CH3CH2OH can interact with other like molecules through, the correct option is (C). Dispersion forces, dipole-dipole, and hydrogen bonds
Dispersion forces, also known as London forces, are the weakest type of intermolecular force and are present in all molecules. They are caused by the temporary fluctuations of electron density in a molecule, which creates a temporary dipole. These temporary dipoles can interact with other temporary dipoles in nearby molecules, resulting in dispersion forces. Dipole-dipole interactions are a type of intermolecular force that occur between polar molecules. A polar molecule has a permanent dipole, or separation of charge, due to the unequal distribution of electrons. Dipole-dipole interactions occur when the positive end of one polar molecule interacts with the negative end of another polar molecule. CH3CH2OH is a polar molecule because of the presence of an oxygen atom which has a higher electronegativity than carbon and hydrogen atoms, so it can interact with other polar molecules through dipole-dipole interactions.
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If 15.0 liters of neon at 25.0 °C is allowed to expand to 45.0 liters, what must the new temperature be to maintain constant pressure?
The new temperature be to maintain constant pressure is 894.45 Kelvin
What must the new temperature be to maintain constant pressure?Volume of Neon, V1, equals 15 l; Temperature, T1, equals 25 °C; and Volume, V2, equals 45 l.
T2 new temperature to keep pressure constant
According to the Present Situation
The starting amount of neon, which is 15 litres at 25 degrees Celsius, is permitted to increase to 45 litres. In order to keep the pressure constant, we must determine the new temperature.
Charles Law is used.
V₁/T₁ = V₂/T₂
Replace with the value we obtain
15/298.15= 45/T₂
15/298.15 = 45/T₂
T₂ = 45×298.15/15
T₂ = 3×298.15
T₂ = 894.45 K
Therefore, 894.45 Kelvin is needed to maintain a constant pressure.
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A student described two properties of a substance as shown. Properties of Substance Property Description C A known mass of the substance gives off heat when it is burned. D A substance can be stretched out to become a long wire. Which of the following is true about the two properties described in the table? (5 points) Both are physical properties. Both are chemical properties. C is a chemical property and D is a physical property. C is a physical property and D is a chemical property.
The change in size is a physical property and and the heat evolution by burning is a chemical property. Hence, option c is correct.
What are physical properties ?Physical properties of a substance involves, change in state, size or shape. They does not involve formation of a new compound and thus does nit undergo breaking or making of chemical bonds.
A chemical change involves the breaking or making of chemical bonds results in the formation of a new product. The change in size of a material by stretching it is a physical change.
Burning a material involves breaking of bonds and the formation of ash and other side products. Hence, option c is correct. C is a chemical property and D is a physical property.
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What type of attractive force is the arrow pointing at in the molecule
The type of attractive force that the arrow is known to be pointing at in the molecule is option D. intramolecular force
What is intramolecular force about?The attracting or repellent interactions between atoms within a molecule are known as intramolecular forces. These forces keep the atoms of the molecule together. They comprise covalent, ionic, and metallic chemical linkages, among others.
Therefore, These bonds develop as a result of electron sharing or transfer between atoms. These intramolecular bonds, which are the forces that hold the atoms in the molecule together, are likely indicated by the arrow in the molecule.
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Electronegativity is tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of towards itself.AelectronsBprotonsCneutrons
Electronegativity is tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons towards itself., i.e., option A is the correct choice.
Electronegativity is a degree of an atom's cap potential to draw shared electrons to itself. On the periodic table, electronegativity commonly will increase as you flow from left to proper throughout a length and reduces as you flow down a group. It determines how the shared electrons are disbursed among the 2 atoms in a bond. The extra strongly an atom draws the electrons in its bonds, the bigger its electronegativity. The higher the value of the electronegativity, the more strongly that element attracts the shared electrons.
Thus, the correct option is A i.e., electrons.
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What is the main difference between protons and neutrons? Group of answer choices Protons make up the nucleus, but neutrons orbit around the nucleus. Protons have an electrical charge, but neutrons have no charge. Protons have a much smaller mass than neutrons. Protons have a much larger volume than neutrons.
Protons and neutrons are both subatomic particles that make up the nucleus of an atom. The main difference between the two is their electrical charge. Protons have a positive charge, while neutrons have no charge (they are neutral). The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is called the atomic number, and this number determines the element to which the atom belongs. The number of protons and neutrons together is called the atomic mass, which determines the isotope of an element.
Another difference is the mass, protons have a slightly less mass than neutrons. Protons have a mass of about 1 atomic mass unit (amu), while neutrons have a mass of about 1.008 amu.
In terms of their behavior and interactions, protons and neutrons also have different properties. Protons, because of their positive charge, are affected by electromagnetic forces, while neutrons are affected by the strong nuclear force. Because of this, protons are more likely to interact with other particles, while neutrons tend to remain in the nucleus.
In summary, protons and neutrons are both subatomic particles that make up the nucleus of an atom. The main difference between the two is their charge, protons are positively charged while neutrons are neutral. They also have different mass and behavior due to the forces that affect them.
alcoholic fermentation converts glucose (c6h12o6) into ethanol (c2h5oh) and carbon dioxide (co2). what mass of carbon dioxide can be formed from the alcoholic fermentation of 23.4 g of glucose
The mass of carbon dioxide can be formed from the alcoholic fermentation of 23.4 g of glucose is 4.68 g
Fermentation is the term for the process of digesting glucose when there is no oxygen present.
We must balance the compound's atoms and examine them before we can answer the question.
The glucose has the following molar mass:
C₆H₁₂O₆ = (12x6) + (1x12)+ (6x 16) = 180 g/mol
Then we can write the balance reaction
C₆H₁₂O₆(aq) ⇒ 2C₂H₅OH(l) + 2CO₂(g)
The mole ratio of glucose to ethanol after balancing the equation is 1:2.
We should find moles of glucose
moles glucose = mass/ mass molar
Moles glucose = 2.34 g/ 180 g/ mole
Moles glucose = 0.013 moles
We know that 1 moles of glucose produce 2 moles of carbon dioxide so, with unitary method we can determine the moles of carbon dioxide.
Moles of CO₂ = 2/1 x moles glucose
Moles of CO₂ = 2/1 x 0.013 moles = 0.026 moles
the we can calculate the mass of CO₂
Mass CO₂= moles x mass molar
Mass CO₂ = 0.026 moles x 180 g/ moles
Mass CO₂ = 4.68 g
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Look at the equations for the two reactions:
Reaction 1 CuCO₃(s) + 2HCl(aq) ⇒ CuCl₂(aq) + H₂O(l) + CO₂(g)
Reaction 2 CuO(s) + 2HCl(aq) ⇒ CuCl₂(aq) + H₂O(l)
Calculate the percentage atom economy for Reaction 2.
The atom economy of reaction 2 is 57.8%.
What is the atom economy?We have to note that the atom economy would have to do with the atoms that are utilized and the atoms that are not utilized in the process. We have to consider the left and the right hand sides of the reaction.
Mass of the desired product = 63.5 + 2(35.5) = 134.5
Mass of the reactants = 2(63.5 + 16) + 2(35.5 + 1) = 159 + 73 = 232
Then atom economy = Mass of atoms in desired product/Mass of atom in reactant * 100/1
= 134/232 * 100 = 57.8%
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How can we predict the structure of the isotopes and the most common ionic state for any given element?
An element's isotopic structure and most common ionic states can be predicted using its atomic number, electron configuration, and number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus.
Which atomic number is it?The number of electric charges in the nucleus of a chemical element is referred to as its atomic number.
This is the same as the number of protons found in the nucleus of each element's atom for normal atomic nuclei. Common chemical elements can be identified uniquely using atomic numbers.
The number of protons in an atom's nucleus or the number of electrons in an electrically neutral atom are the same as its atomic number. The number of protons is the atomic number.
The number of protons in a nucleus is commonly referred to as an atomic number. The element's identity is determined by the number of protons.
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A macromolecule that exists with backbone where the functional groups are the amine and the carboxylic acid: macromolecule that contains sugar, phosphate group and nitrogenous base:
The macromolecule that exists with a backbone where the functional groups are the amine and the carboxylic acid is a polypeptide.
The macromolecule that contains sugar, phosphate group and nitrogenous base is a nucleic acid, specifically DNA or RNA. A nitrogenous base is a nitrogen-containing compound that plays a critical role in the structure and function of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA. As in carboxylic acid and in DNA, the nitrogenous bases are adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G) and they form the base pairs that hold the two strands of DNA together. Adenine pairs with thymine (A-T) while guanine pairs with cytosine (G-C). These base pairs are held together by hydrogen bonds, which are relatively weak chemical bonds, but they provide the stability that is needed for the double helix structure of DNA. In RNA, the nitrogenous bases are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil (U) instead of thymine. Uracil pairs with adenine (U-A) and the other base pairs are the same as in DNA. The nitrogenous bases in RNA play a critical role in the genetic code, as the sequence of bases in the RNA molecule determines the sequence of amino acids in a protein. In addition to their role in nucleic acids, nitrogenous bases are also found in other biomolecules such as ATP, NAD and coenzyme A, which are all important for cellular metabolism.
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It takes the average high school swimmer 5 minutes and 30 seconds to swim 500 yards. How fast is an average swimmer moving in feet per second. Round your answer to 3 significant figures and express your answer in decimal form
4.55 feet/second rounded to 3 significant figures is 4.56 feet/second, fast is an average swimmer moving in feet per second.
To calculate the speed of the swimmer in feet per second, we need to know how many feet are in 500 yards and then divide that by the time it takes the swimmer to swim 500 yards.
1 yard = 3 feet
So, 500 yards = 500 * 3 = 1500 feet
Time = 5 minutes and 30 seconds = 5 * 60 + 30 = 330 seconds
To find the speed in feet per second, we divide the distance by the time:
Speed = 1500 feet / 330 seconds = 4.55 feet/second
To round the answer to 3 significant figures, we look at the fourth digit after the decimal point, which is 5. Since it is greater than or equal to 5, we will round up the third digit after the decimal point from 5 to 6.
So, the speed of an average high school swimmer is 4.55 feet/second rounded to 3 significant figures is 4.56 feet/second.
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What are the two things that the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram use to classified stars
The Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (HR diagram) uses two things to classify stars: their luminosity and their temperature.
Luminosity refers to the amount of energy a star emits per unit of time, while temperature refers to the surface temperature of a star, which can be determined by the star's color.
The HR diagram plots stars on a graph with luminosity on the y-axis and temperature (or color) on the x-axis. This allows scientists to study the different evolutionary stages of stars, and how their properties change over time.
The HR diagram is a powerful tool for understanding the life cycles of stars and the different types of stars that exist in the universe. It provides insight into the physical properties of stars, such as their temperatures, luminosities, and masses, and how these properties change over time.
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What is the ringed area outside of the nucleus of an atom (in this case with three rings) called?
Answer: The orbit of the electrons
calculating a molar heat of reaction from formation enthalpies
The sum of the standard enthalpies of formation of the products minus the sum of the standard enthalpies of formation of the reactants.
Define molar heat?
Molar heat capacity is defined as the amount of heat required to raise 1 mole of a substance by 1 degree Kelvin. Molar heat capacity is very similar to specific heat capacity but measures per mole instead of per gram of substance.The specific heat capacity of an object is the amount of energy that is required to raise the temperature of one gram of substance on one degree Celsius. The molar heat capacity is the amount of energy that is required to increase the temperature of one mole of substance by one degree Celsius.The molar heat of fusion of a substance is the heat absorbed by one mole of that substance as it is converted from a solid to a liquid. Since fusion and solidification of a given substance are the exact opposite proce20-Osses, the numerical value of the molarheat of fusion is the same.To learn more about enthalpies refers to:
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___this is the space surrounding the nucleus that has an overall negative charge
The electron cloud is the space surrounding the nucleus that has an overall negative charge.
In an atom, the negatively charged electrons are found in an electron cloud or electron shell, which surrounds the positively charged nucleus. This electron cloud can be thought of as a region of space in which electrons are likely to be found.
The electrons in the cloud are in constant motion and are not in specific orbits around the nucleus.
The overall charge of the electron cloud is negative because it contains negatively charged electrons. The negatively charged electrons balance out the positive charge of the nucleus.
The number of electrons in the electron cloud is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus, which means that the overall charge of the atom is neutral.
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an isotope of cesium-137 has a half-life of 30 years. if 35.0 mg of cesium-137 disintegrates over a period of 90 years, how many mg of cesium-137 would remain?
4.375 mg of cesium-137 would remain after 90 years.
Cesium-137 has a half-life of 30 years, so over a period of 90 years, it would have undergone 3 half-lives.
The number of remaining nuclei after n half-lives is given by:
N(t) = N(0) * (1/2)^n, where
N(t) is the number of nuclei remaining after time t N(0) is the initial number of nuclei n is the number of half-lives that have passed.Since the initial amount of cesium-137 is 35.0 mg and the number of half-lives is 3, we can calculate the remaining amount of cesium-137 as:
N(90) = 35.0 mg * (1/2)^3
= 35.0 mg * (1/8)
= 4.375 mg
So, 4.375 mg of cesium-137 would remain after 90 years.
Key points:
Cesium-137 is an isotope that has a half-life of 30 years.A half-life is the amount of time it takes for half of the nuclei in a sample to decay.After one half-life, the number of remaining nuclei is half of the initial number.After two half-lives, the number of remaining nuclei is a quarter of the initial number.And so on, the number of remaining nuclei after 'n' half-lives is (1/2)^n of the initial number.Learn more about half-life here:
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What’s the kinetic theory
The kinetic theory states that the forces between molecules and the energy that they possess.
What is kinetic theory ?The kinetic theory of matter helps to understand why matter exist in different stages i.e., solid, liquid and gases, and how matter can convert from one stage to another.
The assumption of kinetic theory is that the measurable characteristics of gases, liquids, and solids reflect the mixed actions of countless numbers of atoms and molecules.
Thus, The kinetic theory states that the forces between molecules and the energy that they possess.
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Lime obtained from limestone is an important ingredient in the manufacture of cement. Would the Cayuga Lake Basin be a good or poor location for a cement-making plant?
Answer:
good location
Explanation:
a major component of gasoline is octane . when liquid octane is burned in air it reacts with oxygen gas to produce carbon dioxide gas and water vapor. calculate the moles of oxygen needed to produce of water.
The moles of oxygen needed to produce of water is 0.5 moles of oxygen. To calculate the moles of oxygen needed to produce a certain amount of water, we need to know the chemical equation for the combustion of octane (C8H18) with oxygen gas (O2).
The equation is: 8CO2 + 9H2O = C8H18 + 12.5O2
As we can see from the equation, for every 1 mole of octane that is burned, 12.5 moles of oxygen are needed to produce the 9 moles of water vapor. Therefore, if we want to calculate the moles of oxygen needed to produce a certain number of moles of water, we can simply divide the number of moles of water by the ratio of water to oxygen in the equation (9:12.5).
For example, if we want to know how many moles of oxygen are needed to produce 2 moles of water, we would divide 2 by the ratio of water to oxygen, which is 2/(9/12.5) = 0.5 moles of oxygen.
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a positive ion forms when an atom loses one or more electrons in order to attain a configuration.
a. true
b. false
A positive ion forms when an atom loses one or more electrons in order to attain a configuration is a. true.
When an atom looses the electrons it forms the positively charged ion. This is because the atom is left with the less negatively charged electrons to balance positive charged. The positively charged ions are called as the cations. The example of the positively charged ion is given below :
The compound NaCl, when the Na loses 1 electron to attain the configuration and it becomes the positively charged ion as Na⁺. Thus when an atom loses one or more electrons it becomes positive ion.
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True or False
Quantum mechanics tells us the exact location of an electron
Answer:
False
Explanation:
It is impossibke to know the exact location of an electron.
Describe Two or more reactants unite to form a single product .
Two or more reactants unite to form a single product are combustion and synthesis.
1. Combustion: Combustion is a reaction in which two or more reactants, typically a fuel and an oxidizer, combine to form a single product: carbon dioxide and water. The heat released by combustion is often used to power engines and turbines.
2. Synthesis: Synthesis is a reaction in which two or more reactants combine to form a single product. In this reaction, one of the reactants is usually a reactant that has been broken down into its individual components, such as sugar or monomers, while the other reactant is a molecule or a group of molecules that can combine with the individual components.
What is Combustion?
Combustion is a chemical reaction involving the rapid oxidation of a fuel with an oxidant, usually oxygen, to release energy in the form of heat and light.
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How many ions are produced from a 14.3 g sample of calcium nitrate
There are 1.57 * 10^23 ions in the compound calcium nitrate.
What is the number of ions that is produced?We know that ions are species that are positively or negatively charged. We have to note that when we have the compound in this case calcium nitrate, we have to look up the number of ions that we have in it.
Calcium nitrate has one nitrate ion and two calcium ions which makes a total of three ions in the compound. We would then have;
Number of moles = mass/molar mass
= 14.3 g/164 g/mol
= 0.087 moles
Then the number of ions is;
3 * 0.087 * 6.02 * 10^23
=1.57 * 10^23 ions
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Calcium nitrate is composed of one calcium ion (Ca2+) and two nitrate ions (NO3-). 14.3g of calcium nitrate produces 3 ions.
How to calculate ions produced?To determine how many ions are produced from a 14.3 g sample of calcium nitrate, we need to know the molar mass of the compound and use the molar mass to convert the given mass of 14.3 g to moles.
The molar mass of calcium nitrate is 164.09 g/mol. To convert 14.3 g of calcium nitrate to moles, we divide the mass by the molar mass:
moles = 14.3 g / 164.09 g/mol = 0.087 mol
Since calcium nitrate is composed of one calcium ion and two nitrate ions, the number of ions produced by 0.087 moles of calcium nitrate is:
ions = (1 Ca2+) + (2 NO3-) = 3 ions
Therefore, 0.087 mol of calcium nitrate produces 3 ions.
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Is lithium and oxygen an ionic bond?
A lithium-oxygen ionic connection is created. Since lithium belongs to group 1A, each of its atoms possesses one valence electron. Lithium's Lewis valence electron structure is seen here.
Since oxygen belongs to group 6A, each of its atoms contains six valence electrons.
Lewis valence dot diagrams are models that only display the valence electrons, therefore it's vital to keep that in mind. In the lower energy levels, which are those closest to the nucleus, there are frequently more electrons that are not involved in bonding and are not seen on an electron dot diagram. If the atom loses all the valence electrons in that valence shell, exposing the level below it, the inner electrons can be seen.
Let's examine how to build Lewis valence electron dot structures of a single element before you begin sketching electron dot formulae of ionic compounds.
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What is the dominant
intermolecular force
found between hydrogen
iodide molecules?
Hydrogen
Ion-dipole
Dispersion
Dipole-dipole
Answer:
Dipole-Dipole
Explanation:
Iodine is a halogen is that is partially negative while the hydrogen is partially positive. So it will create this dipole attraction among the molecules.
Not hydrogen bonding since the only molecules that can participate are N, O, F.
Not Ion-Dipole since that is usually for ionic compounds.
Not disperion forces since it's the weakest of the forces.
Anhydrous copper sulphate can be used in a test for water. What two things will happen when water is added to anhydrous copper sulphate?
When water is added to anhydrous copper sulfate, two things will happen that is, Hydration and Formation of a blue color.
What is Anhydrous copper sulphate?
Anhydrous copper sulphate is a white crystalline compound used as an oxidizing agent and as a catalyst in organic chemistry. It is also used as a fungicide, herbicide, and insecticide in horticultural applications. Copper sulphate is a salt composed of copper and sulphuric acid. It is highly water-soluble and has a distinct blue-green color when dissolved in water. When anhydrous, it is a white powder. Anhydrous copper sulphate can be produced by heating the hydrated form of the salt above 250°C.
When water is added to anhydrous copper sulphate, two things will happen. Firstly, the anhydrous copper sulphate will dissolve in the water, forming a blue-colored solution. This indicates that the water is indeed present. Secondly, the anhydrous (without water) copper sulfate will absorb water and become hydrated, forming copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO4 * 5H2O).
Therefore, when water is added to anhydrous copper sulphate Hydration and Formation of a blue color will occur.
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how many electrons does n need to gain to become isoelectronic with a noble gas
Answer:
3
Explanation:
A nitrogen atom must gain three electrons to have the same number of electrons as an atom of the following noble gas, neon. Thus, a nitrogen atom will form an anion with three more electrons than protons and a charge of 3−
How do you find electrons in ch4?
The total number of the electrons are in the formation of the CH₄ molecule are 8 electrons.
The CH₄ is called as the methane. The methane includes the four hydrogen atoms and the one carbon atom.
The electronic configuration of C = 1s² 2s² 2p²
The electronic configuration of H = 1s²
The methane molecule contains the four bond. The electrons involved in the formation of the each bond are two electrons.
The number of the electrons = 2 × 4
The number of the electrons = 8 electrons
Thus, the total valence electrons in the methane CH₄ are 8 electrons.
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When the pressure is 1.00 atm the volume of an ideal gas is 22.4 L at?
When the pressure is 1 atm and the volume of an ideal gas is 22.4 L the temperature is at 273 K.
Historically, STP was defined as occurring at 0 degrees Celsius (273.15 K), and 1 atm by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). 0 degrees Celsius, or 32 degrees Fahrenheit or 273 Kelvin, is considered the norm. This is effectively the temperature at which pure water will freeze at sea level in air at 1 atm standard pressure. Air pressure and temperature fluctuate from location to place. A standard reference of both is necessary to test, compare, record chemical and physical processes where temperature and pressure are relevant, including data centres and other locations where computers are utilised. Changes in temperature or pressure also affect some of a substance's qualities. They consist of the following: density, viscosity, melting point and boiling point.
We know STP as a temperature of 0 °C and a pressure of 1 bar. The following equation proves that at 1 atm pressure and temperature 273 K, the volume of an ideal gas is 22.4 L.
Using the Ideal Gas Law we can calculate the molar volume of an ideal gas such that PV = nRT
Here, R=0.0821 L atm mol^-1 K^-1 ,
P=1 atm and n = 1 mole
Let us consider T = 273 K
Substituting these values in the above equation we get,
1 × V = 1 × 0.08201 × 273
V = 1 × 0.08201 × 273
V = 22.4 litre . Hence proved.
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Explain why the solution of ethanoic acid has a higher pH than the solution of
hydrochloric acid.
Answer:
ethanoic acid is weak acid
ph (4 5 6)
hydrochloric acid is strong acid
ph(1 2 3)
for acid the more higher pH,the weak acid
A sample of seawater contains 78. 0 grams of nacl in 2,025 ml of solution. If the molar mass of nacl is 58. 443 g/mol, what is the molarity of this sample?.
A sample of seawater contains 78. 0 grams of NaCl in 2,025 ml of solution. If the molar mass of NaCl is 58. 443 g/mol, the molarity of this sample is 0.65 M.
Given that :
The mass of the NaCl = 78 g
The molar mass of the NaCl = 58.443 g/mol
The number of the moles = mass / molar mass
The number of the moles = 78 / 58.443
= 1.33 mol
The molarity = moles / volume in L
= 1.33 / 2.025
= 0.65 M
Thus, the molarity of the NaCl sample with the 2.025 L is 0.65 M.
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