Answer:
a) with industrial without industrial differential
systems systems amount
sales revenue 640,000 330,000 (310,000)
variable COGS (81,000) (48,000) 33,000
fixed COGS (298,000) (216,000) 82,000
gross profit 261,000 66,000 (195,000)
variable S&A (140,000) (72,000) 68,000
fixed S&A (71,000) (56,000) 15,000
operating 50,000 (62,000) (112,000)
income
b) contribution margin income statements:
with industrial systems
Sales revenue $640,000
- Variable COGS ($81,000)
- Variable S&A ($140,000)
Contribution margin $419,000
- Fixed COGS ($298,000)
- Fixed S&A ($71,000)
Operating income $50,000
without industrial systems
Sales revenue $330,000
- Variable COGS ($48,000)
- Variable S&A ($72,000)
Contribution margin $210,000
- Fixed COGS ($216,000)
- Fixed S&A ($56,000)
Operating loss ($62,000)
c) sometimes certain product lines help to amortize fixed costs and even though they are not profitable by themselves, without them, the company's operating profits and net income could be negatively affected.
Here are some important figures from the budget of Crenshaw, Inc., for the second quarter of 2019. April May June Credit sales $689,000 $598,000 $751,000 Credit purchases 302,000 282,000 338,000 Cash disbursements: Wages, taxes, and expenses 137,000 129,000 179,000 Interest 15,600 15,600 15,600 Equipment purchases 53,500 6,600 248,000 The company predicts that 5 percent of its credit sales will never be collected, 35 percent of its sales will be collected in the month of the sale, and the remaining 60 percent will be collected in the following month. Credit purchases will be paid in the month following the purchase. In March 2019, credit sales were $561,000. Using this information, complete the following cash budget: April MAY JUNEBeginning cash balance 182,000 Cash receiptCash Collection from the credit saleTotal cash available Cash Disbursement Purchase $289,000 Wages, Taxes, and expenses Interest Equipment purchases Total cash Disbursement Ending cash balance
Answer and Explanation:
The presentation of the cash budget for the three months is shown below:
Particulars April May June
Beginning
cash balance $182,000 $264,650 $434,150
Add:
Cash receipts :
Credit sales
collections $577,750 $622,700 $621,650
Total cash
available $759,750 $887,350 $1,055,800
Less:
Cash disbursements
Purchases -$289,000 -$302,000 -$282,000
Wages, Taxes
and expenses -$137,000 -$129,000 -$179,000
Interest -$15,600 -$15,600 -$15,600
Equipment
purchases -$53,500 -$6,600 -$248,000
Total
cash disbursements -$495,100 -$453,200 -$724,600
Ending
cash balance $264,650 $434,150 $331,200
Working Notes:
Cash collection from credit sales
Particulars March April May June
Credit sales $561,000 $689,000 $598,000 $751,000
Cash collected :
35% cash collected
in month of sales $196,350 $241,150 $209,300 $262,850
60% cash collected
in following month
of sales $0 $336,600 $413,400 $358,800
Total cash
collected from sales $577,750 $622,700 $621,650
A corporation uses the indirect method for preparing the statement of cash flows. A fixed asset has been sold for $24,241 representing a gain of $3,478. The value in the operating activities section regarding this event would be
Answer:
($3,478)
Explanation:
The above means that the amount of gain on sale of fixed asset should be deducted from net income so as to get the cash flow from the operating activities because it is an increase in net income for the period under review.
It is to be noted that where non cash expense such as depreciation is given, such will be added back while non cash revenue is deducted to arrive at the net cash flow from operating activities.
Aaron Corporation, which has only one product, has provided the following data concerning its most recent month of operations:
Selling price $90
Units in beginning inventory 0
Units produced 3,400
Units sold 3,000
Units in ending inventory 400
Variable costs per unit:
Direct materials $21
Direct labor $38
Variable manufacturing overhead $6
Variable selling and administrative expense $4
Fixed costs:
Fixed manufacturing overhead $54,400
Fixed selling and administrative expense $3,000
What is the unit product cost for the month under variable costing?
Answer:
$65 per unit
Explanation:
Calculation for the unit product cost for the month under variable costing for Aaron Corporation.
Variable costs per unit:
Direct materials $21
Direct labor $38
Variable manufacturing overhead $6
Variable costing unit product cost $ 65
Therefore the unit product cost for the month under variable costing will be $65 per unit.
Juice Drinks has beginning inventory of $10,000, purchases in the amount of $150,000, and ending inventory of $8,000. Juice Drinks cost of goods sold is $ ____________.
Answer:
$152,000
Explanation:
Given the data as shown below;
Opening inventory = $10,000
Purchases = $150,000
Ending inventory = $8,000
Therefore,
Juice drinks cost of goods sold = Opening inventory + Purchases - Ending inventory
= $10,000 + $150,000 - $8,000
= $152,000
A promotion related to the movie Pacific Rim Uprising was seen in Target stores throughout the United States. The sales promotion was designed to maximize the consumer's attention to a DVD release and provide storage for the products. This type of sales promotion is referred to as a
Answer:
This type of sales promotion is referred to as a Dealer Sales Promotion (Trade Promotion).
Explanation:
The Dealer Sales Promotion, otherwise known as Trade Promotion, is aimed at Dealers, designed to maximize the attention of consumers, and provide storage for the products in Target stores throughout the United States. The promoters want Pacific Rim Uprising to be seen by consumers, so that their attention is galvanized, and to get Target stores to create the space for the DVD upon the film's release, through cooperative advertising. It is not aimed directly at consumers or salespersons, but dealers.
An investment adviser representative (IAR) asks a customer for a loan of $5,000. The customer agrees, and both the customer and the IAR document the loan by signing a written agreement. Under the provisions of the Uniform Securities Act, the IAR:
Answer:
D. Has not committed an unethical act since the loan was documented in writing.
Explanation:
Section 102 of the Uniform Securities Act of 1956 specifies that it is unlawful and unethical for an investment adviser representative to enter into a contract with a client except it is provided in writing that he does not stand to gain any financial profit, that no assignment of the contract would be made without the consent of the other party, and that if there is any change in the membership of the contract, the other party would be notified.
So, if the contract was documented between the investment adviser and the client, then it would not be unethical conduct.
For the following transaction, answer the questions that follow in accordance with the rules of journalizing and the double-entry accounting system:
Transaction:
Drawing by owner amounted to $1,500.
Required:
a. Which two accounts are affected ?
b. What kind of accounts are they?
c. Do the account balances increase or decrease?
d. Do we debit or credit the accounts?
Answer and Explanation:
Given that
Drawings by owner for $1,500
The journal entry is
Drawing Dr $1,500
To cash $1,500
(being the amount withdrawn is recorded)
a. Here the two accounts are affected one is drawings account and the second one is the cash account
b. The drawing is the equity account while the cash is the asset account
c. The drawing account is increased and the cash account is decreased
d. The drawing account is debited and cash account is credited
Fertile Acres Inc., Growers Farm Co-op, and Harvest Orchards agree to exchange information, conduct an advertising campaign, and set certain regulatory standards to govern their operations. This association is
Answer: a. subject to analysis under the rule of reason.
Explanation:
The Rule of Reason is used to interpret whether he Sherman Act which is an anti-trust law has been breached. This Rule was established so as not to unfairly close down all monopolies and Monopolies are not illegal, price fixing is.
If companies therefore come together as Fertile Acres Inc., Growers Farm Co-op, and Harvest Orchards have done, the Government under the Rule of Reason will check to see if the actions of these firms was done in order for them to go against free trade practices. If it was not then the agreement might be allowed to stand.
A process that automatically groups people with similar buying intentions, preferences, and behaviors and predicts future purchases is called _____.
Answer: collaborative filtering
Explanation:
A process that automatically groups people with similar buying intentions, preferences, and behaviors and predicts future purchases is referred to as collaborative filtering.
Collaborative filtering is a method of making predictions about a user by collecting information from other similar users.
A company's net sales are $787,030, its costs of goods sold are $439,160, and its net income is $106,280. Its gross margin ratio equals:
Answer:
Gross margin ratio = 46.57%
Explanation:
Gross margin is also known as gross profit margin ratio, and it is a measure of profitability. It compares a company's gross margin to its revenue and shows how much profit is made after the cost of goods sold is paid for.
the formula for calculating gross margin is as follows:
[tex]Gross\ Margin =\ \frac{(Total\ Revenue)-(cost\ of\ goods\ sold) }{Total\ Revenue} \times 100[/tex]
where:
Total revenue = net sales = 787,030
cost of goods sold = $439,160
[tex]\leq Gross\ Margin =\ \frac{787,030-439,160 }{747,030} \times 100\\\\Gross\ Margin =\ \frac{347,870 }{747,030} \times 100\\Gross\ Margin =\ 46.57\%[/tex]
Gabriel, Harris and Ida are members of Jeweled Watches, LLC. What are their options with respect to the management of their firm?
Answer:
They could be a Member-managed Limited Liability Company or a Manager-managed Limited Liability Company.
Explanation:
A Limited Liability Company is usually run by two or more partners. In managing this type of company, the members might choose to manage the company themselves. This is known as a member-managed Limited Liability Company. In such cases, if any member makes a decision in behalf of the business, with his signature appended to it, such a decision is considered legally binding on all other members of the company. Every member also has a say in the company's decision-making.
If they choose to be a manager-managed Limited Liability Company, they can appoint one or more non-members to manage the company for them. They do not interfere with how the manager chooses to run the company. They can still make important decisions but this is quite limited. However, they can choose to remove the manager/managers as they will.
If the region or country where a company is located is experiencing a labor shortage, what should the company's management do
Answer:
In a situation where the company established in a region or country is experiencing a labor shortage, the best action to be taken would be to employ labourers from other regions or countries and moved them towards their location. This approach is adopted mostly by construction and hospitality industries.
Explanation:
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF PHYSICAL ERGONOMICS
Answer:
▫️Increased savings. • Fewer injuries. • More productive and sustainable employees. ...
▫️Fewer employees experiencing pain. • Implementing ergonomic improvements can reduce the risk factors that lead to discomfort.
▫️Increased productivity. • ...
▫️Increased morale. • ...
▫️Reduced absenteeism. •
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Explanation:
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Suppose that we have the following information concerning the government's finances and the macroeconomy for a given year: Government Debt: $12 trillion Inflation: 10% Nominal Deficit: $1.5 trillion What is the real deficit for the year
Answer: $300 billion
Explanation:
The real deficit that a Government has is one that has been adjusted for inflationary effects. It is calculated by subtracting the inflation rate times the total debt from the nominal deficit.
= Nominal deficit - (Inflation rate * Total debt)
= 1.5 trillion - ( 10% * 12 trillion)
= 1.5 trillion - 1.2 trillion
= $300 billion
Mark Sports Inc. sold 500 pairs of skates at $50 each in 2012. The management estimates that 4% of the skates sold will need repair within a year. The repair cost for each pair is $10. Which is the correct journal entry for estimating warranty liability
Answer:
Warranty repair Expense (Dr.) $200
Warranty Payable (Dr.) $200
Explanation:
The warranty expense is the estimate of probable expense that will incur due to fault in the product. The estimated repair is the 4% of skates sold. If 500 pairs of skates are sold then out of them 4% will require repair. The repair for the faulty skates will cost $10. The total cost will be $200,
500 pairs of skates * 4% * $10
Presented below is the 2021 income statement and comparative balance sheet information for Tiger Enterprises.
TIGER ENTERPRISES
Income Statement
For the Year Ended December 31, 2021
($ in thousands)
Sales revenue $ 9,000
Operating expenses:
Cost of goods sold $ 3,800
Depreciation expense 280
Insurance expense 300
General and administrative expense 2,200
Total operating expenses 6,580
Income before income taxes 2,420
Income tax expense (968)
Net income $ 1,452
Balance Sheet Information ($ in thousands) Dec. 31,2021 Dec. 31, 2020
Assets:
Cash $ 380 $ 240
Accounts receivable 770 870
Inventory 700 640
Prepaid insurance 90 40
Equipment 2,500 2,000
Less: Accumulated depreciation (920) (640)
Total assets $ 3,520 $ 3,150
Liabilities and Shareholders' Equity:
Accounts payable $ 320 $ 400
Accrued liabilities (for general & administrative expense) 320 440
Income taxes payable 220 190
Notes payable (due 12/31/2022) 1,040 800
Common stock 980 840
Retained earnings 640 480
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity $ 3,520 $ 3,150
Required:
Prepare Tiger’s statement of cash flows, using the indirect method to present cash flows from operating activities. (Hint: You will have to calculate dividend payments).
Answer and Explanation:
The Preparation of Tiger’s statement of cash flows, using the indirect method is shown below:-
TIGER ENTERPRISES
Income Statement
For the Year Ended December 31, 2021
Particulars Amount
Cash flow from operating activities
Net income $1,452
Non cash adjustment effects
Depreciation expenses $280
Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Decrease in accounts receivable $100
Increase in inventory ($60)
Increase in prepaid insurance ($50)
Decrease in accounts payable ($80)
Decrease in accrued liabilities ($120)
Increase in income tax payable $30 $100
Net cash flow from operating activities $1,552
Cash flow from investing activities
Equipment purchased ($500)
Net cash flow investing activities ($500)
Cash flow from financing activities
Issuance of notes payable $240
Issuance of common stock $140
Payment of dividends ($1,292)
Net cash flow from financing activities ($912)
Net increase in cash $140
Jan 1 Cash $240
Dec 32 Cash $380
Working note:-
Retained earning Opening balance $480
Add: Net income $1,452
Less: Retained earning closing balance $640
Paid dividend $1,292
The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) is a mathematical approach to understanding market concentration that provides a single concentration indicator. What is the HHI for an industry characterized by the below noted data?Firm 1 has a market share of 40%Firm 2 has a market share of 20%Firm 3 has a market share of 15%Firm 4 has a market share of 15%Firm 5 has a market share of 10%HHI=___
Answer:
2550
Explanation:
The HHI is calculated by squaring the market share of each firm in the industry.
40² + 20² + 15² + 15² + 10² = 1600 + 400 + 225 + 225 + 100 = 2550
Advertising department expenses of $42,800 and purchasing department expenses of $32,100 of Cozy Bookstore are allocated to operating departments on the basis of dollar sales and purchase orders, respectively. Information about the allocation bases for the three operating departments follows.
Department Sales Purchase Orders
Books $ 180,000 1,170
Magazines 108,000 520
Newspapers 112,000 910
Total $ 400,000 2,600
Complete the following table by allocating the expenses of the two service departments (advertising and purchasing) to the three operating departments. (Amounts to be deducted should be indicated with minus sign.)
Answer:
Cozy Bookstore
Allocation of Service Departments' Overheads to the Operating Departments:
Books Magazines Newspapers Total
Allocation of:
Advertising Dept. $19,260 $11,556 $11,984 $42,800
(Dollar Sales)
Purchasing Dept. $14,445 $6,420 $11,235 $32,100
(Purchase Orders)
Total $33,705 $17,976 $23,219 $74,900
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
1. Allocation Basis:
Department Sales Purchase Orders
Books $ 180,000 (45%) 1,170 (45%)
Magazines 108,000 (27%) 520 (20%)
Newspapers 112,000 (28%) 910 (35%)
Total $ 400,000 2,600
2. Allocation of Advertising Department expenses of $42,800 on the basis of dollar sales:
Books = 45% of $42,800 = $19,260
Magazines = 27% of $42,800 = $11,556
Newspapers = 28% of $42,800 = $11,984
3. Allocation of Purchasing Department expenses of $32,100 on the basis of Purchase orders:
Books = 45% of $32,100 = $14,445
Magazines = 20% of $32,100 = $6,420
Newspapers = 35% of $32,100 = $11,235
4. The allocation of overheads for the service departments of Advertising and Purchase of Cozy Bookstore was done using the direct method. This method allocates the overheads directly to each operating unit of either Books, Magazines, or Newspapers. This is a straightforward method. Other methods exists for the allocation. They include the step method and the reciprocal method; details of their discussions are not included in this class.
Farmers and ranchers are considered to be part of the ________ which is the subdivision of the food industry that produces agricultural commodities.
Answer: producers sector
Explanation:
Farmers, rancher, and so on are part of the producers sector of the food industry where they engage in the production of raw food, fiber, and other agricultural products or commodities. In the case of farmers, they work the land and/or keep livestock, especially on the farm. Ranchers operate large plots of land for raising cattle, sheep or other livestock.
other major sectors of the food industry would include: -Farm Service , Processors , and Marketers.
A share of stock sells for $53 today. The beta of the stock is .7 and the expected return on the market is 16 percent. The stock is expected to pay a dividend of $1.00 in one year. If the risk-free rate is 5.2 percent, what should the share price be in one year?
Answerueueyehrgrgr
Explanation:
Troy Enterprises uses a continuous review inventory control system. The firm operates 50 weeks per year, with an annual demand of 50,000 units, an ordering cost of $35 per order, a holding cost of $1 per unit per year, a lead time of 3 weeks, and a standard deviation of demand during lead time equal to 216.51 units. what is safety stock for the firm if a 94% service level is desired?
Answer:
Safety Stock is 336.62 units
Explanation:
As per given data
Demand = D = 50,000
Ordering Cost = S = $35
Holding Cost = H = $1 per unit per year
Weekly Demand = Demand / 50 weeks = 50,000 / 50 = 1,000 units per week
Weekly Demand during Lead time of 3 weeks = 1000 x 3 = 3,000 units
Standard Deviation = 216.51 units
Desired Service level = 94%
The Z score at 94% service level is 1.55477
Safety Stock = Zscore x standard deviation = 1.55477 x 216.51
Safety Stock = 336.62
The Safety Stock for the firm if a 94% service level is desired is 336.62 units
Calculation of the safety stock:Since
Demand = D = 50,000
Ordering Cost = S = $35
Holding Cost = H = $1 per unit per year
Now
Weekly Demand = Demand / 50 weeks
= 50,000 / 50
= 1,000 units per week
Now
Weekly Demand during Lead time of 3 weeks
= 1000 x 3
= 3,000 units
Standard Deviation = 216.51 units
Desired Service level = 94%
Also, The Z score at 94% service level is 1.55477
So,
Safety Stock = Zscore x standard deviation
= 1.55477 x 216.51
= 336.62
hence, The Safety Stock for the firm if a 94% service level is desired is 336.62 units
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The stock in Bowie Enterprises has a beta of .87. The expected return on the market is 11.70 percent and the risk-free rate is 2.89 percent. What is the required return on the company's stock
Answer:
10.55%
Explanation:
The stock in Bowie's enterprise has a beta of 0.87
The expected return on the market is 11.70%
The risk free rate is 2.89%
Therefore, the required return on the company stock can be calculated as follows
= 2.89%+0.87(11.70%-2.89%)
= 2.89%+10.179%-2.5143%
= 2.89%+7.6647%
= 10.55%
Hence the required return on the company's stock is 10.55%
Presented below are selected transactions at Windsor, Inc. for 2019. Jan. 1 Retired a piece of machinery that was purchased on January 1, 2009. The machine cost $60,600 on that date. It had a useful life of 10 years with no salvage value. June 30 Sold a computer that was purchased on January 1, 2016. The computer cost $40,200. It had a useful life of 5 years with no salvage value. The computer was sold for $13,800. Dec. 31 Discarded a delivery truck that was purchased on January 1, 2015. The truck cost $41,160. It was depreciated based on a 6-year useful life with a $3,000 salvage value. Required:Journalize all entries required on the above dates, including entries to update depreciation, where applicable, on assets disposed of. Windsor, Inc. uses straight-line depreciation. (Assume depreciation is up to date as of December 31, 2018.)
Answer:
All journal entries are given below
Explanation:
A. Retired a piece of machinery
Entry DEBIT CREDIT
Accumulated depreciation $60,600
Machinery $60,600
B. Depreciation for expense for computer sold
Entry DEBIT CREDIT
Depreciation expense $4,020
Accumulated depreciation $4,020
Working
Depreciation = (40,200/5year) x6/12
Depreciation = $4,020
C. Disposal of computer
Entry DEBIT CREDIT
Cash $13,800
Accumulated depreciation(w) $28,140
Gain on disposal $1,740
Computer $40,200
Workings;-
Accumulated depreciation = depreciation expense per year x number of years
Accumulated depreciation = $8040 x 3.5years = $28,140
D. depreciation of delivery truck
Entry DEBIT CREDIT
Depreciation expense $6,360
Accumulated depreciation $6,360
E. Dicarded delivery truck
Entry DEBIT CREDIT
Accumulated depreciation(w) $31,180
Loss on discarded truck $9,360
Delivery truck $41,160
Workings;-
Accumulated depreciation = depreciation expense per year x number of years
Accumulated depreciation = $6,360 x 5
Accumulated depreciation = $31,180
In marketing his wooden pens and pencils to specialty-shop customers. What marketing straregy Roben was using and why?
Answer:
concentrated marketing
Suppose the demand curve for a monopolistic competitor becomes steeper, but its average total costs do not change. What is likely to be an effect?
Answer:
The demand curve is less elastic.
Explanation:
The steeper demand curve shows that the demand had become less elastic because the steeper demand curve represents the less elastic demand while the flatter demand curve shows the more elastic demand. therefore, if the demand curve for a monopolistic competitor becomes steeper that means people are less responsive towards the quantity. So if the price increases or decreases, then people will not change their quantity more than the change in price.
The Association of Organic Food Growers, which does not include all organic farmers and ranchers, refuses to deal with any parties who do not carry the products of its members. This group boycott is Group of answer choices a situation that neither restrains trade nor harms competition. not within the scope of the Sherman Act. a per se violation of antitrust law. subject to analysis under the rule of reason.
Answer:
a per se violation of antitrust law.
Explanation:
The antitrust laws can be defined as those laws that are created by the US government to protect consumers from unfair means of competition in market. The aim of creating such laws is to ensure the protection of customers from corruptive business practices and also to ensure safe healthy competitive environment among same business companies.
In the given scenario, the Association of Organic Food Growers is violating the antitrust law by boycotting farmers, ranchers, etc. The antitrust laws are violated by companies in several ways among them is by boycotting.
Boycotting can be defined as an agreement between several companies that excludes a group of customers or market to avert them from buying aanyy goods or products.
This boycotting agreement is a per se violation of antitrust law.
What best explains why a firm's ratio of long-term debt/total capital is lower than the industry average, while the ratio of income before interest and taxes/debt interest charges is higher than the industry average
Answer:
The lower ratio of long-term debt to total capital is explained by the fact that the company is not highly geared or leveraged in comparison to the industry average firm.
This also explains why the ratio of income before interest and taxes to the debt interest charges is higher than the industry average because the firm does not pay so much in interest expense as the average firm in its industry.
Explanation:
Company X's leverage determines its ratio of long-term debts to total capital. If Company X has large long-term debts it will have a higher long-term debts to total capital ratio and vice versa. In that situation, Company X will also pay more in interest, causing its ratio of income before interest and taxes to the interest charges to be higher than the industry average, and vice versa.
american snacks inc, a conglomerate, has a strategic alliance with tres bien limite, a french snack-maker. concerned that the different business units what can owners and managers at american snacks do to respond to tres biens concern
Answer: c. Arrange for the alliance to be managed at the corporate level.
Explanation:
To mitigate the risk of the various units of American Snacks partnering with Très Bien competitors, the alliance should be managed at Corporate level. All the different units are subservient at Corporate level therefore managing the alliance from there would mean that the different units cannot partner with rivals because Corporate level decisions are strategic and affect the entire company.
Partnering with rivals would therefore be unfeasible across the entire company.
The following data were reported by a corporation: Authorized shares 24,000 Issued shares 19,000 Treasury shares 5,500 The number of outstanding shares is: Multiple Choice 19,000. 18,500. 29,500.
Answer:
13,500
Explanation:
Outstanding shares = issued shares - Treasury shares
19,000 - 5,500 = `13,500
Shares is a method through which firms raise capital.
Authorised shares are the maximum number of shares a company can issue to investors
Outstanding shares are the total number of shares sold to investors
Treasury shares are shares that have been issued and later repurchased by the company
Issued shares are the shares that a company issues
When marginal revenue equals marginal cost, the firm a. should increase the level of production to maximize its profit. b. may be minimizing its losses rather than maximizing its profit. c. must be generating positive economic profits. d. must be generating positive accounting profits.
When marginal revenue is equal to the marginal cost, then the firm should increase the level of production to maximize its profit.
Marginal revenue simply means the increase in revenue that a company makes as a result of selling an additional output of good. Marginal cost is the cost that a company incurs for production of one extra unit of good.
It should be noted that when the marginal cost if a firm is more than the marginal revenue, it means that the firm is producing too much.
When the marginal revenue of the firm equals the marginal cost, then the firm should maximize its profit.
The correct option is A.
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