each allele. Both dominant and recessive alleles are possible.
Children with heterozygous traits inherit a dominant gene from one parent and a recessive allele from the other parent.
Let the alleles for beak color be:
Dominant allele = B
Recessive allele = b
Let the alleles for feather color be:
Dominant allele = F
Recessive allele = f
Therefore,
Parent 1 with heterozygous traits will have genotype = BbFf
(because it is heterozygous for both the traits)
Parent 2 with homozygous traits will have genotype = bfbf
(because it is homozygous for recessive traits)
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Misha often experiences severe swelling and joint pain in her fingers and wrists each morning. this pattern of symptoms is most likely due to:______
Misha often experiences severe swelling and joint pain in her fingers and wrists each morning. This pattern of symptoms is most likely due to Rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disorder and inflammatory condition in which your immune system unintentionally assaults healthy cells in your body, leading to painful swelling(inflammation) in the areas of your body affected. It primarily targets joints, typically several joints at once. Hand, fingers, wrist, and knee joints are frequently impacted. Joint tissue is harmed in a Rheumatoid arthritis-affected joint because of the inflammation of the joint lining resulting in Long-lasting or persistent pain.
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(b) What are the differences between reproduction in Rhizopus and in maize.
The Zygomycetes fungal family, which often lives on dead and decaying plant matter, includes Rhizopus, arguably the best-known genus in the group.
Typically, maize is used to make animal feed. It undergoes extensive processing to produce a wide range of goods, including cornmeal, grits, starch, flour, tortillas, snacks, and morning cereals.
How does reproduce Rhizopus and maize?A fungus's species name is Rhizopus. By producing spores, they reproduce asexually. The hyphae that make up the fungus's body create the sporangium. A swelling structure called the sporangium is at the end of the filaments carrying the spores.Drilling for maize seed should be done evenly and into moisture. For maize to flourish, soil temperatures must be 8C in the morning for four to five days.The differences between reproduction in Rhizopus and maize:
Rhizopus reproduction:
It reproduces by vegetative, asexual, and sexual mechanisms.
Rhizopus Vegetative Reproduction
The Rhizopus thallus can occasionally shatter into a few fragments by accident or due to other causes, and under the right circumstances, each fragment will grow into a new thallus.
Rhizopus Asexual Reproduction
Both sporangiospores and chlamydospores can be used for asexual reproduction.
Maize reproduction:
Both male and female reproductive organs are present in maize plants, which reproduce through self-pollination and cross-pollination.
The female component (the ear) extends from a central stalk in most commercially viable maize genotypes, whereas the male structure (the tassel) extends from the top of the stalk.
The wind carries pollen from the tassel to other maize plants, where it fertilizes the individual kernels on the ear. Maize can have ears that are anywhere between 2.5 and 45 cm long. The size, shape, and color of the kernels vary greatly as well.
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Rhizopus can reproduce sexually when two compatible and physiologically different mycelia are present.
Maize plants contain both male and female reproductive structures and image by both cross-pollination and self-pollination
How does Rhizopus reproduce?
Rhizopus species reproduce asexually via spores. Rhizopus species reproduce asexually via spores.
How does reproduce Rhizopus and maize?A fungus's species name is Rhizopus. By producing spores, they reproduce asexually. The hyphae that make up the fungus's body form the sporangium. A swelling system called the sporangium is at the end of the filaments maintaining the spores.
Drilling for maize seed should be done evenly and into water. For maize to grow, soil temperatures must be 8C in the morning for four to five days.
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Cabbage loopers are larval stages of butterflies that feed on cabbage leaves and related plants. The interaction between cabbage loopers and cabbage plants is
The interaction between cabbage loopers and cabbage plants is herbivory.
What is herbivory?
Animals eating living plant material is known as herbivory. This important ecosystem function has an impact on primary production as well as the structure and composition of the vegetation. The type and intensity of herbivore feeding determine the effect of herbivory. Different forms of herbivory have variable effects on various tissues as well as the generation, movement, and accumulation of photosynthates.
Experiments with insects with various diurnal feeding habits can be used to confirm the relationships between circadian plant defense modulation and the herbivory of cabbage loopers. Leaf-eating cabbage loopers only feed on the bottom leaf surface during their first three instars, leaving the upper surface intact.
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what is nanotechnology ?
Answer:
Nanotechnology is the branch of technology that deals with making structures that are less than 100 nanometres long. Scientists often build these structures using individual molecules of substances.
In which of the five basic supply chain activities do you manufacture products and create production schedules?
Make among the five basic supply chain activities manufacture products and create production schedules.
What are the 5 basic supply chain activities?The five basic supply chain activities are Plan, source, make, deliver and return. The planning phase entails creating a comprehensive supply chain strategy, whereas the other four components focus on the essential conditions for putting that strategy into action.
Building ties with vendors to obtain raw materials is referred to as the source in the fundamental supply chain. Return in the context of the fundamental supply chain means assisting with client and product returns. Coordination of the many tasks required to create and deliver goods and services to clients is known as supply chain management.
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Colin organized information about lipids in a table. x y prevent dehydration of plants are found in cell membranes of plant and animal cells are tightly packed fatty acid chains joined to long-chain alcohols consist of four carbon rings with no fatty acids are a protective layer on hair or feathers serve a role in aiding fat digestion what headings complete the table? x: waxes; y: sterols x: waxes; y: phospholipids x: phospholipids; y: polysaccharides x: disaccharides; y: sterols
The headings complete the table are X = waxes and Y = sterols; option A.
What are lipids?
Lipids are fatty, oily, or waxy water-insoluble substances found in living organisms.
Lipids are of many classes and types and they perform several functions in the body.
Some classification of lipids are given below:
Waxes:
prevent dehydration of plantsare a protective layer on hair or feathersare tightly packed fatty acid chains joined to long-chain alcoholsSterols:
are found in cell membranes of plant and animal cells consist of four carbon rings with no fatty acidsserve a role in aiding fat digestionIn conclusion, lipids are important biomolecules found in the body.
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