Here, given-
homozygous alleles 'a' have a frequency of 0.3.
Also the alleles are in equilibrium in a Hardy-Weinberg population. The frequency of individuals that are homozygous for this allele are= 0.49.
The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can be defined as the principle which states that the variation in the genetic makeup of a population remains constant and unchanged till there are no external interferences, influencing the population.
Calculation-
[tex]p + q= 1\\0.3 + q= 1\\q= 1- 0.3\\q= 0.7\\[/tex]
Then to find the frequency of the individuals homozygous for this allele the following formula needs to be used-
[tex]p^{2} + 2pq + q^{2} = 1\\Here,\\p^{2}= dominant homozygous frequency\\2pq= heterozygous frequency\\q^{2}= recessive homozygous frequency\\[/tex]
Thus, the individuals homozygous for the allele can be calculated by-
[tex]q^{2} = (0.7)^{2} \\q^{2}= 0.49[/tex]
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There are several methods of gene editing, including ________, the most widely used method.
There are several methods of gene editing, including CRISPR-Cas9 the most widely used method.
One of the most popular methods of gene editing currently is the use of CRISPR/Cas9.Genome editing relies on the production of site-specific double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) and the subsequent endogenous repair through the error-prone non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) or the error-free homology-directed repair (HDR) pathways.
CRISPR/Cas9 is a technique that allows for the highly specific and rapid modification of DNA in a genome, the complete set of genetic instructions in an organism. In comparison to other technologies CRISPR/Cas9 is reliable Due to the RNA-based nature of the system, CRISPR is the most flexible, scalable, and user-friendly of the gene-editing platforms.
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Calories from saturated fats and/or added sugars in foods that have little or no nutritional value, such as sausages and ice cream, are called:.
Calories from saturated fats and/or added sugars in foods that have little or no nutritional value, such as sausages and ice cream, are called Empty Calories.
Calories can be defined as the amount of energy extracted from the food which an individual eats throughout the day. According to dietary guidelines, a young person [20-25 years old] must intake between 1,600 and 3,000 calories per day.
Foods such as sausages, ice cream, pizza, and soft drinks have a high amount of empty calories because solid fats and added sugars are used in their manufacturing to add flavors and make the food more appealing but they have no nutritional value.
The amount of empty calories a person intakes should be decreased by avoiding such food items and drinks.
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What adaptation do plants on the forest floor need to reproduce in a broadleaf forest?
The light reactions produce ________ and ________. carbohydrates, ATP oxygen, ATP water, carbohydrates ATP, carbon dioxide
Answer:
ATP and Oxygen.
Explanation:
In light reactions:
Oxygen is yielded through the photolysis of water.
ATP is yielded through chemiosmosis (using ATP synthase, similar to the process in mitochondria).
Note: NADP is also formed in light reactions, but it doesn't seem to be mentioned in this question.
Hope this helps!
The evolutionary perspective's emphasis on adaptation recalls the focus of the school of structuralism.
The statement 'the evolutionary perspective's emphasis on adaptation recalls the focus of the school of structuralism' is TRUE.
What is the evolutionary perspective?The evolutionary perspective makes reference to a theoretical framework in which the tree of life can be encompassed by common origin criteria.
In a similar way, structuralism examines human cognitive features in a single framework based on behavioral features and human cultural contexts.
In conclusion, the statement 'the evolutionary perspective's emphasis on adaptation recalls the focus of the school of structuralism' is TRUE.
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Axons that release acetylcholine are called ______
Axons that release acetylcholine are called cholinergic fibers.
What are axons?In the brain, each neuron has a single, lengthy cable that extends from the cell's core. An axon is a cable that is much thinner than a human hair and is where a neuron's electrical impulses leave the cell to be picked up by neighboring neurons.
Acetylcholine is released when an action potential is conveyed to the axon terminal, where depolarization causes voltage-gated calcium channels to open and enable an influx of calcium, which then permits the release of acetylcholine-containing vesicles into the synaptic cleft.
The neurotransmitter in preganglionic sympathetic and parasympathetic neurons is acetylcholine (ACh). Thus, axons that release acetylcholine are called cholinergic fibers.
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What is the correct sequence of enzymes involved in dna replication, considering the lagging strand?
The correct sequence of enzymes in DNA replication includes such as DNA helicase, RNA primase ,DNA polymerase, and DNA ligase. This process of DNA replication the double helix unwinds with the help of enzymes DNA helicase.
The lagging stand is the parent stand that runs in 5' and 3' direction towards the fork and the replication discontinue. DNA ,two strands at a replication fork. one stand is the leading stand which runs from 5' to 3' and other stand is lagging stand runs from 3' to 5' fork and it is made in small pieces called okazaki fragments.
The leading stand which synthesis in continuous manner, synthesis of lagging strand requires a primase that makes RNA primers that can extended by DNA polymerase to form okazaki fragments.
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PLEASE ANSWER QUICK
Which of the following is TRUE about bacteria?
Group of answer choices
Autotrophic bacteria are responsible for the recycling of nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon.
All bacteria cause diseases.
Some bacteria help to process foods or control agricultural pests through chemicals or genetic engineering.
All bacteria are heterotrophs that require oxygen to survive.
The TRUE statement about bacteria is "Some bacteria help to process foods or control agricultural pests through chemicals or genetic engineering". The third option is correct.
One crucial fact about bacteria is that some of them favourably affect food processing and agricultural pest management. Bacteria perform many different functions on our planet.
In the food industry, these helpful bacteria are used to ferment different goods, such as yoghurt and cheese, boosting flavour and nutritional value.
Additionally, certain bacteria function as biopesticides, aiding farmers in pest management without the use of hazardous chemicals.
Additionally, genetic engineering is used to harness microorganisms to create useful materials like pharmaceuticals and enzymes, which help a variety of businesses.
This emphasises the important part that certain bacteria play in enhancing food production, sustainability, and human welfare.
Thus, the third option is correct.
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A hiatal hernia is a protrusion of a portion of the _____ through the ______. Group of answer choices stomach; diaphragm duodenum; pyloric sphincter small intestine; inguinal canal rectum; anus
A hiatal hernia is a protrusion of a portion of the stomach through the diaphragm.
Hiatal hernia is a condition which arises due to a rise in blood pressure. In this condition the stomach bulges up through an opening in the diaphragm. This condition interjects with the normal mechanism of reflux that occurs through the sphincter, which is present in the esophagus. This condition usually occurs when there is excessive pressure around the stomach due to activities like repeated vomiting. This condition is usually not fatal, however, in rare and serious cases this condition can effect the esophagus and cause esophageal cancer. This condition can also lead to leakage of stomach acids and cause ulcers in the alimentary canal. In serious cases of hiatal hernia the blood flow to and from the intestine can also be effected. Serious cases need surgical treatment.
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Animals that lie in cold climates tend to have higher proportions of __________ fatty acid residues in their lipids than do animals that live in warm climates.
Answer: polyunsaturated fatty acid residues
Explanation: Unsaturated fatty acids have a lower melting point so arctic animals have these fatty acids in their membranes.
A moving blood clot is called a(n)
Answer:
A blood.clot is also called a THROMBUS
The structures that guard the nostrils and ear canals, preventing foreign particles from entering these areas are also called guard hairs or
The structures that guard the nostrils and ear canals, preventing foreign particles from entering these areas are also called guard hairs or Vibrissae
Ear and EardrumYour ears stay clean and healthy thanks to earwax. It also serves to safeguard the lining of your ear canal and is waterproof. Earwax can be either soft and moist or dry and stiff. It can range in color from yellow to brown.The modified apocrine glands known as ceruminous glands are located in the epidermis of the human external auditory canal and produce ear wax along with sebaceous glands. Cerumen is crucial in the ear canal's defense against harm from external factors and microbial invasion.Putting a wick in the ear may be necessary if the ear canal is extremely enlarged. The wick will help the drips get to the canal's conclusion.
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If you observed that the sperm of a bull could not fuse in a lab dish with the eggs of a cow, you would say that the bull and the cow showed:_____.
If you observed that the sperm of a bull could not fuse in a lab dish with the eggs of a cow, you would say that the bull and the cow showed gametic isolation.
What is gametic isolation?A type of isolation that occurs in many aquatic animals of different species. These species deposit gametes in the water, in the same place and at the same time, with fertilization occurring only between gametes originated by the same species.
Reproductive isolation mechanisms that operate prior to mating are called prezygotic reproductive barriers. These barriers are important, as they prevent individuals of different species from interbreeding and reproducing.
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The __________ of the conduction system is located in the right atrium near the entrance of the superior vena cava.
The SA node of the conduction system is located in the right atrium near the entrance of the superior vena cava.
Guide to the Conduction System. The sinoatrial node, which acts as the natural pacemaker in a healthy heart, is situated in the upper portion of the right atrium.The intrinsic conduction system of the heart is made up of a number of specialized cell subpopulations that either generate electrical activity on their own (pacemaker cells) or preferentially channel this stimulation throughout the four chambers of the heart in a coordinated manner.Where is the SA and AV node located?
The sinoatrial node (also known as the sinuatrial node, SA node or sinus node) is a group of cells known as pacemaker cells, located in the wall of the right atrium of the heart.
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Orang 2014. Mechanisms of miRNA-mediated gene regulation from common downregulation to mRNA-specific upregulation
MicoRNAs (miRNAs) are now known to be one of the most important regulatory gene families in eukaryotes. To date, 24521 microRNAs have been discovered, with many more on the way.
It was first recognized that miRNAs suppress gene expression at both the mRNA stability level by conducting mRNA degradation and the translation level (at initiation and after initiation) by inhibiting protein translation or degrading polypeptides by binding complementarily to the 3'UTR of the target mRNAs.
Nonetheless, some studies have shown that miRNAs can directly or indirectly activate gene expression in response to different cell types and conditions, as well as in the presence of specific cofactors.
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Having a conversation with someone using a cellular phone is an example of _________ transmission.
Having a conversation with someone using a cellular phone is an example of full duplex transmission.
Full-duplex data transmission allows for simultaneous data transmission in both directions along a signal carrier. For instance, on a local area network using full-duplex transmission technology, one workstation may be sending data while another is receiving data over the same line.Both sides can communicate with one another concurrently in a full-duplex setup. The common telephone service is an example of a full-duplex device; parties on each end of a conversation can speak and be heard by the other side simultaneously.One may think of a half-duplex broadcast as a one-way street between sender and receiver.learn more about full duplex here: https://brainly.com/question/15219093
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What location is the site of an active amethyst mine?
Amethyst Mine Panorama is located just 60KM East of Thunder Bay Ontario, on the gorgeous Lake Superior Circle Route. Open 7 days a week, holidays contained, from June 1st until October 1st. This active working amethyst mine greets visitors on a seasonal basis.
What location is the site of an active amethyst mine in Arizona?The Arizona Amethyst is drilled in the Four Peaks Mountain Range, which is right further of Fountain Hills. In fact you can see the mountain range right from Sami's store!
Where is the best amethyst mined?Though the vast majority of the amethyst in the need is from Brazil and Uruguay, gem dealers will tell you that some of the finest amethyst arrives from Africa.
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A part of the shoulder complex, also referred to as the breastbone, is the _____.
Answer:
sternum
Explanation:
sternum, also called breastbone, is the elongated bone in the center of the chest
Carbon can be found in which
of the following substances?
A. salt
B. water
C. helium
D. carbohydrates
Answer:
D, Carbohydrates
Explanation:
(C⋅H2O)n is the chemical compound of carbohydrates. The carbon is bonded with water. Carbohydrates literally means: Carbon hydrate, hence Carbon(C) and water(H2O).
In class, your professor shows you the skulls of three mammals. In one, the eye would be fully enclosed by bone. In the second, there is a bony circle around where the eye goes, but it is open in the back. In the third, the place where the eye would be is not encircled by bone at all. This suggests to you that
This suggests to you that
The first one is an anthropoid primate; the fully enclosed orbit is probably beneficial in an organism that relies heavily on vision.
Anthropoids are a group of primates currently represented by New and Old World monkeys, great apes and humans. They differ from other groups of primates such as strepsirrhines (lemurs) by several dental and cranial features (postorbital closure, shorter muzzles, increased vision due to more frontal eye sockets, fused frontal bone). The common ancestor of living anthropoids - including monkeys, apes and humans - arose in Africa and that the group had already branched into many species at that time.
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Neurotransmitters are located in
Othe
A. synaptic sacs
B. Golgi apparatus
C. cytoplasm
I believe it is the synaptic sacs!
"When a nerve impulse arrives at the presynaptic terminal of one neuron, neurotransmitter-filled vesicles migrate through the cytoplasm and fuse with the presynaptic terminal membrane. The neurotransmitter molecules are then released through the presynaptic membrane and into the synaptic cleft."
Both chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis collect fetal cell samples from the pregnant mother. However, during _____, a needle is passed through the abdomen and uterine walls to collect the samples; and during _____, a suction tube is inserted through the vagina into the uterus to collect the samples.
Both chorionic villus sampling and amniocentesis collect fetal cell samples from the pregnant mother. However, during amniocentesis, a needle is passed through the abdomen and uterine walls to collect the samples; and during chorionic villus sampling, a suction tube is inserted through the vagina into the uterus to collect the samples.
Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is a prenatal test in which a sample of chorionic villi is taken from the placenta for testing. This is done by taking a sample from the cervix (transcervical) or the abdominal wall (transabdominal). Amniocentesis is a process in which amniotic fluid is extracted from the uterus and then testing or treatment. This is the fluid that surrounds the fetus in a pregnant woman. Amniotic fluid is a clear, pale yellow fluid. It protects the fetus from injury and also against infection.
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Hormones called ________ are involved in regulation of white blood cell populations.
Hormones called Colony-stimulating factors are involved in regulation of white blood cell populations.
They are the master regulators of granulocyte and macrophage populations. As well as they are hematopoietic growth factors that induce clonal growth of hematopoietic progenitors in vitro and in vivo.
It is a substance that stimulates the production of blood cells.
The Colony-stimulating factors include granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and promegapoietin.
The Colony stimulating factors circulate in the blood, acting as hormones, and are also secreted locally. One example of it is erythropoietin.
The main function of it is to increase the immune system by increasing the number of neutrophils produced.
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Which pattern of inheritance would explain the different fur color in the related dogs?
Answer:
B/b alleles.
from a presentation
Why is bone made up of calcium salts and not other salts, for example, iron salts?
Bone made up of calcium salts and not other salts, for example, iron salts because the presence of iron salts would strengthen bone but make it very heavy, requiring much larger muscles to move it. Calcium and collagen work together to make bones strong and flexible. Calcium salts provide rigidity to bones and teeth. Without mineral deposits in the bone, the organic extracellular matrix would be week .
About 99% of the body's calcium is stored in bones, and the remaining 1% is found in blood, muscle, and other tissues.70% of bone is made up of bone mineral called hydroxyapatite. Before the extracellular matrix is calcified, the tissue is called osteoid tissue.
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For a species with a Type II curve, less than ____% of individuals survive for 50% of the maximum life span. At 50% of maximum life span.
10% is the answer.
In contrast, the Type II curve describes birds, mice, and other organisms characterized by relatively constant mortality or survival throughout life.
Type II. Many bird species have a type II survival curve. On the Type II curve, organisms die almost evenly at each age interval. Organisms with this type of survival curve also have relatively few offspring and can provide important parental care.
The Type II survival curve shows near-constant mortality throughout the life of the species. This means that the probability of an individual dying is independent of age. The Type II survival curve is plotted as a diagonal down the graph.
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Behavior modification to reduce self-injurious behaviors has been most successful in programs that rely on the use of:________
Behavior modification is based on the principles of behaviorist B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning. This means that, in essence, Skinner found that reinforced behavior tends to be repeated and behavior that isn't reinforced tends to phase out.
Interventions or ways to decrease this behavior include reinforcement of alternative behaviors, reinforcement of incompatible behaviors, use of schedules to engage children, providing communication systems, decreasing academic demands, and providing replacement behaviors.
Some behavior modification techniques are-
Positive reinforcement.Negative reinforcement.Punishment.Flooding.Systematic desensitization.Aversion therapy.Extinction.Behavior Modification Therapy
Within therapy, therapists using behavior modification therapy focus on specific goals with clients, which is changing certain maladaptive or undesirable behaviors in specific situations. During a first session, the therapist would listen to the client's concerns to see what the client needs or wants to change; this could be a phobia, overeating, a problem with focus and productivity, etc. The client and therapist would identify the specific problem to be solved and then figure out what steps are necessary to change the behavior gradually. The therapist and client develop a treatment plan.
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In just a week, my 7-year old cousin developed 0.6 to 1.0 centimeters pustules as shown in image 1. In the next couple of days, some of the pustules broke and formed shallow erosions covered by an amber-colored crust and the lesions expanded. His 45-year old father developed similar pathology a few days later. Carefully study the images in the assignment to answer the questions.
The result shows that the microorganism is Staphylococcus aureus.
How to explain the microorganism?Blood Agar media shows colonies which means the microbe must be a fastidious one. It allows bacteria to be distinguished by the type of hemolysis they produce. Here in the image, beta hemolysis is depicted.
Gram staining depicts a gram-positive coccus. Gram-positive organisms take up crystal violet dye and are stained purple while gram-negative organisms take up the safranin dye and give pink to red colonies.
Catalase protects the organisms from reactive oxygen species and Coagulase. According to the above results, the microorganism is Staphylococcus aureus.
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al has a pet cat. one day he observes that it is scratching and urinating on tree trunks in his yard. what behavior is al's cat displaying?
Al's cat is displaying territoriality by marking his territory by marking territory with urine and scratches.
Territoriality
Territoriality is the defense of the area where an organism lives. The marked area is often regarded as the territory of the animal living there. Al's cat is marking its territory by urinating on the plants and scratching them. Other animals that enter the territory of the cat will be able to know that the territory is not theirs and keep themselves away from the same. If an animal invades the territory of another animal it might get attacked by the animal whose territory it just invaded.
Marking the territory often comes with many perks as the animal is able to lay claim to the food, nest locations, shelter, interactions with mates, etc. The animal is able to monopolize the space in which they live.
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Punnett squares are used to show possible combinations of alleles or to predict the probability of a trait occurring in offspring. a parakeet that is heterozygous for blue feathers (dominant) is crossed with a parakeet that is homozygous for white feathers (recessive). a parakeet with white feathers. a parakeet with blue feathers. according to the punnett square for this cross, what percentage of offspring is predicted to have blue feathers?
50% of offspring have blue feathers.
How to make Punnett squares?Let's say the allele for blue feathers, which is dominant, is represented by "B" and that for white feathers, which is recessive, is represented by "b".
One parakeet has heterozygous alleles for blue feathers. Therefore its pair of genes will be represented as - Bb
Another parakeet is homozygous recessive for white feathers. Therefore its pair of genes will be represented as - bb
Gametes formed from Bb will be B and b
Gametes formed from bb will be b and b
Now the cross is made which is here shown by the Punnett square:
B b
b Bb bb
b Bb bb
Bb = blue feathers
bb = white feathers
The phenotypic ratio is = 1 : 1 (blue feathers : white feathers)
The genotypic ratio is = 1 : 1 (Bb : bb)
Therefore, 50% of the offspring have blue feathers and 50% have white feathers.
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