Transfer rRNA bring the correct amino acid to the growing polypeptide By complementary base pairing between the tRNA anticodon and the messenger (mRNA) codon.
Complementary base pairing evolves binding of DNA to complementary base pairs, guanine always binds to cytosine and adenine always binds to thymine. But in RNA replaces thymine pairs with different pyrimidine base called uracil .
Complementary base pairing molecule allows the base pairs to be arranged in the more energetically favorable way. These base pairing makes double-helical structure of DNA. It is also important in replication of DNA as it allows semiconservative replication.
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what is the effect of types of artificial sweeteners on co2 production from alcohol fermentation of splenda and sweet n' lo by yeast
Using theories of sweeteners, we find that C0₂ production increases when artificial sweeteners is added from alcohol fermentation of splenda and sweet 'n' lo by yeast.
Sweeteners are the ingredients that sweeten like sugar (sucrose), but may be low-calorie of synthetic substitutes. Under EU legislation, food products containing the sweetener or sweeteners must include the statement ‘with sweeteners’ on label accompanying the name of the food product. The relationship between sweeteners and negative health effects which has been studied for many years by many of different regulatory agencies, and after rigorous safety assessments and establishment of safe levels of use, certain sweeteners have been approved as the food additives.
Hence, on addition of different types of artificial sweeteners, CO₂ production increases from alcohol fermentation of splenda and sweet n lo by yeast.
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in order to keep a resting membrane potential, the active transport of the sodium and potassium pump must function to keep:
The active transport of the sodium and potassium pump must work to maintain: A high concentration of sodium outside the cell and a high concentration of potassium inside the cytosol in order to maintain a resting membrane potential.
Active transport in cellular biology refers to the movement of molecules or ions across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient from a location of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. Cellular energy is needed for active transport to achieve this movement.
The electrical potential differential across the plasma membrane of a cell during its non-excited condition is referred to as the resting membrane potential of the cell. The value of the electrical potential difference inside a cell compared to the extracellular environment is often used to indicate the difference across a cell membrane.
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How can the increase demand on water affect water quality
Answer: As warmer temperatures increase the demand for water, the amount of freshwater available may decline and increase competition for water resources in some areas.
Answer:
As the demand for water increases, People will first of all opt for clean water, for better health, e. t.c. But as this demand increases, the source of clean water decreases affecting the purity of water
nasopharyngeal lymphatic tissue: a.adenoids b.paranasal sinuses c.mucosa d.epiglottis e.visceral pleura
The correct answer is a) Adenoids
They are present high up ion the throat behind nose. Adenoid glands are a part of the immune system that help in fighting the body against pathological bacteria and viruses that may cause infection. The adenoids are removed during an adenoidectomy if they have grown swollen or enlarged due to an infection or allergies. The lymphatic system fights infection and maintain body fluids in balance.
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what enables electrical impulses to travel in a continuous cell-to-cell fashion in myocardial cells?
Only intercalated disks, thickened portions of the sarcolemma, enable electrical impulses to spread quickly in a continuous cell-to-cell fashion.
Myocardial conduction cells initiate and propagate the action potential that travels throughout the heart and triggers the contraction of blood . myocardial contractile cells constitute the bulk of the cells in the atrial and ventricles .
In side heart ,cardiac muscle tissue or myocardium , contains many cells that expand and contract in response to electrical impulses from the nervous system. These cardiac cells work in a manner that they produce the rhythmic and wavy contractions that is termed as heartbeat.
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Which of the following statements about how fruit flies can develop an eye in the middle of a leg is true? (a) When the Ey gene is expressed in adult leg cells, these cells de-differentiate and become eye cells. (b) The Ey gene encodes a transcription regulator that is the only transcription regulator used to produce a fruit-fly eye. (c) When the Ey gene is introduced into cells that would normally give rise to a leg, the transcription regulators used to control its expression in the leg are different from those that are normally used to control Ey expression in the eye. (d) All the eye cells found in the adult leg are a single cell type and have identical characteristics
Fruit flies develop eye in the middle of a leg (c) When Ey gene is introduced into cells that would normally give rise to a leg, transcription regulators used to control its expression in leg are different from that of Ey expression in the eye.
What is transcription?Process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA is called transcription. The segments of DNA transcribed in RNA molecules that encode proteins produce mRNA. Other segments of DNA are copied in RNA molecules which is called non-coding RNAs. mRNA comprises of only 1–3% of the total RNA samples.
The goal of transcription is to make RNA copy of a DNA sequence of gene and for protein-coding gene, RNA transcript carries information needed to build a polypeptide.
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an ecologist recorded 12 white-tailed deer per square kilometer in one location and 200 deer per square kilometer in another location. what was the ecologist comparing?
The ecologist was contrasting density.
What variables influence population change?Demographers often concentrate on four key variables when attempting to predict changes in population size: fertility rates, death rates (life expectancy), beginning age distribution of the population (whether it is relatively elderly or young to begin with), and migration.
Which of the following can contribute to population regulation that is density dependent?Competition and predation, which affect birth and mortality rates, can have an impact on density-dependent regulation. Abiotic elements and environmental factors, i.e., extreme weather and conditions like fire, can have an impact on density-independent regulation.
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g comparing humans with other primates, what behaviors do you think were most important for supporting our ancestors as they migrated to new ecological areas?
Our early ancestors and other primates were in constant migration to new ecological areas in search of food source and better and more suitable environment.
Human beings and our prehistoric predecessors as well as other primates are not evolving biologically as quickly as other creatures to adjust to the environment, and therefore we need to adapt to the environment that we live in and once the environment becomes too hostile to live in or in the event that the food source becomes scarce, our ancestors and other primates would migrate to new areas with friendlier environment and abundant source of food. Climate change being the major reason for early human migration, with the extreme temperature changes which either killed or drove away their food sources, the situation forced our early prehistoric predecessors to migrate to a new place where the environment is milder with ample food sources.
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which group of mollusks has members with complex brains, intricate sensory organs, and elaborate behaviors?
Cephalopods are a group of mollusks having members containing complex brains, competitive behaviors.
What are cephalopods?
Cephalopods, as we know, are members of mollusk class. Few examples are the squid, octopuses, nautilus, or cuttlefish etc.
These marine species have a bilateral body, prominent head, multiple arms/ tentacles that have come from the primitive mollusk foot.
Today’s cephalopods are mostly known for their multiple arms and so soft bodies, the older, ancient cephalopods were notorious for their shells. That is because they are preserved very well as fossils.
Therefore, cephalopods are the group of mollusks containing members with complex brains and elaborative behaviors.
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how far each of the following statements is correct with explanation:
Spores of fern plant are produced due to mitosis
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Mold is made up of many fungi cells. Mold would be considered what type of organism?.
Mold is considered a multicellular organism, made up of many fungi cells. Thus the correct answer is option (C) Multicellular Organism.
Multicellular organisms are made up of many cells thus it is different from unicellular organisms.
Some organisms, such as slime molds and social amoebae of the genus Dictyostelium, have both uni- and multicellular structures. These include every type of animal, as well as most fungi, terrestrial plants, and algae.
Colonies of identical individuals that come together to form organisms are called colonies. However, it can be difficult to distinguish between "colonial protists" and "real multicellular organisms" because the terms are interchangeable (colonial protists are occasionally referred to as "pluricellular").
A fungus with many cells is called mold. It is made up of hyphal filaments, which can group together to form mycelia. A mycelium is a collection of mycelia, and these structures make up the thallus, or body, of the mold.
The complete question is:
Mold is made up of many fungi cells. Mold would be considered what type of organism?
A. unicellular
B. prokaryotic
C. multicellular
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how are phenolics used in microbial control? multiple select question. added to products household disinfection clinical disinfection routine skin antisepsis
Phenolics control microbes by :
1) Disrupting the cell membrane
2) Denaturing metabolic enzymes
3) Disrupting the cell wall
Phenolic compounds are a group of small molecules characterised by their structures having at least one phenol unit. Based on their chemical structures, phenolic compounds can be divided into exclusive subgroups, along with phenolic acids, flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, lignans, quinones, stilbens, and curcuminoids.
Phenolics play important roles in plant development, specifically in lignin and pigment biosynthesis. In addition they provide structural integrity and scaffolding assist to flora.
Phenolics have right chemical resistance and are immune to alcohols, esters, ketones, ethers, chlorinated hydrocarbons, benzene, mineral oils, fats, and oils.
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binding of the signaling molecule epinephrine to its receptor results in * 10 points a) increased concentrations of cyclic amp in the cytoplasm. b) lower blood glucose levels. c) activation of a steroid hormone receptor inside muscle cells. d) inactivation of the enzyme glycogen phosphorylase.
The binding of the signaling molecule epinephrine to its receptor results in inactivation of the enzyme glycogen phosphorylase
What are signaling molecules?
As a broad term for molecules that particularly attach to other molecules, ligand is frequently used to refer to signaling molecules (such as receptors). The message sent by a ligand is frequently transmitted inside the cell through a series of chemical messengers.
What is the role of epinephrine as a signaling molecule?
Epinephrine is an important cell signaling molecule in the fight or flight response.Also known as adrenaline, epinephrine is an efficient messenger that signals many cell types throughout the body with many effects. In the lungs, epinephrine binds to receptors on smooth muscle cells wrapped around the bronchioles.Through the activation of PKA, cAMP, and 2-adrenergic receptors, epinephrine induces the phosphorylation of GS at sites 2, 1a, and 1b (5, 36). Additionally, PKA upregulates GS phosphorylation via phosphorylating RGL, a glycogen-targeting regulatory component of protein phosphatase-1 (PP1).Hence, binding of epinephrine to the receptor results in the inactivation of enzyme glycogen phosphorylase
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which of the following is inconsistent with the punctuated equilibrium model? multiple choice it is difficult to determine when speciation occurred. transitional fossils are less likely to be found. speciation often occurs rapidly. there is a period of no change interrupted by speciation. it often involves an isolated subpopulation.
Many of the theory's detractors said that punctuated equilibrium has never adequately explained how the significant changes depicted in the fossil record could have occurred in such a brief period of time.
Does punctuated equilibrium remain steady and reliable?Environmental conditions are thought to be constant in punctuated equilibrium. The ecosystem can, however, potentially alter as a result of climatic changes or the arrival of new predators. Additionally, it may highlight recent changes in a population that inhabits that area.
What is an illustration of a punctuated equilibrium?Punctuated equilibrium develops as a result of faster genetic variation transmission, which speeds up speciation and evolution. Examples of punctuated equilibrium can be found in the fossils of tyrannosaurids and mollusks in the Turkana Basin.
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Charged ions are traveling through a cell membrane with the concentration gradient. Which process is represented here?.
Charged ions are traveling through a cell membrane with the concentration gradient this is by Diffusion.
Diffusion is the transfer of a substance's individual molecules from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration over a semipermeable barrier. The type of interaction between the medium and the substance affects the rate of diffusion.
Simple diffusion is one type of diffusion that can be aided by another molecule.
Simple Diffusion is the movement of molecules along their concentration gradient in the absence of any other molecules' direct participation. It may entail the movement of a particle over a membrane or the dispersion of a substance through a medium.Diffusion must take place in the presence of another molecule (the facilitator) in a process known as facilitated diffusion. Large or polar molecules must be transported by facilitated diffusion.To know more about Diffusion visit the link:
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These can occur when electricity ignites explosive gases in the air, such as pure oxygen, methane, or natural gas.
Answer:
These can occur when electricity ignites explosive gases in the air, such as pure oxygen, methane, or natural gas;Explosions
Explanation:
No explanation really needed hence the fact it says when electricity ignites explosive gases in the air.
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Which change would cause an increase in afferent arteriolar resistance due to paracrine signaling from the macula densa?.
Greater sodium concentration in the distal tubule, cause an increase in afferent arteriolar resistance due to paracrine signaling from the macula densa.
Arterioles have the highest development in resistance and significantly lower blood pressure than other organs. Arterioles will narrow as a result of increased resistance, which reduces blood flow to downstream capillaries and lowers blood pressure even further.
Arterioles are the primary location of vascular resistance and feature muscular partitions (usually the most practical one to two layers of clean muscle cells). The transition between arterioles and capillaries is where blood pressure and blood flow alter in the best way.
A blood vessel with a tiny diameter known as a resistance artery is found in the microcirculation and plays a significant role in the development of blood flow control and flotation resistance.
Resistance arteries often have precapillary sphincters and are tiny arteries or arterioles.
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phagocytic cells are an important part of the innate immune system because of their ability to: select all that apply. engulf many different pathogens. attack cells infected by a virus. produce multiple antibodies. present foreign antigens that stimulate adaptive immune responses.
Phagocytic cells are an important part of the innate immune system because of their ability to:
engulf many different pathogens.present foreign antigens that stimulate adaptive immune responses.Phagocytic cells are the type of immune cells that ingest the foreign pathogen and infected cells and therefore protect the body from infections. The example of phagocytic cells are: macrophages, dendritic cells, monocytes, etc. Besides, they can also present foreign antigens on their surface for recognition by lymphocytes for adaptive immune responses.
Adaptive immunity is the specific type of immunity which is acquired by the individual after birth. This can occur either by getting infected by the pathogen or by administration of vaccine.
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An organism formed from sexual reproduction starts out as a single cell called a zygote. In multicellular organisms, this zygote divides by mitosis to make identical copies of itself.
Observe the micrograph of a zygote below. How many times has it divided?
Since an organism formed from sexual reproduction starts out as a single cell called a zygote, then the zygote divided by mitosis twice in order to generate four cells as image below.
What is mitosis cell division?Mitosis cell division is the cellular process by which multicellular organisms generate body cells, which involve the division of a parental cell to generate two daughter cells that are genetically identical to the parental cell.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that mitosis is a cell division process that generates two cells for each division of a parental cell.
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The two muscles that insert on the fifth phalanx or on the fifth metatarsal are the __________.
The two muscles that insert on the fifth phalanx or on the fifth metatarsal are the extensor digitorum longus and fibularis tertius.
Where is extensor digitorum longus located ?Extensor digitorum longus is located lateral to m. tibialis anterior in its proximal part and extensor hallucis longus distally. Its origin is on the tibia and interosseous membrane, inserts into the medial and distal phalanxes II-V digitorum, is innervated by fibular profundus. Which functions for dorsiflexion and abduction.The innervation of the ankle comes from the lumbar plexus and the sacral plexus. The muscle innervation that controls the movement of the ankle comes from the tibial nerve, deep fibular nerve and superficial fibular nerve. While the sensory nerves come from the sural nerve and saphenus.Learn about fifth phalanx here: brainly.com/question/9486955
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Primary productivity is an indicator of how much matter and energy is
available in the producers within a given area. With a partner, discuss the patterns
you see in the map. Why do you think primary productivity is important for the
health of an ecosystem?
The rate at which energy is added to the bodies of a group of animals, known as primary producers, in the form of biomass, is referred to as primary productivity.
What is measured by the main productivity?By monitoring the output of oxygen or the intake of carbon dioxide, primary productivity is typically calculated. The standard unit of measurement for production rates is grams of organic carbon per unit area per unit time.
What is energy used in primary production?Any extraction of energy products in a usable form from natural sources is considered primary energy production. This happens either during the extraction of natural resources (for instance, in coal mines, crude oil fields, or hydroelectric power plants) or during the production of biofuels.
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1. Explain why DNP is effective at preventing the production of ATP in cellular
respiration and photosynthesis. Specify the relevant reactions in
photosynthesis and cellular respiration.Reference any sources that you consulted in composing your response.
2. Given the number of deaths caused by DNP, should it still be allowed to be sold as a commercial herbicide? Support your answer by including the risks and benefits of DNP.
ANSWER BOTH PLEASE THANK YOU
DNP functions as a protonophore, allowing protons to pass through the inner mitochondrial membrane and bypass ATP synthase. This reduces the efficiency of ATP energy production.
What is DNP?2,4-dintrophenol (DNP) aids in the movement of protons across cell membranes, resulting in a decrease in ATP production (adenosine triphosphate, the molecule that transports energy within cells).
DNP acts as a protonophore, allowing protons to bypass ATP synthase by passing through the inner mitochondrial membrane. This reduces the efficiency with which ATP energy is produced.
As a result, the proton gradient cannot form across the inner mitochondrial membrane because H+ (hydrogen ion) pumping is halted. As a result, the pH across the inner membrane of mitochondria will decrease.
DNP is toxic to humans and can result in death as well as serious physical side effects. In the United Kingdom, selling DNP for human consumption is a crime.
Thus, it is dangerous to use DNP.
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a population has an allele that encodes for ear size, large ear being dominant and small ear being recessive. the frequency of the dominant allele is .6. what percentage of the population has big ears?
The population's prevalence of the dominant allele Simply put, 1 - 0.02 = 0.98 (or 98%) represents the population's frequency of the dominant (normal) allele.
How is the homozygous dominant proportion determined?Determine the proportion of people who are homozygous for the dominant allele. We are aware that the recessive homozygote genotype frequency is q2 and equals 0.09. Accordingly, p = 1 - q p = 1 - 0.30 = 0.70 In terms of homozygote dominants, p2 = (0.70)2 = 0.49 or 49% is used.
How is the Hardy-Weinberg equation solved?The Hardy-Weinberg equation is written as p 2 + 2 p q + q 2 = 1, or p2 + 2 p q + q2 = 1. and is employed to establish the prevalence of genotypes in a certain group. To calculate the frequency of a particular event, Start by replacing the relevant terms with the known values you have been given for genotype.
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paranasal sinuses a. lighten the skull b. act as resonance chambers for sound c. produces mucus d. all of the above
paranasal sinuses are paired and symmetrical, air-filled cavities situated around the nasal cavity. the correct option is (D).
They are found in three bones of the neurocranium (braincase), the frontal bone, ethmoid bone, and sphenoid bone all of the above. The function of the paranasal sinuses is to protect the organism Which is done mostly by humidifying the air which is inhaled and facilitating the immune response of the respiratory system.
Also, the sinuses are generally air-filled spaces that decrease the weight of the head and impact the resonance of the human voice.
The nares and anterior portion of the nasal cavities are generally lined with the mucous membranes and it contains sebaceous glands and hair follicles, this serve to prevent the passage of large debris ( dirt) through the nasal cavity.
Types - Frontal sinuses
Ethmoidal cells (sinuses)
Maxillary sinuses
Sphenoidal sinuses
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PLSSS HELP IF YOU TURLY KNOW THISS
Answer:
B.)consumer
Explanation:
Because it eats up the leaf right it consumes it .easy peasy
Answer:
b) Consumer
Explanation:
The organisms that gets its energy by eating other organism is called as consumers. Hence, option (b) is correct.
bile acids (part of bile) work as emulsifiers to aid in fat digestion. after fat digestion in the small intestine is complete, what happens to most of these bile acids?
After the fat has been digested, fatty acids are passed through the lymph system and then pass throughout the body.
Bile may be a liquid that's made and discharged by the liver and put away within the gallbladder. Bile makes a difference in digestion. It breaks down fats into fatty acids, which can be taken into the body by the stomach-related tract. Bile contains Mostly cholesterol Bile acids Bilirubin, Water Body salts such as potassium and sodium, Copper, and other metals. After the fat has been processed, fatty acids are passed through the lymph system and after that through the body through your bloodstream to be utilized or put away for energy, development, and cell repair.
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a researcher is studying a population of mosquitoes in a lake. the researcher is interested in two alleles of the same gene, d and d, in these mosquitoes. at the start of the study, the researcher calculates the following genotype frequencies in the mosquito population: dd 0.6, dd 0.17, and dd 0.23. when this population is re-sampled 10 years later, the researcher collects the following genotype frequencies: dd 0.4, dd 0.3, and dd 0.3. what can the researcher conclude about this mosquito population?
The researcher can conclude about this mosquito population is the population is evolving and it is not in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE).
What is the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium?Hаrdy-Weinberg Equilibrium (HWE) is used to estimаte the number of homozygous аnd heterozygous vаriаnt cаrriers bаsed on its аllele frequency in populаtions thаt аre not evolving. Аccording to HWE, for а locus with two аlleles А аnd а with corresponding frequencies p аnd q, three genotypes аre possible АА, Аа, аnd аа with expected frequencies p², 2pq, q², respectively.
From the research, we know that a researcher is interested in two alleles of the same gene, D and d. This means the researcher used Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. And from the genotype frequencies in the mosquito population, we can conclude that the mosquito population is evolving.
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urjnun'uemb anyone intrested to come for 21 questions?
Answer:
what is that? for biology?
Fill in the blanks DNA REPLICATION
Answer:
leading
Explanation:
leading strand is the new DNA formed after replication. lagging strand is the old DNA strand
a triplet of bases in a template strand of dna is gat. what would be the corresponding codon for mrna?
The corresponding codon for mRNA is CTU.
The template strand is the strand of DNA from which mRNA is synthesized. The coding or non-template strand is the DNA strand that is complementary to the template strand. It has the same sequence as mRNA. The DNA strand that serves as the template for RNA has the base sequence AGCTTCGA. Although DNA is double-stranded, only one strand at a time serves as the template for transcription.
This template strand is called the non-coding strand. The non-template strand is called the coding strand because its sequence is the same as that of the new RNA molecule. mRNA is normally translated by a series of ribosomes about 100 to 200 nucleotides apart. A group of ribosomes attached to an mRNA molecule is called polyribosomes or polysomes. Each ribosome within a group functions independently to synthesize a separate polypeptide chain.
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