During the Cambrian explosion animals with bodies protected by hard structures covering soft parts emerged. Options C, D and E. Arthropods, echinoderms, and mollusks.
What is the Cambrian Explotion?
Cambrian explosion represents a moment in the history of life in which new-shaped fauna appeared showing mineralized exoskeleton.
The term mineralized exoskeleton refers to a hard structure that supports and protects the body, covering the soft parts. These skeletons are made of minerals that make them harder and more resistant. The development of these structures more rigid and resistant to natural destruction was a huge triumph.
One of the principal characteristics in the Cambrian explosion was then the diversification of organisms that presented plaques, shells, and other hard parts.
Some of the first fossils in appearing are some little skeletal plaques, spines, tubs, and shells. Among these are spicules of some sponges and shells of some brachiopods.
Options
C .arthropods
D .echinoderms
E .mollusks
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The population of bacteria in a petri dish triples every 10 minutes. The population of the bacteria is initially 400 organisms. What unit is most appropriate for the time at which the number of bacteria is 600?.
The most appropriate unit of time for the number of bacteria to be 600 is 20 minutes.
The population of bacteria in a petri dish triples every 10 minutes. This means that the population will double every 5 minutes.
If the initial population of bacteria is 400 organisms, it will take 20 minutes for the population to reach 600 organisms.
To calculate this, we can use the equation:
Time (minutes) = Log3 (600/400) x 10
Time (minutes) = Log3 (1.5) x 10
Time (minutes) = 0.47712125 x 10
Time (minutes) = 4.7712125
Time (minutes) = 20 minutes
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genetic information is stored and transmitted within _____
DNA molecules serve as both a genetic information storage and transmission medium.
Only two closely related nucleic acids, DNA and RNA, serve as carriers and stores of genetic information in nature. They represent biological information at the molecular level.
The DNA's linear nucleotide sequence contains genetic information. The base pairs G-C and A-T form a hydrogen bond that holds the two complementary strands of nucleotides that make up each DNA molecule's double helix together.
Adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (C) are the four chemical bases that make up the code that stores the information in DNA (T). The 3 billion bases that make up human DNA are identical in more than 99 percent of people.
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explain how you know which attachment of a muscle is the origin and which attachment is the insertion.
Skeletal muscle attaches to bone (and possibly other muscles and tissues) at two or more points. A bond is called an origin if its location is a bone that remains immovable to the action. If the point is on a bone that moves during the action, it's called an insertion.
The origin is the attachment site that does not move during contraction, and the insertion is the attachment site that moves with muscle contraction. The insertion is usually distal or farther away and the origin is proximal or near the body to the insertion.
The origin is the less movable part of the muscle/tendon that is linked to the bone. The inset is the muscle's more flexible end, which is normally linked to the bone through tendons. The proximal end is what connects to less movable bone. The distal end is what connects to the more movable bone.
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total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy
what happens if a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution?
A hypotonic solution is one that has a lower concentration of solutes than the cell itself. When a plant cell is immersed in a hypotonic solution, it absorbs water by osmosis.
This causes the cell to swell and can lead to cell lysis, which is when the cell membrane ruptures due to the increased pressure from the water influx. Once the cell membrane ruptures, the cell's contents are released into the environment, leading to the death of the cell. The reason for this is that the cell does not have a built-in structure to counter the pressure of the incoming water.
As a result, the cell membrane is unable to withstand the pressure and ruptures. To maintain its internal environment, a plant cell must be placed in an isotonic solution, which has the same solute concentration as the cell itself. This will allow the cell to remain in a state of equilibrium, avoiding the risk of cell lysis.
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order of insects also known as stoneflies crossword. True or False
True. Order of insects, often known as stoneflies, should have the following answer: PLECOPTERA
Stoneflies are members of the insect order Plecoptera. Globally, 3,500 species have been described,[1] and more are continually being found. The only continent where stoneflies are absent is Antarctica. [2] With close cousins found in the Carboniferous & Lower Permian geological periods and real stoneflies only known from slightly more recent fossils, stoneflies are thought to be one of the least primitive groups among Neoptera. But it appears that the beginning of their current diversity is in the Mesozoic. [3] Although the populations of Plecoptera are highly separate and can be found both in Southern and Northern Hemispheres, evolutionary evidence suggests that some species may have traversed the equator repeatedly before once more becoming geographically localised.
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4
Drag each label to the correct location on the image.
Classify the disease according to whether it affects the digestive system or respiratory system.
canine parvovirus infection
coccidiosis
giardiasis
Respiratory
tracheobronchitis
feline viral rhinotracheitis
Digestive
The diseases according to their effects are:
canine parvovirus infection - Digestive
coccidiosis - Digestive
giardiasis - Digestive
tracheobronchitis - Respiratory
feline viral rhinotracheitis - Respiratory
What is feline viral rhinotracheitis?Feline viral rhinotracheitis (FVR) is a widespread respiratory disease caused by felid herpesvirus 1. (FeHV-1). The disease impairs pulmonary defense mechanisms, predisposing cats to secondary bacterial pneumonia or feline calicivirus infection.
Respiratory infections are common in cats, particularly in densely populated areas such as shelters, breeding catteries, and feral cat colonies. These infections, which have a negative impact on feline health, are caused by a variety of viruses, bacteria, fungi, and protozoa.
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Which of the following enzyme can be used for the polymerisation of RNA in a template independent manner?
1) RNA Polymerase
2) RNA primase
3) Polynucleotide phosphorylase
4) RNA phosphatase
What is the name of bone cells?
The two main types of cells that make up bone tissue are osteoblasts and osteoclasts.
Osteoblasts are the cells responsible for creating and maintaining bone tissue. They secrete substances which form the matrix of the bone, including collagen, minerals, and other proteins. Additionally, osteoblasts also regulate the formation of new blood vessels to provide vital nutrients to the bone tissue.
Osteoclasts are the cells responsible for breaking down old bone. They secrete enzymes that dissolve the mineralized material of the bone matrix, allowing the body to reabsorb and use the calcium and other minerals found in the bone. This process is essential for keeping the bones healthy and strong.
Together, these two types of cells work together to keep bones healthy and strong.
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Which phase of the cell cycle could you identify most readily with a light microscope
a. l. washburn swallowed a balloon. when inflated, the balloon filled his stomach and transmitted his stomach contractions to a recording device. washburn found that
Answer:
A.L. Washburn's study found that when the balloon in his stomach was inflated, the stomach contractions were transmitted to a recording device. This allowed him to measure and compare the activity of the stomach muscles at different times. Washburn's research helped to further our understanding of how the muscles of the stomach contract and how they contribute to digestion.
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Do pupils dilate when you look at someone you love?
Answer:
Your brain gets a boost of these chemicals when you're sexually or romantically attracted to someone. This surge in hormones appears to make your pupils dilate.
Why is starch used to store energy?
The advantage of storing energy as starch rather than fats and oils is that it is easily stored by cells and accessible. Starch is a fast-breaking molecule that allows you to get at the glucose you require for energy release.
Starch seems to be a polysaccharide and complex carbohydrate composed of a chain of covalently linked glucose molecules. Pure starch is a tasteless, odorless, white powder produced from plants that accounts for a major component of modern human meals. Most green plants produce starch to store extra glucose produced during photosynthesis.
Glycogen is a more highly branched polymer containing glucose monomers that functions as an energy storage molecule in mammals. Glycogen is predominantly produced and stored in liver and muscle cells. When they need to absorb more energy than they have readily accessible from photosynthesis, they trap glucose as part of a carbohydrate molecule or break off smaller glucose units.
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What is the name of bone cells Class 9?
Osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts are the names of bone cells.
Osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts, and bone lining cells are the four different types of cells that make up bone. On bone, surfaces can be found osteoblasts, bone lining cells, and osteoclasts, all of which are produced from local mesenchymal cells known as progenitor cells.
Osteocytes are the cells responsible for producing the components that are necessary for the bone matrix to remain healthy. Osteoclasts are multinucleated bone cells that originate from the stem cells that are found in the red bone marrow. These cells can be found in bones. These cells are accountable for the process of resorption, which refers to the breaking down of bone.
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how many nitrogen bases on mrna are needed to build a polypeptide that is made of 5 amino acids?
Answer:
Explanation:
i do not know i am not smart
What is true of older stars?
They tend to be brighter than younger stars. The orbital speed of an older star increases. The mass of a star increases with age. The star's amount of heavy elements decreases with age.
What is meant by older stars?The initial stars, known as Population III stars, started to form some 200 million years after the Big Bang. The oldest stars that have been observed are those that were born after the first stars went supernova, yet astronomers have not yet discovered stars in the Population III.One star cannot be used to estimate the age of another. Studying star clusters is the only reliable way we have to calculate the ages of stars. HD A metal-poor subgiant star in the constellation of Libra, close to the Milky Way Galaxy's boundary with Ophiuchus, 140283—also known as the Methuselah star—is located around 190 light years from the Earth. There is a 7.205 magnitude apparent. It ranks among the oldest stars ever discovered.To learn more about older stars refer to:
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An asphalt surface absorbs solar energy than a cement surface this difference is chiefly due to differences
An asphalt surface absorbs solar energy more than a cement surface, this difference is chiefly due to differences in color.
What is solar energy?Solar energy is the Sun's radiant heat and light. Solar architecture, solar thermal energy, and solar power to generate electricity are only a few of the technologies that may capture solar energy, which is particularly important for energy generation.
The emissivity (and adsorbability) of a dark surface is significantly greater than that of a light surface. An asphalt surface is almost black, whereas a cement surface is closer to white.
Therefore, as a result of differences in color, an asphalt surface absorbs solar radiation more than a cement surface.
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You ampled ea water in an area for microorganim. In one milliliter of water, you grew 1,000,000 organim. Among thoe were 20,000 pecie. What i the biodiverity index?
The biodiversity record is 0.02. Biodiversity record is a numerical proportion of animal categories variety locally.
Biodiversity is every one of the various types of life you'll track down in one region — the range of creatures, plants, organisms, and even microorganisms like microbes that make up our regular world. Every one of these animal categories and organic entities cooperates in biological systems, similar to an unpredictable web, to keep up with equilibrium and back life.
One method for working out a straightforward biodiversity record is by partitioning the species extravagance by the species uniformity as follows:
Biodiversity record = number of species nearby ÷ complete number of people nearby
As per this inquiry, in an examined ocean water in space for microorganisms, a million organic entities were developed. Among those were 20,000 species.
Biodiversity record = 20,000 species ÷ a million organic entities
Biodiversity record = 0.02
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in your ph.d. research, you use thin slices of brain tissue to study neuronal signaling. you attach an electrode to a single neuron, but cannot detect any activity. what is the most likely explanation?
The most likely explanation is The cell was cut off from dendrite inputs when the brain was sliced.
The long neural extensions known as dendrites are crucial in incorporating all of the information that is received from thousands of other cells in the human brain so that the cells can respond appropriately.
The dendrite is disconnected when an electrode is attached to a single neuron but there is no activity detected. We anticipated that the cells would die if all of the dendrites were removed. As a result, they would no longer be able to receive information.
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Homeostasis is classified under which of the following?
Homeostasis is classified under cell regulation. The correct option is C.
What is cell regulation?Any procedure that manages the sequence of activities a cell goes through during the cell cycle A cell divides in two and copies its DNA and other internal components during the cell cycle.
The stable internal, external, and chemical conditions that are maintained by living systems are known as homeostasis in biology.
Secreted proteins and tiny molecules that frequently serve as signals are responsible for controlling homeostasis in an organism or colony of single-celled organisms.
The management of the cell's homeostasis as well as the exchange of resources and energy with its environment help to keep it in balance.
Thus, the correct option is C.
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A. Cell respiration
B. Transcription
C. Cell regulation
D. Photosynthesis
What is a clade?
A. all species with the same homologous trait
B. a group of organisms with one common ancestor and all
its descendants in an unbroken line
C. when a new species splits off from its current one
D. the end groups on an evolutionary tree
Answer:
B. a group of organisms with one common ancestor and all its descendants in an unbroken line.
Explanation:
A clade is a taxonomic group of organisms consisting of a common ancestor and its descendants. The members of a clade share a common ancestry, and the concept of a clade is used to organize the evolutionary relationships between species and higher-level taxonomic groups. Clades can be visualized as branches on a tree-like diagram called a phylogenetic tree, with the common ancestor at the tree's base and the descendants branching out from there.
Answer:
B. a group of organisms with one common ancestor and all
its descendants in an unbroken line
the pouch which contains the testes is called the __________.
The epididymis and testicles are housed in the scrotum, an external pouch-like structure. The temperature of the testicles, which must be kept below body temperature in order to make sperm, is regulated in part by this pouch of skin.
Behind the male genitalia, the scrotum hangs like a bag. The testicles are held and shielded by it. There are several blood vessels and nerves as well. When the temperature drops, the Cremaster muscle draws the scrotum in closer the body while the Dartos muscle wrinkles the scrotum. When the body temperature rises, the Cremaster and Dartos muscles unwind, lowering the scrotum and removing wrinkles, respectively.
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When homologous chromosomes pair up in meiosis, this is called: a. replication b. segregation c. cytokinesis d. synapsis
A large and increasing number of genetic tests are available to prospective parents and children. Even as these testing methods become more and more sophisticated, what is one thing technology will never solve?
The one thing this technology will never solve is the use of humans as models in genetic experiments.
Why humans are not used as model organisms in genetics experiments?Genetic testing creates tension within a family because the results can reveal information about other family members in addition to the person who is tested. The possibility of genetic discrimination in employment or insurance is also a concern.
Except in the case of highly controlled and regulated clinical trials, geneticists and scientists do not use humans for their experimental investigations because of the obvious risk to life. Instead, they use various animal, fungal, bacterial, and plant species as model organisms for their studies.
Understanding genetic factors and genetic disorders is important in learning more about promoting health and preventing disease. Some genetic changes have been associated with an increased risk of having a child.
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What is a insertion mutation called?
An insertion mutation is a type of genetic variation that occurs when one or more nucleotides are added to the DNA sequence.
These mutations can lead to a change in the amino acid sequence of a protein, and can ultimately affect the overall health and wellbeing of an organism. Like deletion mutations, insertions can also be classified as point mutations or frameshift mutations, depending on the size and location of the insertion.
A point mutation is a change in a single nucleotide in the DNA sequence, and an insertion mutation is a type of point mutation when one nucleotide is added. For example, if the normal DNA sequence is ATGAGGCTAG, and a C is inserted in the fourth position, the new sequence becomes ATGACGGCTAG. This change in the DNA sequence results in a change in the amino acid sequence of the protein, from Arginine-Leucine to Proline-Leucine.
However, when one or more nucleotides are added, the insertion is considered a frameshift mutation. This is because it changes the reading frame, which is the grouping of nucleotides into codons, the sequence of three nucleotides that code for a specific amino acid. This change in the reading frame leads to a shift in the way the entire sequence of codons is read, and can result in a completely altered amino acid sequence for the rest of the protein.
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large, muscular, saclike organ, secretes hydrochloric acid and gastric juices.
The stomach is a large, muscular, sac-like organ that secretes gastric fluids and hydrochloric acid.
Gastric digestive fluids are secreted by the stomach, an organ that resembles a sac. In the stomach, the pH ranges from 1.5 to 2.5. This very acidic environment is necessary for food chemical breakdown and nutritional extraction.
Your stomach's job is to break down food so that your small intestine can absorb it. There are three uses for it: Store food for later. Tighten and relax as you mix and break down food.
The stomach is the body's main digestive organ and a crucial stop on the food delivery pathway to the duodenum. As a result, problems with this organ may damage a patient's nutritional wellness by preventing them from receiving these crucial nutrients through this digestive pathway.
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The sequences of contraction of the heart chamber isa. randomb. left chamber followed by the right chambersc. both atria followed by both ventriclesd. right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
The sequences of contraction of the heart chamber is both atria followed by both ventricles.
coronary diastole
Blood passively flows into the atria as it travels through the superior, inferior, and pulmonary veins. Right now, there isn't an atrial contraction. Imagine it like the leftover drops that appear after you turn the water off.
The tricuspid and mitral valves are open at this time, allowing blood to passively flow from the atria into the ventricles. Due to the relaxed state of the ventricles, this phase is known as ventricular diastole.
Systole Atrial
Blood actively travels from the atria via the tricuspid and mitral valves and into the ventricles as a result of the atria contracting.
The atrial diastole
The inferior and superior vena cava's blood can once more fill the right atria, and the blood from the pulmonary veins can fill the left atria, after the atria contract.
Ventricular Systole
The pressure inside the ventricles rises as a result of the ventricles' vigorous contraction. The tricuspid and mitral valves close in response to this pressure increase, while the aortic and pulmonic valves expand.
In order to get the blood to the body and lungs, this contraction pushes it past the pulmonic and aortic valves. The pulmonary and aortic valves close when the pressure in the aorta and pulmonary arteries is greater than that in the ventricles.
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In their somatic cells, mice have 40 chromosomes. How many chromosomes did the mice inherit from each parent? how many chromosomes would each daughter cell have after mitosis?.
All somatic (body) cells have 46 chromosomes (40 in the mouse), of which half originated from the mother and half from the father. Gametes (sperm and egg) are not referred to be somatic (body) cells.
The cell has two 46-chromosome groups when mitosis is finished, each encased in its own nuclear membrane. The cell then undergoes a process known as cytokinesis to divide into two identical copies, each of which has 46 monovalent chromosomes.
However, the cell divides into two during cytokinesis, leaving each daughter cell with 46 chromosomes or 23 pairs of chromosomes. The amount of chromosomes in the sex cell will be half that of the somatic cell since meiosis is a reductional division.
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all living things, which are made of cells, must make atp energy to survive.
Adenosine triphosphate or ATP is a substance that cells use as a manageable source of energy. Given that it serves as the common energy source for all living cells, the energy-carrying molecule (ATP) is referred to as "the currency of life."
Each and every one of the cells that make up a living thing needs ATP to function. The energy from the food we eat is then used to create ATP. It serves as a fundamental building block for all living things. Without ATP, cells wouldn't have the energy or capacity to carry out the tasks required for survival, and they would inevitably perish. ATP is essential for all life forms to perform the tasks necessary for survival. ATP stands for a fully charged battery, whereas ADP stands for "low-power mode," much like a rechargeable battery with a variable level of charge. There are two types of cellular respiration that mitochondria can use to turn glucose into ATP: aerobic and anaerobic that further includes the process of glycolysis, Krebs-cycle, and Electron transport chain
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what are the similarities and differences between plant and animal cells in terms of structure and function?
Answer:
Animal cells are mostly round and irregular in shape while plant cells have fixed, rectangular shapes. Plant and animal cells are both eukaryotic cells, so they have several features in common, such as the presence of a cell membrane, and cell organelles, like the nucleus, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum.