Answer:
BLE OF CONTENTS
ECONOMY GOVERNMENT & POLICY
What Is a Monopoly? Types, Regulations, and Impact on Markets
By ADAM HAYES Updated August 02, 2022
Reviewed by CAITLIN CLARKE
Fact checked by SUZANNE KVILHAUG
Monopoly
Investopedia / Jessica Olah
What Is a Monopoly?
A monopoly is a market structure where a single seller or producer assumes a dominant position in an industry or a sector. Monopolies are discouraged in free-market economies as they stifle competition and limit substitutes for consumers.
In the United States, antitrust legislation is in place to restrict monopolies, ensuring that one business cannot control a market and use that control to exploit its customers.
KEY TAKEAWAYS
A monopoly is a market structure that consists of only one seller or producer.
A monopoly limits available substitutes for its product and creates barriers for competitors to enter the marketplace.
Monopolies can lead to unfair consumer practices.
Some monopolies such as those in the utility sector are government regulated.
on january 1, year 1, zero company obtained a $52,000, 4-year, 6.5% installment note from regional bank. the note requires annual payments consisting of principal and interest of $15,179, beginning on december 31 of the current year. the december 31, year 1 carrying amount in the allocation of periodic payments table for this installment note will be equal to: a.$36,821 b.$39,000 c.$40,201 d.$27,635
The December 31, year 1 carrying amount in the allocation of periodic payments table for this installment note will be equal to $27,635
An installment note is a legal obligation or liability requiring the borrower to repay the lender's principal in periodic payments. On the other hand, a lump sum note or balloon loan requires the borrower to repay the entire note principal on a specific date. There is no payment schedule.
An installment note typically has a payment schedule in which the borrower repays the lender in equal monthly, quarterly, semi-annually, or annual payments until the loan is fully repaid with interest. It functions similarly to a personal mortgage. There is a note term and a set payment amount that is paid in equal installments over the term.
These notes are common among franchises and businesses that need trade debts to float their inventory over multiple accounting periods.
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yamaska mining issued a 5-year, $50 million face, 6% semiannual bond when market interest rates were 7%. the market yield of the bonds was 8% at the beginning of the next year. using the effective interest rate method, what is the initial balance sheet liability, and what is the interest expense that the company should report for the first half of the second year of the bond's life (the third semiannual period)?
The total interest a borrower will pay over the course of the debt is called the interest cost.Interest costs will be $1,689,853.
Find the solution ?Since the market interest rate at issuance is higher than the coupon rate, this bond is a discount bond.
The initial liability is equal to the money collected from the sale of the bond.
The following equation can be used to determine this sum:
FV = 50,000,000; N = 10; I = 3.5;
PMT = 1,500,000;
PV=FV/(1+i)n
CPT PV = $47,920,848.67.
To obtain the liabilities value at the start of the bond's second year of existence, 48,281,511, change N to 8, then compute PV.
For the subsequent semi-annual period,
interest costs will be 48,281,511(0.035) = $1,689,853.
The amortization of the discount is unaffected by the following change in market rate.
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which organizational culture is best suited for an individual who is high in conscientiousness? market clan hierarchy adhocracy
Hierarchy is the organizational culture which is best suited for an individual who is high in conscientiousness.
What is Hierarchical Organizational Structure?
A direct chain of command running from the top of the organization to the bottom is present in a hierarchical organizational structure. All important decisions are made by senior management, which is subsequently communicated to lower levels of management. If a person at the bottom of the organizational pyramid needs to make a decision, they must first convey their request up the chain of command for permission before receiving a response with their choice. When there are few products that are sold in large quantities, a hierarchical structure works effectively so that strict control over the design, quality, production, and distribution of goods can be maintained.
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analyze the causes of increasing supply level of a product
answer in detail, give the reason
When all other circumstances are identical, the amount of a thing or service given equals the quantity sellers are willing to sell at a particular price during a certain time period. All else being equal, higher prices boost revenues and motivate sellers to sell more.
Why does the amount of stock that is delivered increase as the price of the stock goes up?When all other factors remain the same, the amount of an item or service that is provided is equal to the quantity of that good or service that sellers are willing to sell at a certain price over a specific time period.
The receipt of a greater price results in increased earnings and encourages sellers to raise the amount of product they offer, all other things being equal.
In conclusion, A supply curve is a graphical depiction of the connection between the price of a product and the amount of that product that a seller is willing and able to deliver. Supply curves are used extensively in economics. On the graph, the price of the product is shown along the vertical axis, and the amount of product delivered is plotted along the horizontal axis.
The quantity of a resource that businesses, producers, laborers, suppliers of financial assets, and other economic actors are willing and able to provide to the market or to an individual is referred to as the supply in economics. The term "supply" may refer to manufactured commodities, labor hours, unprocessed resources, or anything else that is valued or rare.
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for financial reporting purposes, the total amount of period costs incurred to sell 4,000 units is closest to:
For financial reporting purposes, total amount of period costs incurred to sell 4,000 units is closest to $33000.
What is financial reporting?The period of growth and expansion is exciting for many enterprises. It produces fresh chances, attracts new clients, and increases earnings and revenue. However, it can be challenging to make wise choices about how to run and expand your company if your team lacks critical financial reporting and analysis skills. What precisely is financial reporting, then. One of the most important corporate procedures is financial reporting, which accounting, finance, and business all need to comprehend and value. The goal of financial reporting is to improve corporate performance and results through a thorough examination of monthly, quarterly, or annual financial data. You can comprehend your company's performance and spot possibilities to make the best business decisions for future expansion with the aid of a fast and accurate financial reporting procedure.
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A retailer bought a carton of 36 deluxe brownie mixes for $43. 20. The markup will be 40 percent. At what price will a box of deluxe brownie mix sell to the public?.
Answer:
$1.67
Explanation:
If they are purchasing a carton of 36 Deluxe Brownie Mixes for $43, they are paying $1.19 per box. With a 40% markup, that is $0.47 on top or a total price of $1.67 per box.
which organization has primary standard setting authority over private not-for-profit organizations?
The FASB is in charge of developing standards for both for-profit and for-profit businesses. The GASB is in charge of setting standards for municipal and state governments.
For private not-for-profit organizations, which financial statements are necessary?Financial position statement (SOP) The SOP is the nonprofit industry's counterpart of the balance sheet for a for-profit business.
a list of your actions.
Statement of operational costs
Cash flow statement.
yearly report
Which of the following describe private, not-for-profit organizations' net asset classes?both net assets and net assets subject to donor limits. The FASB specifies three types of restricted net asset classes: permanently restricted and temporarily restricted.
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which of the following is a true statement? a) for purposes of the deduction for educational interest, expenses do not include expenses for room, board, and travel. b) for purposes of the deduction for educational interest, qualified education expenses are those paid for the education of the taxpayer, the taxpayer's spouse, or the taxpayer's dependent. c) the maximum deduction for interest expense on qualified education loans is $6,000. d) a penalty paid for prematurely withdrawing a certificate of deposit or similar deposit is deductible from agi as an investment expense. e) all of these choices are false.
For purposes of educational interest deduction, qualified education expenses are paid for taxpayer education, the taxpayer's spouse, or the taxpayer's dependent.
Tuition and fees, including other necessary course costs, are considered acceptable educational expenses if they are incurred in connection with the enrollment or attendance of the taxpayer, the taxpayer's spouse, or the taxpayer's dependent at an eligible educational institution. Additionally, suitable payments are made to accredited state tuition programmes.
Any scholarships, fellowships, employer-sponsored educational assistance, and other tuition discounts are deducted from qualified expenses. The same tax year as the redemption of eligible bonds is when qualifying costs must be incurred. Therefore, eligible education costs are those incurred for the taxpayer, the taxpayer's spouse, or the taxpayer's dependent's education for the purposes of the deduction for educational interest.
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a trademark is group of answer choices a legal right to position a firm's product in high-traffic public areas such as airports and post offices. a distinguishing attribute such as a sign or logo that allows a firm to uniquely identify its product. a legal instrument which grants a firm the right to differentiate its product. a patent on a firm's product.
A trademark is a distinguishing attribute such as a sign or logo that allows a firm to uniquely identify its product. The correct answer would be option B.
A trademark is a recognisable phrase, word, emblem or symbol that identifies a particular product and legally distinguishes it from all other products of its sort. A trademark recognises the company's ownership of the brand and solely distinguishes a product as being its own. Generally speaking, trademarks are regarded as a type of intellectual property.
Not only can trademarks aid in product differentiation within the judicial and commercial systems, but they also play a crucial role with customers. Words and design features that identify the creator, owner or developer of a good or service are identified and protected using them. They may take the form of company logos, catchphrases, musical acts, or product brand names.
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when a client engages in transactions involving derivatives, the auditor should: multiple choice confirm with the client's broker whether the derivatives are for trading purposes. notify the audit committee about the risks involved in derivative transactions. add an explanatory paragraph to the auditor's report describing the risks associated with each derivative. review agreements underlying the derivative.
When a client engages in transactions involving derivatives, the auditor should develop an understanding of the economic substance of each derivative.
An agreement that has been fulfilled between a buyer and a seller to exchange goods, services, or financial assets in exchange for cash is referred to as a transaction. The following are a few examples of transactions: paying a supplier after receiving goods or services from them. acquiring ownership of a property the seller previously owned by paying the seller with cash and a note. a branch of social science that focuses primarily on the description and analysis of the processes involved in the creation, transfer, and consumption of goods and services. b: sound economic theory, principles, or practices. 2: The economics of constructing a new stadium or its significance. A traditional economy, a mixed economy, a pure command economy, and a pure market economy are the four main categories of economic systems.
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whistler containers has provided the following data for the previous year: units sold during the previous year 10,000 units selling price per unit $200 direct materials per unit $50 direct manufacturing labor per unit $30 variable manufacturing overhead per unit $20 fixed manufacturing costs $200,000 budgeted production at the beginning of the year 12,000 units variable marketing cost per unit $10 fixed marketing cost $50,000 number of units in opening inventory 0 unit number of units in ending inventory 2,000 units what was the profit of whistler containers for the previous year if the method of inventory costing was variable costing?
The profit of whistler containers for the previous method of inventory costing was variable costing is $650,000.
The revenues for 10,000 units is $200 × 10,000 = $2,000,000
Direct materials revenue is $50 × 12,000 = $600,000
Direct manufacturing labor revenue is $30 × 12,000 = $360,000
Variable manufacturing overhead revenue is $20 × 12,000 =$ 240,000
Revenue of goods available for sale 1,200,000
Deduct ending inventory revenue is $100 × 2,000 = 200,000
The variable cost of goods sold is 1,000,000
Variable marketing revenue $10 × 10,000 = 100,000
Contribution margin = $900,000
Fixed manufacturing costs = $200,000
Fixed marketing costs = $50,000
Hence the Net operating income is $650,000
Therefore, The profit of whistler containers for the previous method of inventory costing was variable costing $650,000.
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when magdalena's outside basis is $58,000, she receives a liquidating distribution of $15,000 cash and a proportionate share of inventory having a partnership basis of $20,000 and a fair market value of $24,000. the distribution results in a liquidation of both the partnership and her interest. a. how much is magdalena's basis in the inventory received? magdalena's basis in the inventory $fill in the blank 1 and her unutilized outside basis is $fill in the blank 2 . b. what is the amount of any gain or loss recognized on the liquidation? she has a recognized
The charges of the liquidator must be covered by the bankrupt company. The directors are in charge if the corporation has no resources or assets.
Explain about the liquidation?A company will often liquidate its inventory by selling it off at a high price in order to raise money. Usually, a liquidation sale comes before a business closure. Once all of the assets have been sold, the business is dissolved.
Liquidation is the process of turning a company's assets into cash and using that money to pay down the company's obligations as much as possible. The business is shut down after liquidation.
Making ensuring that all of the company's affairs have been resolved and all of its assets have been realized is the goal of liquidation. After completing this, the liquidator will submit an application to Companies House to have the business dissolved and removed from the registry.
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which function will calculate the final value of an investment of $100 a month that earns 4% interest over 5 years?
FV is the future value function will calculate the final value of an investment of $100 a month that earns 4% interest over 5 years.
Investment is the commitment of funds toward the acquisition of an asset with the goal of achieving an increase in value over time. A current asset, like time, money, or effort, must be sacrificed in order to invest. In the world of finance, investing is done to get a return on the asset put up for investment. An asset or item acquired with the intention of generating income or recognition is referred to as an investment. An economic investment is the acquisition of goods that are not consumed right away but are used to create wealth down the road. An asset that is purchased with the hope of earning money, making a profit, or seeing a price increase is called an investment. Return refers to the benefit received from the investment. Returns and risk are inversely correlated. The returns are higher the higher the risk.
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assume that dot has sufficient capacity to fill the order without harming normal production and sales.what minimum price should dot charge to achieve a $50,000 incremental profit?
Incremental profit per unit to be achieved = $50000/ 2000 units = $25 per unit Minimum price to be charged = Variable costs + Incremental profit
= ($60 + $40 + $30) + $25
= $155
Incrementalism is a technique of working by means of including to undertaking the usage of many small incremental changes rather than a few (notably planned) large jumps. Logical incrementalism means that the steps within the system are sensible.[1] Logical incrementalism focuses on "the energy-Behavioral technique to making plans in preference to to the Formal structures planning method".[1] In public coverage, incrementalism is the approach of change by which many small coverage changes are enacted over the years a good way to create a larger vast based policy trade. Political scientist Charles E. Lindblom developed this theoretical policy of rationality within the Fifties as a center way between the rational actor model and bounded rationality, as both long time, goal-driven coverage rationality and satisficing were not seen as good enough.
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the activities buyers and sellers perform to facilitate mutually satisfying exchanges is: multiple choice question.
Marketing is the activities buyers and sellers perform to facilitate mutually satisfying exchanges.
Marketing is the term used to describe the actions a business does to encourage the purchase or sale of a good or service. Advertising, selling, and delivering products to customers or other businesses are all included in marketing. Affiliates provide some marketing for a business.
Marketing and promotion specialists aim to attract the attention of important target populations through advertising. Promotions are aimed at specific demographics and may include celebrity endorsements, memorable slogans or taglines, eye-catching packaging or graphic designs, and general media exposure.
All the activities a business takes to attract clients and keep up relationships with them fall under the umbrella of marketing as a discipline. Writing thank you notes and networking with future or previous clients are also tasks that must be completed.
Correct question:
The activity, set of institutions, and processes for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for customers, clients, partners, and society at large. The activities buyers and sellers perform to facilitate mutually satisfying exchanges?
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Which best describes the flow of overhead costs in an activity-based costing system?.
Overhead costs to activity costs pools to cost drivers to products best describes the flow of overhead costs in an activity-based costing system.
The term "overhead" describes continuing business costs that aren't directly related to providing a good or service. It is crucial for budgeting as well as for figuring out how much a business must charge for its goods or services in order to turn a profit.
Expenses that are incurred to support the business but are not specifically tied to a product or service are collectively referred to as overhead.
ABC is a technique for allocating overhead and indirect costs, such salaries and utilities, to goods and services. The ABC system of cost accounting is built around activities, which are defined as any occasion, project, or task with a clear objective.
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which of the following is deductible in calculating drd modified taxable income? multiple choice nol carryovers dividends received deduction net capital loss carrybacks charitable contribution deduction
Taxable income before DRD, any NOL, DPAD, and capital loss carrybacks constitute modified taxable income. This limit does not apply if full DRD causes NOL to be extended or created. creates a permanent, favorable book-tax difference. Compliance.
After the DRD, what is Corporation X's taxable income?Corporation X can now deduct the entire $800, which is equal to 80% of $1,000 in dividends. Due to the DRD's net operating loss, the taxable income cap does not apply.
What kind of income is considered taxable?In most cases, everything you receive as payment for personal services must be included in your gross income. This includes things like stock options and fringe benefits in addition to wages, salaries, commissions, fees, and tips.
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which of the following is a true statement? a) the deduction for interest on educational loans is subject to a phase-out limitation. b) the deduction for moving expenses is subject to a phase-out limitation. c) self-employed taxpayers are allowed to deduct health care premiums even if the taxpayer is eligible to participate in an employer-provided health plan. d) excess business losses are deductible up to $100,000. e) all of these choices are false.
Option a is true. It is true that the deduction for interest on educational loans is subject to a phase-out limitation.
A phase-out restriction applies to the student loan interest deduction.The phrase "phase out" is used in the financial industry to describe the steady lowering of a credit as the threshold for eligibility of a taxpayer's income approaches.
There is a minimal amount for higher income earners and a maximum amount for poorer earners.
For a number of credits, Internal Revenue Services has acknowledged phase out. For households with low to middle incomes, phase-out is intended. The maximum tax credit for student loan interest is $2,500.
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a company that manufactures athletic shoes been asked to provide shoes to a local football team. in return, the football team will put the company's name on their jerseys. what is the name for this category of promotional tool?
A company that manufactures athletic shoes been asked to provide shoes to a local football team. Sports marketing is the name for this category of promotional tool.
What's marketing blend in sports marketing?
The marketing blend is pivotal because it defines the sport business, and much of the sport marketer's time is spent on colorful functions within the marketing blend. The marketing blend is the strategic combination of the product, price, place and creation rudiments.
Promotional tool:Promotional tools are strategies, styles or coffers that impel consumers to buy a product or service. numerous marketing and advertising professionals use them to raise mindfulness of a new product or increase deals of a particular item or service.
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what is a sequence of connected steps that enables the organisation to act efficiently with minimal overlapping tasks and resources in order to implement the social media marketing plan effectively?
A social media workflow is a sequence of connected steps that enables the organization to act efficiently with minimal overlapping tasks and resources to implement the social media marketing plan effectively.
What is social media workflow?A social media workflow is a process for organizing the writing, posting, and marketing of your social media content. It comprises every process from ideation to analysis that goes into developing, preparing, posting, and promoting your content. It is managed by several members of the social media team.A social media workflow is a series of interconnected procedures that enables the business to act quickly with the least amount of duplication of effort and resources possible to effectively implement the social media marketing strategy.Essentially, a media asset management workflow is a description of all associated operations, including media generation, media preparation, and media dissemination.To learn more about social media workflow refer to:
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a firm looking to quickly adjust its market share or revenue would change which element of the marketing mix?
A company that wants to quickly change its revenue or market share would change a part of the marketing mix price.
When a company gains market share, what does it do?
A company begins to dominate an industry when its market share grows. A company can exercise certain powers, such as increased bargaining power, with increased industry dominance.With suppliers and members of the distribution channel, the company begins to gain the upper hand and can negotiate to its advantage.
Pricing is the only part of the marketing mix that brings in money; the other three are cost centers, or they make a company more expensive.The business model is strongly correlated with pricing.The company's revenue streams are conceptually represented in the business model.
How important is price in the marketing mix?
Price is probably the most important part of the marketing mix because it ultimately decides how much money a company makes and how long it stays in business.
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within an arts organization, the entity that has the ultimate authority over the organization is .
The entity that has the ultimate authority over the organization is the Arts director within an arts organization.
The choice of images, artwork, or other design components is made by the art director. In publications, such as newspapers and product packaging, as well as in film and television projects, art directors are in charge of the visual aesthetic and pictures. They come up with the general concept and give instructions to others who do the layouts or artwork.
An arts organization is one that offers programming in at least one of the following artistic disciplines: dance, design, folk and traditional arts, literature, multi-disciplinary arts, music, media arts, theater, and visual arts. Serving artists in need is one of the responsibilities of arts service groups. Society as a whole gain from the artist's success since the artist's cultural contributions is permitted to grow.
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if a california avocado stand operates in a perfectly competitive market, that stand owner will be a price:
If a local California avocado stand operates in a perfectly competitive market, that stand owner will be a price-taker.
In a perfect competition, who is the price taker?
A perfectly competitive firm is a price taker, which means it must accept the equilibrium price at which it sells goods. If a perfect competition firm attempts to charge even a small amount more than the market price, it is unable to make any sales.
A price-taker is any firm that is unable to influence the general level of commodity prices by changing the quantity of product produced; a firm operating in a perfect competition market is, by definition, a price-taker.
Therefore, In a perfectly competitive market, the owner of a local California avocado stand will be a price taker.
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you open a savings account with a 0.5% per year nominal interest rate, and the economy experiences 3% per year inflation. a. what is the nominal and real annual interest rate on the account?
If you open a savings account with a 0.5% per year nominal interest rate, and the economy experiences 3% per year inflation, the nominal annual rate will be 0.5% the real annual rate will be equal to a -2.5 (negative) percent.
You must distinguish between real and nominal rates in this situation. The simplest way to think about it is that the real rate is equal to the nominal rate less inflation, which is how we accomplish this using something known as the fisher identity.
Real Rate = Nominal Rate - Inflation
Your real return is zero because your purchasing power hasn't changed at all, the real rate. We are informed that the nominal rate is 0.5 percent. In other words, the real rate is 0.5 minus 3 percent. Since your real interest rate is negative and inflation is equivalent to minus 2.5%, your money is either losing purchasing power now or it will soon because there is no stopping it.
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the kimballs and their lender have agreed to a loan modification. how is the loan modification documented?
The original executed home loan modification agreement (and documented, if applicable) should be given to the right custodian, and copies should be kept in the mortgage loan servicing file as well as sent to the borrower and the mortgage insurer or guarantor.
What is the process of a loan modification?Extending the mortgage's term (e.g., from a 30-year term to a 40-year term) lowering interest rates. the outstanding principal balance is increased by any overdue sums, including interest and escrow, and then reamortized over the new period.
A Trial Payment Plan (TPP) will be provided to you by your lender after you have been granted permission to modify your loan. Recordation is required to ensure that the modified mortgage loan retains its first lien position and is enforceable in accordance with its stipulations at the time of the modification, for the duration of the modified term, and throughout any bankruptcy or foreclosure proceedings involving the modified mortgage loan.
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describe the relationship between the acceptable level of detection risk and the nature, timing, and extent of substantive procedures to be performed by the auditor.
The auditor selects the appropriate detection risk for a financial statement assertion based on the assessed risk of material misstatement.
In order to bring audit risk down to a reasonable level, the level of detection risk needs to be lower than the risk of a material misstatement.
How typically are control risk and detection risk related?The combined level of inherent and control risks is inversely correlated with the detection risk. For instance, in order to bring audit risk down to a level that is acceptable, acceptable levels of detection risk must be low when inherent and control risks are high.
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what is a work sheet? multiple choice question. it can help with adjusting and closing accounts and with preparing financial statements. it is a substitute for the general journal. it is a substitute for the general ledger. it is used by external decision makers to report accounting information.
A work sheet is a document that businesses use internally to aid in account adjusting and closing as well as financial statement preparation. - Include columns for the income statement and balance sheet, as well as a trial balance and adjusted trial balance.
On the worksheet, which is a column-based piece of paper or computer spreadsheet, accountants summarize the data required to create the adjusting and closing entries and create the financial statements. Typically, they keep track of the end-of-period entries on these work sheets. Work sheets are not official accounting records; they are merely accounting tools. As a result, work sheets may have different formats; some are written in pencil so that mistakes can be easily fixed. Other worksheets are created using spreadsheet software on personal computers. Every time financial statements are required, whether it is monthly, quarterly, or at the end of the fiscal year, accountants create work sheets.
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lucas works in advertising and is presenting his idea for a new ad campaign to a client. he uses bright visuals and exciting language to help his client picture how the campaign will look and what it intends to convey to consumers. which type of informative presentation is lucas giving? demonstration explanation description report
Lucas works in advertising and is presenting his idea for a new ad campaign. He uses bright visuals and exciting language to picture how the campaign will look and what it intends to convey to consumers. Lucas is giving description type of informative presentation.
An advertising campaign is a series of advertisements that are designed to promote a product, service, or cause. The ads may be run on television, radio, the Internet, or in picture, and they may be created by an advertising agency or by the company itself.
An effective advertising campaign can generate a large amount of interest and can be a great way to increase sales.
Hence, the correct option is "Third".
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jpr company's preferred stock is currently selling for $28.00 and pays a perpetual annual dividend of $2.00 per share. underwriters of a new issue of preferred stock would charge $3 per share in flotation costs. the firm's tax rate is 40%. compute the cost of new preferred stock for jpr. group of answer choices 9.15% 4.80% 7.14% 8.00%
the cost of new preferred stock for JPR is 8%
Dividend / (sale price-flotation cost)
= 2/(28-3)
= 8%
Preferred stock is a type of stock that usually pays a fixed dividend before the issuer's common stock is distributed. Because this payment is typically cumulative, any delayed prior payments must be made to preferred stock holders before distributions can be made to common stockholders. However, preferred stockholders typically gain this advantage in exchange for giving up the right to share in any additional earnings generated by the company, limiting the amount the shares can appreciate in value over time. Unlike common stock, preferred stock can have several features added to it to make it more appealing to investors or easier for the issuing company to buy back.
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you expect to receive $3,400 upon your graduation and will invest your windfall at an interest rate of .49 percent per quarter until the account is worth $4,975. how many years do you have to wait until you reach your target account value?
19.47 years you have to wait until you reach your target account value .
FV = PV x (1 + r)n
$4,975 = $3,400 x 1.0049n
$4,975 / $3,400 = 1.0049n
1.4632 = 1.0049n
ln[1.4632] = n[ln(1.0049)]
0.3806 = n[0.0049]
n = 0.3806 / 0.0049 = 77.87 quarters
Years to wait = 77.87 / 4 = 19.47 years
What Is Present Value (PV) ?
A future sum of money or stream of cash flows' present value (PV), assuming a particular rate of return, is their current value. The discount rate determines the current value of future cash flows; the greater the discount rate, the lower the present value of the future cash flows. The key to correctly valuing future cash flows, whether they be earnings or debt obligations, is determining the right discount rate.
The idea of present value holds that money today is worth more than it will be in the future. In other words, money received in the future is not as valuable as money obtained now in the same amount.
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