how many atp are produced by lactic acid fermentation?

Answers

Answer 1

Two atp are produced by the fermentation of lactic acid. One glucose molecule undergoes fermentation, producing one ATP molecule. Actually, fermentation does not produce ATP.

NAD+ is refilled for glycolysis by converting pyruvate to lactic acid or ethyl alcohol during fermentation. Keep in mind that during glycolysis, a glucose molecule is broken down into two pyruvate molecules, resulting in the production of two ATP and two NADH molecules. When you work out your muscles quickly and furiously, your own muscle cells start lactic acid fermentation, an anaerobic respiration process akin to what yoghurt bacteria do (Lactobacillus and others). Lactic acid is frequently fermented by anaerobic bacteria and yeast. The recipes for fermentation of lactic acid.

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Determine whether each of the amino acids is polar, nonpolar, positively charged, or negatively charged at ph 7.

Answers

The answer are as follows: Polar and neutral :  Threonine , glutamine, non-polar : - hydrophobic amino acids , methionne , alanine, Positively charged: - Arginine, Negatively charged - Glutamic acid , Aspartate.

Arginine - This amino acid is polar positive as it has positively charged guanidino group apart from the usual -COOH and -NH2 groups. Glutamic acid - This amino acid is polar negative as it has additional -COOH group apart from the usual -COOH and -NH2 groups. Alanine - This is hydrophobic and non polar amino acid as it has usual -COOH and -NH2 groups only and they balance each other at pH = 7. Aspartate - This is polar negative , the salt of aspartic acid and it contains more -COO- groups than the usual and are polar negative. Methionine - It is a hydrophobic amino acid and non polar. Hydrophobic amino acids: All hydrophobic amino acids are non-polar. They do not provide protons or participate in hydrogen or ionic bonding. Threonine: It is polar neutral . It has hydroxyl group in the side chain responsible for the polarity Glutamine : It is polar neutral. It has amide group in the side chain responsible for the polarity.

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Complete question:

Determine whether each of the amino acids is polar, nonpolar, positively charged, or negatively charged at pH 7. Polar and neutral Nonpolar Positively charged Negatively charged Answer Bank hydrophobic amino acids arginine H H aspartate Met COOC -CH2CH2-C-Coo H3c-c-coo NH3 NH3 H2N-C-CH2-CH2-C-COO NH3

How many particles are there in 1 mole of CH4?

Answers

The number of the particles are in the 1 mole of the methane , CH₄  is 6.022 × 10²³ particles.

The chemical formula of the compound methane is CH₄. The methane include the carbon and the hydrogen. The four hydrogen atom and the one carbon atom are in the methane. The Avogadro's number is 6.022 × 10²³.

The number of the moles of the methane = 1 mol

The number of the moles = mass / molar mass

The 1 mole of the substance =  6.022 × 10²³ particles

Thus, the 1 moles of the methane , CH₄ contains 6.022 × 10²³ particles.

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What type of bond is H2O and CO2?

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The bond in water (H2O) and CO2 is a covalent bond. A covalent bond is a type of chemical bond that forms when two atoms share electrons.

In the case of water, the two hydrogen atoms share electrons with the oxygen atom to form a covalent bond. The bond in carbon dioxide (CO2) is also a covalent bond. In CO2, the carbon atom shares electrons with two oxygen atoms to form a covalent bond. Covalent bonds are typically formed between nonmetal atoms, and they are relatively stable and strong bonds. Covalent compounds, like H2O and CO2, are typically gases, liquids, or solids at room temperature, and they have low melting and boiling points. It's important to note that covalent compounds can also exist in different forms, like H2O can exist as a solid, liquid, or gas depending on the temperature and pressure, and CO2 can exist as a solid, liquid, or gas as well.


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urea is used as a chemical fertilizer. is it an organic or inorganic compound?

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The urea is used as a chemical fertilizer and it is an organic compound. The chemical formula is CO(NH₂)₂.

The urea is an organic compound. The urea is also called as carbamide. The chemical formula for the urea is  CO(NH₂)₂. The two amino group of amide is -NH₂ joined by the carbonyl group -C=O. It is the simplest carbamic acid. The urea is the waste product of the living organism. Urea is the major component of the urine of human. The urea belongs to the organic compounds known as ureas.

Thus, the Urea is an organic compound and uses as a chemical fertilizer.

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what would happen to your calculated molar mass if you did not clean your piece of metal and it had some non-reactive surface contaminant? likewise, what would happen to your calculated molar mass if you touched the piece of metal with your bare fingers between cleaning it and taking it to be weighed

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If you did not clean the piece of metal and it had some non-reactive surface contaminant, the calculated molar mass would be higher than the actual molar mass because the contaminant would add additional mass to the metal.

If you touched the piece of metal with your bare fingers between cleaning it and taking it to be weighed, the calculated molar mass would be lower than the actual molar mass because the oils and salts on your skin would add additional mass to the metal.

The molar mass of a substance is the mass of one mole of the substance and is calculated by adding up the number of atoms of each element in the substance and multiplying this by the atomic mass of each element. Therefore, any additional mass added to the substance will result in a higher or lower molar mass depending on the amount of mass added.

If the piece of metal is not cleaned and has some non-reactive surface contaminant, then this contaminant would add additional mass to the metal, resulting in a higher calculated molar mass than the actual molar mass. Similarly, if the piece of metal is touched with bare fingers between cleaning it and taking it to be weighed, then the oils and salts on the skin will add additional mass to the metal, resulting in a lower calculated molar mass than the actual molar mass.

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Which chemical in vaping aerosol can cause popcorn lung?

Answers

Answer:

oxygebn

Explanation:

bc

when a vapor condenses, a) the temperature of the substance increases. b) the temperature of the substance decreases. c) heat energy leaves the substance. d) heat energy enters the substance.

Answers

When a vapor condenses, B: "the temperature of the substance decreases".

When a vapor condenses, it changes from a gaseous state to a liquid state. This process releases energy in the form of heat, which is why condensation often occurs as water droplets on a cold surface, such as the outside of a glass of ice water on a hot day.

As the vapor condenses, the molecules become more densely packed and the temperature of the substance decreases. This is because the energy that was used to overcome the attractive forces between the molecules in the gaseous state is now being released as the molecules come closer together in the liquid state.

In summary, when a vapor condenses, the temperature of the substance decreases as heat energy leaves the substance.

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what type of bond is Uranium and Iodine?

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Covalent type of bond is formed between Uranium and Iodine atoms.

Does iodine bond with uranium?

Iodine unites readily with most metals and some nonmetals to form iodides; for sample, silver, and aluminum easily change into their respective iodides, It is a salt of uranium in an oxidation shape+4, and iodine and white phosphorus unites gladly with iodine. The iodide ion is a strong reducing agent; that is, it willingly gives up one electron.

Uranium is a corresponding reactive element. It is together with nonmetals such as oxygen, sulfur, chlorine, fluorine, iodide phosphorus, and bromine. It also dissolves in acids and behaves with water. It forms many blends that tend to have yellowish or greenish colors.

So we can conclude that uranium has thirty-seven different isotopes, involving uranium-235 and uranium-238. of iodine

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Why is it called a reduction reaction?

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The term reduction comes from the Latin stem meaning "to lead back." Anything that that leads back to magnesium metal therefore involves reduction. The reaction between magnesium oxide and carbon at 2000C to form magnesium metal and carbon monoxide is an example of the reduction of magnesium oxide to magnesium metal.

Reduction Chemistry

A reduction chemical reaction involves increasing electrons associated with a single atom or a group of atoms. A reduced atom, therefore, accepts electrons from another atom. The atom which supplies the electrons is thereby oxidized. Reduction involves a half-reaction in which a chemical species decreases its oxidation number, usually by gaining electrons. The other half of the reaction involves oxidation, in which electrons are lost. Together, reduction and oxidation form redox reactions.

Reduction is also the gain of electrons by a substance. It is the loss of oxygen from a substance.

Oxidant + e- = Product Oxidant has been reduced

For example, copper(II) oxide can be reduced to form copper when it reacts with hydrogen:

copper(II) oxide + hydrogen = copper + water

CuO + H2 = Cu + H2O

The oxidizing agent is the chemical that causes oxidation by providing oxygen, whereas the reducing agent causes the other chemical to be reduced by removing oxygen.

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Is oxygen and calcium ionic or covalent?

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Yes oxygen and calcium are ionic as they form bond through electron transfer accepted by a non-metal.

What is an Oxygen ?

The chemical element with the atomic number 8 and universal symbol O is termed or known as  oxygen. It belongs to the periodic table's chalcogen group, is a very reactive nonmetal, and an oxidizing agent that easily produces oxides with most elements as well as other compounds.

Oxygen has following specifications:

Symbol: OAtomic number: 8Atomic mass: 15.999 uElectrons per shell: 2, 6Electron configuration: [He] 2s²2p⁴Discovered: 1774Discoverers: Joseph Priestley, Antoine Lavoisier, Carl Wilhelm Scheele

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Which atomic particles will you find inside the nucleus of an atom?

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Answer:

Proton and neutron

Explanation:

Proton and neutron are the atomic particles that are found inside nucleus of an atom.

if 4.00 ml m l of vinegar needs 43.5 ml m l of 0.150 m m naoh n a o h to reach the equivalence point in a titration, how many grams of acetic acid are in a 1.30 qt q t sample of this vinegar?

Answers

If 4.00 mL of vinegar needs 43.5 mL of 0.150 m NaOH  to reach the equivalence point in a titration, The grams of the acetic acid is 119.9 g.

Given that :

The molarity of NaOH = 0.150 M

The volume of NaOH = 43.5 mL = 0.0435 L

The moles = molarity × volume

                 = 0.150 × 0.0435

                 = 0.0065 mol

At equivalence point ,

Moles of CH₃COOH = moles of NaOH

The molarity of the CH₃COOH = moles / volume

                                                   = 0.0065 / 0.004

                                                   = 1.625 mol

Volume of  CH₃COOH = 1.50 × 0.946353

                                     = 1.230 L

The mass of the Acetic acid = 1.625 × 1.230 × 60

                                               = 119.9 g

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when 1-bromopropane is exposed to magnesium, followed by ethylene oxide, and then aqueous acid, what is the resulting product? 2-pentanol 2-methyl-2-pentanol 2-methyl-2-hexanol 1-pentanol

Answers

When 1-bromopropane is exposed to magnesium, followed by ethylene oxide, and then aqueous acid is 1-pentanol.

The process starts with the reaction of 1-bromopropane with magnesium, which forms a Grignard reagent. The Grignard reagent then reacts with ethylene oxide, forming an intermediate compound. This intermediate compound is then treated with aqueous acid, which converts it into 1-pentanol.

The reaction is called the "Wacker oxidation" or "Wacker process," which is used to convert alkenes into alcohols. It's important to note that Wacker oxidation is a multi-step process that requires specific reagents and conditions to be carried out correctly. The reaction must be performed under an inert atmosphere and at high temperatures to get the desired product.

The reaction mechanism starts with the addition of the Grignard reagent to the alkene to form an intermediate compound, the intermediate compound is then hydrated to form the alcohol. The acid is used to protonate the intermediate compound which makes it more reactive to the water molecule.

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Consider Ihe structures of substituted cyclohexane rings, and identify the == depicted position of the red methyl substituents CH Choose, Choose. CH, Choose_ CHa Choose H;C- choo; CHa Snoos Ac CH;

Answers

In the first structure, the red methyl substituent (CH3) is in the equatorial position.

In the second structure, the red methyl substituent is in the axial position.

In the third structure, the red methyl substituent is in the trans-3 position.

In the fourth structure, the red methyl substituent is in the axial position.

In the fifth structure, the red methyl substituent is in the equatorial position.

In cyclohexane, the ring flip can change the position of the substituents from axial to equatorial and vice versa. The stability of the cyclohexane conformation depends on the position of the substituents, the equatorial position is more stable than the axial position due to fewer steric interactions. In the given structures, the red methyl substituents are in different positions, and the position is described as axial or equatorial.

The position of the substituents in cyclohexane can be trans or cis, and it affects the stability of the conformation.

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PLEASE HELP NOW!!!!!!!!!

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The light energy is converted to chemical energy in the grass (option C).

What is a food chain?

A food chain is the feeding relationships between species in a biotic community. Living organisms feed on one another to obtain energy.

According to this question, a food chain is given involving the following animals in order of energy transfer:

Sun, grass, grasshopper, frog, bird

The producer in the food chain is responsible for creating the chemical energy that is transferred from one organism to another via the process of photosynthesis.

According to this question, grass is the producer in the food chain, hence, will convert light to chemical energy.

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How many moles of carbon atoms are in 1 mole of CO2?

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One mole of CO₂ contains 6.022 x 10²³ of the substance's elementary entities. This number is popularly known as the Avogadro's number (NA). It represents the number of atoms and molecules present in one mole of a substance.

Moles are also defined as quantities that cannot be quantified using units such as grams or milligrams. Thus, a mole is the number of atoms, ions, or molecules. One mole of Carbon dioxide contains one mole of Carbon and one mole of oxygen.

Carbon (s) + Oxygen (g) =  CO₂ (g)

One mole of Carbon contains 6.022 x 10²³ atoms.One mole of Oxygen contains 6.022 x 10²³ atoms.One mole of CO₂ contains 6.022 x 10²³ molecules.

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rank the boxes in order of decreasing magnitude of the force static friction between them and the surface.

Answers

The static friction is the type of the friction in which it keeps an object at rest. Like paper on a table.

The friction is the force that resist the motion. The types of friction is given as:

Lubricated frictionFluid friction Static friction Skin frictionInternal frictionKinetic friction

When an individual try to move the stationary object on the surface and without triggering the relative motion between the surface and the body. The examples of the static friction is given as :

1) Paper on table

2) A towel hanging on rack

3) A car parked on hall

4) book mark in book

The question is incomplete, I gave the general answer according to my knowledge.

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How do you calculate atoms?

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There are several ways to calculate the number of atoms in a sample of matter. The most common method is to use Avogadro's number, which is the number of atoms in one mole of a substance. To calculate the number of atoms in a sample, you would first determine the number of moles of the substance and then multiply that by Avogadro's number.

Here's the formula for calculating the number of atoms in a sample:

Number of atoms = (Number of moles) x (Avogadro's number)

Where Avogadro's number is 6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mole

For example, if you have 0.5 moles of carbon, you would calculate the number of atoms as follows:

Number of atoms = (0.5 moles) x (6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mole) = 3.011 x 10^23 atoms

Another way to calculate the number of atoms is by using the molar mass, which is the mass of one mole of a substance. To calculate the number of atoms, you would first determine the mass of the sample, and then use the molar mass to convert that mass to moles. Then, you would multiply the number of moles by Avogadro's number.

Here's the formula for calculating the number of atoms using the molar mass:

Number of atoms = (Mass of sample) / (Molar mass) x (Avogadro's number)

For example, if you have 20 grams of carbon and the molar mass of carbon is 12.01 g/mol, you would calculate the number of atoms as follows:

Number of atoms = (20 g) / (12.01 g/mol) x (6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mole) = 3.011 x 10^23 atoms

In both cases, you get the same number of atoms.

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Is a fruit orchard a nonrenewable energy source?

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No fruit orchard is not a source of non-renewable energy.

Oil, natural gas, coal, and nuclear energy are the four main categories of nonrenewable energy. Fossil fuels are a term that refers to coal, natural gas, and oil combined. The term "fossil fuels" refers to the fossilised remains of plants and animals that were formed deep within the Earth over millions of years. Non-renewable resources are those that cannot be immediately replenished after being used up. Fossil fuels like coal, oil, and natural gas are examples of non-renewable resources, as are rare minerals that are typically found in meteorites. The sources of non-renewable energy will deplete or not be replenished within our lifetimes, or even within many, many lifetimes. Coal, oil, and natural gas are the main fossil fuels used as non-renewable energy sources. The primary component of fossil fuels is carbon.

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How does cold climate affect weathering?

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In cold climates, the breakdown of rocks occurs due to physical weathering.

Weathering is a natural process due to which breakdown of rocks into soil and sediments takes place, which is caused by change in climate factors.

There are three types of weathering viz. physical, chemical and biological weathering.

In cold climates, physical weathering occurs more often because, expansion and contraction of different types of minerals within the rocks takes place at different rates on repeated heating and cooling.

The extreme climate condition prevailing in the mountains and deserts is responsible for the change in temperature from low to high and vice versa. This wide range of change in temperature causes breakdown of the structure of rocks.

This phenomenon of breakdown of rocks in cold climates is known as physical weathering.

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How many atoms of carbon are there in 1.00 mol of carbon?

Answers

The number atoms of carbon are there in 1.00 mol of carbon is the 6.023 × 10²³ atoms.

Given that :

The number of the moles of the atoms = 1 mole

The value of the 1 mole of the substance is equals to the 6.023 × 10²³ atoms.

The Avogadro's number = 6.023 × 10²³

The Avogadro's number is equals to the number of the atoms in the 1 mole.

Therefore, the number of the atoms in 1 mole = 6.023 × 10²³  atoms.

Thus, the Number of the atoms of the carbon in the 1 mole of the carbon is 6.023 × 10²³  atoms.

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a chemical formula that shows the actual number and kinds of atoms present in one molecule of a compound is called

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The chemical formula that shows the actual number and kinds of atoms present in one molecule of a compound is called the molecular formula.

What is the significance of the subscripts in a chemical formula?

The subscripts in a chemical formula have significant meaning in determining the actual number and kinds of atoms present in one molecule of a compound. The subscripts represent the ratio of each type of atom in the compound. For example, in the formula H2O, the subscript 2 indicates that there are two hydrogen atoms and the subscript 1 indicates that there is one oxygen atom in each molecule of water. The subscripts are crucial in determining the chemical and physical properties of the compound, such as its molecular weight, reactivity, and boiling and melting points. Understanding the significance of the subscripts in a chemical formula helps to better understand the composition and behavior of a compound.

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The lattice energy of CsOH is -724 kJ/mol, and the enthalpy of hydration of one mole of gaseous Cs+ and one mole of gaseous OH- ions is -796 kJ/mol. Calculate the enthalpy of solution per mole of solid CsOH.

Answers

The enthalpy of solution per mole of [tex]$\mathrm{NaCl}$[/tex] is [tex]$+3 \mathrm{~kJ}$[/tex].

What is Enthalpy of Solution?When a specific amount of a solute dissolves in a specific amount of solvent at constant pressure, heat is either emitted or absorbed, and this is known as the enthalpy of solution (H soln). The measurement of energy in a thermodynamic system is called enthalpy. The amount of enthalpy is the entire amount of heat contained in a system, which is equal to the sum of the system's internal energy and the product of volume and pressure.It is possible to think of the generation of aqueous ions from a solid as the breakage of its crystal lattice followed by hydration. If the Born-Haber cycle is used to determine the other two processes, the enthalpy of any one of the three processes can be determined.

Lattice energy (NaCl solid) = -786 kJ/mol

Hydration enthalpy (sodium and chloride ions) = -783 kJ/mol

The Born-Haber cycle for NaCl dissolution can be given as follows:

Where,

[tex]- $\Delta_{\text {soln }} \mathrm{H}$[/tex] - solution enthalpy-energy changes when[tex]$1 \mathrm{~mol}$[/tex]solid salt is converted to corresponding aqueous ions.

[tex]- $\mathrm{U}_1$[/tex]- lattice energy- energy released during solid lattice formation (negative of lattice energy is taken because here, the lattice is ruptured).

[tex]- $\Delta_{\text {hyd }} \mathrm{H}$[/tex] - hydration enthalpy- energy changes when gaseous ions of a solid salt are hydrated.

The formation of aqueous sodium and chloride ions from [tex]$\mathrm{NaCl}(\mathrm{s})$[/tex]involves the rupture of lattice and hydration. Therefore,

[tex]$$\Delta_{\text {soln }} \mathrm{H}(\mathrm{NaCl})=-\mathrm{U}_1(\mathrm{NaCl})+\Delta_{\mathrm{hyd}} \mathrm{H}\left(\mathrm{Na}^{+}\right)+\Delta_{\mathrm{hyd}} \mathrm{H}\left(\mathrm{Cl}^{-}\right)$$[/tex]

The hydration energy of sodium and chloride ions together is given as [tex]$-783 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol}$[/tex], and the[tex]$\mathrm{NaCl}$[/tex] lattice energy is [tex]$-786 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol}$[/tex].

Therefore,

[tex]\Delta_{\text {soln }} \mathrm{H} & =-(-786 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol})+(-783 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol}) \\& =+3 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol}[/tex]

Hence, the enthalpy of solution per mole of [tex]$\mathrm{NaCl}$[/tex] is [tex]$+3 \mathrm{~kJ}$[/tex].

The complete question is,

The lattice energy of[tex]$\mathrm{NaCl}$ is $-786 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol}$[/tex], and the enthalpy of hydration of 1 mole of gaseous [tex]$\mathrm{Na}^{+}$[/tex]and 1 mole of gaseous [tex]$\mathrm{Cl}^{-}$[/tex]ions is[tex]$-783 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{mol}$[/tex]. Calculate the enthalpy of solution per mole of solid [tex]$\mathrm{NaCl}$[/tex].

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What is the equivalent mass of carbon in CH4?

Answers

The equivalent mass of the CH4 will be 16 gram.

Acids, bases, as well as salts have the following corresponding masses: Acid equivalent mass = molecular mass of both the acid/basicity. A base's equivalent mass is equal to its molecular mass divided by its acidity. The equivalent mass of such a salt is equal to the molecular mass of both the salt divided by the total positive valency of such metal atoms.

The given compound is CH4.

The molar mass of C = 12 g.

The molar mass of H = 1 g.

The equivalent mass = 12+(1)4 = 16 g.

In chemistry, equivalent weight was defined as the mass of one equivalent, or even the mass of a given material that would combine with others or displace a specified amount of another substance.

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What is the mass of 1.00 mole of carbon atoms?

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Carbon atoms weigh 12.01g/mol in a mole.

12 grams of pure carbon-12 contain exactly one mole's worth of atoms (C-12). 12g of C-12 is equal to 1 mole, or 6.022 10²³ atoms.

On Earth, a compound's molar mass, which is also known as its molecular weight, is just the total mass of its constituent elements. The amount of matter in a substance or an object is measured by its mass. The kilogram (kg) is the fundamental SI unit of mass, while lower masses can also be measured in grams (g).

A substance's mole is equivalent to 6.022 x 10²³ of that material (such as atoms, molecules, or ions). The term "Avogadro's number" or "Avogadro's constant" refers to the number 6.022 10²³ .

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he hydrogen ion concentration of a solution can be represented as the ph value. the ph of a solution is defined as the negative log10 of the hydrogen ion concentration. what is the ph of pure water?

Answers

The logarithmic value of the hydrogen ion activity's opposite is the pH value. Since hydrogen ion concentrations are frequently very low, ion activity is seen as being equal to hydrogen ion concentrations. The hydrogen ion concentration is then the inverse logarithm of the pH.

What pH is related to hydrogen ion concentration?

Since hydrogen ion concentrations are frequently very low, ion activity is seen as being equal to hydrogen ion concentrations.

The pH level is the opposite of hydrogen ion activity. Ion activity is thought to be equal to hydrogen ion concentrations because hydrogen ion concentrations are frequently quite low.

Therefore, The hydrogen ion concentration is then the inverse logarithm of the pH. pH = –log10[a H+] the activity. The acidity increases with increasing concentration.

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How do you combine oxidation and reduction half reactions?

Answers

Oxidation–reduction (redox) reactions involve a transfer of electrons between two chemical species. To combine the two half-reactions, the number of electrons must be balanced.

This is done by multiplying the number of electrons in the oxidation half-reaction by a factor, so that it is equal to the number of electrons in the reduction half-reaction. The factor is then multiplied by the coefficients of the chemical species involved in the reaction.

The products from each half-reaction are then combined, and any spectator ions (ions that are not involved in the reaction) are removed. The overall equation for the reaction can then be written.

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How does an increase in temperature affect the solubility of each compound in 100 g H2O?

Answers

Each chemical's solubility in 100 g of water varies depending on the solute, and vice versa: a rise in temperature also makes the solute. Most solid materials become more soluble as the temperature rises.

But the effect is erratic and varies widely from one solute to another. The temperature dependency of solubility can be seen using a solubility curve. A solid becomes increasingly water soluble as the temperature rises. The solubility of gases decreases with increasing temperature. A solution is made up of one or more solutes mixed uniformly in a solvent. Adding sugar cubes to a cup of tea or coffee is a common illustration. Each chemical's solubility in 100 g of water varies depending on the solute, and vice versa

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What is mole class 9?

Answers

Mole is defined as the amount of a substance that contains exactly 6.022 x 1023 of the substance's elementary entities. The number of atoms in exactly 12 grams of pure carbon is equal to the value of mole.

Moles are also defined as quantities that cannot be quantified using units such as grams or milligrams. Thus, a mole is the number of atoms, ions, or molecules.

With the help of the given formula you can determine the number of moles present in a pure element.

that is,          n = N / Nₐ,

where n is the quantity in moles, N is the total number of elementary entities in the sample and,

Nₐ is the Avogadro's constant. the number 6.022 x 10²³ is popularly known as the Avogadro's constant.

Therefore mole is the quantity of a material that includes precisely 6.022 x 10²³ of the substance's elementary entities.

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What Type of Eye Protection Should I Wear for Various Hazards? Chemicals Hazardous* dry chemicals and small amounts of hazardous liquid chemicals Safety glasses Eye protection is required when working with chemicals on the bench or in a fume hood Hazardous* chemicals that pose a splash hazard Chemical splash goggles Cryogenic liquids Chemical splash goggles and a face shield Highly reactive or explosive materials Chemical splash goggles and a face shield Blast shield recommended Pyrophoric solids or liquids Chemicals splash goggles Biological Material Potentially infectious materials, including BSL2 microorganisms and viruses, human and non-human primate material, outside of a biosafety cabinet Safety glasses plus mask or face shield Eye protection is typically not required when working in a biosafety cabinet, except if other hazardous materials are being handled in the lab. Eye protection may be needed when removing items from the biosafety cabinet. Radiation Unsealed radioactive materials, liquid or powder Safety glasses Lasers Eyewear is dependent on wavelength and energy/power of laser Contact Laser Safety Officer at 8-6271 Open ultraviolet light source Face shield with UV protection Infrared emitting equipment Shaded goggles Machining and Physical Hazards Soldering, spatter of flux or hot metal Safety glasses or chemical splash goggles Furnaces, molten metal or glass, heat, sparks, glare Dust goggles, reflectivce face shield Chips, particles, dust, glass shards Safety glasses Glassware under pressure Safety glasses or chemical splash goggles Cutting/connecting glass tubing Safety glasses Welding and brazing operations See OSHA Factsheet - Eye Protection During Welding(link is external) Changing out compressed gas cylinders, affixing regulator to cylinder Safety glasses Use of compressed air for cleaning equipment Dust goggles Use of compressed air for personal cleaning is prohibited

Answers

They are goggles, safety glasses, and face shields. Safety Glasses: Safety glasses have side shields and lenses composed of plastics like propionate or polycarbonate that are shatter-resistant.

They are designed to stop objects like wood chips and other heavy, dangerous objects from damaging your eyes. Protection from collision, dust, and chemical splashes is provided by goggles. Like safety glasses, safety goggles are very impact resistant. They also provide a secure barrier around the entire eye, protecting it from threats coming from all directions. Side protection is required. Direct ventilated goggles, commonly referred to as dust goggles, are a form-fitting style of eye protection designed to keep large particles out of the goggles. When handling hazardous substances, wear protective goggles or glasses at all times.

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