Similar to the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA, each pyruvate molecule loses a carbon atom with the release of carbon dioxide. During the decomposition of pyruvate, electrons move to NAD + to produce NADH. It is used by cells to produce ATP.
NADH: Three molecules are produced in the Kleb circuitFADH2: One molecule is produced in the Kleb circuitATP or GTP: From each molecule of pyruvate during the conversion of succinyl-CoA to succinic acid Two molecules of ATP are produced. The presence of the enzyme succinyl-CoA synthetase.Learn more about conversion of pyruvate here:https://brainly.com/question/4198225
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Tons of biodegradable soild waste are produced each day in cities suggest some ways to change waste into energy.
Explanation:
l if you produce by the graduable waste you can send it for recycling into composed you can delete by the industrial scale by composting and idhar composting and array big digestion a d composting is more suitable for 5 days material 8 is more suitable for which basis and sliding is
Most gastric ulcers are caused by _____________.
a. excessive mental stress
b. overuse of aspirin and /or ibuprofen
c. overconsumption of alcohol
d. bacteria
Most of the gastric ulcers are caused by bacteria.
A sore when forms on the oesophageal, stomach, or small intestine lining. When stomach acid affects the lining of the digestive tract, ulcers develop. It is referred into three distinct ulcers-
An ulcer on the lining of the stomach or the first section of small intestine is referred to as a peptic ulcer.A gastric ulcer is referred to as such if it develops in stomach. Duodenal ulcers are those that occur in the duodenum.The causative agents of ulcer-
The majority of ulcers are brought on by an infection with the bacteria or germ H. pylori. The mucus that covers the lining of your stomach and the first portion of your small intestine is damaged by this bacteria (the duodenum)Another major reason are NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs). These include over-the-counter painkillers and antipyretics such aspirin, ibuprofen, and naproxenLifestyle factors such as stress and alcohol consumptionThe answer to the most causative factor for gastric ulcer is d) bacteria.
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What do traits of anatomically modern humans include?
The traits of the anatomically modern humans include the following below:
High vertical foreheadRound and tall skullSmall browridges.What is Anatomy?This is defined as a branch of science which involves the study of the body structure of humans, organisms etc and how they are responsible for certain types of activities performed by certain parts of the body. For example, the skull is a structure which helps to protect the brain and other vital organs which are present in the body system.
Due to evolution, the modern experienced some changes anatomically which include round and tall skull and a high vertical forehead with the other features which are mentioned above. This helps it to see objects from different directions.
This is therefore the most appropriate anatomically modern human traits present today.
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Select the correct answer.
Which of the following is the correct explanation for linked genes?
A.
genes located on the same chromosome and inherited together
B.
genes located on different chromosomes but inherited together
C.
genes located on mutated chromosomes that are inherited together
Answer:
A. genes located on the same chromosome and inherited together
Explanation:
linked genes are genes that are close together and end up being inherited together due to their closeness even after chromosomal crossover
Describe the hygiene hypothesis and the role that eosinophils play in it. Why does having a parasitic worm help us
In medicine, the hygiene hypothesis states that early childhood exposure to particular microorganisms (such as the gut flora and helminth parasites) protects against allergic diseases by contributing to the development of the immune system.
What is the role of eosinophils in hygiene hypothesis ?Eosinophils are multifunctional granulocytes that contribute to initiation and modulation of inflammation.
Eosinophils are extremely versatile effector cells that damage tissues or modulate the activity of other immune and stromal cells.Why does having a parasitic worm help us ?This is because parasitic worms have evolved strategies to block parts of the human immune system.
These parts of the immune system, namely the eosinophils and IgE antibodies, are also the main players in allergies, IBD, and many other inflammatory diseasesLearn more about hygiene hypothesis here:
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What type of chromosomal abnormality can lead to multiple copies of a gene, some of which can incur mutations that can lead to the evolution of a new function?
A trisomy is a chromosomal condition characterized by an additional chromosome. A person with a trisomy has 47 chromosomes instead of 46.
Trisomy means the presence of an extra chromosome in some or all of the body's cells. This results in a total of three copies of that chromosome instead of the normal two copies. For example, Down syndrome (trisomy 21) is caused by having three copies of chromosome 21 instead of the usual two copies.
This genetic condition is the result of a genetic mutation where your cells don't divide as they should. You can't prevent this abnormality from happening during cell division.
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there are more protons than electrons in a negatively charged atom, true or false
whoever answers this, thank you so much!
Answer:
Electrons
Explanation:
Electrons are negatively charged, so if an atom is negatively charged, there will be more
Answer:
False
Explanation:
The answer is False.
Hope this helps!
Coalescent theory uses which two values when evaluating diversity of population and attempting to estimate recent history of a population?
Coalescent theory uses Effective population size (Ne) and mutation rate (µ) hen evaluating diversity of population and attempting to estimate recent history of a population.
A genealogy's gene divergence distribution can be modeled using the coalescent. It is frequently used to calculate population genetic characteristics in natural populations, including population size, migration rates, and recombination rates.Every finite set of genes or alleles has a "coalescent point" where all descendants converge to a single ancestor (i.e., they "coalesce") under the conditions of genetic drift alone.To measure population genetic diversity, it is frequently utilized. characteristics including the size of the population, migration patterns, and Rates of recombination in unmanipulated populationsIt was first created by as the "n-coalescent" Kingman (1982). Others call it the "Kingman." "the coalescent," or simply "the coalescent".learn more about Coalescent theory here: https://brainly.com/question/9640986
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An organism that uses organic carbon for its carbon needs and sunlight for its energy needs would be called a __ quizlet
Autotroph
An organism that uses organic carbon for its carbon needs and sunlight for its energy needs would be called an autotroph.
What are autotrophs?
An organism that has the ability to make its own food from inorganic materials is known as an autotroph. Contrarily, heterotrophs are organisms that are dependent on the eating of other species for their survival because they are unable to manufacture their own nutrients. Because they frequently provide food for heterotrophs, autotrophs are crucial producers in the ecosystem.
The most prevalent kinds of autotrophs are plants, which make their own food through the process of photosynthesis. In order to create nutrition from light, plants contain a specialized organelle called a chloroplast within their cells. These organelles generate glucose, a basic sugar needed for energy, as well as oxygen as a byproduct when combined with water and carbon dioxide. In addition to providing nutrients for the producing plant, glucose also serves as an energy source for the plants' consumers. Algae, plankton, and some varieties of bacteria are additional examples of autotrophs that engage in photosynthesis.
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The passengers in a roller coaster car feel 50% heavier than their true weight as the car goes through a dip with a 40 m radius of curvature.
The speed of the car at the bottom of the dip given the parameters in the equation is; v = 7 m/s
Since the motion is circular, it means that the acceleration of the car will be acting towards the centre of the circle and as a result the acceleration will be acting upwards with the formula; a = v²/rNow, if the mass of a passenger is denoted as m, then the net force on the passenger will be;F = mv²/r
Also, in the roller coaster, two other forces are acting which are the force of gravity(F_g) acting downward and also the force of the seat(F_seat) acting upwards. Thus, from equilibrium of forces, we can say that;F_seat - F_g= mv²/r
Where F_g= mg.
Thus; F_seat - mg mv²/r
1.5mg - mg mv²/r
divide through by m to get; 0.5g = v²/r
Plug in the relevant values;
0.5(9.8) = v²/10
v² = 0.5 x 9.8 × 10
v² = 49
v = 7
The speed of Car is 7 m/s
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Scientists are hopeful that npy can be used in combination with gnrh to treat certain cases of female infertility. Individuals with a deficiency in what receptor system would be most likely to benefit from such a treatment?.
According to the research, individuals with a deficiency in GnRH receptor system would be most likely to benefit from such a treatment.
What is GnRH receptor system?It is follicle-stimulating hormone being the main regulator of reproductive functions, estrogen levels rise during the menstrual cycle until enough estrogen is present to stimulate the release of GnRH and luteinizing hormone.
Progesterone in high concentrations (eg, during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle or during pregnancy) reduces the response of the pituitary to GnRH.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, individuals with a deficiency in GnRH receptor system would be most likely to benefit from such a treatment.
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Select the correct answer from each drop-down menu. in a well-balanced ecosystem, squirrels eat nuts, raccoons feed on squirrels, and bears feed on raccoons. it was observed that there were more squirrels and fewer raccoons. this situation indicates that . the least amount of energy from the sun will be received by the .
humans,animals and living earth
A four-year-old patient exhibits hemorrhagic colitis and is treated via intravenous rehydration. The pathogen is a gram-negative rod. It is isolated and differentiated from related organisms based on its ability to ferment lactose and its inability to ferment sorbitol. Which of the following is a likely diagnosis
The most likely diagnosis of Gastroenteritis based on the presence of organisms which can ferment lactose and its inability to ferment sorbitol is called enterohemorrhagic E. coli.
What is Enterohemorrhagic E. coli?This is referred to a type of pathogen which is a strain of E.coli and causes severe intestinal infection thereby damaging it and leading to bloody diarrhea being observed. Individuals can be infected through food sources such as raw or uncooked meat etc.
This organism mentioned above also has the ability to ferment lactose but not sorbitol and is usually treated using rehydration therapy and requires blood transfusion in sever cases.
This is therefore the reason why Enterohemorrhagic E. coli was chosen as the most appropriate choice.
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Select the correct answer. in cellular respiration, where do the high-energy electrons that move through the electron transport chain originate? a. water b. nadh and fadh2 c. nad and fad d. glucose
Answer:
the answer is nadh and fadh
Explanation:
High-energy electrons are released from NADH and FADH2, and they move along electron transport chains, like those used in photosynthesis. The electron transport chains are on the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. As the high-energy electrons are transported along the chains, some of their energy is captured.
The image below shows the distribution of members of a population. What type of distribution is shown?
A) Uniform
B) Clumped
C) Random
D) Irregular
The population distribution shown in the image is uniform.
What is uniform distribution?A population is said to be uniformly distributed when members of the population are uniformly distributed over the total area available for the population.
In the image, individuals in the population are more or less at an equal distance from one another and cover the entire area available to the population.
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What are the correct molar coefficients for balancing the following chemical reaction?
(NH4)3PO4 +
HCI →
NH4Cl +
H3PO4
The correct molar coefficients will be 1, 3, 3, and 1 respectively.
Balancing chemical equationsA balanced chemical equation is an equation that obeys the law of conservation of atoms.
In other words, the number of atoms of the elements in the reactants must be equal to the number of atoms of the same elements in the products.
Hence in the reaction with the chemical equation: [tex](NH_4)_3PO_4 +HCI --- > NH_4Cl +H_3PO_4[/tex]
The number of atoms of N, H, P, O, and Cl in the reactants must be the same as in the products.
Thus, the balanced equation of the reaction, in this case, will be:
[tex](NH_4)_3PO_4 +3HCI --- > 3NH_4Cl +H_3PO_4[/tex]
Therefore, the correct molar coefficients for balancing the equation are 1, 3, 3, and 1 respectively.
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How can food handlers reduce bacteria to safe levels when prepping veggies for hot holding?
Cooking the food to its right temperature can help food handlers reduce bacteria to safe levels when prepping veggies for hot holding.
Different foods have different temperatures, so to reduce bacteria the food is to be cooked to its required minimum internal temperature. once the food reaches its required temperature, we must try to hold the food at that temperature for a specific amount of time.
Hot food must be kept hot and cold food cold to prevent bacteria from growing. Cold food must be at 41°F or lower and hot food must be 135°F or higher.
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ange the sentences in order to describe how oxygen from air is transported to the cells in the kidneys.
The correct order of the sentences is B A E C D F.
What is the kidney?The kidney is the organ that is responsible for the reabsorption of mineral salts in the body.
The following is the proper order to describe how oxygen from air is transported to the cells in the kidneys;
Air enters the bronchioles in the lunges and reaches the alveoli’sThe air diffuses into the capillaries surrounding alveoli’sThe capillaries join together to reach the arteries transferring the oxygenThe pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood to the heartThe left atrium fills with oxygen rich blood and contracts to fill the left ventricleThe oxygen rich blood moves from the aorta and reaches the kidneys through a series of blood vesselsLearn more about the kidney:https://brainly.com/question/3645671
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Missing parts:
Arrange the sentences in order to describe how oxygen from air is transported to the cells in the kidneys.
A-The air diffuses into the capillaries surrounding alveoli’s
B-Air enters the bronchioles in the lunges and reaches the alveoli’s
C-The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood to the heart
D-The left atrium fills with oxygen rich blood and contracts to fill the left ventricle
E-The capillaries join together to reach the arteries transferring the oxygen
F-The oxygen rich blood moves from the aorta and reaches the kidneys through a series of blood vessels
(a) The following account was written by a confused student.
Rewrite the paragraphs with the mistakes corrected:
"Shortly after a heavy meal, glucose is absorbed from the large
intestine, and its concentration in the blood cells goes up.
This rise is detected by the liver, which releases the hormone
insulin into the blood. Insulin makes the pancreas remove the
extra glucose from the blood and store it as starch.
Later on, the concentration of glucose in the blood drops. The
liver breaks down fat so that it goes up again.
(6 marks) (6 words need changing!)
(b) Explain why, some time after the meal, the blood glucose
concentration falls below its correct level.
(2 marks)
Answer: Shortly after a heavy meal, the glucose levels increase. This rise is detected by the liver, which releases the hormoneinsulin into the blood. Then cells in the pancreas release insulin, causing the body to absorb glucose from the blood and lowering the blood sugar level to normal.
Explanation:
The presence of five digits is a plesiomorphic characteristic and is, therefore?
The presence of five digits is a plesiomorphic characteristic and is, therefore option A. a primitive mammalian pattern retained to some degree in most primates.
What is true about the presence of five digits on hands and feet?The occurrence of the five digits on both the hands and feet i known to be a kind of a primitive mammalian trait, and it is one that can also be seen in majority of primates.
Note that a lot of animals around in the world today are known to only have five digits (in the fingers or toes). The act of having five fingers in in a lot of cases is seen mostly as a recessive trait.
Therefore, The presence of five digits is a plesiomorphic characteristic and is, therefore option A. a primitive mammalian pattern retained to some degree in most primates is correct.
See full question below
The presence of five digits is a plesiomorphic characteristic and is, therefore:
Group of answer choices
A. a primitive mammalian pattern retained to some degree in most primates
B .the only truly distinctive primate trait
C. characteristic only of apes and humans
D. characteristic only of primates
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For the cross in Part B, predict the frequencies of each of the phenotypes in the F1 progeny, and determine the genotype(s) present in each phenotypic class.
The genotype(s) present in each phenotypic class.
yellow round: 3/8, RrYY, RrYy (x2)yellow wrinkled: 3/8, rrYY, rrYy(x2)green round: 1/8, Rryygreen wrinkled: 1/8, rryyGenotype AaBbCc can produce 8 types of gametes, i.e., ABC, Abc, ABc, AbC, abc, aBC, aBc and abC.What is the genotypic ratio of the F1 generation?
Since that component is regarded as dominant, generation F1's genotype ratio of 100 percent Ss hybrid resulted in 100 percent smooth pea production. Mendel was producing the Ss X Ss hybrid by self-fertilizing those F1 individuals.What is the genotype of the green pod plant?
Due to the dominance of green (G) over yellow (g), plants with G in their genotypes produce green pods. The only plants with yellow pods are gg-genotype plants.What is the phenotype of F1 progeny?
Given that one dominant and one recessive allele were transmitted from the parents, the F1 generation exhibits a uniform round yellow phenotype, as predicted by the first law.
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Which of the following statements is correct with respect to the use of oxidized sulfate by some bacterial groups
All of the above.
What are sulfur oxidizing bacteria?Any of a wide range of microorganisms that can metabolize sulfur and its components and are significant in nature's sulfur cycle are known as sulfur bacteria. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), sulfur, and thiosulfate are a few of the typical sulfur compounds that are used by these bacteria as a source of energy. Sulfate is the end result of the oxidation of sulfur.
In deep earth deposits, Thiobacillus, which is common in both marine and terrestrial settings, produces sulfuric acid, which dissolves metals in mines but also corrodes concrete and steel. It also oxidizes sulfur, generating sulfates that are helpful to plants.
I understand the question you are looking for is this:
In seawater, sulfate is the most common anion after chloride. Which of the following is correct with respect to the use of sulfate by some bacterial groups?
Oxidized sulfur-containing molecules have redox potentials lower than those of the nitrogen series.Oxidized sulfur molecules such as sulfate and sulfite serve as electron acceptors.Sulfate and sulfite can receive electrons from hydrocarbons.Sulfate-reducing archaea and bacteria are widespread in the ocean.All of the above.Learn more about sulfur bacteria here:
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If a defibrillator manufacturer claims that its device terminates ventricular fibrillation on the first shock 95% of the time, you should:
If a defibrillator manufacturer claims that its device terminates ventricular fibrillation on the first shock 95% of the time, you should: recognize that this does not mean it will save more lives.
DefibrillatorThe purpose of defibrillators is to restore a normal heartbeat by shocking or sending an electric pulse to the heart. They are employed to stop or treat irregular heartbeats that are too slow or too fast, or arrhythmia. Defibrillators can also restart the heart's rhythm if it stops suddenly. Defibrillators operate differently depending on the type. People who are having cardiac arrest can be saved by using automated external defibrillators (AEDs), which are increasingly commonplace in many public areas. These gadgets can be used in an emergency by unskilled witnesses. People who have a high risk of developing a life-threatening arrhythmia may benefit from using other defibrillators to avoid sudden death.
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[OSS.03]Which of these statements best explains how energy is produced in the sun?
A) Atoms of elements in the sun split apart to release energy.
B) Atoms of elements in the sun combine to release energy.
C) Atoms of elements in the sun expand to emit heat and nuclear energy.
D) Atoms of elements in the sun contract to emit heat and nuclear energy.
Answer:
B) Atoms of elements in the sun combine to release energy.
Explanation:
The process is called fusion, where atoms collide violently and release energy in the process, thus making new kinds of atoms.
A continuous sampler that collects or traps airborne particles onto a filter for analysis is what?
A continuous sampler that collects or traps airborne particles onto a filter for analysis is DFU.
The full form of DFU is dry filter unit and it is a biological agent detection technologies. The biological agent detector equipment are field kits and assays that are used to discriminate biological agent from harmless biological and non-biological material present in the environment or the sample. Biological agents include bacteria,viruses, fungi, other microorganism and their associated toxins.
The Joint Biological Point Detection System (JBPDS) was created to prevent big attacks, it identifies in advance any evidence of aerosolized biological warfare agents, and be able to start a medical treatment.
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A single-cell atlas of non-alcoholic fatty livers identifies regulatory genes that control de novo lipogenesis
A Final statement or concluding statement
It should be noted that not all gut microbiota promote fatty liver disease; some strains act as "probiotics," mitigating the negative effects of other gut microflora.
This is supported by evidence that butyrate, as demonstrated in NAFLD rat models, may be the mechanism by which some bacteria inhibit progression from benign hepatic steatosis to NASH. Changes in the microbiome may thus influence an individual's risk of developing NAFLD, progressing to NASH, or developing the metabolic syndrome.
Hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) is the biochemical process of synthesising fatty acids from acetylCoA subunits produced by a variety of cell pathways, most notably carbohydrate catabolism.
In addition to glucose, which is the most common source of carbon units for DNL, fructose is a profoundly lipogenic substrate that can drive DNL, which is significant given the increased use of fructose in corn syrup as a sweetener.
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To be an effective therapy, an antisense gene that is incorporated into a genome that contains the target gene must be:_________
Complementary Sequence to its corresponding mRNA and the mRNA
Antisense RNAs are utilized for gene regulation and specifically target mRNA molecules that are used for protein synthesis.
What is the function of Antisense Gene ?Antisense RNAs play the crucial role in regulating gene expression at multiple levels, such as at replication, transcription, and translation.
In addition, artificial antisense RNAs can effectively regulate the expression of related genes in host cells.Antisense gene therapy is a gene silencing technique similar to RNA interference, but uses a slightly different mechanism. The therapy is called a gene silencing technique because, instead of repairing the gene, it aims to “silence” the gene's effect.Learn more about Antisense Gene here:
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Which documents have phi on them. select all that apply: a. student brain/report sheet c. nor d. assignment sheet
The documents have phi on them is student brain/report sheet. The correct option is a.
What is PHI?According to U.S. law, protected health information is any data about a person's health status, the delivery of healthcare, or payment for healthcare that was generated or gathered by a covered entity.
Protected health information is referred to as PHI. The HIPAA Privacy Rule grants patients a range of rights with regard to personal health information kept by covered companies and offers federal protections for that information.
Any information in a medical file or other designated record set that can be used to uniquely identify a person is considered protected health information (PHI). Student report sheet and student brain are both included in the publications.
Thus, the correct option is a.
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When RNA polymerase synthesizes a new mRNA, interactions between the RNA polymerase, the DNA, and the RNA hold the complex together. When a hairpin loop forms in the nascent mRNA:
When a hairpin loop forms in the nascent mRNA: The hairpin will destabilize the interaction and possibly lead to transcriptional termination.
Transcription in prokaryotes like E. coli is terminated either by a rho-dependent process or a rho-independent process. Intrinsic termination is controlled by the specific sequences of RNA .
When the termination process starts, the transcribed mRNA forms a stable secondary structural hairpin loop, also known as a stem-loop. Several uracil nucleotides follow this RNA hairpin. The uracil and adenine connections are exceedingly weak. NusA, a protein attached to RNA polymerase, attaches to the stem-loop structure so firmly that it momentarily stalls the polymerase.
The polymerase is pausing at the same time that the poly-uracil sequence is being transcribed. The RNA-DNA duplex can unwind and separate from the RNA polymerase because the weak adenine-uracil interactions reduce the energy of destabilization for the RNA-DNA duplex. Overall, transcription is terminated by the modified RNA structure.
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Non-primates have fewer digits (i.e. fingers and toes) compared to primates in order to:______.
a. climb more efficiently.
b. manipulate objects.
c. run faster.
d. have a finer sense of touch.
c. run faster is the correct option
Primates have large brains and dexterous limbs. Non-primates have small brains and inflexible limbs. The main differences between primates and non-primates are the size of the brain and the flexibility of the limbs.
Humans are primates and are a diverse group containing about 200 species. Monkeys, lemurs, and apes are our cousins, and we have all evolved from a common ancestor over the last 60 million years.
Primates: Humans, apes, monkeys, chimpanzees, gorillas, baboons, and orangutans are examples of primates.
Non-primates: Birds, reptiles, amphibians, and some mammals are not primates.
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