Fuel combustion generates gases that combine with oxygen in the air and water vapor to make acids that eventually fall as rain on the earth's surface. Acid rain is one of the consequences of air pollution.
What is acid rain ?
Acid rain is the result of a chemical process that starts when gases like sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides are discharged into the atmosphere. These substances have the ability to ascend very far into the sky, where they combine and react with oxygen, water, and other chemicals.
Due to air pollutants, the excessive levels of sulphur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide emitted by cars and manufacturing operations, acid rain is made up of highly acidic water droplets.
Thus, Acid rain is one of the consequences of air pollution.
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What mass, in grams, of oxygen must be burned to release 267 kJ of heat?
CH4 (g) + 2 O2 (g) --> CO2 (g) + 2 H2O (g) ∆Hrxn = ‒802.3 kJ/mol
If 263802 if 263 kJ are produced. Methane was burned in an amount of 3 kJkJ mol. Thus, approximately 5–6 g, or more than 1/4 mole, of methane was burned.
What is Mass Burning Rate?The pace at which mass is lost as a result of fuel combustion is known as the mass-burning rate. The rate of change in temperature from the fuel surface toward the flame can also be used to describe the temperature gradient at the fuel surface.
The product of the density of the unburned gas, the flame speed of the unburned gas, and the surface area of the flame front determines the mass burning rate of the unburned air-fuel-burned gas mixture inside the combustion chamber of an engine.
How to Calculate the Mass Burning Rate?The product of the density of the unburned gas, the flame speed of the unburned gas, and the surface area of the flame front determines the mass burning rate of the unburned air-fuel-burned gas mixture inside the combustion chamber of an engine.
ExplanationCombustion of methane, which you have kindly provided
CH4(g)+2O2(g)→CO2(g)+2H2O(g) ;ΔH=−802.3kJmol−1
As written, the enthalpy change is given per mole of reaction. That is, the exact amount of energy produced by burning 1 mol of methane to produce stoichiometric amounts of carbon dioxide and water vapour is 802.3 k J. In order to treat the energy as a product, I may write the reaction in this manner.:
CH4(g)+2O2(g)→CO2(g)+2H2O(g)+802.3 kJ.
o if 263 kJ are generated then
263kJ/ 802.3 kJ * 1⋅mol
methane were combusted. So this is something more than 1/4 a mole of methane combusted, approx. 5-6 g.
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In the redox conversion of SO3 to SO-, S is ? (Oxidation or Reduction) and it's oxidation number goes from ? to?
In the redox conversion of SO₃ to SO⁻, S undergoes reduction and it's oxidation number goes from +6 to +1.
What is the oxidation number of elements?The number of electrons an atom or ion has either gained or lost in comparison to the neutral atom is known as the oxidation number or state of the atom or ion.
Group I, 2, and 3 electropositive metal atoms lose a certain number of electrons, and their positive oxidation numbers remain constant.
During a reduction reaction, the oxidation number of the element that undergoes reduction decreases.
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Examine your graph. Find atomic numbers #1, 3, 11, and 19 that correspond to the elements in Group 1. What happens to electronegativity as you move down the group 1 elements?
Hydrogen (H), Lithium (Li), Sodium (Na), Potassium (K) (the atomic numbers mentioned)
The electronegativity decreases as you move down the group 1 elements.
What do you mean by electronegativity?
Electronegativity basically is a measure of an atom's ability to attract electrons when it is part of a chemical bond. It is the tendency of an atom to attract the electrons in a chemical bond towards itself. Electronegativity is related to a number of different other physical and chemical properties, including acidity, reactivity, and also bond strength.
The element hydrogen has an electronegativity of 2.2, lithium has an electronegativity of 0.98, sodium has an electronegativity of 0.93, and potassium has an electronegativity of 0.82 respectively.
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How many atoms of carbon are in CH4?
On observing the structure of CH4 we can say that there is one carbon atom in CH4 (methane).
Methane is a chemical that has the molecular formula CH4. The most basic alkane and the major component of natural gas, which is also used as fuel, is a group-14 hydride. Methane has one carbon atom and four hydrogen atoms bonded to the carbon center in a tetrahedral arrangement, making up a single isolated molecule with the formula CH4. The simplest alkane without a doubt, methane is one of the most basic organic molecules. Four additional atoms or molecules must be bonded to the carbon atom because of its quadro-valency. Thus, the basic alkane methane has 4 hydrogen atoms bonded to 1 carbon atom per molecule.
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What is shielding and Deshielding of protons?
The conclusion would be that shielded protons accept radiation at higher frequencies, whereas deshielded protons absorb at lower frequencies (frequency).
The electrons surrounding the proton generate a magnetic field which is diametrically opposed to the applied field. The electrons were considered to protect the proton since this lessens the field experienced at the nucleus.
When the electron density from around nucleus was high in NMR, the opposing magnetic field towards electrons was similarly high, providing significant shielding. When the electron density surrounding the nucleus decreases, the magnetic field resisting it decreases, and the nucleus feels more than just the external magnetic field.
The conclusion would be that shielded protons accept radiation at higher frequencies, whereas deshelled protons absorb at lower frequencies (frequency).
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dont have a question
if you needed to produce 10.7 moles of water, how many grams of glucose would be needed?
If you needed to produce 10.7 moles of water, 1927.7 g of glucose, C6H12O6 is needed for the preparation of the solution.
What is mole ?The term mole is defined as one mole of any substance is exactly equal to its atomic mass or molecular mass. It is expressed in grams. The symbol of mole is represented by mol.
1 mole = 6.023 X 10²³
Molar mass of C6H12O6 = 180.16 g/mol
Mole of C6H12O6 = 10.7 mole
Mass of C6H12O6 =.?
Mole = mass / molar mass
10.7 = mass of C6H12O6 / 180.16
Now, Cross multiply
Mass of C6H12O6 = 10.7 × 180.16
Mass of C6H12O6 = 1927.7 g
Thus, 1927.7 g of glucose, C6H12O6 is needed for the preparation of the solution.
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In aqueous solutions, which type of bond or force has similar bond strength as ionic bond interactions?a) Polar covalent bondb) Hydrophobic clusteringc) Hydrogen bondsd) Nonpolar covalent bond
c) Hydrogen bonds have similar bond strength as ionic bond interactions in aqueous solutions.
Key points:
Hydrogen bonds are formed by the interaction between a hydrogen atom and a highly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen.These bonds are relatively weak, with a bond energy of about 5-10% of that of covalent bonds.They are present in aqueous solutions and play a key role in the stability of water molecules and in the interactions between water molecules and other polar molecules.In aqueous solutions, hydrogen bonds are relatively stronger than dipole-dipole interactions, weaker than covalent bonds, and much weaker than ionic bonds, but stronger than London Dispersion forces.They are responsible for the properties of water, such as its high boiling point, high surface tension, and high heat of vaporization.They contribute to the stability of macromolecules such as proteins and nucleic acids and play a role in the specificity of enzyme-substrate interactions and the folding of proteins.Learn more about hydrogen bonds here:
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How do you name ionic compounds with oxygen?
We use ite and ate when named ionic compounds with oxygen.
Ionic compound names applying -ite and -ate
When an element creates two oxyanions, the name of the one with less oxygen ends in -ite, and the name of the one with more oxygen ends in -ate. For illustration, KNO2 stands for potassium nitrite and KNO3 for potassium nitrate. Cations (positive ions) and anions(negative ions)make up ionic compounds.The names of the component ions serve as the basis for the nomenclature or naming of ionic compounds. Ionic compound names always place the positively charged cation before the negatively charged anion. names of ionic compounds ending in -ite and -ate. Some polyatomic anions contain oxygen. These anions are referred to as oxyanions. The names of the two oxyanions that an element forms end in -ite and -ate, respectively, depending on how much oxygen is present in each. An illustration of a nitrite is KNO2. Nitrite, NO2 nitrate (NO3) sulfite (SO32) sulphate (SO42) sulphate.
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uv-vis spectroscopy is used to measure the concentration of molecules in a dilute solution. it relies on the ability of certain molecules to absorb light. the part of a molecule that can absorb uv-vis light is called a
UV-visible spectroscopy used to measure the concentration of the molecules in a dilute solution. The part of the molecule that can absorb uv-visible light is called as chromophores.
UV-visible spectroscopy used to measure the concentration of the molecules in a dilute solution. The part of the molecule that can absorb uv-visible light is called as chromophores. The absorption of the UV - visible radiation in the organic molecules is restricted for some molecules that contains the valence electrons of low energy.
The chromophore is the region in the molecule in which the difference in the energy between the two molecular orbitals comes in the range of the visible spectrum.
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How many mole is carbon?
Basically a Carbon having Atomic mass of 12g is known to have 1 Mole.
What do you understand by Carbon?Chemical element carbon has the atomic number six and the letter C assigned to it as its Symbol. It has a tetravalent atom, which means that four of its electrons can be used to create covalent chemical bonds. It is nonmetallic. The carbon is included in the Periodic Table's group 14. The Earth's crust contains 0.025 percent carbon.
Carbon has Following Specifications:
Atomic weight: 612.011 u Atomic mass, 2, 4 electrons per shell[He] 2s22p2 electron configuration3,550 °C is the melting point.to know more about Carbon visit:
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Predict the product(s) of this reaction: (Don't worry about balancing)
Cu + Cl2
Explanation:
cu+cl2........Cucl2
this is answer also balanced
How much energy is released when 1 mol of CH4 is burned in air?
The amount of the energy is released when the 1 mole of the methane CH₄ is the burned in the air is 890 kJ /mol.
The combustion reaction is given as :
CH₄ + 2O₂ ----> CO₂ + H₂O
The mole of the methane , CH₄ = 1 mole
The molar mass of the methane , CH₄ = 16 g/mol
The amount of the energy is released when the 1 mole of the methane CH₄, is completely burned is the 890 kJ/mol. Th energy is released to the surroundings.
When the methane gas is combusted , the heat is released and the the reaction is exothermic reaction.
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when molten material freezes so quickly that the atoms do not have sufficient time to produce an orderly arrangement, the resulting material is what
When molten material freezes quickly, the atoms do not have sufficient time to arrange themselves in an orderly crystal structure, and the resulting material is called an amorphous solid, also known as a non-crystalline solid.
Unlike crystalline solids, which have a repeating, ordered structure, amorphous solids do not have long-range order and have a disordered atomic structure. They can be found in a wide range of materials, such as glass, plastic, and some ceramics. Some examples of amorphous solids include window glass, which is formed by rapidly cooling molten silica, and some types of plastic, which are formed by rapidly cooling molten polymer. These materials have unique properties compared to crystalline solids, such as lower thermal conductivity, higher resistance to impact and compression, and a lack of cleavage planes, which makes them more difficult to break.
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how many moles of sodium hydroxide are needed to completely neutralize 50 ml of a 0.2 m solution of hcl?
0.01 moles of sodium hydroxide are needed to completely neutralize 50 ml of a 0.2 m solution of HCl.
In order to calculate the amount of sodium hydroxide needed to completely neutralize 50 ml of a 0.2 m solution of HCl, we need to determine the number of moles of HCl present in the solution. To do this, we will use the following formula:
Moles of HCl = Concentration of HCl (mol/L) x Volume of HCl (L)
In this case, the concentration of HCl is 0.2 mol/L and the volume of HCl is 0.05 L (50 ml is equivalent to 0.05 L).
Therefore, the number of moles of HCl in the solution is 0.2 mol/L x 0.05 L = 0.01 mol.
Since sodium hydroxide reacts with HCl in a 1:1 ratio, the amount of sodium hydroxide needed to completely neutralize the HCl is equal to 0.01 mol.
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What type of bond is O2?
O₂ has a covalent bond between them.
O₂ is a covalent molecule because each oxygen atom needs two valence electrons to complete its octet. To meet this need, each oxygen atom shares two of its electrons with the other oxygen forming a strong oxygen-oxygen double shared covalent bond. covalent bond is formed when the two atoms share their electrons rather than properly transferring them like in ionic bonds. covalent bonds can be broken by giving a particular amount of heat. covalent bonds are weaker than ionic bonds but they are also strong than van der wall force. covalent bonds comes in the second number after the other atom. oxygen gas has the covalent double bond between them because they share electrons between them and they covalent force attraction between them. hence we can see that O₂ has covalent bonds between them.
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Writing chemical formulas cross cross method worksheet
Please help ASAP.
The chemical formulas cross method worksheet are listed below in the answer.
What are chemical formulas?A chemical formula lists the constituent components of a compound together with how many atoms of each are present in the complex's smallest unit, whether it be a molecule or a formula unit. We can name simple compounds based on their chemical formulas by using the names of the elements and a few simple criteria.
What is cation?Cations are positive-charged ion particles. Atoms or molecules that are ionic are charged. If an electron or more are lost from a balanced atom, it will change into a positively charged cation. When a balanced atom gains one or more electrons, an anion, a negatively charged atom, forms.
1. Na₂so₄
4. Kcl, , , K₃PO₄, KNO₃, K₂SO4
5. Mg₂Cl₂, Mg₃ (Po₄)₂, Mg₃ (No₂)₂, Mgso₄
6. AlCl₃, AlPo₄, Al (No₃)₃, Al₂(so₄)₃
7. HCl, H₃PO₄, HNO₃, H₂SO₄
8. FeCl₂, Fe(PO₄)₂, Fe(NO₃)₂, FeSo₄
The chemical formulas cross cross method worksheet are listed above.
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What part of the plant takes up water and nutrients from the soil?
Answer:
the stem
Explanation:
yjsbsksvznzbfb
10 ml is drawn from 0. 1 m solution of kcl and added to 990 ml of water. What is the new concentration?.
Answer:
Explanation:To determine the new concentration we use the following formula.
concentration (1) × volume (1) = concentration (2) × volume (2)
concentration (1) = 0.1 M
volume (1) = 100 mL
concentration (2) = unknown
volume (2) = 100 mL + 900 mL = 1000 mL
concentration (2) = [concentration (1) × volume (1)] / volume (2)
concentration (2) = (0.1 × 100) / 1000 = 0.01 M
This formula equation is unbalanced.
Pb(NO3)2(aq) + Li₂SO4(aq) → PbSO4(s) + LINO3(aq)
Which coefficient should appear in front of LINO3 in the balanced equation?
1
2
3
4
The coefficient 2 should appear in front of LINO3 in the balanced equation.
What is a coefficient?
A coefficient is a number that is placed in front of a chemical formula to indicate the ratio of molecules or atoms in a compound. For example, in the equation 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O, the coefficient 2 in front of the H2 indicates that two molecules of hydrogen are needed to combine with one molecule of oxygen to form two molecules of water.
There are two Li and two NO3 on the left side of the equation. To balance the equation on the right, we should add a coefficient 2 to get 2Li (NO3)
Pb(NO3)2(aq) + Li2SO4(aq)--> PbSO4(s) + 2LiNO3(aq).
Hence, option B is correct.
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A molecular biologist measures the mass of cofactor A in an average yeast cell. The mass is 33.9pg. What is the tota mass in micrograms of cofactor A in a yeast colony containing 10 cells?
The total mass in micrograms of cofactor A in a yeast colony containing 10 cells is 3.39 micrograms.
What is yeast colony?Colonies with typical morphologies and organizational structures are formed by yeast cells growing on solid surfaces. During the formation of a colony, yeast cells differentiate and divide into specialized cell subpopulations that are located in specific areas of the structure and carry out specific functions.
They might appear as more raised than staphylococcal colonies, small, creamy or white colonies. Observing pasty, yellow-white colonies with "feet" extending from the margins into the surrounding agar can lead to a preliminary identification of Candida albicans.
In 10⁵ cells you will have,
33.9pg×10⁵ = 3.39×10⁶
1 pg equals to 10⁻⁶ micrograms, so in cells you will have,
1 pg ----- 10⁻⁶ micrograms
3.39×10⁶ pg ----- x
x = 3.39 micrograms.
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The ion 24Mg+2 has _____ protons, _____ neutrons and _____ electrons
Answer:
The ion 24Mg+2 has 12 protons, 12 neutrons and 10 electrons.
Explanation:
The number of protons in an atom determines the element it belongs to. Magnesium has an atomic number of 12, which means it has 12 protons in its nucleus.
The number of neutrons in an atom is determined by the number of protons and the element's atomic mass. Magnesium has an atomic mass of 24, which means it has 12 neutrons in its nucleus.
The number of electrons in an ion is determined by its charge. In this case, 24Mg+2 is a cation, which means it has lost 2 electrons. This means that it has 10 electrons in its outer shell.
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Time Left: Time Exceeded
Time Limit: 0:25:00
Kelly Espinoza Gonzalez: Attempt 1
How many atoms of gold (Au) are in 4 moles of gold?
2.408 x 1024 atoms of Au
4 atoms of Au
261.6 atoms of Au
6.02 x 1023 atoms of Au
There are 2.408 * 10²⁴ atoms in 4 moles of gold by using Avogadro's Number.
What is 1 mole ?The quantity (10) of substance having 6.02214 *10²³ particles is known as a mole. 6.02214*10²³ particles make up one mole. Avogadro's number is another name for this number. Keep in mind that a mole is defined as a quantity of stuff.
The term "mole" refers to the quantity of a material that includes the same number of elementary particles (ions, molecules, or atoms) as there are atoms in 12 g of carbon-12.
It offers a precise count of atoms or molecules in a large sample of materials.
1 mole of gold contains 6.022 * 10²³ atoms
4 moles of gold contains 4 * 6.022 * 10²³ = 2.408 * 10²⁴ atoms
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This element in pyrite contributes to acid mine drainage.
a. pH paste
b. Sulfur
c. hydrochloric acid
d. strong acid
The Correct answer is Option B) Sulfur. This is the element in pyrite that contributes to acid mine drainage.
What is Sulfur?One ingredient that should never be ignored is sulphur(S). Group 16 of the periodic table is where Sulphur is located. It is obtained as a byproduct following the manufacturing of natural gas and is non-metal. It is a bright yellow colour and has a terrible smell (like rotten eggs). Sulfur has been consumed by people for a thousand years despite its apparent physical characteristics. Why? Considering that you might just come across it on the ground.
Sulfur is a straightforward element to locate both on the ground and in the periodic table. It occupies the sixteenth position, immediately below oxygen (O). Sulfur is typically found as crystal and has a yellowish color when it occurs naturally.
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Why is mineral an inorganic substance?
The mineral is an inorganic substance because it is not produced by living organisms and does not contain carbon-hydrogen bonds.
Key points:
Inorganic substances are not produced by living organisms, whereas organic substances are.Minerals do not contain carbon-hydrogen bonds, which are a defining characteristic of organic compounds.Minerals are typically formed through geological processes, such as crystallization from a liquid or solid state, precipitation from mineral-rich water, or the precipitation of minerals from aqueous solutions.Minerals can also be formed by inorganic chemical reactions like precipitation from mineral-rich water.While some organic compounds may be found in rocks and minerals, minerals are not considered organic compounds because they are not produced by living organisms, and do not contain carbon-hydrogen bonds.Learn more about minerals here:
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Can oxygen have ions?
When oxygen makes two bonds, it absorbs the electron density of other atoms to produce a negative two ion.
define electron density ?
The chance of an electron being present at an infinitesimal element of space around any particular place is measured in quantum chemistry as electron density or electronic density. It is a scalar number that is determined by three spatial variables and is commonly denoted as either or. The density is defined by the normalised N-electron wavefunction, which is dependent on 4N variables spatial and N spin coordinates. In contrast, the density modulo a phase component defines the wave function, forming the theoretical foundation of density functional theory.
According to quantum physics, the exact location of an electron on an atomic scale cannot be predicted due to the uncertainty principle, only the chance of its existing in a certain place.
When oxygen makes two bonds, it absorbs the electron density of other atoms to produce a negative two ion. Explanation: Of all elements, oxygen has the second greatest electronegativity. When Oxygen establishes a bond, it moves the bond's electron density closer to the Oxygen and away from the other element.
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What does it mean for an atom to be partially charged
The partial charge on a selected atom in a polar molecule because of variations in electronegativity.
Sometimes at some stage in bonding there may be an unequal sharing of electrons. This unequal sharing of electrons consequences in a partial tremendous fee and a partial terrible charge. Partial atomic or factor charges are used to symbolize the electrostatic capability round a molecule and the Coulomb interactions among those factor fees dominate the calculation of intermolecular interactions. The covalent bond among atoms with distinctive electronegative consequences in unequal sharing of electrons. This unequal sharing of electrons results in partly tremendous and partly terrible fees on the alternative ends of the bond.
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For the neutralization reaction below in which a strong base is reacted with a strong acid naoh hcl ⟶ h2o na cl- how many moles of sodium hydroxide are needed to completely neutralize 50 ml of a 0.2 m solution of hcl?
In order to find out the number of moles of NaOH that are needed to completely neutralize 50 ml of a 0.2 M solution of HCl, we can use the balanced equation for the neutralization reaction:
HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → H2O(l) + NaCl(aq)
The above balanced equation tells us that for every mole of HCl that reacts in the reaction, one mole of NaOH is required.
Now, to find out the number of moles of HCl that are present in 50 ml of 0.2 M solution, we can use the following formula:
molarity = moles of solute / litres of solution
Therefore, to find the number of moles of HCl that are present in 50 ml of 0.2 M solution:
moles of HCl = (0.2 mol/L) x (0.05 L)
= 0.01 mol
Hence, one mole of NaOH is required for each mole of HCl, 0.01 mol of NaOH is needed to neutralize 50 ml of a 0.2 M solution of HCl.
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What treatment should be used with a patient who has been burned by a dry chemical?
When a patient is burnt by a dry chemical, the burnt surface should be cleaned with a large amount of sterile water for about 20 minutes as a first aid.
In serious conditions, the patient should be rushed to the hospital immediately.
One such dry chemical causing burns is "dry lime", which is a strong and corrosive substance that reacts with water. It produces heat which subsequently causes thermal and chemical injuries.
In case of burns caused by dry lime, the burnt surface should be brushed off the patient gently and completely as soon as possible. Then, the contaminated area should be rinsed with large volumes of cold water.
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Is hydrogen and oxygen ionic or covalent bond?
Hydrogen and oxygen can form both ionic and covalent bonds, depending on the circumstances.
In an ionic bond, atoms transfer electrons to one another, resulting in positively and negatively charged ions. For example, when hydrogen gas (H2) is burned in the presence of oxygen gas (O2), the hydrogen atoms lose electrons and become positively charged ions (H+), while the oxygen atoms gain electrons and become negatively charged ions (O2-), forming water (H2O). This is an ionic bond between H+ and O2-.In a covalent bond, atoms share electrons in order to achieve a full outermost electron shell, which is more stable. For example, in the diatomic molecule H2, the two hydrogen atoms share electrons in order to complete their outermost electron shell. This is a covalent bond between the two H atoms. Similarly, in the diatomic molecule O2, the two oxygen atoms share electrons in order to complete their outermost electron shell.
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