guayule (parthenium argentatum) is a plant originating in mexico that is used to produce rubber. scientists used artificial selection to breed guayule with a relative plant from utah, parthenium ligulatum, and produced a hybrid plant that transferred cold tolerance to guayule. in this example, plant growth habits and leaf shape are components of that enabled cold tolerance, and the transferability of these traits is an example of .
Rubber is made from the Mexican plant known as guayule (Parthenium argentatum). Guayule were bred via artificial selection.
What is genetic diversity and what are the various causes of genetic variation?Genetic variation is the diversity in the conventional genetic expression. At the time of meiosis, mutation and recombination result in genetic differences. Mutations are frequently caused by chemical or biological mutagens. Genetic variety is also impacted by random mating between organisms.
What three factors influence genetic variation that natural selection uses?Mutation, which can produce completely new alleles in a population, random mating, random fertilization, and recombination between homologous chromosomes during meiosis, which reorders alleles within an organism's progeny, are all possible sources of genetic variation.
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what variables can affect the taste of soda
There are two major factors that affect the quality of fountain soda. First, the quality of the water mixed with CO2 will alter the taste. Second, the percentage mix of syrup to water/CO2 will affect the flavor. The mix varies in each geographical region.
thermogenesis refers to multiple choice the energy you require during sleep at night. shivering when hot and fidgeting. the inability to regulate body temperature. metabolic activity of brown adipose tissue, especially in hibernating animals.
The energy you require during sleep at night.
Shivering thermo genesis, a reaction to unexpected cold exposure, plays a significant role in increased heat generation. The method through which heat is produced via the calorigenic effect of nor epinephrine and epinephrine is known as no shivering thermo genesis,
What about thermo genesis?Thermo genesis, which takes place in specialized tissues such brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle, is described as the disposal of energy through the generation of heat. The metabolic process through which organisms burn calories to produce heat is known as thermo genesis. The body generates heat through thermo genesis, to put it another way. Calorie "burning" does this. The energy required for the digestion, absorption, and elimination of consumed nutrients is known as thermo genesis or the thermic effect of food. The process through which organisms produce heat is known as thermo genesis. All warm-blooded creatures experience it, and a few thermogenic plant species like the Eastern skunk cabbage, the Voodoo lily (Sauromatum venosum), and the enormous water lilies of the genus Victoria also experience it. When combined with a healthy lifestyle, consuming a diet that contains these substances can aid in weight loss. In fact, studies suggest that taking thermogenic compounds can accelerate fat-burning by 10-16% and raise metabolic activity by 4-5%. For thermo genesis, energy balance, and metabolism, thyroid hormones (TH) are crucial. Simply told, you may assist your body burn more calories by enhancing thermo genesis, which also helps you increase your metabolism's rate. Increasing your daily energy expenditure is essential if you want to lose weight, maintain your current weight, or lose a few pounds.Learn more about thermo genesis here:
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Which term best describes the smallest function unit of life?
- Atom
- Cell
-Tissue
-Organ
gerardo is listening to a high-pitched drill, which is higher than the 1,000 hz that can be handled by a single neuron at a time but lower than 4,000 hz that would have been transmitted due to placement of the hairs being impacted on the basilar membrane. what principle explains his ability to hear this noise?
The volley principle explains Gerado's ability to hear noise higher than 1,000 Hz and lower than 4,000Hz.
The Volley principle was given by Weaver, gray and their research team in 1937. According to this principle,
Whenever someone is exposed to high frequency sounds (i.e. succession of stimuli) very frequently, the Corti of ear merges all the stimuli and form a volley.
This causes successive volleys of impulses and these volleys are fired such to align with inputs of stimuli. This helps neuron process and fire for each sound event.
This explain how Gerado's auditory nerves was able to respond to the high frequency sound of drill.
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g the increase in action potential conduction velocity due to myelination can best be explained by which of the following? a. a decrease in membrane capacitance. b. a decrease in membrane resistance. c. a decrease in longitudinal resistance.
The best can be explained as "the increase in action potential conduction velocity due to myelination" is a decrease in membrane capacitance.
What happened if the resistance of the membrane is increased?If the resistаnce of the membrаne is increаsed, more of the depolаrizing current pаsses down the аxon аnd dischаrges the cаpаcitor on the membrаne. Thus insulаting the membrаne with myelin increаses the pаssive spreаd of current аnd increаses conduction velocity. Decreаsing the membrаne cаpаcitаnce аlso increаses conduction velocity. Аdding myelin increаses the thickness of the membrаne cаpаcitor, which decreаses its cаpаcitаnce. Increаsing the diаmeter of the аxoplаsm decreаses the internаl resistаnce, which fаcilitаtes pаssive spreаd of current аnd increаses conduction velocity.
Thus, the correct answer is A.
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What is the primary advantage of using phase comparison in an interference microscope?.
Using the structures of interference microscope, we got that phase comparison can be used to view specimen that is unstained.
Although all optical microscopes in strict sense create images by diffraction, interference microscopy creates images using difference between an interfering beam unmodified by specimen and an otherwise identical beam that illuminates it. A beam splitter divide light into two paths, one of which passes through specimen while the other bypasses it. When the two beams are combined, resulting interference between them reveals the structure of specimen. The first successful system, was actually invented by British microscopist Francis Smith and French physicist Maurice Françon in year 1947, used quartz lenses to produce reference and images-forming beams that were perpendicularly polarized.
The other advantages of using phase comparison in an interference microscope are:
Can be used to study marine organisms due to its dark space.Can be used to study live bacteriumHence, the reason of using phase comparison in an interference microscope is that with the help of this we can view specimen that is unstained.
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what is an example of a mutualistic relationship in which one species provides defenses against herbivory for the other?
Ant and acacia tree is an example of a mutualistic relationship in which one species provides defenses against herbivory for the other .
Acacia trees produce shelter by developing specialized structures also feed the ant colony, and the ants, in turn, defend the tree against herbivores.
Mutualism is the formation of a relationship that will mutually benefit two parties that are distinct and are in the relationship. In this kind of relationship Both the partners will be equally benefited from the each other . this is one of the most positive association between two different individual that stay and protect each other .
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mitosis forms a. two daughter cells with half the dna of the parent cell. b. two daughter cells with the same amount of dna as the parent cell. c. daughter cells called gametes. d. two daughter cells with twice the amount of dna as the parent cell. e. one daughter cell and another incomplete cell.
Mitosis forms b. two daughter cells with the same amount of DNA as the parent cell.
In the field of biology, mitosis can be described as a process by which the somatic cells of the body divide.
As a result of mitosis, two daughter cells are formed that are identical to each other and the parent cells.
The daughter cells formed as a result of mitosis have the same amount of DNA as the parent cell. As a result of this, the daughter cells are identical to the parent cell as no recombination occurs in the process of mitosis.
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how many days does it take for the entire epithelial population of the small intestines to be replaced
The whole epithelial populace is replaced about every four to 7 days.
The small gut consists of 3 elements duodenum jejunum and ileum. It enables to similarly digest food popping out of the stomach. It absorbs nutrients and water from meals and makes them to be had to the frame. The small gut is a part of the digestive device. A healthful bowel movement usually consists of frivolously formed, brown stools that are not unfastened, difficult, or painful.
There's no ideal wide variety of epithelial population moves for all and sundry. The common healthy variety is 1-3 bowel movements consistent with day or simply 3 bowel moves per week. The liver is responsible for the manufacturing of most of these clotting factors. a number of those elements require nutrition k for synthesis, and the liver produces bile salts which might be essential for the intestine to soak up this fats-soluble diet.
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The ______ functional division of the nervous system transmits information from the viscera to the central nervous system.
The visceral sensory division functional division of the nervous system transmits information from the viscera to the central nervous system.
The visceral (or autonomic) motor system controls involuntary functions mediated by the activity of smooth muscle fibers, cardiac muscle fibers, and glands.
The nervous system that regulates the visceral system is carried out by the autonomic nervous system whose neuron cell bodies are in the sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia and innervate smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands. This visceral motor system is regulated by a feedback system via the dorsal ganglia of the spinal cord and sensory ganglia of the cranial nerves which make local reflex connections in the spinal cord and brainstem.
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Compare and contrast selective permeability and active permeability in 2-3 sentences.
In comparison, selective permeability and active permeability both involve allowing substances to pass through.
In contrast, selective permeability only allows some select substances to pass through whereas active permeability involves allowing all substances to pass through.
What are selective permeability and active permeability?Selective permeability refers to the property of a substance in which the substance only allows select substances to pass through it.
Substances that possess the property of selective permeability are called selectively permeable substances. An example of such a substance is the cell memebrane which is a selectively permeable membrane.
Active permeability refers to the property of a substance in which it easily allows the substance to pass through it without selection.
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multicellular organisms undergo mitotic cell division to a.produce new organisms. b.produce gametes. c.increase the variability of the population. d.increase the size of the organism.
Multicellular organisms undergo mitotic cell division to d.)increase the size of the organism. Hence option d) is the correct answer.
Why multicellular organisms undergo mitotic cell division?Mitosis is very important to multicellular organisms because it provides new cells for growth and replacement of worn-out cells. Many single-celled organisms depends on mitosis as the primary means of asexual reproduction
During mitosis, a cell duplicates its contents, including chromosomes and splits to form two identical daughter cells. Multicellular organisms require cell division to grow and replace dead/ damaged cells. Single-celled organisms reproduce through unicellular cell division
Process where a single cell divides into two genetically identical daughter cells is called mitosis.
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cancer occurs when multiple choice cells are unable to divide because of a mutation. faulty spindle fibers are unable to pull chromatids apart. apoptosis occurs. the regulation of the cell cycle is lost and uncontrolled cell division occurs. the dna of a cell becomes mutated.
Uncontrolled cell growth is cancer. Gene mutations can increase the pace of cell division or suppress natural mechanisms that keep the body in check, like cell cycle arrest or programmed cell death. A tumor can form as a collection of malignant cells enlarges.
Cancer cells disregard signals from the body to cease dividing. Apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death, is a natural process that your body uses to get rid of cells that are no longer needed.Changes (mutations) to the DNA within cells are what lead to cancer. A cell's DNA is organized into a huge number of distinct genes, each of which carries a set of instructions outlining the functions and growth of the cell.To know more cancer
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a population of small fish is introduced into a large lake (lake grande). the lake has regions of different depths, from shallow to deep, with different oxygen levels and algal (fish food) populations. another population of the same species of fish is introduced into a small, uniform pond (wee lac). after many generations, which body of water will have more species of fish?
More fish species will be present in large lake water depends on environmental factors.
Simply, large bodies of water are known for producing large fish. It's simple to assume that larger lakes would hold greater fishspecies , so do so. Arctic seas and surrounding waterways are home to 400 different kinds of fish, the majority of which live on or the bottom. Therefore, the Pacific wins for having the greatest marine life based on worldwide fisheries and the total richness of coral reef ecosystems. Distribution and abundance in lakes and reservoirs in North America are influenced by biological factors like availability of food and competing with other fish species, as well as environmental factors like lake elevation, water quality, and lake form. The most of it is a myth. It is real.
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genes that are close together on the same chromosome: genes that are close together on the same chromosome: tend to assort independently. assort primarily independently, but will, very rarely, be transmitted together. are present only on x chromosomes. tend to be transmitted together. tend to be transmitted together, and are present only on x chromosomes.
Genes that are close together on the same chromosome tend to be transmitted together.
Independent collection of alleles of the genes throughout anaphase-I of meiosis-I calls for that the genes ought to be gift on exceptional chromosomes. The genes which might be gift at the equal chromosomes deviate from the impartial collection. These intently located genes are referred to as related genes. They circulate from one era to subsequent collectively and do segregate randomly. This outcomes withinside the era of extra percentage of the parental kinds withinside the progeny. The related genes can be gift on each autosomes and intercourse chromosomes.
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What is the primary difference between the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system?.
Answer:The somatic nervous system allows us to consciously control our skeletal muscles, and the autonomic nervous system controls activity that humans cannot consciously control, such as the pumping of the heart and the movement of food through the digestive tract.
Do you remember the five
characteristics of life?
From memory, list the characteristics of life.
Answer:
They are usually 7 characteristics
Explanation:
1) GROWTH
2) Ability to REPRODUCE
3) RESPOND
4) METABOLISM
5 ) RESPIRATION
6) NUTRITION
7) EXCRETION
Answer:
1.Cells
2.Homeostasis
3.Reproduction
4.Metabolism
5.DNA/Heredity
Explanation:
I am don't remember the five characteristics of life from memory l am only remember some but here you got.
what specific type of macromolecules are at the ends of the markers of a red blood cell that reacts with a antiserum? with b antiserum?
the antigens of the ABO blood group are sugars ,which are present at the end/surface of RBC's . Antiserum-A reacts with red cells of Group A or AB. Antiserum-B reacts with red cells of Group B or AB.
Of all the blood group systems, the ABO blood group is the most crucial. Based on whether a person's red blood cells contain the A antigen, the B antigen, both the A and B antigens, or neither, there are four possible ABO blood types.
Normal healthy people produce red cell antibodies against A or B antigens that are not expressed on their own cells. These antibodies are mostly IgM immunoglobulins, which are found in nature. They assault and quickly kill red cells bearing the antigen. Anti-A, for instance, targets red cells from Group A or AB. Group B or AB red cells are targeted by anti-B.
Antiserum : Blood serum that can be used to prevent or cure illness or poisoning because it includes antibodies against harmful substances like bacteria, viruses, or snake venom.
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what is the theory for the evolution of anxiety disorders? a. as a result of an evolutionary cost/benefit analysis of anxiety b. anxiety developed as a reaction to stress c. random mutation caused the evolution of anxiety d. none of the above
As a result of an evolutionary cost/benefit analysis of anxiety
Disabilities include anxiety illnesses including OCD, panic disorders, phobias, or PTSD. As a result, they are able to receive Social Security disability benefits. People must demonstrate that their condition is so crippling that it keeps them from working.
What about anxiety disorders?Nearly 30% of adults experience an anxiety disorder at some point in their lives, making it the most prevalent of all mental disorders. However, there are a variety of efficient therapies for anxiety disorders. Most persons who receive treatment can live regular, fulfilling lives. The most typical form of anxiety disorder is GAD. The primary symptom of GAD is overly worrying about various things to do and occasions. If you have GAD, you could experience frequent feelings of anxiety. When someone is having a panic attack, they experience a variety of physical symptoms as well as strong, overpowering, and frequently uncontrollable feelings of anxiety. Shortness of breath, chest pain, dizziness, and heavy sweating are all signs of a panic attack. When the body's normal reactions to stress are too strong and interfere with your capacity to function and complete everyday chores, you experience severe anxiety. Even though most people experience some anxiety, especially when confronting a challenge or new experience, extreme anxiety can be debilitating. Hyperchondria is a very uncommon form of illness anxiety problem. About 0.1% of Americans are impacted. In early adulthood, it usually manifests. All ages and genders are susceptible to illness anxiety disorder.Learn more about anxiety disorders here:
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which of the following best describes the effect of insulin binding to the receptor on the osteoblast cells? responses insulin binding ultimately increases pancreatic secretion of additional insulin. insulin binding ultimately increases pancreatic secretion of additional insulin. insulin binding blocks the release of osteocalcin from the osteoblasts. insulin binding blocks the release of osteocalcin from the osteoblasts. insulin binding inhibits the expression of espesp. insulin binding inhibits the expression of e s p . insulin binding increases the phph of the extracellular matrix.
Insulin binding ultimately increases pancreatic secretion of additional insulin.
Insulin binding to the insulin receptor on osteoblasts stimulates a signalling pathway, causing the release of the chemical OPG by the osteoblasts, which then binds to the nearby osteoclasts. The osteoclasts react by releasing protons (H+), which lowers the pH outside the cell. Osteocalcin, a protein released by osteoblasts in an inactive state, is activated by this low pH.
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Is this a scientific model? Use complete sentences to explain why or why not.
The diagram shown below is a water cycle diagram and it is scientific model because it represents a system of ideas, events or processes.
What is a scientific model?A scientific model is described as a physical and/or mathematical and/or conceptual representation of a system of ideas, events or processes.
Scientific models are very important as they are used to explain and predict the behavior of real objects or systems and are used in a variety of scientific disciplines, ranging from physics and chemistry to ecology and the Earth sciences.
The water cycle in its own modelling describes how water evaporates from the surface of the earth, rises into the atmosphere, cools and condenses into rain or snow in clouds, and falls again to the surface as precipitation.
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which of the following statements about telomeres is true? group of answer choices without the replication of telomeres by the enzyme telomerase, linear chromosomes would gradually get longer with each round of replication. telomeres are specialized structures that are found at the ends of prokaryotic chromosomes. telomeres protect the ends of chromosomes from nucleases and help maintain the integrity of linear chromosomes. telomeres are composed of a long dna sequence that is repeated twice.
The correct answer is telomerase protects the ends of chromosomes from nucleases and helps in maintaining the integrity of linear chromosomes.
What is telomerase?
It is an enzyme present in eukaryotes that repairs the telomeres of the chromosome so that they do not become progressively shorter during chromosome replication.
It is the enzyme responsible for the addition of guanine-rich repetitive sequences. Its activity is exhibited in gametes and stem and tumor cells.
Telomerase protects the ends of chromosomes by binding at an RNA molecule that contains a sequence complementary to the telomeric repeat.
Let us discuss other statements:
Without the replication of telomeres, it becomes too short and chromosomes reach a critical length and can no longer be replicated so the cell dies.Telomeres are found at the ends of the chromosome of only eukaryotic organisms.Telomeres are composed of repetitive sequences of six base pairs, TTAGG. With each cell division, some of the telomeres are lost. But the number of times that mostly dividing cells can divide is limited.Hence telomeres protect the ends of chromosomes from becoming frayed or tangled by adding repeats to the end of the chromosome.
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in pea plants, purple flowers are dominant over white flowers. two plants, both heterozygous for the gene that controls flower color, are crossed. what percentage will have white flowers?
In pea plants, purple flowers are dominant over white flowers. two plants, both heterozygous for the gene that controls flower color, are crossed the white flower percentage will be 25%.
In the given question, the allele for a dominant trait is dominant to the purple flower.
The allele for the dominant flower is- P
The two genotypes for the dominant trait- PP
The allele for the white flower is - p
Therefore genotype for recessive trait- pp
The heterogeneous trait will be: Pp
Gene crossing:
If the cross is made between two white flowers that are between Pp x Pp
P p
P Pp Pp
p Pp pp
The probability of a white flower will be 1/4 which means 25%.
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When a researcher examines the consistency of data collected in a study, the researcher is considering which of the following characteristics?
A. reliability
B. validity
C. standard deviation
D. mode
A sample of liquid water is boiling. As more heat is added, the temperature of the liquid water will
Answer:
increase
Explanation:
Answer: It will increase
Explain: When the water tempter gets higher the water starts to increase due to the heat.
I hope this help! have a nice day!
The human body is divided into several cavities. List these cavities and propose reasons why evolution has favored this configuration.
In order to supply living creatures with the necessary adaptations and efficiency, evolution has led to complexity in body design. The bodily cavity, also known as the coelom, is a fluid-filled region where organs like the heart, lungs, stomach, and intestines can grow, expand, and move. In humans the body cavity has been divided into dorsal, thoracic, abdominal and pelvic cavities on the basis of their body position and the organs lodged there. The fluid in the body cavity keeps all the body organs hydrated and also provides a sort of hydrostatic support. It also helps to maintain homeostasis within the body.
The evolution of living things reveals that they began as aquatic prokaryotes, progressed to aquatic eukaryotes, and eventually became multicellular creatures that gradually adapted to life on land. The evolutionary tree's pinnacle or greatest level is seen as being human. The body cavity gives the intricate internal organs the environment they require to work properly. Evolution produced the many bodily compartments in humans because each function in the body has specialized organs that work separately yet together. These cavities are divided from one another by tissues and membranes.
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what would happen if the trna synthetase for proline added lysine instead of proline to the proline trnas in a particular cell? explain your answer in no more than 3 sentences, including the consequences for the proteins made by the cell and the cell itself.
If the tRNA synthetase for proline adds lysine instead of proline to the proline tRNAs in a particular cell, it will lead to mistranslation.
Mistranslation occurs when tRNA carries the wrong amino acid, leading to the addition of wrong amino acid in the nascent protein produced.
The mistranslated protein produced may get misfolded, leading to dire consequences inside the cell that can result in disease/disorder. It is found that the addition of lysine instead of proline will result in amyloid formation (Prions) and, thus lead to neurodegenerative diseases.
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what is not an application of the elisa test? group of answer choices detect illegal drug use (e.g., marijuana or cocaine) confirm pregnancy by detecting human chorionic gonadotropin (hcg) in urine diagnose a variety of diseases (e.g., west nile virus, hiv, sars, lyme, ebola) by detecting serum antibodies detect expression of the gene encoding for gfp
We can't locate the expression of gene coding for GFP through ELISA. on the identical time ELISA may be used to detect unlawful drug use,being pregnant and in disorder diagonosis .
ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) is a plate-based assay technique designed for detecting and quantifying soluble substances which includes peptides, proteins, antibodies, and hormones. exclusive names, along side enzyme immunoassay (EIA), also are used to describe the identical era.
ELISA stands for enzyme-linked immuno assay. it's far a generally used laboratory check to stumble on antibodies inside the blood. An antibody is a protein produced through the body's immune system whilst it detects harmful materials, called antigens.
Sandwich ELISA steps:-
Step 1: Immobilization of the seize protein. ...
Step 2: Wash off any unadsorbed capture protein from the nicely surface.
Step 3: Block any unbound net websites at the 96-properly plate. ...
Step 4: Wash away any unadsorbed blocking off proteins from the well..
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which of the following foods contains phytates? a. rhubarb b. beet greens c. sweet potatoes d. legumes
Legume are the food that contains phytates.
Phytates phytic acid is found in whole grains, seeds, legumes, some nut It helps to lower the absorption of iron, zinc, magnesium, and calcium.
Phytic acid are commonly found is found in sesame seeds, linseeds, and sunflower seeds. Dry fruits contain a high amount of phytic acid in its natural form. that is why the soaking of nuts in water or dehydrating them at a low temperature breaks down some of the phytic acid. Legumes a class of vegetables that includes beans, peas and lentils are among the most versatile and nutritious foods available.
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