If a mutation occurs when forming a germ cell the mutation could be passed on to the next generation. If a gene is altered in a germ cell, the mutation is termed a germinal mutation. Because germ cells give rise to gametes, some gametes will carry the mutation and it will be passed on to the next generation when the individual successfully mates.
A mutation passed to the next generation when acquired mutation occurs in an egg or sperm cell. Once an acquired mutation is passed down, it is a hereditary mutation. Acquired mutations are not passed down if they occur in the somatic cells, meaning body cells other than sperm cells and egg cells.
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Which factor contributes to the production of mucus associated with chronic bronchitis?
According to the research, the correct option is goblet cells, the overproduction by these cells is a factor that contributes to the production of mucus associated with chronic bronchitis.
What is chronic bronchitis?It is a long-term disease of the lungs characterized by incessant coughing producing purulent sputum due to inflammation of the bronchial tubes resulting in increased mucus production.
Goblet cells are unicellular glands that have a cytoplasm loaded with mucins (main component of mucus) these are located in the walls of the bronchi, in chronic bronchitis, the wall of the bronchi tends to thicken, and the number of goblet cells increases greatly causing the overproduction of mucus.
Therefore, we can conclude that the correct option is goblet cells, the overproduction by these cells is a factor that contributes to the production of mucus associated with chronic bronchitis.
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The invention that led to the widespread transport of livestock was the railroad system.
True
False
Answer:
false
Explanation:
Barbed wire had a major impact on the cattle industry of the Western U.S so many farmers used barbed wire.
Neurons in the LGN have __________ receptive fields. center-surround side-by-side columnar ill-defined ambiguous
Neurons in the LGN have center-surround receptive fields. center-surround side-by-side columnar ill-defined ambiguous.
What is neuron?Neurons are used to transmit information. Through electrical impulses and chemical signals, they communicate both inside the brain and between the brain and the rest of the nervous system. Neurons are the fundamental building components of the brain and nervous system. They are the cells that take in sensory data from the outside world, transmit motor commands to our muscles, and at each step along the way, transform and relay electrical impulses. Although the majority of neurons are found in the central nervous system, numerous sensory neurons are also found in sensory organs like the retina and cochlea.Neurons are nervous system cells that communicate information to other nerve, muscle, and gland cells. Axons, dendrites, and a cell body make up the majority of neurons. The nucleus and cytoplasm are found inside the cell body.Learn more about neuron here:
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Which trophic levels would be impacted by lower yields of fungi (mushrooms) due to, for example, acid rain?
Fungi belong to the decomposer topic level because they decompose organic matter and return the elements to the producer for reuse. Therefore, if mushrooms have low yields, less material to break down, and fewer minerals are available to them, they will be directly affected.
It also indirectly affects everything above the nutritional stage, which depends on the producer.
Another nutritional stage, the decomposer or transformer, is composed of organisms such as bacteria and fungi that break down dead organisms and waste into nutrients that the producer can use.
The decomposer forms the final trophy level. When living things produce waste or die, inanimate objects remain. Nutrients and organic matter are trapped in this substance. Decomposers like fungi break down waste and return it to raw nutrients.
In a system of five trophic levels, organisms are classified according to their lifestyle. The five levels include primary producers (plants), primary consumers (herbivores), secondary consumers, tertiary consumers, and detritivores (decomposers).
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Which innate immune system component uses mhc class i molecules directly in its defense strategy?
Natural killer cells are identify as a intracellular infection,especially from viruses, by the altered expression of major histocompatibility class (MHC) I molecule on the surface of infected cells.
Theses cells is a type of white blood cells. They are also called as natural killer . A blood stem cells goes through several stages to became a red blood cells, platelets, or white blood cells.
These Natural killer cells are innate immune cells which shows strong cytologist function against physiologically stressed cells such as tumor and virus infected cells.They are first line of defense against tumor and diverse range of pathogens. Work as a primary defect in human body.
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What is the natural treatment (fruit name) to remove the kidney stone?
Answer:
Pomegranate
Explanation:
Especially Pomegranate juice
hope it helps
Answer:
Try pomegranate juice.
Explanation:
Pomegranate is often used to treat conditions like ulcers and diarrhea, and it may also be beneficial in treating kidney stones because it decreases calcium oxalate and is also rich in antioxidants. Antioxidants help prevent and reduce oxidative stress, which is linked to kidney stone formation.
Hope it helps Raj! :)
Which of the following is correct about
the layers of the rainforest and its
contents?
A. The canopy is the lowest layer of the rainforest and is
mostly plants that are low to the ground.
B. The ground layer of plants receives abundant sunlight.
C. There are very few vines in the rainforest.
D. The canopy consists of very tall trees that block
sunlight from lower layers.
The true statement regarding the layers of the rainforest and its contents is: the canopy consists of very tall trees that block sunlight from lower layers (option D).
What is a forest?A forest is a dense and uncultivated tract of trees and undergrowth, larger than woods.
A forest can be described as an area of land that is predominantly made up of trees and few grasses.
The forest region is categorized as follows:
Canopy or upper stratumMiddle layerForest floorHowever, the canopy consists of very tall trees that block sunlight from lower layers.
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Based on the assumption that individuals seek to maximize the return (in calories and nutrients) on their labor, __________ is a model used by anthropologists to how food-collectors decide which animals and plants to hunt or collect and which to ignore,.
Based on the assumption that individuals seek to maximize the return (in calories and nutrients) on their labor, age and gender is a model used by anthropologists to how food collectors decide which animals and plants to hunt or collect and which to ignore.
What is the meaning of "Labor"?In its most basic sense, the term "labor" refers to employment that requires heavy manual labor, typically performed by unskilled laborers. However, the term "labor" in economics refers to manual labor. It also requires mental effort. In other words, work that is done physically or mentally in exchange for payment is considered labor.
What exactly does an anthropological do?When it comes to human origins, physical, social, linguistic, and cultural development, behavior, and the cultures, organizations, and institutions that people have built over time, anthropologists study, assess, and help shape public policy.
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The researcher in the virtual lab was using waste from a fish farm to provide nutrients for the algae. What was the algae going to be used for in order to reduce CO2 levels in the city?
The researcher in the virtual lab was using waste from a fish farm to provide nutrients for the algae. Algal growth utilizes carbon-di-oxide (CO₂) and converts it into useful byproducts thereby reducing CO₂ levels in the environment.
Feeding algae with the waste from the fish farm would enhance algal growth. Algae come under the group of organisms that are capable of performing photosynthesis.
Algae utilize CO₂ from the environment for photosynthesis and convert it into biomass and oxygen (O₂). This biomass produced can be used as an eco-friendly source of biofuel in the city.
Therefore, algae growth is utilized to trap CO₂ and replace it with O₂ in the environment.
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A model cell with damaged DNA was created to explain the importance of checkpoints in a cell cycle. The G2 checkpoint accidentally failed to work during experimentation. What do you think is the likely consequence of this failure?
If the G2 phase accidentally failed to work during experimentation. The cell continued to divide uncontrollably to create more damaged cells.
G2 phase also known as growth 2 phase is the shortest phase of interphase. It is at this time that the proteins and organelles needed for cell division are created. To divide the cell in half and separate the chromosomes, the cell needs a lot of proteins and other materials. During G2/M, phospholipid metabolism ceases The G2 phase is when the organism checks to make sure that any newly formed cells are healthy. The following factors are checked at G2 phase:1. DNA damage: Particular proteins gather at the locations of DNA breaks. The cell won't divide if these proteins are present.
2. DNA replication: If not all DNA strands have been fully duplicated during DNA replication, the cell will stop dividing.
3. Evaluation of the state of the cell: Enough proteins, organelles, and other structures must be present.
Thus if the G2 phase gets damaged then the cell will divide uncontrollably to create more damaged cells.
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If everyone on the planet used the same amount of resources as an average American, what percent of the Earth would need to be used to support everyone
If everyone on the planet used the same amount of resources as an average American, four Earths would be needed to sustain them.
What are Resources?These are the materials available in the environment which add quality and value to our life.
The earth comprises of resources which is limited and is therefore the reason why four earth will be needed to sustain them if everyone used the same amount.
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After atp donates a phosphate group to a coupled reaction, then it becomes adp. The adp:
The ADP can be recharged with the uptake of energy to form ATP.
How does ADP get recharged?
Adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, is the energy-carrying molecule used by cells because it has a rapid rate of energy release.
When the end phosphate is taken out, ATP releases energy. ADP (adenosine diphosphate), a low-energy molecule, is created when ATP releases energy.
These molecules can be recharged, ensuring that all of the cell's metabolic pathways have access to a steady stream of ATP that is high in energy.
To provide a reaction with the necessary energy, nearly all cellular functions require ATP.
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Rene and Don are discussing the purpose of nutrients. Rene says that nutrients participate in chemical reactions and can change the taste of food. Don says nutrients act as structural materials for cells and provide the body with energy. Who is correct
Answer:
Don
Explanation:
nutrients help energize the body
Which molecule will undergo only london dispersion forces when interacting with other molecules of the same kind?.
Butane, C₄H₁₀ will undergo only London dispersion forces when interacting with other molecules of the same kind.
London dispersion force:
The weakest intermolecular force is called the London dispersion force.When the electrons in two nearby atoms occupy positions that cause the atoms to temporarily form dipoles, the resulting transient attractive attraction is known as the London dispersion force. There are instances when this force is referred to as an induced dipole-induced dipole attraction.Butane molecules only exhibit London dispersion forces because they are non-polar and have a symmetrical distribution of electron density.
Butane:
It is a covalent non-polar molecule. Every C-C and C-H bond is non-polar. This is because there is little or no electronegativity difference between C and C in C-C bonds and none between C and H in C-H bonds.Learn more about the London dispersion force here,
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Drag each label to the appropriate position to identify whether the structure contains oxygenated or deoxygenated blood.
Deoxygenated: jugular vein, superior vena cava, right atrium, great cardiac vein, pulmonary trunk and arteries. Oxygenated: descending aorta, left ventricle, coronary arteries, carotid artery.
How does the circulatory system work?Two circuits compose the circulatory system
Lung circulation
1- Deoxygenated blood goes from the heart to the lungs where releases CO₂
2- Blood gets oxygenated again by absorbing O₂.
3- CO₂ is exhaled and oxygenated blood returns to the heart.
Systemic circulation
1- Oxygenated blood moves to all tissues.
2- Deoxygenated blood returns to the heart.
You will find the image in the attached files.
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A ____________________ reaction is a severe response to an allergen, also known as anaphylaxis.
Anaphylaxis, also called allergic or anaphylactic shock, is a sudden, severe and life-threatening allergic reaction that involves the whole body. The reaction is marked by constriction of the airways, leading to difficulty breathing.
Anaphylaxis is a severe, whole-body allergic reaction to a chemical that has become an allergen. An allergen is a substance that can cause an allergic reaction.
Anaphylactic shock is a rare but severe allergic reaction that can be deadly if you don't treat it right away. It's most often caused by an allergy to food, insect bites, or certain medications. A shot of a drug called epinephrine is needed immediately.
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Stomach acidity is in the range of ph 1 to 2. How might this inhibit the growth of ingested bacteria?
Stomach acidity is in the range of pH 1 to 2 because of the presence of hydrochloric acid (HCL) and pepsin.
Cells in the stomach are responsible for the secretion of HCL in the stomach lumen.For the clearance of ingested bacteria, a particular range of pH is required. HCl and pepsin present in the gastric lumen can kill the bacteria within 15 min if the pH of the lumen gets maintained below 3. If the pH of the lumen increased by 4, it can cause bacterial overgrowth and the establishment of infection.
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An environment that has all the things that. Particular plant or animal need in order to live
An environment that has all the things that particular plant or animal need in order to live is referred to as habitat.
What is Habitat?This is an area where an organism lives and comprises of resources and factors which supports its survival.
Food, light etc are part of the resources in which a habitat has which ensures appropriate growth and reproduction of species.
The complete question is:
___ is an environment that has all the things that plant or animal need in order to live.
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Which answer correctly compares the primary transcript in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell with the functional mRNA
The size of the primary transcript in the nucleus of the eukaryotic cell is longer than the size of the functional mRNA.
The primary mRNA transcript present in the nucleus is obtained from DNA template sequence transcription. The primary transcript is said to be inactive due to the presence of some non-functional regions (introns) within.
To obtain a functional mRNA from the primary transcript, introns are spliced or removed from the primary transcript with the help of RNA alternative splicing. This leads to the joining of the functional segments (exons) in the mRNA transcript. This joint segment of exons is the modified active form of primary transcript known as the functional mRNA, which is comparatively shorter in length.
Hence, we can conclude that the size of the functional mRNA is shorter than the primary transcript in a eukaryotic cell.
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States of tension or arousal that arise from a biological need and are unlearned are called _____
States of tension or a rousal that arise from a biological need and are unlearned are called drive.
An unlearned, or primal, drive is a state of tension (arousal) that results from the disruption of an organism's homeostatic condition. Food can be consumed to lessen a hunger drive, which is an a roused state brought on by hunger. Driving less leads to the restoration of equilibrium. Therefore, drives can be viewed as the result of a physiological requirement that an organism is compelled to lessen or eradicate. Learning theorist Clark Hull created an equation to demonstrate the connection between motivation and learning. It is the intensity of a person's need determines the intensity of their drive
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Two strains of e. coli—one of which can turn on its lactase production and one that cannot—are grown together with lactose in the medium. if all other conditions are equal, what will occur?
E.coil bacteria is belong to family of Enterobacteriaceae . Its live in the environment with or without oxygen.They also present in the intestine of healthy person and warm blooded animals.
The quantity of lactate produce by pathogenic E-coli was significantly higher than produced by non -E-coli.These enzymes were produced by lactose but represent by glucose and galactose.
E-coli used as disaccharide lactose as source of metabolic energy.Fermentation of lactose , glucose and galactose using E-coli bacteria.And lactose is produced by bacteria living in the intestinal tract of animals .It is an energy source and E-coli use use glucose as an energy source.
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Fungi differ from bacteria in that fungi Group of answer choices Have cell walls. Spoil food. Are cellular. Have a nucleus. Have DNA.
yes true because they differ from bacteria
The human body is uniquely designed to respond to stress and, if necessary, make changes to maintain optimal health and physiological functioning. What is this process called?
The human body is uniquely designed to respond to stress and body's tendency to monitor ans maintain internal stakes, such as temperature or blood sugar, at fairly constant and stable.
In Homeostasis is an organism's ability to regulate various physiological process to keep internal states steady and balanced. Its helps in maintain the internal environment without being overcome by external stimuli that exist to disrupt the balance.
Homeostasis is the process by which body react to changes in order to keep conditions inside the body.The ability to maintain the temperature of human body is good example of homeostasis which is maintained by controlling the mechanism of functioning of organs and tissues/ cellular level , which includes activation or inhibition of individual enzymes.
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The ______ collects the urine produced by a single kidney lobe
Answer:
minor calyx
Explanation:
When any of your body cells becomes infected with a pathogen, to what protein do the foreign peptides become attached that initiates the immune response
Interferons
Virally infected cells produce and release small proteins called interferons, which play a role in immune protection against viruses.
What are Interferons ?Interferons prevent replication of viruses, by directly interfering with their ability to replicate within an infected cell.
They also act as signalling molecules that allow infected cells to warn nearby cells of a viral presence – this signal makes neighbouring cells increase the numbers of MHC class I molecules upon their surfacesSo that T cells surveying the area can identify and eliminate the viral infection.Learn more about Interferons here:
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How would an increase in the sympathetic nervous system increase stroke volume? decreased end diastolic volume increased end systolic volume increased contractility increased end diastolic volume
The correct answer is (c) increased contractility which increases the stroke volume.
Stroke volume is the blood volume that is pumped by left ventricle of heart during each systolic contraction or the difference in end diastolic and end systolic volume. Sympathetic nerves arise in the intermediolateral nucleus of lateral grey column near the middle of spinal cord.
Increase in the sympathetic nervous system increases the myocardial contractility because sympathetic nerves innervate the myocardium which as a result increases the stroke volume and heart rate and ultimately a higher cardiac output is observed.
Therefore, with increase in sympathetic nervous system stronger contactility is observed which results in higher stroke volume.
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According to carl rogers, the ________ is how people see their actual traits and abilities.
According to Carl Rogers, the real self is how people see their actual traits and abilities.
The Real Self and the Ideal Self make up the personality, according to humanistic psychologist Carl Rogers. They are words that are used to characterize a person's personality facets. The true talents, aptitudes, preferences, and attributes of an individual are reflected in one's real self.The ideal self and the real self were further split by Rogers into two groups. The difference between your real self and your ideal self is that the latter is the person you truly are. Rogers emphasized the requirement for consistency between these two selves.For example, your ideal self might be someone who spends a lot of time learning, does well in science topics, and is not sickened by the sight of blood. If your Real Self differs significantly from this idealized version, you may feel unsatisfied with your life and like a failure.learn more about Carl Rogers here: https://brainly.com/question/14988475
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Which is the best definition of directional selection? a process by which two species can no longer reproduce a process by which one of the extreme variations of a trait is favored a process by which both extreme variations of a trait are favored a process by which average individuals in a population are favored
A process by which one of the extreme variations of a trait is favored.
What is directional selection?A population tends to evolve toward one end of a trait range due to a natural process called directional selection. Some characteristics, like eye color, are discrete and have distinct variations, but other characteristics are continuous and have a large range of almost infinite values (think height). Only one variety will be chosen for a specific attribute under directed selection (only blue eyes).
The highest or lowest value of a continuous feature will be chosen if a directional selection is applied (only tall people). When a population is subjected to directional selection over time, the qualities that are selected for will remain stable while the traits that are selected against will disappear.
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Answer:
b
Explanation:
b
The condensation of a nucleoside triphosphate with a hexose 1-phosphate to form a sugar nucleotide has a small positive free-energy change. why is this condensation metabolically irreversible?
Condensation of nucleoside triphosphate with a hexose 1 phosphate to form a sugar nucleotide has a small free energy change and this condensation is irreversible because the reaction releases PPi, which is rapidly hydrolyzed by inorganic pyrophosphatase (highly exergonic).
PPi is kept low, making first step favorable & ensures results favorable energy change (exergonic) therefore formation of sugar nucleotides drives the reaction forward / is metabolically irreversible.
Reaction is strongly exergonic, due to coupling with hydrolysis of pyrophosphate (rapid removal of product shifts equilibrium forward to make reaction favorable).
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Why is the copernican revolution significant? select three options. few advancements in scientific knowledge were made. scientists discovered new evidence to support their theories. scientists discovered that old interpretations of data was incorrect. scientists used observations and mathematical data to solve problems in new ways. all theories developed during the time period were disproved by modern science.
The Copernican revolution was significant because of:
Few advancements in scientific knowledge were made. Scientists discovered new evidence to support their theories. Scientists used observations and mathematical data to solve problems in new ways. What is Copernican revolution?This is known as as a paradigm shift which depicts change of a revolution which is usually from a geocentric, Earth centered view of the system to a heliocentric - Sun centered aspect.This is because of the discovery of the Sun as the central object in the solar system.
This helped scientist to make new findings thereby providing evidences which helped support their various theory. The observations and different types of data derived from this type of revolution were also used mostly by scientists to solve problems which is why the aforementioned options are most appropriate.
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Answer:
B. Scientists discovered new evidence to support their theories.
C. Scientists discovered that old interpretations of data was incorrect.
D. Scientists used observations and mathematical data to solve problems in new ways.
Explanation:
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