For the recrystallisation step, we need 71.4ml of ethanol for the solubility of aspirin which has 100% yield.
What is solubility?
Solubility is the ability of a solute to dissolve in solvent to make a solution at a given temperature. This is because of the intermolecular forces balance between solute and solvent and change in entropy.
In 100 ml of the solution, the solubility of aspirin is 40 g. The mass of aspirin is not indicated in the problem, so it can be assumed that the mass of aspirin needed is 40 g. With this, the volume of the solution can be calculated.
Volume of the solution = 40g x 100ml/40g = 100ml
Density of aspirin = 1.4g/ml
Volume of aspirin = 40g x 1ml/1.4g = 28.57ml
Volume of ethanol = 100ml - 28.57ml = 71.4 ml
Therefore, the solubility of 40g of aspirin when yield is 100% requires 71.4ml of ethanol.
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the half-life of the reaction in trial 4 is less than the half-life in trial 1. explain why, in terms of activation energy.
Trial 4's half-life of the reaction is shorter than Trial 1's half-life. Because the activation energy and half life are both precisely related. In comparison to trail 4, trail 1 activation energy is higher.
A reaction's t1/2, or half-life, It occurs when the concentration of a reactant is halved from its starting concentration. T1/2 is used to represent it.
Activation energy is the required amount of energy to start the reaction. Kilojoules per mole (kJ/mol) is the unit used to measure the activation energy (Ea) of a reaction. Activation energy is the force that causes an object to begin acting in a certain way or to start a specific process.
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the molar heat of fusion of water is 6.02 kj/mol. calculate the energy required to melt 46.8 g of water.
When the molar heat of fusion of water is 6.02 kJ/mol, it takes 15.4 kJ of energy to melt 46.8 g of water. The enthalpy of a substance changes due to heat of fusion , which releases energy.
To convert a substance from a solid to a liquid while maintaining pressure, a certain amount of the substance must be used.
A thermodynamic system's enthalpy, which is one of its properties, is calculated by adding the system's internal energy to the product of its pressure and volume. It is a state heat of fusion that is employed in numerous measurements in chemical, biological, and physical systems while the pressure is constant. Called enthalpy
46g/18g equals mols of water.
mole-1 equals 2.56 mole
1 mole melts at a temperature of 6.02KJ of heat.
Heat needed to melt 2.56 moles is equal to 6.02kJ*2.56 = 15.4kJ.
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a. is the diode forward or reverse biased? explain your answer. b. what is the acceptor concentration on the p-side? c. what is the donor concentration on the n-side? d. what is the intrinsic carrier concentration? e. do low level injection conditions apply? f. what bias (in volts) is applied to the diode?
The diode is forward-biased. The acceptor concentration on the p-side is [tex]N_{A}[/tex] = 10¹⁶ cm⁻³. The donor concentration on the n-side is [tex]N_{D}[/tex] = 10¹⁴ cm⁻³. The intrinsic carrier concentration is [tex]n_{i}[/tex] = 3.16×10¹¹ cm⁻³. Yes, the low-level injection condition applies. The bias (in volts) applied to the diode is [tex]V_{A}[/tex] = 0.18V.
The diode is forward-biased because of the excess electrons on the P-side and the excess holes on the N-side. In the intrinsic carrier concentration on the P-side n₀p₀ = 10¹⁶ × 10⁷ = 10²³ = [tex]n_{i}[/tex] = √10²³ = 3.16×10¹¹ cm⁻³, while on the N-side n₀p₀ = 10¹⁴×10⁹ = [tex]n_{i}[/tex] = √10²³ = 3.16×10¹¹. The low-level injection applies on the P-side as Δn(-[tex]x_{p}[/tex]) = 10¹⁰ << p₀ and on the N-side Δp([tex]x_{n}[/tex])=10¹² << n₀ = 10¹⁴.
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explain why chromatography separates substances in the mixture
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WILL MARK BRAINLIEST! 100 POINTS!
A solution of 0.2 M sulfuric acid is titrated with a 0.2 M basic solution. In three to five sentences, explain how you can use the results of the titration as evidence for the ratio of sulfuric acid and the base in the balanced chemical reaction for the titration.
(Please answer in three to five sentences)
If there are 0.2 M solutions of both acid and base, the concentrations of hydrogen and hydroxide ions will be equal at equivalence point.
The reaction of sulfuric acid and a basic solution BOH occurs as follows;
H2SO4(aq) + 2BOH(aq) -----> B2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(l)
In the question, we are told that that both the solution of the sulfuric acid and the basic solution are 0.2 M.
The point where all the hydrogen and hydroxide ions have reacted according to the stoichiometry of the reaction. If there is really equimolar amounts of acid and base, the concentration of hydrogen and hydroxide ions will be equal at equivalence point.
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the bromophenol blue endpoint is surpassed in the back titration of the excess hcl with the sodium hydroxide titrant. as a result of this technique error, will the reported amount of antacid in the sample be too high or too low? explain.
The reported amount of antacid in the sample will be too high.
What are antacids?
Antacids are simply assembled salts and salk like compound which help in neutralizing of acids.This Neutralization reaction by antacids leads to various products such as other salts, water and possibly carbondioxid which results in hydrolysis and insoluble compound precipitation. There is a noticeable decline in the neutralizing ability by antacids and neutralization rate of aluminum-containing antacids when they are neutralized ny antacids in the presence of organic acids, peptones, and polypeptides.
In above case, the reported amount of antacid will be high because it will report as more NaOH needed to neutralize a greater amount of HCl.
Hence, The reported amount of antacid will be too high.
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The sample's antacid content will be overstated in the reported amount.
What are antacids?
Simple salts and salk-like compounds that are assembled to form antacids aid in neutralising acids. Antacids' neutralisation reaction produces a number of byproducts, including other salts, water, and possibly carbon dioxide, which causes hydrolysis and the precipitation of insoluble compounds. When aluminum-containing antacids are neutralised by antacids inside the presence of organic acids, peptones, and polypeptides, there is a discernible decline in their ability to neutralise and rate of neutralisation.
In the aforementioned situation, the reported amount of antacid would be high because more NaOH will be required to neutralise a larger amount of HCl.
Hence, The reported amount of antacid will be too high.
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How many moles
moles are in 1850 grams of sucrose?
Answer:
grams Sucrose = 0.0029214440066693 mole using the molecular weight calculator and the molar mass of C12H22O11.
Answer: 5.41 moles
N=m/M
= 1850/12*12+22*1+16*11
N= 5.41 moles
Is a Covalent bond stronger than an Ionic Bond?
Answer:
yes
Explanation:
because of the close sharing of pairs of electrons
Because of the close sharing of pairs of electrons (one electron from each of two atoms), covalent bonds are stronger than ionic bonds.
Explanation:Ionic bonds are formed by the complete transfer of electrons and covalent bonds are formed by sharing of electrons. The force between ionic bonds is electrostatic force, while that in covalent bonds is Van der Waals force. Generally, ionic bonds are much stronger than covalent bonds. In ionic bonds, there is a complete transfer of electrons between elements to form a stable compound. While in a covalent bond, there is only sharing of electrons between two elements to form a stable compound. The force that keeps the ions together is the electrostatic force and the force that keeps the elements together bonded with covalent bonds is the Van Der Waals force. As there is a complete transfer of electrons in ionic bonds, cations and anions are formed. Thus there exists a huge electrostatic force of attraction between these ions.
Question 1: (answer in place of item 13)
2C2H3AgO2 + K2CrO4 = C2H3KO2 + __________
Silver Acetate combines with Potassium Chromate to produce Potassium Acetate and a final product. Knowing that the equation must balance - what is that final product?
Question 2:(answer in place of item 14)
When chlorine gas is bubbled through a solution of sodium bromide, a reaction occurs which produces salt (sodium chloride) and bromine gas.
Determine what is being oxidized and what is being reduced.
Identify the oxidizing and reducing agents.
Cl2(g) + 2NaBr(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + Br2(l)
Question 3:(answer in place of item 15)
The battery below is allowed to operate for 8 hours. At the end of this time the zinc strip is visibly corroded and much smaller while the copper strip is shiny and thicker.
Which way (left-right or right-left) are electrons flowing.
Is the zinc being reduced or oxidized? How do you know?
1) The reaction is as :
2C₂H₃AgO₂ + K₂CrO₄ ------> 2C₂H₃KO₂ + Ag₂CrO₄
2) chlorine is reduced. bromine is oxidizes.
1) In the question is given that : silver acetate combines with potassium chromate to produce potassium acetate and the final product is silver chromate. the reaction is given as :
2C₂H₃AgO₂ + K₂CrO₄ ------> 2C₂H₃KO₂ + Ag₂CrO₄
2) When chlorine gas is bubbled through a solution of sodium bromide, a reaction occurs which produces salt (sodium chloride) and bromine gas.
Cl₂ + 2NaBr -----> 2NaCl + Br₂
The chlorine oxidation state changes to 0 to -1 . so chlorine is reduced.
The oxidation state of brome is changes from -1 to . so bromine is oxidizes.
Thus, 1) The reaction is as :
2C₂H₃AgO₂ + K₂CrO₄ ------> 2C₂H₃KO₂ + Ag₂CrO₄
2) chlorine is reduced. bromine is oxidizes.
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Draw a valid lewis structure for methane, ch4. What is the formal charge on the carbon atom?.
Methane is the common name for methane. In the organic molecule, it is the simplest hydrocarbon and a hydride of carbon. Tetrahedral in shape and with an exact bond angle of 109.50 in Lewis structure.
The methane molecule has the Lewis structure, Dots are used to indicate the positions of electrons surrounding the atoms in a molecule, while lines or pairs of dots are used to represent covalent connections between atoms in a Lewis structure. The goal of creating a Lewis dot structure is to locate the molecules' lone electron pairs in order to establish how chemical bonds are formed. Natural gas's primary component and the simplest alkane is methane, a chemical molecule with the molecular formula methane (one carbon atom bound to four hydrogen atoms).
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4. How is a straight average different from a weighted average?
When calculating the straight average or arithmetic average, all numbers are treated equally and are weighted equally. Weighted averaging, however, assigns a weight that predetermines the relative importance of each data point. Weighted averages are most often calculated to even out the frequency of values in a data set.
What are straight average and weighted average ?
The straight average is calculated by adding the earned totals and dividing by the possible totals using points or percentages for the current grading period assignment. The weighted average assigns an importance (or weight) to each number. Weighted averages are more useful than regular averages because they provide more nuance. Less important data are given less weight, so more important data have more impact on results
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What is another name for the activation energy barrier in a reaction?
A.
transition state
B.
changing state
C.
top of reaction
D.
needed energy
Please help me.
a ground-state h atom absorbs a photon of wavelength 93.78 nm, and its electron attains a higher energy level. the atom then emits two photons: one of wavelength 2626 nm to reach an intermediate level, and a second to reach the ground state. what was the wavelength of the second photon emitted?
Wavelength of the second photon emitted is 97.3nm. By using the formula E = hc/λ.
What is hydrogen energy level?A photon's frequency and Planck's constant are used to calculate the quantum energy. The relationship between wavelength and frequency is inverse, as seen below.
v = c/ λ
The energy of photon of light: given by the formula,
E = hv
E = hc/λ
Given,
wavelength of photon of light at higher energy level is 93.78 nm.
wavelength of photon of light at intermediate level is 2626 nm = 2626×10⁻⁹m
Etotal = hc/λ
Where,
E is the energy of a photon.
h is the Planck's constant (6.626×10⁻³⁴J⋅s)
c is the speed of light (3.0×10⁸m/s)
λ is the wavelength, wavelength is 93.78 nm.
1nm = 1×10⁻⁹m
Therefore, conversion of 93.78 nm into m is, 93.78nm=93.78×10⁻⁹m
Substitute:
Etotal = [tex]\frac{(6.626 . 10^{-34} )(3.0 . 10^{8}) }{93.78 .10^{-9} }[/tex]
Etotal = 2.12 × 10⁻¹⁸ J
the energy of 1 photon, E1 = [tex]\frac{(6.626 . 10^{-34} )(3.0 . 10^{8}) }{2626 .10^{-9} }[/tex]
E1= 7.57×10⁻²⁰
the energy of 2 photon, E2 = Etotal-E1
E2 = 2.044× 10⁻¹⁸J
wavelength of second photon,
λ = hc/E2
λ = [tex]\frac{(6.626 . 10^{-34} )(3.0 . 10^{8}) }{2.04 .10^{-18} }[/tex]
λ = 9.73 × 10⁻⁸m
conversion of m into nm, 1m = 1×10⁹nm
Therefore, conversion of 9.73×10⁻⁸m into nm is
9.73×10⁻⁸m = 9.73×10⁻⁸×10⁹nm =97.3nm
∴ wavelength of second emitted photon is 97.3nm.
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what salt water body does the water you use in your home travel to?
Other natural therapies, such as salt water, can help soothe a sore throat. Gargling with salt water works well to destroy bacteria, reduce discomfort, and loosen mucus.
What does "remedying a situation" mean?When you fix something that is broken or harmful, you enhance it. To correct the situation, a lot has been done inside. Synonyms include rectify, redress, and reform. More remedies' opposites.
Describe the four treatments.The four primary categories of judicial remedies are (1) damages, (2) restitution, (3) coercive remedies, and (4) declaratory remedies. These categories are organized according to their intended use. Damages are typically used as a remedy to make up for any harm that has been done to the affected party.
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A gas at 65.0°C occupies 4.22 L. If the pressure remains the same, at which
Celsius temperature will the volume be 3.87 L?
A gas at 65.0°C occupies 4.22 L. If the pressure remains the same, at which Celsius temperature will the volume be 3.87 L out to be 310 degrees
You can leave the pressure out of both sides of the equation since the pressure is constant to make it easy.
so all you have is volume over Temp = new volume over new temp which is we don't know.
4.22 liters over 338 Kelvin = 3.87 liters over T
cross multiply and solve for T which comes out to be 310 degrees K or 37 degrees C
Yes you are right it is 310
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For many purposes we can treat propane C3H8 as an ideal gas at temperatures above its boiling point of −42.°C Suppose the temperature of a sample of propane gas is raised from -28.0°C to 9.0°C, and at the same time the pressure is increased by 5.0%
The percent change in volume is 21 %.
given that :
Temperature T1 = 245 K
temperature T2= 282 K
Pressure P1 = P
pressure P2 = P - 0.05 = 0.95 P
V1 = V
V2 = ?
using the ideal gas equation , we get :
P1 V1 / T1 = P2 T2 / V2
V2 = ( P1 V1 T2 ) ( P2 T1 )
V2 = ( P × V × 282 ) /( 0.95P × 245)
V2 = 1.21 V
change in volume = V2 - V1 = 1.21 V - V
= 0.21
% change in volume = 0.21 × 100 %
= 21 %
Thus, The percent change in volume is 21 %.
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which statement is correct for an endothermic reaction? a. bonds in the products are stronger than the bonds in the reactants. b. bonds in the reactants are stronger than the bonds in the products. c. the enthalpy of the products is less than that of the reactants. d. the reaction is spontaneous
It is appropriate for just an endothermic reaction when the reactant's bonds are stronger than the product's bonds.
The correct answer is B
What is an endothermic reaction?Chemical reactions classified as endothermic occur when the reactants absorb heat energy from their surroundings to produce products. These occurrences have a cooling effect because they make their immediate surroundings colder.
What action is endothermic?If heat is absorbed by system from of the environment, the reaction and physical change is endothermic. As a result of the system absorbing heat from its surroundings during an endothermic process, the environment's temperature drops.
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a 0.2046 g sample of a diprotic acid of the general formula h2a required 18.55 ml of a 0.1040 m naoh solution to neutralize it in an acid-base titration. what is the molar mass of the diprotic acid?
The molar mass of the diprotic acid is 212 grams/mol.
Perimeter
Mass of a diprotic acid = m₂ = 0.2046 gThe general formula H₂A Volume of NaOH = V₁ = 18.55 mL = 0.01855 LMolarity of NaOH = M₁ = 0.1040 MCalculate the mole of a diprotic acid
n NaOH = M₁ × V₁Calculate the molar mass
[tex]n_2 = \frac{m_2}{M_2}[/tex]
[tex]M_2 = \frac{m_2}{n_2}[/tex]
[tex]M_2 = \frac{0.2046}{0.0009646}[/tex]
M₂ = 212 g/mol
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100. grams of ammonia (nh3) is dissolved in a 8.3 l solution. what is the molarity of the resulting solution? report your answer with the correct number of significant figures.
The molarity of a resulting solution is 0.707 mol/L
The molarity of a solution is defined by the amount of solute in moles divided by the volumes of solution in litres.
1 grams of ammonia is equals to 0.05872 mol
100 grams of ammonia is equals to 5.872 mol
Molarity of a resulting solution would be = 100 gm of NH3 / 8.3 L of a solution.
That is 5.872 moles of NH3 / 8.3 of a solution.
Molarity of a resulting solution would be 0.707 mol/L of a solution.
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Ignoring sign which transition is associated with the greatest energy change?
N=1 to n=3
N=3 to n=5
N=2 to n=1
N=3 to n=2
According to the given statement The transition from n=1 to n=3 results in the largest energy change.
How do you calculate energy change?Energy change Equals energy in Minus energy out. To calculate the energy transfer for a reaction, add the bond energy for all the atoms in the reactants (this is the "energy in") and the bond values for all the bonds with in products (this is the "energy out").
What causes energy to change?Energy is capable of changing its forms. For instance, electrical energy transforms into thermal and light heat when a lightbulb is turned on. A automobile transforms the gasoline's molecular bonds' stored energy into a variety of other forms. Chemical energy is converted to light in the engine through a chemical reaction.
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what is the concentration of ammonia ( n h 3 ) in solution if 24.60 ml of 0.1080 m hcl is needed to titrate a 250 ml sample of the ammonia solution to the end point?
According to the given statement A solution's ammonia concentration will be 0.0106 M.
What is concentration in chemistry?The amount of solute contained in a specific solution volume is the substance's concentrations. The molarity of solute for 1 L of solution, or molarity, is used to express quantities.
Briefing:NH₄OH(aq) + HCl (aq)⇒ NH4Cl(aq) + H2O (l)
According to the neutralization law,
n[tex]_1[/tex]M[tex]_1[/tex]V[tex]_1[/tex] = n[tex]_2[/tex]M[tex]_2[/tex]V[tex]_2[/tex]
where,
M[tex]_1[/tex] = molarity of HCl solution = 0.1080 M
V[tex]_1[/tex] = volume of HCl solution = 24.60 ml
M[tex]_2[/tex] = molarity of NH₄OHsolution = ?
V[tex]_2[/tex] = volume of NH₄OH solution = 250.0 ml
n[tex]_1[/tex] = valency of HCl = 1
n[tex]_2[/tex] = valency of NH₄OH= 1
1 * 0.1080 M * 24.60 = 1 * M2 * 250.0
M2 = 0.0106
As a result, a solution's ammonia concentration will be 0.0106 M.
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What is the frequency of a wave whose wavelength is 5.67 x 10^-7
The frequency of a wave whose wavelength is 5.67 × 10-⁷m is 5.3 × 10¹⁴Hz.
How to calculate frequency?Wavelength is the length of a single cycle of a wave, as measured by the distance between one peak or trough of a wave and the next.
The wavelength of a wave is often designated in physics as λ, and corresponds to the velocity of the wave divided by its frequency as follows:
λ = v/f
Where;
λ = wavelengthv = velocity of wavef = frequency of the waveThe frequency is the quotient of the number of times, n, a periodic phenomenon occurs over the time (t) in which it occurs.
According to this question, a wave has a wavelength is 5.67 × 10-⁷m. The frequency can be calculated as follows:
5.67 × 10-⁷ = 3 × 10⁸/f
f = 3 × 10⁸ ÷ 5.67 × 10-⁷
f = 5.3 × 10¹⁴Hz.
Therefore, 5.3 × 10¹⁴Hz is the frequency of the wave
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which is the major product of the reaction of ethyl grignard and propiophenone (ethyl phenyl ketone)?
2-Methyl-butan-2-ol is the major product of the reaction of ethyl grignard and propiophenone (ethyl phenyl ketone).
What type of reaction is Grignard?The nucleophile in a keto or aldehyde is coupled to alkyl, ethyl ester, vinyl, or allylic halides in the Fermentation process, an organo combination of carbon monoxide. It takes place in this process for carbon-carbon bonds to form.
What purpose does Grignard reagent serve?It is possible to count the halogen atoms in a halide compound using Grignard reagents. For the chemical examination of several glycerides as well as numerous cross-coupling processes for the synthesis of various dioxide and carbon-heteroatom linkages, Grignard degradation is employed.
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a 50.0 ml sample of 2.50 m phosphoric acid is titrated with a 1.20 m barium hydroxide solution. determine the volume of base used to reach the equivalence point in the titration.
The required volume of base is 156.25 mL
TitrationTitration of a strong acid with a strong base is a quantitative analysis to determine the molarity of an acid or base solution. Phosphoric acid has the chemical formula H₃3PO₄ with an acid valence of 3, while Barium hydroxide has the chemical formula Ba(OH)₂ with a base valence of 2. The volume of base needed can be calculated using the following formula:
(M H₃PO₄) (V H₃PO₄) (valence) = (M Ba(OH)₂ (V Ba(OH)₂) (valence)
We have,
M H₃3PO₄ = 2.50 m
V H₃3PO₄ = 50 ml
Valence = 3
M Ba(OH)₂ = 1.2 m
V Ba(OH)₂ = ?
Valence = 2
So,
(M H₃PO₄) (V H₃PO₄) (valence) = (M Ba(OH)₂ (V Ba(OH)₂) (valence)
(2.50) (50.0) (3) = (1.20) (V Ba(OH)₂) (2)
375 = 2.40 V Ba(OH)₂
V Ba(OH)₂ = 375/2.40
= 156.25 mL
So, The required volume of base is 156.25 mL
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while determining the volume during this experiment (part ii), if the total volume of the flask were incorrectly reported as 125 ml, how would this error affect the calculated molar mass of the unknown volatile liquid? explain.
While determining the volume during this experiment .if the total volume of the flask were incorrectly reported as 125 ml, this error affect the calculated molar mass of the unknown volatile liquid. yes
The number of mole calculated by the following formula :
number of moles = mass / molar mass
greater the number of number of moles low the molar mass.
the ideal gas equation is given as :
P V = n RT
and the volume is directly proportional to moles . if the volume increases molar mass decreases.
Thus, While determining the volume during this experiment .if the total volume of the flask were incorrectly reported as 125 ml, this error affect the calculated molar mass of the unknown volatile liquid. yes
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Write a paragraph explaining how the elements and water would be important to searching for life on another planet. Be sure to include a claim evidence, and reasoning
Checklist
What are the elements that support life
How do these elements support life
why is water so important to living things
Describe each of the properties of water listed
relate these properties to waters importancefor living things
ANSWER ALL WITH DETAILS AND I WILL MARK BRANLIEST
40 POINTS
The elements carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, and oxygen as well as water are important in searching for life as these elements are the main components of organic water whereas water is the universal solvent dissolving these organic molecules.
What are the elements needed for life to exist?The elements needed for life to exist are the elements found in organic compounds.
The elements that are found in organic compounds are:
carbonnitrogenoxygenhydrogenphosphorussulfurThese elements are found in the main macromolecules of life which are proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids.
Another substance that is the most important substance that sustains life is water.
Water is needed for life because it is the most important solvent in which the living components of the cells are dissolved.
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solid aluminum nitrate is added to distilled water to produce a solution in which the concentration of the nitrate ion, [no3-], is 0.60 m. what is the concentration of aluminum ion in this solution? (note: square brackets around a chemical formula indicates the molarity of that particular species)
The solid Aluminium Nitrate is added to distilled water to produce the solution, the concentration of Aluminium ions in the solution is 0.20 M
The Solid Aluminium Nitrate Al[NO₃]₃ consists of a ratio of 1 Aluminium ion consisting of 3 Nitrate ions per formula unit.
Thus, the concentration of [NO₃]³⁻ is given as 0.60M
1 [Al]³⁺ → 3[NO₃]
∴ 1 [Al]³⁺ → 1/3 × 0.60
1 [Al]³⁺ → 0.20 M
Hence, the concentration of aluminum ions in the solution is 0.20 M.
The Aluminium Nitrate appears to be a white, crystalline solid. Though it is a non-combustible compound but can accelerate the burning of combustible materials. In large quantities, it could lead to explosions.
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Brainliest. Help please
Answer:
Sulphate ion
Explanation:
Zinc will undergoes oxidation. Zn2+ - - > Zn + 2e-
Copper will undergoes reduction. Cu2+ + 2e- - - > Cu
What is Electrovalant Bond?
Answer:
ionic bond, also called electrovalent bond, type of linkage formed from the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in a chemical compound. Such a bond forms when the valence (outermost) electrons of one atom are transferred permanently to another atom.
Explanation:
please help!!
(this is Rutherford's Black box experiment)
- please answer all the questions in full sentences :D
- do not answer "i'm not sure" on here.
1) Suppose the marble usually rolled right to the end of the box without bouncing off anything, what would this tell you about the size of the targets?
2) What conclusions did Rutherford draw from his data and how did the data change the model of the atom?
3) Niels Bohr was a student of Rutherford, Bohr's work went on to modify the atomic model even more. What changes did Bohr make to advance our understanding of the atom?
Answers:
1) If the marble usually rolls right to the end of the box without bouncing off anything, this indicates that the size of the targets is appropriate for the marble.
2) Rutherford's data led him to conclude that atoms are mostly empty space, with a very small, very dense nucleus at the center. This data changed the model of the atom from a solid, indivisible sphere to a mostly empty space with a small, dense nucleus.
3) Bohr's model of the atom was an improvement on Rutherford's model. Bohr made the following changes:
proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus in discrete energy levelsexplained the stability of atoms by postulating that electrons can only occupy certain energy levelsproposed that when an electron jumps from one energy level to another, it emits or absorbs a photon with an energy equal to the difference in the energy levelsThese changes helped to explain the spectral lines of atoms and the stability of atoms.