Answers
When changes occur to face environmental pressures, they must increase the individual's fitness to be favored by natural selection and result in adaptation. Between 1950 and 1980, individuals with half their bodies covered by plates decreased, while individuals with their whole bodies covered by plates increased.
How are adaptation and natural selection related?
Adaptations can be understood as the way in which different organisms manage to improve their fitness in the environment in which they live. To do it, they must adjust to the changes and selective pressures acting on them.
Adaptations involve changes and are usually related to mutations (let us remember that mutations are changes in DNA nucleotide sequences).
These changes must be beneficial for the individuals, meaning they must increase their fitness and make them more competitive.
If they do not increase their fitness (aptitude) they get lost.
If they increase the individual's fitness, they are selected by natural selection and transmitted through generations.
When natural selection favors a mutation, it sets it in the population and is inherited by the following generations. These mutations improve the individual's survival and reproductive rates. Hence, natural selection results in adaptation.
Image explanation
In the exposed example, we can see how the percentage of plates covering the animal's body changed through time.
At the beginning of the study (the year 1950), most animals had half of their bodies covered by plates (green bar), and only a few individuals had 2/3 bodies protected (orange bar).
As the lake changed its clarity, stickleback fishes with only half of their bodies protected got probably more exposed and easily seen by their predators. Their survival and reproductive rates decreased. From 1950 to the end of the study, their population size decreased significantly.
Predation acted as the environmental pressure. So the fish species needed to face this problem.
By 1960, a few individuals developed a new strategy. Their whole bodies were protected by plates (blue bar). This phenotype meant an increase in their survival and reproductive rates, so this strategy spread more in the population. Natural selection favored this change and set it.
By 1980 most individuals had their whole bodies protected by plates, and only a few of them still had half of their bodies covered. Since this turned out to be a beneficial change, population size started to recover.
You can learn more about adaptation and natural selection at
https://brainly.com/question/15499665
#SPJ1
Related Questions
where should you avoid collecting soil samples?
Answers
You should avoid collecting soil samples from areas where there has been a recent fire, as the soil will be too hot to touch.
What is soil samples?
Taking a small sample of soil and sending it to a lab to be tested for nutrient content is known as soil sampling. The soil's essential to plant nutrition chemical, physical, and biological characteristics can also be examined. The presence of nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is necessary for basic plant nutrition; soil sampling can also measure the soil's pH levels, humus content, availability of lime, complete sulphur content, and total CaCO3 content. Taking soil samples, performing laboratory tests on them, and then interpreting the results are all part of the analysis of the soil. Then, more advice on fertiliser as well as soil preservation can be given.
To learn more about soil samples
https://brainly.com/question/27104426
#SPJ1
1. Use the diagram of the molecule at the right to answer this question.
The molecule above is made up of only a few different atoms- for each of the atoms listed below tell me how
many of that type of atom there are (just count them up!)
# of Carbon atoms =
# of Hydrogen atoms =
# of Oxygen atoms =
# of Nitrogen atoms =
Answers
According to the diagram the number of No. of Carbon atoms is 9, the number of oxygen atom is 2, the number of hydrogen atom is 9 and the number of nitrogen atom is 0.
The molecule which can be made by the carbon , hydrogen as well as nitrogen atom can be referred as organic molecule.
A complex molecule known as an organic was predominantly bonded carbon atoms joined to other atoms of the same element and/or additional carbon atoms. Each and every living creature on Earth is made up of organic components. Atoms that are bound together form molecules.
To know more about organic molecule.
https://brainly.com/question/10504103
#SPJ1
which type of human activity increases the amount of nitrogen in bodies of water
Answers
What is number 3 on the cell photo
Answers
Answer:
ribosomes
Explanation:
One out of every hundred people of the Hopi Indian tribe inherits the autosomal recessive disease Glucose-6-phosphate deficiency. How many people in the population of six million are carriers of this disease?
Answers
Following the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium theory, in a population of six million people, 1,080,000 individuals are healthy and carriers (heterozygous) for the trait.
What is the Hardy Weinberg equilibrium?The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a theory that states that populations in equilibrium get the same allelic and genotypic frequencies generation after generation.
These populations do not evolve. No evolutive forces are acting on them.
Assuming a diallelic gene, frequencies are
Allelic frequencies
p is the dominant allele frequencyq is the recessive allele frequencyGenotypic frequencies
p² is the frequency of the homozygous dominant individualsq² is the frequency of the homozygous recessive individuals2pq is the frequency of heterozygous individuals
In a population in equilibrium,
p + q = 1p² + 2pq + q² = 1We will consider these equations to solve the problem.
Glucose-6-phosphate deficiency is an autosomal recessive disease.One out of every hundred people of the affection. So this is the homozygous recessive genotypic frequency.Because we have the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype, we can get the allelic frequency.
q² = 1/100 = 0.01q = √q² = √0.01 = 0.1Now, by clearing the equation p + q = 1, we can get the dominant allele frequency. And then, the frequency of the homozygous dominant genotype.
p = 1 - 0.1 = 0.9p² = 0.9² = 0.81Finally, we can get the frequency of the heterozygous genotype
2pq = 2 * 0.9 * 0.1 = 0.18The number of individuals with each phenotype in the population is,
0.81 * 6,000,000 = 4,860,000 individuals are healthy not carrier0.18 * 6,000,000 = 1,080,000 individuals are healthy carriers. 0.01 * 6,000,000 = 60,000 individuals have the disease.In a population of six million people, 1,080,000 individuals are healthy and carriers (heterozygous) for the trait.
You can learn more about Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium at
https://brainly.com/question/16823644
#SPJ1
In fruit flies, brown bodies (B) are dominant to black bodies (b). Cross a black fruit fly with a heterozygous fruit fly. Determine the phenotypic and genotypic rations of their potential offsping
Answers
The possible phenotypes of heterozygous fruit flies with brown bodies (Bb) that are crossed with black bodies (bb) include both brown flies (genotype Bb) and black flies (genotype bb).
What is a Punnett square?The Punnett square is a diagram used in genetics to calculate the possible phenotypes and genotypes in offspring according to the cross, which in this case includes Bb x bb to generate Bb and bb offspring.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the Punnett square can be used to calculate the phenotypes in the next generation through their genotypes.
Learn more about the Punnett square here:
https://brainly.com/question/3522181
#SPJ1
Examples of isotope and non-examples of isotope.
Answers
Example: The three hydrogen isotopes are protium, deuterium, and tritium.
The isotopes of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen are not examples.
What distinguishes isotopes?An isotope can be recognized by its mass, which is made up of all of its protons and neutrons. There are two ways to express isotopes. They both use the equation mass = (number of protons) + (number of neutrons).
Why are isotopes employed?There are several uses for radioactive isotopes. In medicine, cobalt-60 is frequently used as a radiation source, for example, to stop the growth of cancer. Radioactive isotopes are utilized as tracers for both metabolic process research and diagnostic purposes.
To know more about isotopes visit:-
https://brainly.com/question/11680817
#SPJ1
The image shows a rain forest ecosystem. The energy from plants, or producers, acts as the starting point of energy in the ecosystem. This energy is transferred to other organisms in the food web. In which two ways is the total amount of energy conserved in the ecosystem?
Answers
The total amount of energy conserved in the ecosystem is option 1, Some energy is transferred to the organisms, and the remaining energy is released into the ecosystem as thermal energy.
How is energy moved through a forest ecosystem?The sun provides all the energy in a forest ecosystem and every other ecosystem. Consumers and producers are the two main organisms that energy flows through and plants are producers. Plants are the only known producers to use the energy provided by the sun.
Energy is transferred to the plant organisms and the rest of it is expelled to the ecosystem to be used as thermal energy.
The full question is:
The image shows a rain forest ecosystem. The energy from plants, or producers, acts as the starting point of energy in the ecosystem. This energy is transferred to other organisms in the food web. In which two ways is the total amount of energy conserved in the ecosystem?
1. Some energy is transferred to the organisms, and the remaining energy is released into the ecosystem as thermal energy.
2. Bacteria eat the dead bodies of organisms to release the organisms’ stored energy into the atmosphere.
3. Some energy is transferred to the smaller organisms, and the rest is stored in the bodies of larger animals.
4. Some energy is transferred to the organisms, and the rest is released by plants in the form of carbon dioxide.
5. Bacteria eat the dead bodies of organisms, obtain all the energy, and store it in their bodies.
Learn more on ecosystem here: https://brainly.com/question/842527
#SPJ1
The pH scale ranges from ____________ to ____________ and is used to indicate the ____________ of a solution.
Answers
Examples of electron and non-examples of electron. Please have good examples.
Answers
Examples of electron are hydrogen atom and example of non electron are lithium
Electron are the smallest of the particles that makeup ab atom and they carry a negative charge and the number of proton and electron is equal in a neutral atom and the hydrogen atom for example has a just one electron and one proton and the uranium atom on the other hand has 92 proton and 92 electron and a non electron also called as non bonding electron and a non bonding electron is an electron not involved in chemical bonding and this can refer to the lone pair and with electron localized on one atom and non bonding electron with the electron delocalized throughout the molecule
Know more about electron
https://brainly.com/question/15216746
#SPJ1
Electromagnetic radiation travels in the form of
A. a hydrogen atom
B. a straight line
C. a photon this
D. a quark
Answers
According to the given statement Electromagnetic radiation travels in the form of a photon.
The correct option is C.
What is electromagnetic radiation explain?A type of energy known as electromagnetic radiation spreads as magnetic and electrical waves that move in units of energy known as photons. Electromagnetic radiation has a range with varied wavelengths and frequencies, which in turn imparts various properties.
What kind of electromagnetic radiation are there?Do you watch TV, listen to the radio or use a microwave? Electromagnetic waves are used by all of these gadgets. Electromagnetic waves, which have varying wavelengths from one another, include radio waves, microwave, visible light, and x-rays.
Is electromagnetic radiation harmful?There is no proof, despite a lot of research, that being exposed to low levels of electromagnetic fields is bad for one's health.
To know more about Electromagnetic radiation visit:
https://brainly.com/question/10759891
#SPJ13
Harvester ants often strip a bush of all its leaves. Some people believe this helps the plant grow thicker, healthier stems. In an experiment, a student stripped off all the leaves from a set of plants. In the second set of identical plants, the student allowed ants to strip off the plants' leaves. What is the dependent and independent variable
Answers
The correct solution will be- the control group of plants with leaves on them.
Harvester ants are the ants which acquire the seeds of the plants and shop them as a supply of meals of their nests in soil.
The experimenter observes that stripping of the plant leaves via way of means of the ant will increase the thickness. The test turned into designed to look at the thickness of the stem with one institution wherein the leaves have been stripped via way of means of the people and one institution with leaves stripped via way of means of the ants.
These instances constitute the experimental agencies wherein stem thickness will fluctuate however it lacked the manage institution in an effort to have the flora with their leaves gift on them and stopping them from stripping via way of means of human and ants.
This manage institution will offer a connection with the experimental agencies and could enhance the test.
Thus, the manage institution of plants with leaves on them is the ideal solution.
To learn more about plants, click here:
https://brainly.com/question/15363467
#SPJ1
Hemoglobin is a protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells. The hemoglobin molecules produced by some people have one specific amino acid that is different from the amino acid at that position in normal hemoglobin.
Which of the following is the most likely cause of this amino acid variation?
Group of answer choices
The hemoglobin gene contains a mutation.
Enzymes replace the amino acid once the hemoglobin is produced.
An additional amino acid is mistakenly inserted into the hemoglobin during translation.
An error occurs during the folding of the hemoglobin protein.
Answers
Answer:
My best guess is "The hemoglobin gene contains a mutation".
Explanation:
Sorry, I'm not an expert so bear with me!
One more common hemoglobin-related mutation is sickle-cell anemia. It occurs when the amino acid in hemoglobin is substituted from glutamate to valine. It is considered a mutation and is a direct swap from one specific amino acid (glutamate) to a different amino acid (valine) in the same position in the hemoglobin. So, considering that our example (sickle-cell anemia) fits the criteria of swapping one amino acid for another in the hemoglobin, is a mutation, and is passed down genetically (meaning that the hemoglobin gene would need to carry the mutation) it does look a bit like it fits your parameters!
Thus, as I understand it the hemoglobin gene carrying a mutation would make sense as the most likely cause of the amino acid variation.
Again, this is based on 10 minutes of googling. I hope this helps, but apologies if I'm incorrect!! Good luck :)
Which type of blood vessel could be considered analogous to the main roads for a "delivery truck" that provides the materials the "factories" of your body need to work?
ventricle
vein
artery
aorta
Answers
Answer:
vein
Explanation:
Which statement is true about photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
The steps in both processes are very similar to each other.
Both processes are carried out in the same location in the cell.
Photosynthesis occurs in plants; cellular respiration occurs in animals.
The chemical equations for the processes are opposite of each other.
Answers
Answer: Photosynthesis occurs in plants; cellular respiration occurs in animals.
Explanation: In took Biology and Aced it!
How do humans
contribute to the level of
carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere?
A. the growing of bone structures
B. the burning of fossil fuels this
C. during photosynthesis
Answers
Answer: B
Explanation: Burning fossil fuels, changing land use, and using limestone to make concrete all transfer significant quantities of carbon into the atmosphere.
What process uses light energy to make ATP?
A. photosynthesis this answer
B. homeostasis
C. pigmentation
D. cellular respiration
Answers
Sociable and Outgoing
Question 7 options:
Neither
Antonyms
Synonyms
Answers
The term Sociable and Outgoing is option C: Synonyms
What traits define someone who is sociable?People with sociable features have traits that support healthy interpersonal interactions. Many people naturally exhibit sociable qualities like an upbeat and cheerful attitude, self-control, adaptability, integrity, and teamwork.
A few typical definitions of social include amiable, cordial, friendly, and gracious. While all of these phrases refer to anything that is "markedly pleasant and easy in social contact," the adjective "sociable" denotes a sincere desire for other people's company.
Note that a person who actively engages in social interaction and looks for opportunities to mingle is referred to be outgoing. Extroverted is a similar term. Social, sociable, or gregarious are common adjectives used to characterize outgoing people. The two words above are close in meaning.
Learn more about Synonyms from
https://brainly.com/question/76433
#SPJ1
Why is it important that the inside of a lysosome have a lower pH than the surrounding cytoplasm in the cell? (2 points)
Answers
Lysosomes carry a variety of acid hydrolases that are active at the acidic pH kept within the lysosome, but not at the neutral pH of the cytosol.
How is the pH inside a lysosome different from that of the cytosol?Most of these enzymes are perfectly active only in the acidic lumen of lysosomes. Lysosomal pH is kept at 4.5–5 while cytosolic pH is 7–7.5. This pH difference indicates that proton absorption in lysosomes is almost 1000 times higher than in the cytosol. Lysosomes are hydrolytic enzymes. They need an acidic environment for proper work, they are mention to as acid hydrolases. These enzymes help in the disintegration of polysaccharides, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, etc. These enzymes vital low pH compared to the cytoplasm to stay active.
So we can conclude that Lysosomes have an acidic interior pH of ~4.8 in contrast to the slightly basic cytosol (pH 7.2).
Learn more about Lysosomes here: https://brainly.com/question/5534167
#SPJ1
A. without/not this
B. study of
C. life/living
What does the
prefix "a-" mean,
as in abiotic?
Answers
Abiotic is a prefix that often means "not, without." Abiotic is etymologically defined as "removed from everything related to life," much as amoral is defined as "lacking in morals."
What are abiotic factors?An ecosystem's non-living components that influence its surroundings are known as abiotic factors. Examples in a terrestrial ecology can include heat, light, and water. Salinity and ocean currents are examples of abiotic elements in a marine ecosystem.
The interaction of biotic and abiotic elements results in a special ecosystem.
To know more about abiotic factors, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/10111151
#SPJ13
Answer:
a) without/not this
Explanation:
The prefix "a-" in abiotic means as "without/not this". Abiotic organisms are non-living components. Therefore, the option (a) is the correct answer.
Describe the direction of wind related to atmospheric pressure. The question requires you to state in a simple, matter of fact way, thank you!
Answers
A proposed answer to a scientific question is called a(n) ___________________.
Answers
Answer:
The answer is a hypothesis.
Answer:I think hypothesis cuz of “proposed”
Explanation:
What soil would be 10% silt, 30% clay, and 60% sand__________
Answers
Answer: sandy clay loam
Why will a decrease in light intensity result in a decrease in the rate of photosynthesis?
1. A decrease in light intensity means a decrease in the available reactants needed for photosynthesis.
2. A decrease in light intensity means the enzymes that control photosynthesis may denature.
3. A decrease in light intensity means a decrease in the energy required for photosynthesis to take place.
4. A decrease in light intensity means an increase in the energy required for photosynthesis to take place.
Answers
Answer:
3. A decrease in light intensity means a decrease in the energy required for photosynthesis to take place.
Explanation:
The greater the light intensity, the more energy supplied to the plant and therefore the faster the light-dependent stage of photosynthesis can occur.
Which geographic distribution is
the most common form and occurs
when individuals are located
around resources in large groups?
A. migratory
B. uniform
C. clustered
D. random
Answers
Expiation uniforms help tell each group apart
What happens when the calf liver DNA preparation is digested with EcoRI? What does this tell you about the number and distribution of EcoRI sites in the calf chromosomes?
Answers
Answer: It is cut open so they can
Explanation:
When calf liver DNA is digested with the restriction enzyme EcoRI, the enzyme will cut the DNA at specific recognition sequences.
EcoRI recognizes and cuts the DNA at the palindromic sequence 5'-GAATTC-3', where the caret (^) indicates the cut site:
5'-G ^ AATTC-3'
The result of the EcoRI digestion will be the formation of DNA fragments with varying lengths, depending on the location of the EcoRI sites in the calf liver DNA.
The number and distribution of EcoRI sites in the calf chromosomes can be determined by analyzing the pattern of DNA fragments produced after the digestion. This technique is called Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) analysis.
If there are more EcoRI recognition sites in the calf liver DNA, the digestion will result in smaller DNA fragments. Conversely, if there are fewer EcoRI recognition sites, larger DNA fragments will be generated. By running the digested DNA fragments on an agarose gel and comparing the fragment sizes to a DNA marker with known sizes, it is possible to determine the number and approximate locations of EcoRI sites in the calf chromosomes.
To know more about DNA:
https://brainly.com/question/30006059
#SPJ2
Why was it important for Mendel to study such a large sample of pea plants?
A. Most of the plants died before reproducing.
O B. Pea plants are very inexpensive plants.
OC. Using more plants speeds up the experiment.
OD. A higher sample size gives more accurate results.
Answers
It was important for Mendel to study such a large sample of pea plants because 'a higher sample size gives more accurate results'.
What do you mean by heredity?
Heredity is the passing of genetic characteristics from parents to offspring. It is the process by which certain traits are passed down through generations. It is the genetic material that is passed from one generation to the next.
A larger sample size helps to reduce the amount of variability in the results due to random chance, and increases the likelihood that any observed results are actually representative of the whole population. This is especially important when studying the inheritance of traits, as the probability of a trait being passed on is often very small. By studying a large sample size, Mendel was able to accurately determine the patterns of inheritance for the traits he was studying, and gain a better understanding of the mechanisms of heredity.
Hence, option D is correct.
To know more about heredity,
https://brainly.com/question/30586052
#SPJ1
if the wet bulb depression is 3 degrees and the dew point is 24 degrees, what is the relative humidity?
Answers
if the wet bulb depression is 3 degrees and the dew point is 24 degrees, relative humidity would be approx. 66%
What is relative humidity?
Relative humidity, often expressed as a percentage, indicates a present state of absolute humidity relative to a maximum humidity given the same temperature. It is a measure of how much water vapor is in a water-air mixture compared to the maximum amount possible.
Moreover, it measures the density of water vapor in a space relative to the temperature in the same space.
Calculate relative humidity RH using the formula, RH = 100 × {exp[17.625 × Dp/(243.04 + Dp)]/exp[17.625 × T/(243.04 + T)]}
Learn more about relative humidity:
https://brainly.com/question/22069910
#SPJ1
What two abiotic factors must be present in order for gypsum to form
Answers
The two abiotic factors that must be present in order for gypsum to form are that they have essential effects on dessert and the environment. In general, gypsum is made of many abiotic components. Abiotic components such as temperate deserts, and subtropical deserts.
One type of saline soil is formed by Gypsum. Gypsum is a soft, chalky mineral composed of calcium sulfate [tex]CaSO_{4}[/tex] and water [tex]H_{2} O[/tex]. Here spatial variability means it maintains the even layer of the soil its decomposition and can develop the soil moisture. Gypsum is a nonclastic rock and transparent mineral. Deserts can be categorized by their low mean rainfall, even though it is just as essential to calculate the temporal and spatial variability in yearly rainfall. Gypsum is made up of oxygen [tex]O_{2}[/tex], sulfur S, calcium Ca, and water [tex]H_{2} O[/tex].
Learn more about Gypsum:
https://brainly.com/question/18369612
Which hormone helps prevent excessive drops in blood pressure/volume? Not B.
Answers
The hormone that helps prevent excessive drops in blood pressure is renin. The correct option is a.
What is blood pressure?Blood pressure is the force exerted by your blood against the walls of your arteries.
Every time your heart beats, blood is pumped into your arteries. When your heart beats and pumps blood, your blood pressure is at its highest.
When the body experiences a reduction in blood flow to the kidneys, such as after a drop in blood pressure, or a huge decrease in blood volume after a hemorrhage or serious injury, this system is activated.
Renin is in charge of producing angiotensin, which causes the release of aldosterone.
Thus, the correct option is a.
For more details regarding blood pressure, visit:
https://brainly.com/question/4215574
#SPJ1