Frank was bitten by a rattlesnake and given anti-venom containing neutralizing antibodies. Frank will have acquired long-term artificially acquired passive immunity and active immunity naturally he will have as a result.
What is active immunity?Active immunity occurs when exposure to a diseased organism triggers the immune system to produce antibodies against that disease.
What is passive immunization?Passive immunization occurs when the body already receives the antibodies ready, instead of stimulating their production. The main difference is that, in passive immunization, the body does not produce memory cells, fighting the organisms only once.
With this information, we can conclude that Active immunity is when the individual's own body produces an immune response.
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What is the approximate diameter of one cell
The approximate diameter of one cell is 0.01 – 0.10 mm.
What is cell size?Cell size is defined as the variable that is used to show how big or small is the cell of an organism.
The cell is defined as the structural and functional unit of a living organism.
The most animal and plant cells are 0.01 – 0.10 mm in size when viewed under the microscope.
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give reason : the root of the chilli is tap root
Answer:
Root system of chilli crop is highly branched with a tap root at centre. Chilli plants withstand drought better than excess soil moisture. Taproots anchor plants deeply, helping to prevent the wind from blowing them over and stabilizing plants that grow in areas of shifting soils such as beaches or sand dunes
If you were able to look very closely at a portion of dna and find methylated histones, you would:___.
If you were able to look very closely at a portion of dna and find methylated histones, you would be looking at a region of inactive chromatin.
Histone methylation is the process by which methyl groups are added to the histone protein amino acids, which create the nucleosomes around which the DNA double helix coils to form chromosomes.Histone methylation is the addition of one, two, or three methyl groups to certain amino acids within a histone protein. Histones are coiled around DNA in the cell nucleus.These findings collectively imply that DNA methylation can be either active—as a probable contributor to levels of gene expression variation—or passive—as a result of or a separate indicator of gene expression levels.learn more about methylated histones here: https://brainly.com/question/14643590
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Mycoplasmas differ from other bacteria in that they Group of answer choices Lack a cell wall. Are acid-fast. Are motile. Are gram-negative. Grow inside host cells.
Mycoplasmas differ from other bacteria in that they Lack a cell wall.
Mycoplasmas are different from bacteria as it can cause a wide range of infections and diseases. Mycoplasmas are phenotypically distinguished from other bacteria by their small size and complete absence of a cell wall. Lack of cell wall can be used to separate the mycoplasms from bacteria. It is a genus of bacteria that, like other members of the class Mollicutes, lack a cell wall around their cell membranes. Peptidoglycan is absent. This property makes them naturally resistant to antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis. They can be parasitic or saprotrophic
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What is the main benefit of storing glucose in a cell as a polysaccharide (e.g., glycogen) instead of as free glucose?
The main benefit of storing glucose in a cell as a polysaccharide (e.g., glycogen) instead of as free glucose is that polysaccharide take up less physical space. The polysaccharide is less susceptible to undesired oxidation.
Glucose molecules are soluble in water and thus can cause the cell to become hypertonic.
This will result in the entry of water molecules within the cells and cause it to lyse.
On the other hand, glycogen is insoluble in water and therefore stays inert. It does not cause any imbalance in osmotic pressure.
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In negative control of transcription by the lac operon, how does the presence of an inducer affect transcription?.
If the inducer [allolactose] is present in the negative control then it will bind to the repressor decreasing its ability to bind to the operator due to which the transcription begins again and the operon is turned on.
Lac Operon is a set of three genes z, y & a which are regulated under the same promoter which regulates the amount of lactose production in the cell.
An inducer is a molecule that has the ability to induce or activate the operon. ex- in the case of the lac operon, allolactose acts as an inducer.
A repressor is a molecule that will repress or restricts the transcription of the genes of the operon, as a result, the operon will be switched off.
When the lac operon is under negative control, with no CAP [catabolite repressor protein] binding activity, the repressor remains active and thus binds to the operator region of the operon, as a result, no transcription takes place and the operon will be switched off.
But if the inducer will be present even in the negative control then the transcription takes place and the operon will be on.
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Identify the major species, other than water and potassium ions, at these points
The major species at the points are:
A = acetic acidB = acetate ionC = acetate ionD = hydroxide ionWhat are the the major species, other than water and potassium ions, at the given points?The reaction between acetic acid and potassium hydroxide is a neutralization reaction.
The equation of the reaction is given below:
CH₃COOH + KOH → CH₃COOK + H₂OThe graph of the titration shown, the major species at the points are as follows:
A = acetic acidB = acetate ionC = acetate ionD = hydroxide ionIn conclusion, the reaction between acetic acid and potassium hydroxide produces potassium acetate and water.
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What if the light intensity was 1000, but the only available wavelengths was 400. What do you predict would happen to the ATP production, and why?
ATP production depends only on intensity of light and not on wavelength of light.
The production of plant food, the size and color of leaves, and flowering are all impacted by light intensity. Plants that are grown in low light typically have spindly growth and leaves that are light green. Similar plants cultivated under intense lighting typically have shorter, better branches and larger, dark green leaves.
Lack of light causes the plants' leaves to yellow, their stems to weaken, and their leaves to shrink. Lack of light causes plants to eventually lose their color and perish. The growth of plants can potentially be harmed by excessive light exposure. One of the many elements influencing plant growth is light.
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The muscles that retract the scapula are the?
Synaptic potentials that do not depolarize membrane potential enough to reach threshold are known as ______.
Synaptic potentials that do not depolarize membrane potential enough to reach threshold are known as hyperpolarization.
Electrical signals that travel from one region of the nervous system to another define it. The signal must move along an axon, regardless of how close together or how far apart those locations are. The carefully regulated ion distribution across the membrane forms the foundation of the electrical signal. In a resting state, the membrane has stable Na+ and K+ concentrations on each side.
A stimulus will cause the membrane to depolarize, and voltage-gated channels will cause the membrane to depolarize even more before repolarizing. Action potentials finish with a slight overshoot of hyperpolarization.
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Marfan syndrome is caused by a defect in FBN1 gene located on chromosome 15. The gene normally encodes the fibrilllin-1, which is important for the elasticity and appropriate growth of connective tissue. The defect in the gene that causes Marfan syndrome results in a decrease in the amount of functional fibrillin-1 produced. One defective copy of the gene is sufficient to cause Marfan syndrome.
Marfan syndrome is an autosomal dominant condition.
What is Marfan Syndrome?Connective tissue, or the fibers that support and anchor your organs and other body components, is harmed by Marfan syndrome, a genetic disorder. Most frequently, the heart, eyes, blood arteries, and skeleton are impacted by Marfan syndrome.
It happens because one healthy copy of the FBN1 gene is not sufficient to sustain the normal development of connective tissue.
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Most cytochrome p450 enzymes alter the activity of drugs by?
Most cytochrome p450 enzymes can alter the activity of drugs by oxidizing them.
What is the cytochrome p450 enzyme?The cytochrome p450 enzyme is a family of monooxygenases that act during the electron transport chain of the process of cellular respiration.
This enzyme (cytochrome p450 enzyme) is able to oxide different types of molecules such as lipids and steroids during oxide reduction (redox) chemical reactions.
The inhibition of the activity of the cytochrome p450 enzyme can alter cellular activity, thereby the cell cannot survive.
In conclusion, most cytochrome p450 enzymes can alter the activity of drugs by oxidizing them.
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g Why is a vegetarian diet ecologically and energetically less expensive than a diet that includes meat
Vegetarians have more energy available since they are one trophic level lower than the other parents. Producers are essentially where vegetarianism begins.
What is vegetarian diet?Diets based on plants typically use a lot less energy than diets based on livestock. This is mostly a result of the need to feed livestock animals a lot of vegetation. For instance, when a person consumes a plant, around 20% of the plant's energy is transferred to the person for use as fuel or to repair bodily tissue.The same grains and soybeans that are farmed for animal feed are also used to feed humans. Feeding meat eaters requires more space than feeding vegetarians does. Additionally, a pound of beef requires 5 to 15 pounds of grain to be produced.Vegetarians have more energy available since they are one trophic level lower than the other parents. Producers are essentially where vegetarianism begins.Learn more about vegetarian diet here:
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Please help me with this question! I will give crown when it will be available!!
Answer:
1515 millions of km
Explanation:
Neptune is in between Uranus and Pluto, so if you find out what the distance is in between Uranus and Pluto from the sun, it's a decent approximation. 5900-2870 = 3030. 3030/2 = 1515
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Disruption of the ________ of cardiac muscle tissue would interfere with the heart's ability to beat in synchronous fashion.
Disruption in the intercalated discs in the cardiac muscles would interfere with the hearts ability to beat in synchronous manner.
The important salient features of intercalated disc are-
These intercalated disc in cardiac muscles of the heart create connections between nearby cells The intercalated disc provides for coordinated operation of the cardiac cells and is highly specialised to facilitate the beatingExtensive folds and intercellular junctions for mechanical and electrical interactions between neighbouring cells make up the intercalated disc at the ends of muscle cellsThe electrical characteristics of the cardiac muscle cells and the passage of electrical information from one region of the heart to another determine the rate at which the heart contracts and the synchronisation of atrial and ventricular contraction necessary for the efficient pumping of blood.
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Describe the difference in gland structure between a salivary and a mammary gland.
The salivary glands and the mammary glands differ in structure on the basis of their basal epithelial cells.
The salivary glands have branched ducts which open in oral cavity. They also have saliva secreting glandular secretory end pieces called acini. The mammary glands contain alveoli which are lined by epithelial cells that secrete milk. The alveoli group together to form structures known as lobules each of which has a lactiferous duct.
In both these glands, the epithelium gets arranged into alveoli but in salivary glands, a single basal epithelial cell happens to cover the top of each alveolus but in the mammary glands, a number of basal epithelial cells are draped over each alveolus.
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What is the name of the important filter that protects the baby from virus/bacteria?.
The name of the important filter that protects the baby from virus/bacteria is the villi
This goes to say that the villi helps to prevent some bacteria and viruses from infecting babies.
What are pathogenic or infectious organisms?Pathogenic or infectious organisms are organisms which causes diseases to plants and animals.
Some examples of pathogenic or infectious organisms are:
BacteriaViruesSo therefore the name of the important filter that protects the baby from virus/bacteria is the villi
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Which sensory receptors would play the biggest part in alerting you when you have forgotten to wash your gym socks for 3 weeks
Olfactory receptors would play the biggest part in alerting you when you have forgotten to wash your gym socks for 3 weeks.
How are the olfactory receptors activated?Olfactory receptor, often known as the "smell receptor," is a protein that can bind odor molecules and is essential for the perception of smell (olfaction). Arthropods, terrestrial vertebrates, fish, and other creatures all share these receptors. Airborne odor molecules that reach the nasal cavity and bind to olfactory receptors can be detected by olfactory receptors.
The bipolar neurons themselves are specialized because each olfactory sensory neuron has a single type of receptor on its cilia, and those receptors are designed to detect particular odorants. The hypothalamus receives information from the olfactory tracts. In the mucus, odorants break down and attach to receptors. The olfactory bulbs get impulses from mitral cells.
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Identical twins are produced from the same sperm and egg (which splits after the first mitotic division), whereas fraternal twins are produced from separate sperm and separate egg cells. If two parents with brown eyes (a dominant trait) produce one twin boy with blue eyes, what are the following probabilities? A. If the other twin is identical, he will have blue eyes. B. If the other twin is fraternal, he or she will have blue eyes. C. If the other twin is fraternal, he or she will transmit the blue eye allele to his or her offspring. D. The parents are both heterozygotes
Answer:
A: 100%
B: 25%
C: 25%
D: 100%
Strepsirrhines have a special trait resulting from the crowding of multiple lower incisors and canines called a Group of answer choices bilophodont. two-ridge tooth. diastema. tooth comb.
Correct answer-
Tooth comb- This is the correct answer because animals under Strepsirrhines have a unique feature in their teeth which is known as the tooth comb. Strepsirrhines are a suborder of animals, belonging to the class primates. The tooth comb forms as a result of crowding of multiple incisors and canines.
Incorrect answers-
bilophodont- This is incorrect because this type of teeth are characterized by the presence of two crests in their molars. These type of molars are found in monkeys that belong to the older generations of primates and are also found in rhinos, pigs and tapirs. two-ridge tooth- This is incorrect because this is not an unique feature of the Strepsirrhines. This kind of teeth are found in all humans and can be located in the pre-molars.diastema- This is incorrect because this is a gap between two teeth. This is also not an unique feature of Strepsirrhines. Tooth gap is also a common feature in humans.Learn more about tooth comb here-
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The ability of a muscle to contract and relax is dependent on the flow of what substance out of and into its storage site in the muscle cell? calcium chloride phosphorus iron
The ability of a muscle to contract and relax is dependent on the flow of calcium out of and into its storage site in the muscle cell.
Microfilaments travel over thick filaments as muscles flex.
The sliding filament theory describes how muscles contract. Myofilaments within your muscle fibers grasp hold of one another and slide to create a muscular contraction during this phase. However, without the presence of calcium, this is not possible. The myofilaments that cause a contraction are actin and myosin. Myosin grabs hold of actin via a myosin crossbridge, which resembles a small arm, to alter the form of the muscle. The tropomyosin molecule prevents the crossbridge from attaching at the precise location where it is required to do so. In addition to being connected to actin, tropomyosin is also connected to troponin. Calcium is released into the fiber in response to nervous system stimulation for a contraction.It associates with troponin and induces it to shift tropomyosin, revealing the myosin cross bridge's binding location. The muscle can now contract since calcium is present.learn more about muscle here: https://brainly.com/question/13920046
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The ADME process that involves the movement of drug molecules from the site of administration, across cell membranes, and into the circulatory system of the body is known as
Answer: absorption
Explanation: process from site of administration till it reaches circulatory system.
Transgression of the Kaskaskia sea promoted reef formation in what is today Western Canada; which of the following statements is NOT true about these reefs.
The statement which is not true about the reefs is that they contain dinosaur fossils
What are reefs?Reefs simply refers to chain of rocks or coral near the surface of water
Some few examples of reefs are as follows:
Rainbow reefRed sea coral reefSo therefore, the statement which is not true about the reefs is that they contain dinosaur fossils
Complete question:
Transgression of the Kaskaskia sea promoted reef formation in what is today Western Canada; which of the following statements is NOT true about these reefs.
A. They contain calcium carbonate
B. They contain dinosaur fossils.
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Wat is the location where the synthesis of triacylglycerols from free fatty acids occurs. which molecule is least important in this synthesis?
During synthesis of triacylglycerols from free fatty acids Acetyl-CoA is least important in this synthesis.
Acetyl-CoA would not be important because thats what that product is based from the synthesis,
The biosynthesis of triacylglycerol occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and involves acyl-editing of fatty acyl chains within the nitrogenous phospholipids of the ER.
The enzyme glycerol kinase has no role to play in the synthesis of triacylglycerol.
Pancreatic enzymes called lipases then hydrolyze the dispersed fats to give monoglycerides and free fatty acids. These products are absorbed into the cells lining the small intestine, where they are resynthesized into triglycerides.
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Describe the normal ventilation cycle of inspiration and expiration?
In common terms, the ventilation cycle is known as “Breathing” and its cycle is in and out movement of air from the lungs. Inspiration is defined as airflow inside the lung and expiration is when the air leaves the lungs with a small pause between inspiration and expiration known as the rest period.
For the body to get oxygen and expel carbon dioxide, inspiration (breathing in) and expiration (breathing out) are essential actions. Expiration is often passive unless it is pushed, whereas inspiration involves the active contraction of muscles, such as the diaphragm.
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An X-linked gene is Group of answer choices a gene that is turned on (makes protein) only when the female hormone estrogen is present. a gene on the X chromosome that encodes traits seen only in females. a gene that encodes traits seen only in females. a gene on the X chromosome. a gene found on any chromosome; they are X-shaped when they are metaphase chromosomes.
An X-linked gene is a gene on the X chromosome.
When a gene is available on the X chromosome, not on the Y chromosome, it is supposed to be X-linked. X-linked genes have different inheritance designs than genes on non-sex chromosomes or can say on autosomes. That is on the grounds that these genes are available in various duplicate numbers in males and females.
These disorders are significantly more typical in men than they are in females because of their X-linked inheritance design.
Females who are heterozygous for disordered alleles are supposed to be carriers, and they ordinarily show no side effects themselves. Children of these females have a 50 percent chance of getting the disorder, yet girls have minimal possibility of getting the disorder (except if the dad likewise has it), and will rather have a 50 percent chance of being carriers.
The alleles for specific circumstances including a few types of color blindness, hemophilia, and muscle dystrophy are X-linked.
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The use of a thiazide diuretic that inhibits NaCl reabsorption in the distal tubule does which of the following
Thiazide diuretics promote natriuresis and diuresis.
Thiazide diuretics are an FDA-approved class of drugs that inhibit reabsorption of 3% to 5% of luminal sodium in the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron. By doing so, thiazide diuretics promote natriuresis and diuresis.
What is Thiazide diuretics ?Thiazide diuretics are a common treatment for high blood pressure (hypertension). They are also used to clear fluid from the body in conditions where your body accumulates too much fluid, such as heart failure.
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There is a significant forward slippage on one vertebra in this lateral radiograph. which vertebra?
Its a degree of slippage of one vertebral body on the adjacent body. Spondylolisthesis is a condition , it occurs when vertebral body slips with respect to adjacent body of vertebra.
Its causes back pain but nor dangerous and not life long ,its normal . Medication and physical therapies can helpful.The treatment for slippage is depends on the severity of pain and vertebra slippage.
Non surgical treatment can helps ease pain and make stronger the bone.There are some initial symptoms of slippage such as pain in your lower back when your standing for a long or setting in improper way, pain spreading to your bottom or things.
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Would a drug that acts by disrupting the nuclear envelope (the double membrane surrounding the nucleus) be effective for treating bacterial infections
No, the drug which acts by disrupting the nuclear envelope will not be effective for treating bacterial infection.
Bacteria do not have the membrane-bound nuclei that are seen in eukaryotic cells; instead, their DNA forms a tangle that is referred to as a nucleoid. However, there is no membrane present around the nucleoid, and the DNA is not coupled to proteins like it is in eukaryotic cells. Loops can be seen in the DNA of bacteria, in contrast to the linear structures that make up chromosomes in eukaryotic cells.
Therefore, the drug will not be effective in treating bacterial infections as bacterial cells lack a double-membrane structure surrounding the nucleus.
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Along with other distinct traits, robust australopithecines had large __________ adapted for grinding food. Group of answer choices temporalis muscles and a sagittal crest front teeth and small back teeth premolars, molars, temporalis muscles, and a sagittal crest premolars and molars
Along with other distinct traits, robust australopithecines had large temporalis muscles and a sagittal crest, and large premolars and molars adapted for grinding food.
Robust australopithecines belong to the Australopithecus genus, they are known as robust because of their dietary adaptations that allowed them to eat hard and fibrous food that needs vigorous chewing and grinding.
They were adapted to eat seeds, nuts, plant roots, tubers, etc. They had large temporalis muscle (major muscle for chewing) and a large sagittal crest for attachment of temporalis muscle to the skull for chewing hard and fibrous foods.
They also had large premolars and molars to aid in chewing tough plant materials like roots and tubers.
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