Behavior modification is based on the principles of behaviorist B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning. This means that, in essence, Skinner found that reinforced behavior tends to be repeated and behavior that isn't reinforced tends to phase out.
Interventions or ways to decrease this behavior include reinforcement of alternative behaviors, reinforcement of incompatible behaviors, use of schedules to engage children, providing communication systems, decreasing academic demands, and providing replacement behaviors.
Some behavior modification techniques are-
Positive reinforcement.Negative reinforcement.Punishment.Flooding.Systematic desensitization.Aversion therapy.Extinction.Behavior Modification Therapy
Within therapy, therapists using behavior modification therapy focus on specific goals with clients, which is changing certain maladaptive or undesirable behaviors in specific situations. During a first session, the therapist would listen to the client's concerns to see what the client needs or wants to change; this could be a phobia, overeating, a problem with focus and productivity, etc. The client and therapist would identify the specific problem to be solved and then figure out what steps are necessary to change the behavior gradually. The therapist and client develop a treatment plan.
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The Linnaean suborder prosimians includes Group of answer choices diurnal and nocturnal lemurs. diurnal and nocturnal galagos. only diurnal species. only nocturnal species.
Lemurs are prosimians and some of them are nocturnal while others are diurnal.
Prosimians
Prosimians are primates that include lemurs, lorisoids, galagos, etc. They are considered less developed compared to primates such as humans, apes, and monkeys. The advanced primates are called simians. They are mostly nocturnal but some are diurnal. They are mostly tree-dwellers and have a keen sense of smell. Their sense of smell is greater than their sense of vision. They have long snouts and moist noses.
Lemurs
Lemurs belong to the prosimians and they have a large diversity of diurnal and nocturnal. Some others are cathemeral as they can stay active both day and night. The cathemeral lemurs can show variation as the season changes. As such changes are often affected by the availability of food and the weather.
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How do plants maintain homeostasis? Select all that apply.
By exchanging gas through stigmas.
By exchanging gas through stomata.
By closing stomata to prevent water loss.
By altering the activity within a cell with chemical transmitters.
By growing towards sunlight.
Plants maintain homeostasis by exchanging gas through their stomata (option B). Details about homeostasis can be found below.
What is homeostasis?Homeostasis is the ability of a system or living organism to adjust its internal environment to maintain a constant state.
Plants maintain homeostasis in their cell by opening a pore called stomata for gaseous exchange to occur i.e. loss of oxygen, intake of carbon dioxide
Therefore, plants maintain homeostasis by exchanging gas through their stomata.
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What is a sequence of dna nucleotides that holds the instructions to make a protein?
There are four naturally occurring nitrogenous bases, there are four different types of DNA nucleotides: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C). This sequence is broken into a series of three-nucleotide units known as codons. Each DNA sequence that contains instructions to make a protein is known as a gene.
Sequencing DNA means determining the order of the four chemical building blocks - called "bases" - that make up the DNA molecule. The sequence tells scientists the kind of genetic information that is carried in a particular DNA segment.
DNA sequencing was built upon earlier knowledge of DNA polymerases and cell-free systems for replicating DNA. The chain-termination method, which makes clever use of a "defective" DNA nucleotide, now dominates DNA sequencing technology.
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The discarded theory of blending inheritance most closely resembles what inheritance
The discarded theory of blending inheritance most closely resembles incomplete dominance.
What is blending inheritance?An antiquated biological notion from the 19th century is the concept of blending inheritance. According to the hypothesis, children inherit any trait by averaging the values of their parents for that trait.According to the theory of blended inheritance, an offspring combines the values of both parents for a given attribute. As opposed to blended inheritance, particulate inheritance states that a child inherits individual units or genes from each parent. Offspring thus combines the traits of both parents.Incomplete dominance is the term used to describe phenotypic "blending" of two features, which implies that neither trait is truly dominant over the other.The manifestation of phenotypic traits that are intermediate between those of the parents, such as pink flower color from red and white parents. Inheritance was a now-discredited hypothesis that claimed children's genetic make-up was a pure admixture of their parents'.Learn more about inheritance here:
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Name an inflammatory skin disease caused by a specific virus characterized by small blisters in clusters.
Dermatitis herpetiformis is the answer.
Dermatitis herpetiformis, also known as During's disease, is characterized by red clusters of highly itchy (itchy) blisters. The elbows, knees, scalp, and buttocks are most commonly affected. The mucosa is rarely involved.
Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is a chronic, severe itchy vesicular skin condition of gluten-sensitive enteropathy commonly known as celiac disease. DH is a skin rash that affects about 10% of people with celiac disease.
Dermatitis herpetiformis looks like a collection of itchy ridges that can easily be mistaken for acne or eczema. Blisters can also form and can be misdiagnosed as herpes.
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What is the highest total blood cholesterol concentration (mg/dL) that falls within the desirable range
Cholesterol levels below 200 mg/dl are considered "desirable blood cholesterol," 200 to 239 mg/dl are considered "borderline-high blood cholesterol," and 240 mg/dl and above are considered "high blood cholesterol."
There are two forms of cholesterol: low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein. Cholesterol is a waxy, fatty molecule (HDL).The "bad" cholesterol LDL, or too much of it, can accumulate in blood arteries and form plaques, which are fatty deposits.Heart attacks and strokes are only two more issues that these plaques can cause.Low levels of both total and LDL cholesterol are ideal. However, having higher levels of HDL, or "good," cholesterol, may lower your chance of having a heart attack or stroke.Doctors can check your total cholesterol, HDL, and LDL levels.learn more about Cholesterol levels here: https://brainly.com/question/841110
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Describe and explain the intelligence cycle steps. Is one step in the intelligence cycle more significant or more important than others? explain why?
Intelligence cycle is the process of active collaboration which develop information for policy making and action.There are six steps of the cycle - Requirements, Planning, and direction, collection, processing and exploitation , analysis and production and dissemination.
Requirement - Those questions which expected to includes in contribution.Planning and direction - Is the management and identifying the need for data to delivering.collection- Its a collection of information needed to produce intelligence.processing- Working of data processing
analysis and production- It includes analysis of data and preparing for intelligence product.The intelligence collection process and the intelligence analytic process not only operate.They are independent from each other which is a major problem. It helps
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If a person moved from boston to miami, how would the normal pattern of adh secretion be altered? Could a person prepare to move to a new climate by chemically altering adh release?
Boston is colder than Miami.
Therefore, more water is lost in the form of sweat in summer than in winter. In the summer, your body becomes dehydrated, releasing more ADH in your body.
ADH Syndrome of antidiuretic hormone or vasopressin is synthesized by the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary gland to maintain blood osmolality. It increases the reabsorption of water from the kidney nephrons.
Therefore, in a cold environment like Boston, ADH will be low and will increase significantly in Miami.
Several chemicals change ADH levels.
Drugs that raise ADH levels include vasotrict and vasopressin.
Drugs that lower ADH includes alcohol.
Therefore, some chemicals can affect ADH levels in the blood.
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Which of the bulk minerals has the highest recommended dietary allowance (rda), at 4700 mg?
Potassium iss the bulk minerals has the highest recommended dietary allowance (rda), at 4700 mg.
What is potassium and how does it affect diet?
All body tissues require potassium, which is an essential mineral. Because it carries a little electrical charge that triggers a variety of cell and neuron activities, it is occasionally referred to as an electrolyte. Potassium can be obtained as a supplement or naturally in many foods. Its primary function in the body is to support the maintenance of regular fluid levels inside our cells.
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Potassium is one of the bulk minerals that have the highest recommended dietary allowance (RDA), at 4700 mg.
Recommended dietary allowance of PotassiumThe most common intracellular cation, potassium, is the most important nutrient and is naturally found in a variety of foods as well as being sold as a dietary supplement.Due to its function in maintaining the volume of intracellular fluid and transmembrane electrochemical gradients, potassium is present in all bodily tissues and is necessary for normal cell function.To maintain its regular intracellular and extracellular quantities, about 90% of the potassium that is consumed is absorbed and utilized.The Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA), which is the average daily intake of nutrients necessary to cover the needs of virtually all (97–98%) healthy people, is frequently used to create dietary plans for individuals that are nutrient sufficient.The recommended daily amount (RDA) for potassium is 4700 mg, which makes it one of the bulk minerals with the highest RDA.To learn more about Recommended dietary allowance refer to:
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Which mechanism contributes to the long-term enhancement of the gill withdrawal reflex in Aplysia but is not involved in the short-term enhancement of the reflex
Activation of G-protein coupled receptors contribute to the long-term enhancement of the gill withdrawal reflex in Aplysia but is not involved in the short-term enhancement of the reflex.
The gill and siphon withdrawal reflex (GSWR) of the sea hare Aplysia californica, also known as a giant shell-less sea snail or sea slug, is an involuntary defence response that the sea hare does automatically. When the animal is startled, this response causes the sea hare's sensitive siphon and gill to retract, protecting them from further damage. Because of the ease of use and fairly large size of the underlying neuronal circuitry, the species Aplysia californica is utilized in the field of neuroscience research for the purpose of investigating the cellular basis of behaviour, such as habituation, dishabituation, and sensitization.
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Which nerve (indicated by the red arrow) emerging from the cervical plexus provides innervation to the diaphragm?
The nerve that provides innervation to the diaphragm which emerges from the cervical plexus is the phrenic nerve.
What is a nerve?A nerve is the structure of the nervous system of the body that transfers information as an electrical impulse from various parts of the body.
Various organs of the body are being supplied or innervated by a particular type of nerve.
The cervical plexus is a nerve structure that is located at the head and neck region of the body.
An extension form this plexus is the phrenic nerve which supplies to the diaphragm.
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Carbohydrates are used by the body primarily for?
Answer:
Glucose
Explanation:
Glucose is the main sugar found in your blood. It comes from the food you eat, and is your body's main source of energy. Your blood carries glucose to all of your body's cells to use for energy.
It is often desirable to express eukaryotic genes in bacteria, which can make a protein of interest quickly and cheaply. What is TRUE about this kind of genetic transformation
The expressed gene must be incorporated into the bacterial chromosome, but its promoter region should be replaced with a bacterial promoter.
What about bacterial chromosome?The term "nucleoid" refers to a bacterial chromosome. It has genetic material inside and is a strange shape. It may also be known as a genophore.Both transcriptional activators and repressors control gene expression in eukaryotic cells. Eukaryotic repressors bind to specific DNA sequences and prevent transcription, just like their prokaryotic counterparts.Since transcription and translation are physically distinct processes, eukaryotic gene expression is more complex than prokaryotic gene expression. Eukaryotic cells, as opposed to prokaryotic cells, have a wide range of levels at which they can control gene expression.While transcription and translation can both happen at the same time in bacteria, in eukaryotes, transcription takes place in the nucleus and translation happens in the cytoplasm.
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Disclaimer: The question was given incomplete on the portal. Here is the complete question.
Question: It is often desirable to express eukaryotic genes in bacteria, which can make a protein of interest quickly and cheaply. What is TRUE about this kind of genetic transformation?
a. The expressed gene and the genes for all of its regulatory elements must be incorporated into the bacterial chromosome.
b. Only polycistronic genes are capable of being expressed in a bacteria.
c. The expressed gene and the gene for RNA Polymerase II must both be incorporated into the bacterial genome.
d. Only the transcribed region of the gene should be incorporated into the bacterial genome. No promoter is necessary to transcribe a transformed gene.
e. The expressed gene must be incorporated into the bacterial chromosome, but its promoter region should be replaced with a bacterial promoter.
Neurons in the somatosensory cortex receive somatic sensory information from ______.
Neurons in the somatosensory cortex receive somatic sensory information from Efferent neurons.
The somatosensory cortex gets tactile records from the body, along with sensations such as contact, pressure, temperature, and ache. This sensory records is then carried to the brain thru neural pathways to the spinal wire, brainstem, and thalamus.
The number one somatosensory vicinity of the human cortex is placed within the postcentral gyrus of the parietal lobe. The postcentral gyrus is the place of the primary somatosensory vicinity, the vicinity of the cortex dedicated to the processing of touch information.
Sensory receptors are categorized into five classes: mechanoreceptors, thermoreceptors, proprioceptors, ache receptors, and chemoreceptors.
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Neurons in the somatosensory cortex receive somatic sensory information from Afferent neurons.
Afferent Neurons or Sensory Neurons receive information from the sensory neurons to the somatosensory cortex.
The somatosensory cortex gets tactile records from the body. Along with sensations such as pressure and temperature.
The sensory records is carried to the brain through neural pathways to the spinal cord and deep brain.
The number one somatosensory vicinity of the human cortex is placed within the postcentral gyrus of the parietal lobe. The postcentral gyrus is the place of the primary somatosensory vicinity, the vicinity of the cortex dedicated to the processing of touch information.
Sensory receptors are of following types:
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Why is it important to homeostatically regulate csf composition independently of the blood?
It is very important to regulate homeostatically Cerebrospinal fluid composition because neurons are not like other cells they requires a unique environment to sustain its function properly. This homeostatic regulation also protects neurons from blood-borne proteins, cells and toxic factors.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is found in the subarachnoid space that surrounds the brain and spine and ventricles (Shaft-like spaces inside of the brain). The purpose of CSF is to provide nutrients, remove waste, and cushion the brain and spine. It is also important to drain CSF properly as pressure like hydrocephalus results from the gradual blockage of the CSF-draining pathways in the brain, that results in blockage of ventricles thus compressing the brain within and eventually damaging or destroying the brain tissue.
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At the end of the pre-cook and finish cook times, bone-in wings should be drained for:____________.
At the end of the pre-cook and finish cook times, bone-in wings should be drained for:____________.
15 seconds.
This time period is allowed so that the liquid in the bones in the chicken would be removed so the bone-in wings would be more tender.
What is Chicken?This refers to the type of meat that is considered a healthy source of protein and is referred to as "white meat" and is made from the body of a fowl or hen.
Hence, we can see that the time period that is allowed at the end of the pre-cook and finish cook times for the bone-in wings is 15 seconds.
This is done in order to let the chicken wings to become more tender as the liquid is drained away from it.
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What does the test of unsaturation reveal about the structural biology of lipids?
Fatty acids that have an extra quantity of double bonds (decrease degree of saturation) would require more testing answers than people with decreased numbers of double bonds.
Unsaturated fat, which is liquid at room temperature, is considered useful fat because they are able to improve blood levels of cholesterol, ease irritation, stabilize heart rhythms, and play some different user roles.
To check for the presence of lipids, you'll carry out the emulsion test. To do this, you are taking the pattern and mixing it with the same volumes of ethanol and water accompanied by shaking. A cloudy white emulsion will shape if lipids are present. If lipids are absent, no emulsion will shape.
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What is the process in which homologues align gene by gene in preparation for crossing over?
In synapsis, the genes on the chromatids of the homologous chromosomes are aligned precisely with each other. The synaptonemal complex supports the exchange of chromosomal segments between non-sister homologous chromatids, a process called crossing over.
During meiosis, an event called chromosomal crossing over from time to time occurs as a part of recombination. In this procedure, a place of 1 chromosome is exchanged for the vicinity of every other chromosome, thereby generating precise chromosomal mixtures that divide into haploid daughter cells.
Subsequently, the pairs of homologous chromosomes in anaphase I separate into extraordinary daughter cells. Earlier than the pairs can separate, the crossovers between chromosomes must be resolved and meiosis-unique cohesins need to be launched from the arms of the sister chromatids.
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The smooth layer of firm fibrous tissue covering the contacting surface of joints is called:______
Periosteum is smooth layer of firm fibrous tissue covering the contacting surface of joints.
Periosteum is made up of inner cellular layer and outer fibrous layer. The outer layer is composed mostly of collagen and contains nerve fibers that cause pain when the tissue is damaged. Periosteum covers almost your entire bone . It help bone by suppling blood and help them in heal and grow properly. Periosteum help in repairing of bone in case they are damaged .
Periosteum major function is to provide a source of osteocytes/chondrocytes that differentiate from pluripotent undifferentiated mesenchymal cells. They help in scaffolding for the proliferation of osteocytes/chondrocytes. They are rich source of growth factors.
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Asynchronous development of hematopoietic cells within the bone marrow is the result of:________.
Asynchronous development of hematopoietic cells within the bone marrow is the result of decreased cellularity of hematopoietic precursors in the bone marrow.
Hematopoietic stem cells are found in the peripheral blood and the bone marrow. Also called blood stem cell.
These cells begins as an unspecialized stem cell. This stem cell multiplies, and some of these new cells transform into precursor cells(Asynchronous).
After birth, and during early childhood, hematopoiesis occurs in the red marrow of the bone, with age, hematopoiesis becomes restricted to the skull, sternum, ribs, vertebrae, and pelvis.
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Which part of the nephron receives fluid directly from the glomerular capsular space?
The proximal tubule is the segment of the nephron in kidneys which begins from the renal pole of the Bowman's capsule to the beginning of loop of Henle. The glomerulus is the site in the nephron where fluid and solutes are filtered out of the blood to form a glomerular filtrate. The proximal and distal tubules, the loop of Henle, and the collecting ducts are sites for the reabsorption of water and ions. Fluid and small solutes are forced under pressure to flow from the glomerulus into the capsular space of the glomerular capsule.
Reabsorption as this filtrate passes through the tubules, specific substances are reabsorbed back into the blood of the peritubular capillaries. Bowman's capsule surrounds the glomerular capillary loops and participates in the filtration of blood from the glomerular capillaries.
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A type of selection that exists between certain inherited conditions and environmental pressures, such as between sickle cell anemia and malaria, that stabilizes the frequency of both alleles is called
Natural selection is a type of selection that exists between certain inherited conditions and environmental pressures.
How does malaria and sickle cell anemia show natural selection?The process through which populations of living things adapt and change is known as natural selection. A population's members are naturally varied, which means that they are all distinctive in some ways. This variety indicates that some people have characteristics that are more environment-appropriate than others. Natural selection is a non-random difference in reproductive output among replicating entities.
It turns out that HbS carriers have been naturally chosen in these regions because the trait gives some malaria resistance. When they are infected with the malaria parasite, their red blood cells, which include some aberrant hemoglobin, have a propensity to sickle. The malaria life cycle intensifies both natural selection and random genetic drift.
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Cardiac triggering monitors cardiac motion by coordinating the rf excitation pulse with the ______ wave of cardiac systole.
Cardiac triggering monitors cardiac motion by coordinating the rf excitation pulse with the R-wave of cardiac systole.
What is the function of the heart monitor?A heart monitor is useful for measuring the rate of your beats per minute, especially if you do some physical activity. Continuous monitoring during practice helps to manage the functioning of the organism, visualizing when the heart beats increase and decrease
Through the electrocardiogram (ECG), the multi-parameter vital signs monitor follows the patient's heartbeat, which are captured through the ECG cable that is connected to some points on the patient's chest.
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The common ancestors of birds and mammals were very early (stem) reptiles, which almost certainly possessed 3-chambered hearts. Birds and mammals, however, are alike in having 4-chambered hearts. The 4 chambered hearts of birds and mammals are best described as
The common ancestors of birds and mammals were very early (stem) reptiles, which almost certainly possessed 3-chambered hearts. Birds and mammals, however, are alike in having 4-chambered hearts. The 4 chambered hearts of birds and mammals are best described as homoplasies.
What about homoplasies?It is more frequently a modified version of an inherited characteristic. For instance, the scales that were already present in its reptilian parent led to the evolution of feathers in birds. Similar to reptiles, mammals developed fur from their predecessors' scales. The same set of data can typically yield more than one potential cladogram.Different species of legged lizards developed into snakes and lizards with limbless bodies.Natural selection does not affect a sizable number of mutations.They came to the conclusion that reptiles, birds, and mammals all descended from the same ancient reptilian progenitor.
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Plants known as Angiosperms first appeared in the Cretaceous and are characterized as having ____________.
Which one of the following is an advantage of having production facilities to manufacture athletic footwear in all four geographic regions
Increased ability to lower expenditures for shipping/freight costs from the company's production operations to distribution centers in the various regions is the advantage of having production facilities to manufacture athletic footwear in all four geographic regions.
What is Manufacturing?This is the process in which goods are created and involves the processing of raw materials into finished products through the use of labor and other forms of technology thereby making it easier.
Having production facilities in the four geographic regions means that it needs to ship fewer pairs of footwear from production facilities in one region to distribution centers in a different region from time to time. This is because running out of stock in one location will require appropriate distribution of the footwear to those areas.
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What type of organism harvests energy to build organic molecules that support animals, fungi, and all the other levels of a food web
Primary producer type of organism harvests energy to build organic molecules that support animals, fungi, and all the other levels of a food web.
What is primary producer?The only organisms that can harvest energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to create food are plants, some algae, and specific bacteria.With some plants releasing seeds that only germinate after a fierce fire, the chaparral vegetation is predominately made up of shrubs and is adapted to recurrent fires.Autotrophs include algae, plants, certain bacteria, and fungi. Autotrophs are the food chain's producers because they make their own energy and nutrients. Like the majority of autotrophs, kelp produces energy through a process known as photosynthesis.All fungi are heterotrophic, which means they draw their energy from other living things.Learn more about organism here:
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The ______________produces gastrin that activates secretion of hcl and pepsinogen within itself.
Stomach
The stomach produces gastrin that activates the secretion of HCl and pepsinogen within itself.
What is the role of stomach in digestion?The esophagus transports food to the stomach. Once there, the stomach aids in food digestion through muscle contractions and chemical enzymes.
The stomach is made up of three layers: an outward longitudinal layer that mechanically breaks down food, a center circular layer, and an oblique layer.
Food is further broken down by acids like hydrochloric acid creating a fluid called chyme. By secreting stomach acids, a network of cells, including parietal cells, chief cells, G-cells, mucous neck cells, and D-cells, aid in the chemical digestion of food.
Food can also be stored in the stomach until it is digested further down the digestive system.
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Anthrax is characterized by all of the following except: a. cutaneous is the most common form b. respiratory anthrax has the least mortality rate c. causative is Bacillus anthracis d. diagnosed by cultured blood or smears from cutaneous lesions
b. respiratory anthrax has the least mortality rate .
What is anthrax infection?Anthrax is a serious infectious disease caused by gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria known as Bacillus anthracis. Animals both domestic and wild are frequently impacted worldwide by this natural occurrence in soil. If people come into contact with diseased animals or contaminated animal products, they could become ill with anthrax.
The most harmful effects of anthrax include damage to numerous organ systems as a result of your body's inability to respond to infection correctly (sepsis) inflammation of the fluid and membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord, which can cause fatal hemorrhagic meningitis and severe bleeding. Some anthrax infections occur when people breathe in the spores of the bacteria.
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What is an interneuronâs effect on its effector organ?
a. it doesnât attach to organs.
b. it can excite or inhibit.
c. it neither excites or inhibits.
d. it always inhibits.
e. it always excites.
Intraneuronal effect on its effector organ is that it can excite or inhibit.
Some interneurons receive recurrent collaterals from axons (e.g., LMN axons) and project back onto the dendrites or cell body of origin of that axon, usually inhibiting that neuron. This process can help to regulate the excitability and timing of excitation of the target neurons.
The excitability of an interneuron network is bidirectionally controlled by distinct epochs of activity in principal cells. Examples of excitatory neurotransmitters include glutamate, epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Inhibitory neurotransmitters block or prevent the chemical message from being passed along any farther. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine and serotonin are examples of inhibitory neurotransmitters.
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