The amoeba has a much larger genome (C-value) because A large percentage of eukaryotic genomes is non-coding DNA, the amoeba has much more non-coding DNA than the fruit fly.
The amount of DNA in an organism's haploid genome is measured by the C-value. It varies greatly, often rising in C-value as organism complexity increases—from prokaryotes to invertebrates, vertebrates, and plants.The so-called C-Value Paradox refers to the finding that genome size does not always rise in proportion to an organism's apparent level of complexity.In comparison to prokaryotes (organisms without a nucleus), such as bacteria, eukaryotes, or species having a nucleus to hold their genetic material (DNA), do have larger genomes. Only 4 million base pairs make up the best friend of microbiologists, E. coli. On the other hand, the fly, Drosophila Melanogaster, has 140 million base pairs. Clearly, a fly is more complicated than a bacterium.learn more about C-value here: https://brainly.com/question/13188599
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Where are phospholipids most likely found in a eukaryotic cell? group of answer choices ribosomes around organelles plasma membrane flagella b and c
Answer: plasma membrane
Explanation:
If [e]t was the concentration of lactase in the kinetics trials, what expression gives the concentration of lactase in the commercial preparation of this enzyme?
DF = 1/250 x 1/2
Vt = Et
Vf = final concentration of lactase in the commercial preparation
DF = Vt / Vf
Vf = Vt / DF
Vf = Et / (1/250)(1/2)
Vf = Et x 500
The commercial preparation was first diluted by 1 - 250 to prepare the stock solution, and it was further diluted by 1 -2 by mixing with the substrate stock solution to perform the kinetics experiments.
Therefore, the dilution factor is done when you take whatever you initial volume was - in this case 1mL - and divide it by the new diluted volume - 0.1mL + 25mL. Then we get is 0.1/25.1, which is more easily solved as 1/250.
Since, this was a double dilution, 1mL of the initial dilution was diluted further with 1mL of substrate. So the second dilution factor will be 1/(1+1) = 1/2.
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Due to having partly filled d-orbitals ___ metals usually show variable valency.
Answer:
Due to having partly filled d-orbitals transition metals usually show variable valency.
Explanation:
Between the (n-1)d and ns subshells, there is relatively little energy difference. (n-1)d and ns electrons can be found in transition metals.
Transition metals can instantly obtain half-filled and completely filled stable structures after losing a few s and d electrons.
They could have several of these oxidation states.
Since the creation of chemical bonds involves both (n-1) d and ns.
What are transition metals?Transitional elements are those belonging to groupings 3 through 12. (or III B to VIII). The term "Transition Metals" refers to a group of 38 elements. Contrary to the majority of Alkali Metals, Alkaline Earth Metals, Non-Metals, Halogens, Metalloids, Lanthanides, and Actinides, Transition Metals are colored both in their compounds and in their pure state. This is due to the crystal structure of the compounds created by the transition metals, which allows them to absorb a certain frequency (color) of visible light and produce a complementary color in return (frequency). Keep in mind that on the color wheel, the complementary color is the one that is opposite to the absorbed color.
Let's say we use crystals of ammonium dichromate (NH4)2Cr2O7 (there is a Chromium atom in one molecule of the compound). Because the molecules in the complex absorb blue light and reflect the complementary color, it appears orange to us (in this case, Orange). Because organic substances absorb light from beyond the visible light spectrum and then simultaneously reflect all of the visible light, we see them as being white or colorless.
The Transition elements are:
ScandiumTitaniumVanadiumChromiumManganeseIronCobaltNickelCopperZincYttriumZirconiumNiobiumMolybdenumTechnetiumRutheniumRhodiumPalladiumSilverCadmiumHafniumTantalumTungestnRheniumOsmiumIridiumPlatinumGoldMercuryRutherfordiumDubniumSeaborgiumBohriumHassiumMeitneriumDarmstadtiumRoentgeniumCoperniciumThat’s it.
What percentages of maximum response in the three types of cones (s:m:l) will result in the perception of yellow light?
We perceive yellow when our L cones are stimulated at around 95% of their maximum and M cones at roughly 55% of their maximum (this ratio corresponds to a wavelength of about 580 nanometers).
What is the function of rods and cones in the eye?Rods and cones are the two different categories of photoreceptors found in the human retina. Cones are in charge of vision in brighter environments, whereas rods are in charge of vision in low light. Mesopic refers to the range of light where both can function.
Rods:
Capable of scotopic vision (low light levels).Populate the retina's outer edges.They have a rod design that makes it easier to see at night or in low light.Include the vitamin A-rich rhodopsin pigment necessary for night vision, making rods sensitive to light.Cones:
Responsible for color perception, high spatial acuity, and photopic vision (higher light levels).They are mainly located in the retina and are populated in the central fovea region.Cone-shaped and aid in highlighting color and other subtle features.They come in three varieties: L-cones, M-cones, and S-cones, which are sensitive to long, intermediate, and short waves respectively (S-cones)These contain the violet-colored iodopsin pigment.Learn more about rods and cones here:
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explain how to use a punnett square to determine the probability of inheriting traits?
The boxes that contain the dominant allele are counted and multiplied by 100 to obtain the percentage probability of the inheritance of each trait.
What is a punnet square?The Punnet square is used in genetics to determine the percentage probability of the inheritance of each of the traits represented in the square.
The square is divided into four connected by lines the number of boxes having the dominant allele is divided by 4 and multiplied by hundred and the percentage probability of the inheritance of each of the traits is obtained.
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he coronary sinus is a modified vein that collects venous blood from all areas of the heart and drains it directly into the left atrium of the heart.
The given statement that the coronary sinus is a modified vein that collects venous blood from all areas of the heart and drains it directly into the left atrium of the heart is true
What is coronary sinus?On the backside of the left atrium, within the left atrioventricular groove, is the coronary sinus, a sizable venous structure. The coronary sinus is responsible for removing venous blood from the bulk of the heart. Between the right atrioventricular orifice, the fossa ovalis, and the inferior vena cava aperture, it enters the right atrium. A thin, semicircular endocardial fold, also known as the Thebesian valve, frequently protects the coronary sinus.
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When people are asked to rate one of their own personality traits, they tend to?
When people are asked to rate one of their own personality traits, they generally tend to rate at a higher scale for the trait when compared to others.
What is self overestimation?Self overestimation refers to the judgment calculation which tends to be excessively favorable for the person who is comparing with others.
Self overestimation is a common problem when people need to have a conception of a particular trait of the feature, , but this phenomenon is associated with biases that distort the real value of the trait.
In conclusion, when people are asked to rate one of their own personality traits, they generally tend to rate at a higher scale for the trait when compared to others.
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Mitochondria contain circular strands of _____, similar to that found in many prokaryotes.
Mitochondria contain circular strands of DNA similar to that found in many prokaryotes.Most important are those striking similarities between prokaryotes and mitochondria.
Each mitochondria is its own circular DNA genome like a bacteria's genome , but that is much smaller than mitochondria genome. Chloroplasts and mitochondria are similar in size to prokaryotic cells and their division by splitting /fission similar to prokaryotes.
Prokaryotes lack mitochondria ATP present on their cell membrane surface.Bacteria and mitochondria are also similar in the light of genetic elements -both contain circular DNA and divide through fission. Mitrochondria have plump,jellybeans like shapes which is similar to rod shaped bacilli bacteria.
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Innovations that target NEW markets and represent a major break from existing technologies or ways of thinking, such as the digital camera, the touch-screen smart phone, or the decoding of the human genome, are examples of ______ innovations.
Innovations that target NEW markets and represent a major break from existing technologies or ways of thinking, such as the digital camera, the touch-screen smartphone, or the decoding of the human genome, are examples of Radical innovations.
What is radical innovation?
An invention that completely alters or replaces an existing business paradigm is considered radical innovation. Radical innovation, as opposed to architectural or incremental innovation, destroys the current system or process and replaces it with something wholly new.
Examples of radical innovation include the iPhone, which helped to create the present smartphone market, and the integration of sensor technology into farming equipment to provide farmers data they may use to change the farming sector.
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The spinal cord contains ascending and descending nerve fibers that send information between the cns and the periphery. This illustrates which function of the spinal cord?.
The spinal cord which contains ascending and descending nerve fibers that send information between the CNS and the periphery. The function illustrated by the spinal cord is conduction.
The spinal cord is an extended part of the central nervous system. the spinal cord contains vertebrae which are lined with discs for providing support. But apart from this most importantly the spinal cord contains nerves and nerve fibers that send information to both the central and peripheral nervous system. The pons in the brain is responsible for enhancing the conduction performed by the spinal cord. The pons contain nerve fibers which are responsible for forming tracts that make conduction easier by the spinal cord.
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What type of cross is a mating between two individuals that are both heterozygous for the same two genes? multiple choice question.
Dihybrid cross ,the alleles used to form the zygote were the same. A mating experiment between two organism that are identically hybrid for two traits. Hetrozygous individuals ,used two different alleles to form the zygote.
Its a cross between two individuals with two observed traits that controlled by two different genes. This idea was developed by Gregor Mendal when he study on pea plants that were yellow or green and either round or wrinkled.
Dihybrid cross genotypic ratio is 1:2:1. Third cross of two heterozygous parents and phenpotypic ratio is 9:3:3:1. It is class Mendelian ratio for a dihybrid cross in which alleles of different genes are independently into gametes.
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Differentiate between osmosis and active transport (4 marks)
Osmosis is the diffusion of water molecules down a concentration gradient through a semi-permeable membrane. Active transport is the movement of a substance against a concentration gradient.
What is Osmosis?Osmosis is the automatic net movement or diffusion of solvent molecules through a selectively-permeable membrane from a part of high water possibility (region of lower solute concentration) to parts of low water potential (region of higher solute concentration), in the order that tends to equalize the solute concentrations on the two sides.
It may also describe a physical process in which any solvent moves across a selectively absorptive membrane (permeable to the solvent, but not the solute) by dividing two explanations of different concentrations. Osmosis can be created to do work. Osmotic pressure is described as the external pressure required to be involved so that there is no net motion of solvent across the membrane. Osmotic pressure is a colligative property, suggesting that the osmotic pressure depends on the molar concentration of the solute though not on its individuality.
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What is the stage of cell division in a diploid organism if you see seven chromosomes, each consisting of a pair of sister chromatids
Answer:
Metaphase is the stage of cell division in a diploid organism if we see seven chromosomes, each consisting of a pair of sister chromatids.
Hope its helpful!
Meiosis II prophase is the stage of cell division in a diploid organism, each consisting of a pair of sister chromatids
There are four crucial processes that take place during prophase II of meiosis II. These include chromatin condensation into chromosomes, thinning of the nuclear envelope, centrosome movement to either pole and re-building of the spindle apparatus. Centrosomes do not exist in every cell, though.
Both of the daughter cells that were created during meiosis I go through meiosis II. The process of cell division starts right away because DNA replication does not occur during this second meiotic stage. Prophase II sets up the cell for meiosis II, which results in the production of four haploid cells, each of which has half the genetic material that was previously present in the original, duplicated diploid cell.
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What are the three reasons why the cpi is hard to measure accurately?
The three main reasons why the CPI is hard to measure accurately include the following below:
New products to buyNew ways for consumers to buy them.Inflation and taxes.What is CPI?
This is referred to as consumer price index and helps to measure the change in consumer prices from a weighted average market basket of consumer goods and services.It is also used in determining the prices as a result of different factors such as inflation being taken into consideration.
CPI is however difficult to measure accurately as a result of the constant new product formation and the different ways and manner in which the consumers use the product at that point in time.
The aforementioned are therefore the reasons why they were chosen as the most appropriate choice.
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There are more hydrogen atoms in living organisms than any other atom, but oxygen is more abundant in terms of mass.
Why is this statement true?
What is the term for biodiversity that results from few ancestral species
Adaptive radiation is the term for biodiversity that results from a few ancestral species.
What is biodiversity?The term biodiversity (from “biological diversity”) guides to the mixture of life on Earth at all its levels, from genes to ecosystems, and can contain the evolutionary, ecological, and cultural functions that sustain life.
Biodiversity includes not only species we consider rare, endangered, or endangered but also every living thing—from humans to organisms we understand little about, such as microbes, fungi, and invertebrates.At the Center for Biodiversity and Conservation, we have human and human cultural diversity as a component of biodiversity. We use the term “biocultural” to represent the occupied, always evolving, and connected nature of people and place, and the notion that sociable and biological measurements are interrelated. This vision recognizes that human use, knowledge, and beliefs influence, and in favor are influenced, by the ecological methods of which human residents are a part.To learn more about biodiversity, refer to:
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Calculate the minute ventilation for the 5mm tube and then for the 3 mm tube. What effect does decreasing tube radius have on resistance and minute ventilation?
Calculating minute ventilation, this formula should be used:
Minute ventilation = tidal volume x respiratory rate (normal is 4-6 L/min) Tidal volume = alveolar space + dead space.What is minute ventilation?Minute ventilation is the tidal volume times the respiratory rate, usually, 500 mL × 12 breaths/min = 6000 mL/min.
Therefore, the 5mm tube will be calculated as:
500 x 15= 7,500 mL/min.
And the 3mm tube will be calculated as:
65 x 15= 975mL/min
The effect decreasing the tube radius will have on increased resistance and minute ventilation is that there will be a decrease in the tube minute ventilation.
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The _____ system transports nutrients and oxygen to the cells and takes carbon dioxide and waste products to the lungs and kidneys for elimination.
The circulatory system transports nutrients and oxygen to the cells and takes carbon dioxide and waste products to the lungs and kidneys for elimination.
How does the circulatory system work?The circulatory system transports nutrients and oxygen to all the cells of the body. Circulatory system consists of the heart and the blood vessels (arteries and veins) which are present throughout the body and deliver nutrients and oxygen. The arteries work to carry the blood away from the heart while the veins carry it back to the heart. The network of blood vessels is just like a tree with branches.The heartbeats control the blood circulation.Blood flows from the atria to the ventricles from where it gets distributed to other organs.The brief pathway of blood through heart is as follows: different organs of the body > inferior/superior vena cava > right atrium > right ventricle > pulmonary arteries > lungs > pulmonary veins > left atrium > left ventricle > aorta > body cellsLearn more about circulatory system here:
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Besides chemical buffers and renal function, what other mechanism regulates the pH of the internal environment
Besides chemical buffers and renal function, Respiratory system regulates the pH of the internal environment.
The three key processes the body employs to control pH are as follows. The first line of defense is a chemical buffer, followed by the respiratory system and, finally, the renal system. Together, these three systems help to maintain the body's pH within that certain range.Compounds that substitute weaker acids or bases for stronger ones. They aid organisms in keeping the pH of bodily fluids within the limited range required for survival by reducing broad pH changes (usually pH 6-8).The bicarbonate buffer mechanism in the respiratory system keeps the blood's pH stable. The equation above shifts to the left because it is in balance as the pH of the blood lowers and the concentration of hydrogen ions in the blood increases.learn more about pH of the internal environment here: https://brainly.com/question/1596662
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Individuals displaying symptoms of pain in their arms and legs, fatigue and diffuse joint and bone pain are suffering from a chronic condition known as?
Fibromyalgia syndrome.
Fibromyalgia is the second most common condition affecting your bones and muscles.
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a common rheumatoid disorder of the muscles and bones that does not involve the joints. FMS causes pain and fatigue, and people with FMS feel as if their muscles have been pulled or overworked. The condition is often misdiagnosed and misunderstood.
But it does not cause elevated inflammation levels in the bloodstream. It does not cause joint damage and is not organ-threatening. Fibromyalgia is often triggered by a stressful event, including physical stress or emotional (psychological) stress. Possible triggers for the condition include: an injury or a viral infection.
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Molecules that absorb light energy are called
Molecules that absorb light energy are called pigment.
What is pigment?A chemical that can be found in animal or plant tissue and gives off a distinctive color, such hemoglobin in red blood or chlorophyll in green plants. any chemical that adds color.Chlorophylls are plant pigments that give plants their characteristic green hue. They are also the molecules in charge of the photosynthesis process, which converts light energy into chemical energy. Chlorophylls aid in blood oxygenation and thus aid in the body's detoxification.Chemical compounds known as pigments display visible light wavelengths, giving them their colorful appearance. A certain form of pigment is present in plants, flowers, algae, some photosynthetic bacteria, and even the skin of animals. This pigment provides color and has the capacity to absorb some wavelengths.
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Our actual respiratory capacity is ____________________ as much as our 'normal' breathing.
Our actual respiratory capacity is 12- 20 breaths per minute as much as our 'normal' breathing.
Normal respiration rates for an adult person at rest range from 12 to 16 breaths per minute. Respiration rate is measured as the number of complete breaths counted in 30 seconds. The respiration rate in females is generally faster than in males. One breath equals one inhalation and one exhalation. The respiration rate is measured as the number of complete breaths counted in 1 minute.
Respiration rate depends on fundamental vital sign that is sensitive to different health conditions for example adverse cardiac events, pneumonia, and clinical deterioration .other factors include emotional stress, cognitive load, heat, cold, and exercise-induced fatigue.
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Plssss help answer must be two lines
Answer:
Explanation:
When the chemical 'x' was added to the plant at the time of 5.0, the Chemical (mineral) intake took at a fast pace of .5 sec (as shown in graph).
The Mineral is transported to the whole plant body via Xylem.
a,u
The chemical started to react the plant at 7.5 mins
In the study of Gigord and colleagues using Elderflower orchids, the allele frequencies of yellow and purple flowers varied such that when the yellow allele started to become rare, the reproductive success of purple flowers decreased and the reproductive success of yellow-flowered individuals increased in a process known as _
In the study of Gigord and colleagues using Elderflower orchids, the allele frequencies of yellow and purple flowers varied such that when the yellow allele started to become rare, the reproductive success of purple flowers decreased and the reproductive success of yellow-flowered individuals increased in a process known as frequency-dependent selection.
Frequency-dependent selection is an evolutionary process in which the fitness of a phenotype or genotype is dependent on the frequency of that phenotype or genotype in a particular population.
Positive frequency-dependent selection raises the fitness of a phenotype or genotype as it becomes more prevalent.In the case of negative frequency-dependent selection, the fitness of an increasingly prevalent phenotype or genotype diminishes.In a broader sense, frequency-dependent selection involves biological interactions that make the fitness of an individual dependent on the frequencies of other genotypes or phenotypes within the population.
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The thin skin that appears to form on water’s surface occurs because of
The thin skin that appears to form on the water’s surface occurs because of capillarity.
What is capillarity?Capillarity is a physical property of water (H2O) associated with the movement of its molecules.
Capillarity refers to the propensity of water molecules to ascend and decay due to surface tension.
In conclusion, the thin skin that appears to form on the water is due to capillarity.
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what are biomolecules
(*´ω`*)
Explanation:
Definition: A biomolecule is a chemical compound found in living organisms. These include chemicals that are composed of mainly carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus. Biomolecules are the building blocks of life and perform important functions in living organisms
Rouleaux formation is characterized by _______. Rouleaux formation is characterized by _______. an increase in ESR an increase in ESR and a decrease in fibrinogen production a decrease in fibrinogen production a decrease in ESR and a decrease in fibrinogen production a decrease in ESR
Correct answer is A. Rouleaux formation is characterized by an increase in ESR.
What is Rouleaux formation in ESR?Since rouleaux formation is primarily determined by elevated levels of plasma fibrinogen and globulin.ESR primarily reflects changes in plasma proteins associated with acute and chronic infections, some tumors, and degenerative diseases. Under such circumstances, the ESR value is much higher than 20 mm/h.In inflammatory conditions, fibrinogen, other coagulation proteins, and alpha globulin become positively charged, increasing ESR.To learn more about RBCs from the given link
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The concentration of cholesterol (C27H46O) in blood is approximately 5.0mM. How many grams of cholesterol are in 315mL of blood
The weight of cholesterol is 0.6 g.
Here use the concept of molarity.
What is molarity?
The amount of a substance in a specific volume of solution is known as its molarity (M). The moles of a solute per liter of a solution is known as molarity.
Molarity = no. of moles/volume (in L)
Calculation:Given,
Molarity, M = 5.0 mM = 5 × 10⁻³ M
Volume, V = 315 mL = 315 × 10⁻³ L
To calculate,
Weight of cholesterol =?
We know that,
Molecular mass of cholesterol, C₂₇H₄₆O = 386
No. of moles = weight/ molecular mass
The formula is modified as,
Molarity = weight of cholesterol/ (molecular mass) (Volume)
Put the values in the formula,
5 × 10⁻³ = weight of cholesterol/ (386) (315 × 10⁻³)
Weight of cholesterol = 5 × 10⁻³ (386) (315 × 10⁻³)
= 0.6 g
Hence, the weight of cholesterol is 0.6 g.
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The least movable joints are _____________ joints.
Answer:
fibrous joints is the answer ..
hope it helps...
Interestingly, experiments have shown that PALA can act as both an activator and an inhibitor of ATCase activity. Specifically, PALA acts as an activator at low concentrations and an inhibitor at high concentrations. Propose an explanation for this observation.
A Final statement or concluding statement PALA may activate ATCase at low Asp concentrations and saturating CP concentrations .
According to the Statement:
Instead of activation, inhibition occurs when PALA or Asp concentrations are high. The activation generated by low concentrations of PALA can be explained by the MWC model. The majority of the population of the enzyme does not transition to the R state at low Asp concentrations because the Asp concentration is insufficient to encourage this transition. As a result, the majority of the enzyme population is in the low-activity, low-affinity T state.
On the other hand, PALA binding, because of the way its structure resembles the transition state structure of the process, is able to keep the enzyme in the high-activity, high-affinity R state.
As a result, activity increases at low concentrations of PALA; but, as PALA concentration rises, more and more of the active sites are replaced by the non-hydrolyzable bisubstrate analog, and activity falls. At high Asp concentrations and a saturating CP concentration, PALA activation is not seen.
PALA binding just blocks the active site to which it binds and reduces activity because the enzyme population is already in the R state under these circumstances.
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A Final statement or concluding statement PALA may activate ATCase at low Asp concentrations and saturating CP concentrations .
However, increasing the concentration of PALA or Asp results in inhibition rather than activation. The MWC model can explain the activation caused by low amounts of PALA.
Because the Asp concentration is inadequate to promote the transition to the R state for the majority of the enzyme population at low Asp concentrations, the enzyme remains mostly in the low-activity, low-affinity T state. PALA binding, on the other hand, is able to maintain the enzyme in the high-activity, high-affinity R state because its structure mirrors the transition state structure of the process.
The concerted shift to the R state frees up the majority of active sites, allowing them to react with substrates and produce products, while a minority of active sites bound with PALA are inactive yet keep the enzyme in the R state.
As a result, activity rises at low PALA concentrations; but, as PALA concentration increases, more and more of the active sites are replaced by the non-hydrolyzable bisubstrate analog, and activity decreases. PALA activation is not detected at high Asp concentrations and a saturating concentration of CP.
Because the enzyme population is already in the R state under these conditions, PALA binding merely blocks the active site to which it binds and decreases activity.
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