Based on their data, which of the organisms can only produce offspring that are
genetically different to the parent organisms? (choose 2)
A: Strawberry plants
B: Dolphins
C: Copperhead snakes
D: Liverworts
E: Moonflowers
F: Streptococcus bacteria

On the basis of the scientific theories for the origin of life on Earth, the explanation which is not correct is that the colonies of cyanobacteria were brought to Earth in asteroids and comets.

According to the deep-sea vent idea, life may have started at submerged hydrothermal vents that spew out essential components for life, like carbon and hydrogen.

In the deepest parts of the ocean's ocean floor, are hydrothermal vents. These vents release fluid that has been heated to a high temperature by the Earth's core as it rises through the crust and is then discharged at the vents gathering dissolved gases and minerals, including carbon and hydrogen. Then, these molecules might have been concentrated in their rocky crevices, serving as mineral catalysts for important reactions. These vents still support thriving ecosystems today because they are rich in chemical and thermal energy.

The meteorites would've been capable of transporting the molecules to Earth after the creation of nucleobases in space, later serving as the foundation for all genetic basis of life.

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Blast stretching, Stretching in this manner is seen to be harmful and risky. Your muscles can't get used to being stretched out and can't unwind because of it.

In that it is movement-based, ballistic stretching is comparable to dynamic stretching. You strive to extend a bodily part's range of motion rather of extending it all the way to the limit. These stretches frequently call for uncontrolled motions that risk harm.

The most often practiced form of stretching is static, which is lengthening a muscle until it becomes uncomfortable and holding that posture for a brief period of time ( 5). At the end of the range of motion, where the muscle is at its maximum length, ballistic stretching comprises repeated bouncing movements.

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The ratio of x1/x2 after 10 h of batch growth would be 2:1. The batch growth of the mixed cultures should last for 20 h in order to obtain x1/x2.

We calculate this using,

a) Rate

N= N0ekt

For each bacteria we have to find out K so first bacteria with doubling time 2 hour 

Assume there were 100 bacterias then after 2 hours there will be 200 bacterias

 so N = 200 , N0=100 and t=2 hours

200 = 100*ek*2

200/100 = e^2K

e^2K = 2

Taking ln on both sides 

2K = ln 2

K = ln2/2   

=0.34657

The equation for bacteria X1

N0= Ne0.346t 

For bacteria X2 K= ln2/4 ( because only difference here is the doubling time)  =0.17328

So the equation for X2

N0= Ne0.173t

a)  X1/X2 after 10 hours so t = 10

Ne0.346t / Ne

0.173t=e0.346t / e0.173t

= e0.346*10 / e0.173*10

= 31.817 / 5.64

=5.6413

b) X1 / X2= 10

e0.346t / e0.173t =10

Taking ln on both sides 

ln ( e0.346t / e0.173t )= ln 10

ln e0.346t- ln e0.173t = ln 10

0.346t- 0.173t = 2.302

t ( 0.346-  0.173 ) = 2.302

t = 2.302/ ( 0.346 -  0.173)  

=13.306

So the time is 13.306 hours

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The past of the earth was like that there were Similar tectonic movements were occurring.

What is tectonic plates?

Plate tectonics is used to define that, there is a widely held scientific idea that the Earth's lithosphere is made up of a series of huge tectonic plates that have been moving slowly since around 3.4 billion years ago.

Tectonic plates clashing now is causing some mountain ranges to rise, and earthquakes are sometimes produced by tectonic plates moving against each other. Similar tectonic motions were present in the past of the world.

Therefore, option D is correct.

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Answer:

As we have just seen, cells require a constant supply of energy to generate and maintain the biological order that keeps them alive. This energy is derived from the chemical bond energy in food molecules, which thereby serve as fuel for cells.

Explanation:

hope it helps :)

Because muscles do not require oxygen while a person is at rest, hemoglobin uses less oxygen. When a person transitions from rest to exercise, hemoglobin molecules are released into the muscles.

Hemoglobin levels may fall if an illness or condition interferes with your body's capacity to make red blood cells. Your body isn't receiving enough oxygen when your haemoglobin level is low, which makes you feel extremely exhausted and weak.

When your body needs more hemoglobin to carry oxygen, which typically happens when you smoke, your hemoglobin count rises. You produce more red blood cells naturally if you reside at a high altitude to make up for the area's lower oxygen levels.

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DNA polymerase I an enzyme routinely synthesizes DNA to replace the excised strand.

An enzyme called DNA polymerase to takes a role in the replication of bacterial DNA. It was the first known DNA polymerase, and Arthur Kornberg discovered it in 1956. It was first identified in E. coli and is found in all prokaryotes.

During lagging-strand synthesis, DNA polymerase I (pol I) processes RNA primers and fills up tiny gaps during DNA repair events. By extending the 3′ ends of an existing nucleotide chain and adding new nucleotides that are identical to the template strand one at a time using the formation of phosphodiester bonds, DNA polymerase adds a new strand of DNA.

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New species appear relatively quickly are associated with the theory of . (a) punctuated equilibrium. So option (a) is the correct answer.

A pattern of rapid evolutionary change followed by long periods of stagnation is a pattern explained by an interrupted equilibrium. Punctuation equilibrium states show that organisms do not change much as they appear in the fossil record.

Interrupted equilibrium predicts that many species evolutionary changes occur on short time scales associated with speciation events.

An intermittent equilibrium occurs as genetic variation passes more rapidly, increasing the rate of evolution and speciation. Tyrannosaurus fossils and mollusks species from the Turkana Basin are examples of intermittent equilibrium.

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Explanation:

individuals contain genes that are unique to the individual. the genes are coded into mRNA and in the ribosomes the mRNA are read form tRNA to assemble amino acids and form a polypeptide chain which is modified further to form protein molecules. these proteins molecules form structures, enzymes and hormones which contribute to the individual's traits such as hair structures, digestive traits and body structures too.

therefore, proteins made off the genes in an individual determine their traits

When the sodium-potassium at phase is poisoned, the action potential's rising phase is most likely to be impacted.

The action potential created by nerve cells is significantly influenced by the sodium-potassium pump. The reason this pump is known as a P-type ion pump is that the ATP interactions phosphorylate the transport protein, changing its shape.

Action potentials are terminated, hyperpolarization occurs, and excitability decreases as a result of activation, which also increases conductance. When the channels are blocked, on the other hand, depolarization, prolonged action potentials, repetitive firing, and increases in transmitter release and endocrine activity result.

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The statement that is not true for disturbances is 'they can cause complete destruction of an ecosystem'.

Ecological disturbance is a non-biological or biological event or force that alters the spatial organization of organisms in the ecosystems they live in as well as their mortality. The nature of entire ecosystems as well as the organization of particular populations are significantly shaped by disturbance.

Even though disturbances frequently have a negative impact on the populations of native plants, animals, and other organisms in a given environment, they can also provide fugitive species a chance to enter and establish themselves in ecosystems where their biological communities once were excluded.

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The atomic theory has changed as scientists discovered more information about atoms statements follows the current understanding of atoms is there is the finite number of kind of atom that combine to make all matter of the universe

Chemistry is based on the modern atomic theory which stated that all matter is composed of atom and atom themselves are composed of protons and neutron and electron and each element has its own atomic number and which is equal to the number of proton in its nucleus and on the cosmic  scale of the universe and assume that amount of matter created and uncreated cancel each other out and this mean that matter is finite so there are the same number of atom in the observable universe

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Fluoroquinolones are the class of antibiotics which inhibits RNA and DNA synthesis, which halts bacterial replication.

What are Fluoroquinolones antibiotics?

As we know, antibiotics are medicines that destroy or stop the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. Fluoroquinolones are such antibiotics, or bacterial agents, that are used to treat respiratory tract infections like pneumonia, sinusitis, bronchitis, and even urinary tract infections. These groups of antibiotics are effective against gram +ve and gram –ve bacteria as well.

Fluoroquinolones are FDA approved. They include levoflaxin, ciproflaxin, mixifloxacin, delafloxacin, etc.

Hence, Fluoroquinolones are antibiotics that have the ability to inhibit RNA and DNA growth.

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The current discovery of the presence of this reported p. aeruginosa could lead to a recurrence of nosocomial disease as Nosocomial infections, also known as hospital-acquired infections, are the infections that are contracted within a hospital environment.

Transmission of these infections usually occurs via healthcare workers, patients, hospital equipment, or intravenous injections.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa may be a commonly typified, gram-negative, aerobic–facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium that can cause illness in plants and creatures, counting people.

A species of considerable therapeutic significance, P. aeruginosa could be a multidrug-safe pathogen recognized for its ubiquity.

Its inherently progressed anti-microbial resistance components, and its affiliation with genuine sicknesses – hospital-acquired diseases such as ventilator-associated pneumonia and different sepsis disorders.

A hospital-acquired contamination, too known as nosocomial contamination (from the Greek nosokomeion, meaning "clinic"), is a disease that's obtained in a health care office.

In both healing centers and nonhospital settings, it is now and then instep called a healthcare-associated disease.

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Only cardiac muscle cells shows autorhythmicity The unique feature of cardiac muscle cells is autorhythmicity .

Cardiac muscle cells (cardiomyocytes) are striated, branched, have a large number of mitochondria, and are controlled involuntarily.

Specialized cardiac muscle cells known as autorhythmic cells are where action potentials (electrical impulses) in the heart are thought to begin. These cells have the capacity to self-excite and produce an action potential without external nerve cell activation. The autorhythmic cells offer a conduction system to coordinate the contraction of muscle cells throughout the heart and act as a pacemaker to start the cardiac cycle (the heart's pumping cycle).

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Answer: D a balance system

Explanation: even though they can go through many different changes both over short and long periods of time, when uninterrupted they usually evolve and change for the better.

Hope this helps :)

In contrast to the theory of spontaneous generation, which states that living things evolved from nonliving matter, biogenesis explains how living organisms evolved from other living organisms.

One of this theory's strengths is that it is well supported by other studies. Biogenesis refers to all living things that originate from other living things. This gave birth to the cell, cell theory, and theories about the origin of life. Louis Pasteur proposed the Biogenesis theory. Life, according to the theory, arises from pre-existing life. The theory of biogenesis holds that living things can only come from other living things. Rudolf Virchow proposed it in 1858 as a counter-hypothesis to spontaneous generation. Prior to Virchow, it was widely assumed that microorganisms appeared by chance.

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1. Insects can be useful for identification of drugs in forensics because of entomologist

2.Different sized larvae are found on a body then the postmortem interval is directly related with the length of larva so big or whose length is more or whose size is more are use to determine post mortem interval

3. The factors that can affect insect colonization rates are temprature and humidity

Entomologist can help forensic pathologist in determining TOD by looking at the insect that are feeding on the around of the body and calliphoridea means blow flies and sarcophagidea means flesh flies are belong to order diptera and this are the most wide spread and accurate insect for determining TOD and factor that affect insect colonization rates are temprature and humidity and rainfall as well as weather the cadaver is exposed or concealed may influence the rate of insect invasion and hen the postmortem interval is directly related with the length of larva so big or whose length is more or whose size is more are use to determine post mortem interval because the post mortem interval can be determined from the larvae of blow flies using the growth parameter and larval length as biological clock

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T cells have antigen receptors that:  bind to antigen fragments presented on major histocompatibility complexes by host cells.

T cells are a type of lymphocytes. They are an essential component of immune cells and are of two types: Helper T cells and Cytotoxic T cells. The helper cells help in the activation of other immune cells like B cells to fight against infection, while the cytotoxic cells directly kill the foreign invaders.

Major Histocompatibility Complexes are the genes that encode for proteins that help in the presentation of foreign antigens onto the surface of infected cells so that they can be recognized by immune cells. They are present in all of the higher vertebrate animals.

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Viral receptors are the general term used to describe the viral component that binds to a host cell for attachment purposes.

When referring to a particular molecule or structure that aids in viral attachment on the surface of host cells, the word "receptor" should be used. The molecule(s) on the surface of the virus that binds to the receptor is referred to as "ligands." The term "viral envelope" refers to the structure that surrounds the capsid of certain viruses. All viruses use a specific type of glycoprotein to bind to viral receptors on their host cells, which are cellular molecules.

Once a virus has attached itself to and entered the host cell by breaking through the cell wall or membrane, viral replication can start. The protein covering the viral genome is removed, and the viral genome is then injected into the host cell.

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The proper first aid for arterial gas embolism, subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax, and mediastinal emphysema is Administer oxygen, watch Vital signs, treat for shock, and stand by to administer cardio-pulmonary resuscitation, Seek proper medical aid

Subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax, and pneumomediastinum are ordinarily a result of thoracic and cervical limit injury, esophageal perforation also called Boerhaave disorder, causes incorporate helped positive pressure ventilation, interstitial lung malady, and aperture of an empty stomach viscus with ensuing dismemberment of air into the mediastinum utilizing the diaphragmatic break and dental strategies as well as a few maladies. It can moreover suddenly happen since of cocaine inward breath, heaving, and commanding strainings, such as in childbirth or strenuous exercise. In any case, synchronous subcutaneous emphysema, pneumothorax, and pneumomediastinum are complications seldom watched synchronously amid an intense asthma assault. This case outlines a bizarre sudden complication of an asthmatic attack.

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Answer:

Messenger im sure

Answer:it is surface tension

Explanation:

The region where the soils of Spodosol order are present are: coniferous forests of cool temperate or wetter regions.

Spodosol are the acidic soils. Their appearance is a little ashy and gray. The subsurface of these soils has the accumulation of humus, Al and Fe oxides.  The soil is found in cool and moist type of climates. Their pH ranges from around 4.5 to 5.5.

Coniferous forests are a biome of terrestrial habitat. These habitats have warm summers and cool winters. The trees rich in coniferous forests are called conifers that have needle like leaves. They also do not have flowers but have conifers. Coniferous forests are generally evergreen.

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Lordosis due to pregnancy is an increase in the lumbar curvature, which compensates for the enlargement of the uterus in pregnant women.
Pregnancy can cause a lot of discomfort.  The increased burden due to the weight gain and size of the fetus can cause pain.
Not only that, pregnant women are also at risk of experiencing lordosis.  This is a condition in which there is an excessive inward curvature of the lower back.

 Lordosis Can Be Caused by Pregnancy
Pregnancy is clearly a risk factor for developing lordosis and other postural changes.
As the uterus grows larger, the body experiences a shift in its center of gravity.  This puts a lot of strain on the lower back muscles as they have to compensate for the extra load.
In addition, the growing uterus causes the abdominal muscles to stretch and weaken.  This further exacerbates the problem because the abdominal muscles help keep the pelvis in a neutral position.
Ultimately, the imbalance between the abdomen and lower back tilts the pelvis forward creating lordosis.
Lordosis can occur in the late second and early third trimesters of pregnancy.  This is when the fetus grows the fastest and the uterus expands rather rapidly.
The larger the pregnancy, the more shifts in the center of gravity are experienced.

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The activator's ability to activate a target promoter is unaffected by the replacement of the DNA binding domain, which just changes the site at which it will function.

The DNA regulatory sites close to the promoter regions, which function as on/off switches, are where activator proteins interact. This binding promotes the activity of the RNA polymerase and the transcription of adjacent genes.

Gene expression in a eukaryotic cell must be activated by transcriptional activators. RNA polymerase II can be drawn to the promoter or extended with the help of activators attached to the enhancer.

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According to Charles Darwin, human traits and actions may be inherited and used for evolutionary goals. The correct option for given question is e

Charles Darwin introduced the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection in his 1859 publication "On the Origin of Species." Darwin describes in his book how creatures change over generations through the inheritance of physical or behavioral features. As illustrated by one of the Galapagos finches Darwin studied and the form of its beak, the theory's central principle is that features can change within a population.

The theory holds that individuals who have traits that make it simpler for them to adapt to their environment will help them survive and have more offspring, who will inherit those traits. People that are less flexible are less likely to survive and pass those traits on.

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Answer:

The enzymes in the detergent have an optimal temperature closer to that of the warm water at which they have the greatest reaction velocity.

Explanation:

Enzymes function best at a specific pH and temperature. This is due to the chemical characteristics of the enzyme. In this case it was observed that the enzyme was able to clean better at a higher temperature. To test this you could measure the reaction velocities using a kinetic enzyme assay that uses a spectrophotometer to measure the absorbance of a sample over a period of time to record the change. The independent variable would be the temperature.

Answer: i know this isnt about the question but i just wanted to say thank you so much for helping me with punnet squares again!! i hope you have an amazing day <3

Explanation: