Describe the normal ventilation cycle of inspiration and expiration?
Answers
In common terms, the ventilation cycle is known as “Breathing” and its cycle is in and out movement of air from the lungs. Inspiration is defined as airflow inside the lung and expiration is when the air leaves the lungs with a small pause between inspiration and expiration known as the rest period.
For the body to get oxygen and expel carbon dioxide, inspiration (breathing in) and expiration (breathing out) are essential actions. Expiration is often passive unless it is pushed, whereas inspiration involves the active contraction of muscles, such as the diaphragm.
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Related Questions
Therefore, when the alleles of a particular gene are passed on to their descendants via gametes, a haploid sperm fertilizes a haploid egg producing a ____________ .
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Therefore, when the alleles of a particular gene are passed on to their descendants via gametes, a haploid sperm fertilizes a haploid egg producing a diploid zygote.
The process in which haploid gametes fuse to form diploid offspring:A diploid cell produces haploid cells during meiosis, and two haploid cells (gametes) combine during fertilization to create a diploid zygote.
Meiosis is a type of cell division in sexually reproducing organisms that reduces the number of chromosomes in gametes, which results in the production of gametes, such as sperm or egg cells. Meiosis comprises two rounds of division, producing four cells with only one copy of each chromosome as a final product (haploid). Additionally, each chromosome undergoes genetic material cross-pollination between the paternal and maternal copies before division, resulting in novel combinations of the genetic code on each chromosome. The haploid cells created by meiosis between a man and a female will later unite during fertilization to create a cell with two copies of each chromosome once more, the zygote.
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Venous drainage of the head and neck is through the veins, which then drain into the brachiocephalic veins.
Answers
According to the research, the statement is true. Venous drainage of the head and neck is through the internal jugular vein, which then drain into the brachiocephalic veins.
What is the internal jugular vein?It is a very wide and thick duct that it is responsible for collecting the non-oxygenated blood that comes from the head, from the anterior area of the neck.
Being the largest caliber and the other jugular veins flow into it; it is a continuation of the sigmoid sinus and together with the subclavian vein made up of the brachiocephalic veins that drain blood from the head, neck, and upper extremities.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, the statement is true. Venous drainage of the head and neck is through the internal jugular vein, which then drain into the brachiocephalic veins.
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Simulation tools, environments and frameworks for UAVs and multi-UAV-based systems performance analysis (version 2.0)
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For a safer approach, the proposed model is simulated using available software instead of hardware implementations.
Frameworks for UAVs and multi-UAV-based systems -
Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) received a lot of attention during the past 10 years and are now employed in a variety of settings and systems. It is vital to evaluate the UAVs' capabilities, the effects of applications, routing protocols, mobility, and other network aspects. Real experiments, especially those involving multiple UAV-based systems, can be very expensive and difficult to carry out.The tools for mono-UAV-based systems as well as the tools for multi-UAV-based systems are identified. The objectives, specifications, advantages, and disadvantages of each instrument under study are covered in full in this essay. In addition, a variety of UAV simulators is offered. It provides recommendations that will be helpful to researchers and assist them in locating and choosing the right instruments.Learn more about UAVs and multi-UAV-based systems
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Amy's teacher is explaining math concepts to the class. amy cannot help paying attention to the teacher's colorful sweater. in this example, amy is focusing on ______ stimuli.
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Amy's teacher is explaining math concepts to the class. amy cannot help paying attention to the teacher's colorful sweater. in this example, amy is focusing on salient stimuli.
By giving visual stimuli attentional priority, visual information is selected, and this process can be managed in a variety of ways. When attentional selection reflects the observer's expectations and objectives, it is said to be top-down, and when it reflects the saliency of the stimuli, it is said to be bottom-up.
In this scenario prior to listening to the conceptual talk, attention is initially drawn to the prominent colour distractor. However, the salient element unintentionally drew attention to itself rather than the audio element.
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If the receptor on the postsynaptic membrane binds to norepinephrine, the synapse is called:__________
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According to the research, if the receptor on the postsynaptic membrane binds to norepinephrine, the synapse is called adrenergic.
What is the adrenergic synapse?It is the molecular complex that selectively receives the signal of adrenaline and noradrenaline in the body's cells.
It is involved in various functions of the sympathetic nervous system, which involves fight and flight responses.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, if the receptor on the postsynaptic membrane binds to norepinephrine, the synapse is called adrenergic.
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Where does the f1 subunit of atp synthase get its energy to catalyze the synthesis of atp?.
Answers
The rotation of the Fo subunit leads to rotation of the F1 subunit, which can then catalyze ATP synthesis
which can then catalyse the synthesis of ATP. Kinetic energy from the flow of protons is converted to the kinetic energy of rotation of the Fo subunit.
What is ATP synthase ?The hydrophilic F1 region of the ATP synthase is in charge of ATP hydrolysis. Invading the mitochondrial matrix space is the F1 unit.
A hexamer with six binding sites is formed by the subunits and. Three of these bind ADP while being catalytically inactive.Synthases of ATP. An enzyme that uses energy from a proton gradient or another source to catalyse the phosphorylation of ADP with inorganic phosphate to produce ATPLearn more about ATP synthase here:
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Stress initiates biological changes involving the autonomic and endocrine systems, as well as the system that helps the body ward off illnesses, the:____.
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Stress initiates biological changes involving the autonomic and endocrine systems, as well as the system that helps the body ward off illnesses, the immune system.
What is the immune system?The immune system is a body system used by the body to fight against infections and diseases caused by bacteria and viral entities (they are not organisms).
The immune system is composed of physical barriers such as the skin mucous membranes, and endothelia that fight against pathogenic infections.
In conclusion, stress initiates biological changes involving the autonomic and endocrine systems, as well as the system that helps the body ward off illnesses, the immune system.
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Which of these scenarios describe(s) LTD?
Answer choices:
Neuron A fires infrequently upon neuron B, which is silent, which leads to a decrease in their connection strength
Neuron A fires strongly and neuron B fires weakly, which leads to an increase in their connection strength
Neuron A and B both fire, but asynchronously, from an incoming stimulus and decrease their connection strength
Neuron A fires strongly and repeatedly, but not neuron B, which leads to an increase in their connection strength
Answers
The correct answer choice which is true about neurons is Neuron A fires strongly and neuron B fires weakly, which leads to an increase in their connection strength
What is a Neuron?Neurons can simply be defined
as the fundamental and functional units of the nervous system. Neurons are also known as nerves.
There are basically three classes of neurons: These are
Efferent neuronesAfferent neuronesIntermediate neuronsSo therefore, neuron A fires strongly and neuron B fires weakly, which leads to an increase in their connection strength
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Hemophilia is a sex–linked disorder that is caused by a defective gene on the X chromosome. What will be the pattern of inheritance of the offspring of a hemophiliac father?
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Researchers conclude that the functional car8 enzyme decreases pain signaling by inhibiting calcium release through itpr1. which additional finding would most weaken this conclusion?
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The additional finding that weaken this is the presence of another factor capable of both altering car8 activity and leading to the inhibition of calcium release.
What are pleiotropic effects?The expression 'pleiotropic effects' makes reference to a given chemical substance or compound (in this case, for example, another enzyme) which is able to alter the functioning of different cellular traits.
These effects (pleiotropic effects) are well known in research to mask the real causes of biological phenomena.
In conclusion, the additional finding that would most weaken this conclusion is the presence of another factor capable of both altering car8 activity and leading to the inhibition of calcium release through itpr1.
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Why is anesthesia used while surgery? I what will happen if we don't give anesthesia before surgery ?
Answers
Answer:
Anesthesia is used because it puts people to sleep, so they don't feel pain.
If you don't use anesthesia the patient will feel the pain, but might also die.
Explanation:
hope it helps
sorry if I'm wrong
Answer:
It keeps you from feeling pain during the procedure, if anesthesia is not used on you while you're having surgery you will feel EVERYTHING, and you will not have the anesthesia's side effects! :)
A white blood cell (WBC) count is performed on a blood specimen from a newborn using a hematology analyzer that does not have the capability to detect and quantify nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs). The WBC count that is reported by the analyzer is 28.2 x 109/L, a
Answers
The action that should be taken is that:
The person needs to count the number of cells that looks like the cells in the image attached (that is per 100 WBCs) and then they need to put together the corrected WBC count through the use of this formula.
The Total WBCs x 100 / 100+ the number of NRBCs.What does white blood cell count tell a person?A white blood count is known to be a factor that is often used to measures the rate or the number of white cells that is present in your blood.
Note that the White blood cells are a key aspect of the immune system and as such, the action that should be taken is that:
The person needs to count the number of cells that looks like the cells in the image attached (that is per 100 WBCs) and then they need to put together the corrected WBC count through the use of this formula.
See full question below
A white blood cell (WBC) count is performed on a blood specimen from a newborn using a hematology analyzer that does not have the capability to detect and quantify nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs). The WBC count that is reported by the analyzer is 28.2 x 109/L and it is flagged for a manual differential. Upon review of the blood film, more than 6 nucleated cells that resemble the cells shown in the image were identified in the 100 WBC differential. What action should be taken?
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Environmentalists are monitoring an area of tropical forest. They made the following graph to predict the effect of deforestation on this area over the next 20 years. What would a graph of carbon dioxide absorption look like for this forested area
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A line that is decreasing would be a graph of carbon dioxide absorption for this forested area.
Environmentalists made the graph to predict the effect of deforestation on this area over the next 20 years. Due to deforestation, the number of trees will be decreased and hence the carbon dioxide absorption also decreases.
Photosynthesis is the process through which plants take in carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, combine it with water and light, and produce carbohydrates.
It is commonly known that the rate of photosynthesis rises as atmospheric CO₂ levels rise.
But if the number of trees decreases, then there will be less photosynthesis and that's why carbon dioxide absorption also decreases.
Hence, A line that is decreasing would be a graph of carbon dioxide absorption for this forested area.
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which feature is charatisic of estauries
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The estauries are characterized by mix of fresh water and salt water. That is option A
What is estauries?Estauries is defined as the part of water where many rivers meet and sweep into the ocean.
The characteristics of estauries include the following;
The salty water mixed with freshwater resulting to brackish water formation.The gradient of salinity in a semi-enclosed coastal system.Learn more about brackish water here:
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Which feature is characteristics of estauries:
A mix of fresh water and salt water.
swap-like land.
region of land that drains into a body of water.
the gradient of salinity in a semi-enclosed coastal system.
Neural impulses are propogated down the axon by the movement of ions along the cell membrane. Specifically, ___________________ moves in and ________________ moves out of the cell.
Answers
The nerve impulse through the neuron is also called an action potential. The sodium ions move into the cell and the potassium ions leave the cell at action potential.
Conduction of nerve impulses:
The transmission of signals from one end of the neuron to another neuron is called nerve impulse conduction. The positive charges are inside the cell and the negative on the outside. There are three phases of an electric impulse: depolarization, overshoot, and repolarisation. The resting potential of the membrane is -70mV. During the depolarization phase, the membrane is depolarized and the sodium ions move into the cell and the potassium ions move outside the cell. The impulse is transmitted from the axon of the neuron with the release of neurotransmitters from the vesicles. These vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane and release the neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft which then bind to the receptors on the dendrites of another neuron leading to the conduction of nerve impulses.
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Unit 1: nature of science
Answers
Answer:
Nature of science (NOS) is a critical component of scientific literacy that enhances students' understandings of science concepts and enables them to make informed decisions about scientifically-based personal and societal issues.
The probability that the daughter of a woman with a dominant disease-causing allele on one X chromosome and a normal male will be affected with the disorder is ________ .
Answers
The probability that the daughter of a woman with a dominant disease-causing allele on one X chromosome and a normal male will be affected with the disorder is 50%.
Men and women have different chances of passing on X-linked dominant conditions since men only have one X and one Y chromosomes, whereas women have two X chromosomes. All of a man's sons inherit his Y chromosome, and all of his daughters inherit his X chromosome. As a result, only his daughters will be afflicted if a man has an X-linked dominant ailment; his sons will not be affected. Each child of a woman inherits either one or the other of her X chromosomes. With each pregnancy, a woman who carries an X-linked dominant disorder on one of the X chromosomes has a 50% chance of giving birth to a child who carries the disorder be it boy or girl.Hence, the probability that the daughter of a woman with a dominant disease-causing allele on one X chromosome and a normal male will be affected with the disorder will be 50%.learn more about X linked dominant condition here: https://brainly.com/question/20584746
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The probability that the daughter of a woman with a dominant disease-causing allele on one X chromosome and a normal male will be affected with the disorder is 50%.
What are chromosomes and what do they do?Chromosomes are the thin, threadlike components of both plant and animal cell nuclei. They consist of one molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid and one protein (DNA). The chromosomes are in charge of holding the instructions that give the kids their own identity while also displaying qualities from the parents when the genetic material is passed from parents to the child.
A chromosome's functionThe genetic information and a large number of the proteins necessary for its expression are both stored on the chromosome. The frequency and type of gene translation into proteins are controlled by their intricate form and structure. Generating organisms is accomplished by a process known as gene expression. How often a gene is expressed depends on how tightly packed the chromosome is at a certain place. Less actively transcribed genes will be clustered more closely together than actively transcribed genes, as can be seen in the chromosome structure image below. When these proteins are activated or deactivated, the chromosome can constrict or extend, which is how many cellular molecules that control genes and transcription function. Every protein is turned on during cell division.
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The infectious cycles of enveloped animal viruses and temperate bacteriophages are most similar because:_______
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The infectious cycles of enveloped animal viruses and temperate bacteriophages are most similar because infected cells can live for a prolonged period of time.
What is an infectious cycle?An infectious cycle can be defined as the cell life cycle of an infectious microorganism such as bacteria and also viral entities.
Viruses such as bacteriophages are not classified as true living organisms because they need suitable host cells to propagate (survival and reproduction), but the viral cycle is also sensitive to suitable conditions.
In conclusion, the infectious cycles of enveloped animal viruses and temperate bacteriophages are most similar because infected cells can live for a prolonged period of time.
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What similarities are there between the ways archaea and bacteria react to difficult environmental conditions?
Answers
Archaea and bacteria both have flagella, thread-like structures that allows organisms to help them move forward through their environment.
Three broad branches into which life on earth is divided, those are Eukarya, Archaea and Bacteria. Archaea and bacteria were considered as the part of same taxonomic kingdom as both were considered prokaryotic organisms with no nucleus.
Through research scientist discovered that archaea has prominent molecular differences from bacteria. Genetic inspection also revealed that Archaea and Eukarya have a closer phylogenetic relationship to one another than to Bacteria.
Archaea and Bacteria both being prokaryotes , they don't have a nucleus and lack membrane-bound organelles. They are tiny and single-cell organisms and they exist as rods, cones, plates and coil.
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In this lab, you will explore the microscopic process of bulding proteins from RNA. Instead of working with variables, you will focus on the steps of that process.
Answers
The investigative question that will you answer by exploring the process of building proteins from RNA is translation.
What is translation ?The translation is a cellular process by which a specific type of RNA (mRNA) is converted into a protein sequence.
During translation, the messenger RNA (mRNA) is composed of triplets of nucleotides called codons that specify different amino acids.In conclusion, the investigative question that will you answer by exploring the process of building proteins from RNA is translation.Learn more about Translation here:
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While watching the Yankees game in the lab, you accidentally mutate the nuclear localization signal sequence of the large protein Moose 2, rendering the sequence not functional. Which of the following observations do you expect
Answers
The correct answer is Moose 2 is localized in the cytosol.
CytosolOne of the liquids present inside cells is the cytosol, which is also referred to as groundplasm or the cytoplasmic matrix. Membranes split it into compartments for storage. The mitochondrial matrix, for instance, divides the mitochondrion into several compartments.
The cell membrane of a eukaryotic cell encloses the cytosol, which is a component of the cytoplasm, which also contains the mitochondria, plastids, and other organelles. The cell nucleus is located outside of the cytoplasm. Therefore, the cytosol is a liquid matrix that surrounds the organelles. The majority of metabolic chemical reactions in prokaryotes occur in the cytosol, but a small number also occur in membranes or the periplasm. In eukaryotes, some metabolic pathways still take place in the cytosol, while others happen inside the organelles.
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Benign ____________________ is an abnormal enlargement of the prostate gland that most often occurs in men older than age 50.
Answers
BENIGN PROSTATIC HYPERPLASIA(BPH) is the most common prostate problem for men older than age 50.
What is Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia?As men age, a condition known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), or enlargement of the prostate gland, becomes more prevalent. Uncomfortable urinary symptoms, such as a bladder blockage, might be brought on by an enlarged prostate gland. It may also result in issues with the kidneys, urinary system, or bladder.
Prostate gland enlargement can be effectively treated with a variety of drugs, minimally invasive therapies, and surgical procedures. Your symptoms, the size of your prostate, any additional medical conditions you may have, and your preferences will all be taken into account when deciding which choice is best for you.
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Which of the following diseases can be passed to another person through an animal bite?
1. Lyme disease
II. Malaria
III. Cholera
Ol only
Oll only
OI and II
O II and III
Answers
The disease that can be passed to another person through an animal bite are;
MalariaMalariaCholeraTherefore, the answer is option D.
What are vectors?Vectors are carriers of disease-causing agent or pathogens.
Vectors transfer pathogens that are capable of causing diseases from an infected host to an healthy host.
Malaria is a disease spread by mosquito, in which a protozoan, plasmodium, multiplies in blood every few days.
Cholera is caused by certain strains of the Vibrio cholerae bacterium through ingestion of contaminated water or food, usually marked by severe gastrointestinal symptoms.
The following are diseases that can be transferred via vectors:
Malaria; which is caused by a plasmodium pathogen and carried by a mosquitoCholera; which is caused by a bacterium carried by a houseflyLearn more about vectors at: https://brainly.com/question/14987471
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Answer:
C- | and ||
Lyme and malaria
Explanation:
I took the test and got it right :)
write the role of HCL in digestion
Answers
Answer:
Hydrochloric acid contributes to protein digestion by supplying H+ which activates pepsinogen, the precursor to pepsin. Pepsinogen is secreted by chief cells in the gastric glands of the body and antrum of the stomach.
Explanation:
˙˚ʚ(´◡`)ɞ˚˙
Answer:
Activates pepsin enzyme
Explanation:
Carbohydrates are digested into maltose in the mouth and protein digestion begins in the stomach. In the stomach, food undergoes chemical as well as physical digestion.Due to the peristaltic action of the muscles the bolus breaks up in the stomach wall and mixes well into a chyme. ( Physical digestion )Several secretions flow into the stomach. It is collectively known as gastric juice.Also the juice contains pepsin and HCL acid.Here, the enzyme pepsin acts on the proteins in the food and forms polypeptides, which are intermediate products of life. ( Chemical digestion )And the function of the HCL acid is to stimulate pepsin enzyme and make it activeAn organic molecule that is tightly bound to an enzyme and participates in an enzyme catalyzed reaction is specifically referred to as a _____.
Answers
Answer:
cofactor
Explanation:
I hope this help
An organic molecule that is tightly bound to an enzyme and participates in an enzyme catalyzed reaction is specifically referred to as a prosthetic group, which is in option E. Hence, option E is the correct option.
A prosthetic group is an organic molecule that is tightly and permanently bound to an enzyme and participates directly in the enzyme-catalyzed reaction. Prosthetic groups are a type of coenzyme, which are small, non-protein molecules that help enzymes perform their catalytic functions. However, unlike some coenzymes that may bind loosely and reversibly to the enzyme, prosthetic groups remain tightly attached and are considered essential components of the enzyme's active site, playing a crucial role in the catalytic process. Hence, option E is the correct option.
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Complete question is below,
An organic molecule that is tightly bound to an enzyme and participates in an enzyme catalyzed reaction is specifically referred to as a _____.
A) cofactor
B) metal ion
C) coenzyme
D) cosubstrate
E) prosthetic group
Mutation spectrum analysis of Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy in 68 families in Kuwait: The era of personalized medicine
Answers
Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies (DMD/BMD) are X-linked recessive neuromuscular disorders characterized by progressive irreversible muscle weakness and atrophy that affect both skeletal and cardiac muscles
What is Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy ?Both Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy are caused by mutations in a protein called dystrophin
In Duchenne muscular dystrophy, functioning dystrophin is completely absent in muscle, while in Becker muscular dystrophy, there is some dystrophin present, although not enough for completely normal muscle function.it usually affects boys in early childhood; people with the condition will usually only live into their 20s or 30s.Learn more about Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy here:
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the chambers in the upper part of the heart , which receive blood from the rest of the body , is called _____
Answers
The chambers in the upper part of the heart , which receive blood from the rest of the body , is called Atria.
The atria are the two upper chambers. Blood is given out and collected. The ventricles are the two bottom chambers.Blood circulates through the four chambers of the heart. Right atrial blood flows into and via the right ventricle. The blood is pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs, where it is oxygenated. The pulmonary veins that enter the left atrium return the oxygenated blood to the heart. Blood enters the left ventricle from the left atrium. The aorta will deliver the oxygenated blood to every part of the body when the left ventricle pumps blood there.learn more about Atria here: https://brainly.com/question/26387166
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Within the mesohyl of a sponge are small rigid structures that act like an endoskeleton, providing structural support for the sponge. What are these called
Answers
Spicules are small rigid structures that act like an endoskeleton, providing structural support for the sponge within the mesohyl of a sponge
The "bricks" or structural elements of a sponge are known as spicules, and each species has its own distinct range of spicule sizes, forms, and compositions. When combined, these characteristics can be examined under a microscope to ensure correct identification. Either calcium or silica makes up spicules.
The only skeleton in soft sponges that encrust such hard surfaces as rocks is an internal gelatinous matrix called the mesohyl, which serves as an endoskeleton in the majority of sponges. The mesohyl is typically strengthened by spongin fibers, mineral spicules, or both. Spicules serve as the skeleton and support system for sponges. Additionally, they offer defense against predators.
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Epigenome-wide association study of DNA methylation in narcolepsy: an integrated genetic and epigenetic approach
Answers
Epigenetics is the branch of genetics that deals with the altered genetic expression of the genes without any change in the DNA sequence.
Our body’s normal sleep-wake cycle is regulated by our brain but due to a chronic nervous disorder in the brain, this regulation is disrupted causing the disease Narcolepsy. Research is underway to evaluate the exact reason behind the onset of this disease but as per the researchers, this disease is governed by two branches viz, genetics and epigenetics.
DNA methylation and DNA acetylation are two important concepts under epigenetics which can lead to either switching off or on certain particular genes.
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Proteins in a membrane are integral if they are embedded in the membrane and protrude from either surfaces of the bilayer.
Answers
The given statement that the proteins in a membrane are integral if they are embedded in the membrane and protrude from either surfaces of the bilayer holds true.
What are Integral Proteins?Integral proteins are the surface membrane proteins present in the plasma membrane of the cells.
They are attached to the plasma membrane and function by allowing only certain molecules to enter the cell.
The integral proteins are crucial in maintaining entry and exit of molecules.
Some integral proteins also act as an receptors to certain hormones.
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