Oxygen is important in the oxidation of glucose because it ____________________________.

In the real world, evolution theory is employed for: A) Nothing at all. B) Trying to combat antibiotic resistance in illnesses but not elsewhere.

This section discusses five different sorts of evidence for evolution, including ancient organism remains, fossil layers, similarities between current-day animals, DNA similarities, and embryonic similarity.

The genes necessary to build different body parts can be found by understanding the changes that have taken place during organism evolution. These genes may also play a role in some genetic illnesses in humans.

Depending on the circumstances, different biological and behavioural approaches are Along with the organism's features like age, sex, health, or size, the environmental setting is also important.

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There are differing numbers of lobes on the right and left lungs because the left and right lungs are different in size and shape to make room for other organs that intrude on the thoracic region.

Each lung has lobes that are partitioned off from one another by tissue fissures. The left lung, which is slightly smaller due to the heart's asymmetrical position, has two major lobes compared to the right lung's three. Each lobe is further divided internally into hundreds of lobules.

The left lung has two lobes while the right lung has three, each of which resembles a balloon packed with sponge-like tissue. Although each lobe of the bronchial tree receives air from a different branch, they all perform the same task: supplying the bloodstream with oxygen and expelling carbon dioxide.

Thus from the above conclusion we can say that there are differing numbers of lobes on the right and left lungs because the left and right lungs are different in size and shape to make room for other organs that intrude on the thoracic region.

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In the phenomenon of wilted lettuce leaves became fresh after soaking in cold water is also known as osmosis.

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Answer:

There is an important relationship among  homeostasis, defective mitochondria, and the  symptoms caused by LHON.

Explanation:

There is a great relationship among  homeostasis, defective mitochondria and the  symptoms caused by LHON because defective mitochondria disturbs the homeostasis in the body. If mitochondria works properly, homeostasis will be maintained whereas if there is any defect occurs in the mitochondria then the whole homeostasis will be adversely affected because mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell responsible for the production of energy for the cell. Symptoms occurs due to Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) also effected the state of equilibrium in the body.

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Digestion is the breakdown of food molecules

Digestion of an apple :

The following organs are involved in apple digestion:

Mouth: Using teeth, the apple was sliced into smaller pieces. The starch in the apple is broken down by saliva in the mouth.

Stomach: Hydrochloric acid and other gastric fluids are among the digestive juices found in the stomach. The apple is blended with these liquids.

Duodenum: Starch molecules are broken down in the duodenum.

Ileum: A little finger-like structure found in the villi of the organ, which absorbs sugar molecules as well as vitamins and minerals found in apples.

Colon: After passing through the colon, undigested waste is sent to the rectum, another organ.

Rectum: Through the rectum, the body expelled its indigestible

These are the organs which can absorb the maximum number of Calories from the apple.

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In "Are the risks of derivatives manageable", Thomas a. Bass posits that market failures were due in part to mismanagement of derivative investments and in which he recommends widespread regulation of derivatives or a complete ban. Hence, option A.

A securities is considered a derivative if its price is based on, or derived from, one or more underlying assets (such as interest rate, stocks, commodity, etc.). It is a contract between (at least) two parties based on the asset(s), and its value is determined by changes in the underlying asset.

Although derivatives are useful for hedging risks, they also create hazards that must be handled like any financial products. Thomas A. Bass contends that improper management of derivatives investments is the root of market failure and urges that derivatives be strictly controlled or outlawed.

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Question correction:

In are the risks of derivatives manageable?, thomas a. Bass posits that market failures were due in part to mismanagement of derivative investments. What does he recommend?

A. Bass recommends widespread regulation of derivatives or a complete ban.

B. Bass recommends further use of derivatives as a source of investment for banks and hedge funds.

C. Bass recommends a safety net for banks who fail due to their use of derivatives, citing the ethical nature of the investment.

D. Bass recommends implementing aggressive strategies to maximize returns in managing investments of wealthy private investors.

Internet installation method is most likely to put your computer at risk of downloading a virus.

Understanding viruses in computers

Viruses are files that interfere with the operational system on PCs and laptops, if the laptop is exposed to a virus then automatically the laptop's performance will not be maximized, usually this form of virus interference such as the ability to load becomes slower / slower, the loss of files that we save suddenly  , the laptop restarts repeatedly, if you are faced with a great virus sometimes the OS will be deleted, this will force us to reinstall the OS on the laptop.

What is called a virus in a computer is an annoying file, so every file that can interfere with the performance of the OS is a virus, this annoying file can be in the form of ordinary files that we intentionally store but are damaged, Worms, Trojan Horses, Spyware, and malicious malware that is installed either intentionally  or not.  Actually we don't need to be afraid of being too much with what is called a virus in a PC / laptop, as long as we want to take the anticipatory steps correctly, then the possibility of a virus can interfere with our laptop is very small.

Here's how to prevent and avoid viruses from entering your computer or laptop:

1.Use a compatible and bona fide antivirus, always update the antivirus;

2. If your computer or laptop is often used to browse the internet, then use an antivirus that has Internet Security features;

3.Activate Firewall on Windows that you are using;

4.Always update Security Update on Windows Security;

5. Do not get into the habit of storing data on drive C for too long;

6. Identify all the data that you store on the laptop, and immediately discard/delete if there is data that you do not recognize;

7. Delete registry files that are not needed regularly;

8. If you are going to transfer data from another device/device, try not to open it when it is still connected, so send/copy it directly and then disconnect the device/device;

9.Use cleaning tools like Ccleaner, TuneUp Utility, etc.

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Answer:

A long string of codons for amino acids, uninterrupted by a stop codon is called an open reading frame.

Explanation:

An open reading frame is a portion of a DNA molecule that, when translated into amino acids, contains no stop codons.

The response options in this group are typically noncovalently linked to the membrane lipids that compose peripheral membrane proteins.

Extrinsic membrane proteins, also known as peripheral membrane proteins, are membrane proteins that are connected with biological membranes but only briefly bind to those membranes. These proteins either bind to integral membrane proteins or pierce the lipid bilayer in the periphery.

Directing and maintaining the internal cytoskeleton and elements of the extracellular matrix are two of the primary functions of peripheral proteins. Organelles, filaments, and tubules work together to create both of these structures.

Proteins that only associate with the membrane through electrostatic or hydrophobic interactions (Caldalkalibacillus thermarum type-II NADH dehydrogenase as an example) and proteins that anchor themselves in the lipid bilayer using a hydrophobic segment are two subtypes of peripheral membrane proteins.

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The dermis is composed largely of multiple choice question - stratified squamous epithelium.

There are three basic layers to the skin. The outer, avascular layer known as the epidermis is primarily made up of keratinocytes and keratinocyte remnants. The intermediate layer known as the dermis is home to the skin's blood vessels, nerves, and other supporting systems. Of the three layers, the hypodermis is the deepest.

Column-shaped cells are organized in numerous layers to form the uncommon epithelial tissue known as stratified columnar epithelium. It is located in the male urethra, anus, pharynx, and conjunctiva.

ciliated columnar epithelium that is stratified. The lining of the foetal oesophagus is an example of an epithelium with many layers, the deeper cells of which are polyhedral in shape, and the surface cells of which are columnar with motile cilia.

Type I collagen fibers are the major component of dense regular connective tissue. It can be found in the body's ligaments, tendons, and aponeuroses, which all need a lot of tensile strength. The collagen fibers are aligned parallel to one another and closely spaced together.

Stratified squamous epithelium: This kind of epithelium typically serves as a barrier against water loss and/or the invasion of germs into the underlying tissue. Your skin's epidermis, or top layer, is made up of stratified squamous epithelial cells.

A form of dense connective tissue called dense irregular connective tissue lacks parallel bundles of extracellular fibers, particularly collagen fibers (as opposed to the dense regular connective tissue whose collagen fibers are arranged in a parallel fashion).

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The original parents aren't affected, but several children are affected. this could happen only if the trait were recessive.

At a specific genomic region, an allele is one of two or more variations of the DNA sequence (a single base or a segment of nucleotides). For each genomic region with such variation, an individual inherits two alleles, one from each parent. The person is homozygous for the allele if the two alleles are the same.

Recessive alleles is a particular allele that, when present alone, has no effect on the person. The expression of the trait requires the presence of two copies of the allele. And are mostly appears in offsprings.

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Answer:

C

Explanation:

The photosynthesis set up means plants take in carbon dioxide released by other animals

Inflammation of a lymph vessel is lymphangitis.

Lymphangitis and lymphadenitis are common bacterial infection that is usually caused by hemolytic streptococci or S aureus they generally from an infected wound, cellulitis, or an abscess.

Lymphangitis is an infection of the lymphatic channels. lymphangitis can also be caused by parasitic infection filariasis or mycobacterial infection,  they affect the area by causing swelling in common lymph nodes areas. lymphangitis is red streaks were reddish stripes is visible from the injury site to areas where you have a lot of lymph glands.

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The spleen is more medial to the spinal cord than the cisterna chyli. The spleen is part of the lymphatic system

The spleen is the largest organ in lymphatic system, which is an extensive drainage network. The work of the lymphatic system is to balance and level the body fluids and to safe guard the body against contaminations. It consist of a network of lymphatic vessels that take the lymph — a clear, watery fluid that contains minerals such as proteins — throughout the body.

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³H can be used to radioactively label molecules that contain H atoms. The reason ³Hbe a poor choice to use in the Hershey and Chase experiment is because:

Hershey and Chase aimed to demonstrate the existence of DNA as genetic material. They picked the ³²P Phosphorus radiolabel isotope for DNA and the ³⁵S Sulfer radiolabel isotope for Protein. The radiolabel isotopes ³²P Phosphorus and ³⁵S Sulfer are only found in DNA and Protein, respectively.

If they utilize the ³H hydrogen isotope, they cannot verify that the DNA is genetic material because the ³H isotope is found in both protein and DNA. That is why ³H is a bad decision.

The Hershey-Chase studies, undertaken in 1952 by Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase, helped to prove that DNA represents genetic material.

The Hershey and Chase studies were significant because they established conclusively that DNA was the genetic substance contained in genes.

This cleared the door for further studies in cell biology and genetics, such as whole genome projects and the identification of genes associated with certain traits/conditions.

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Answer:

E

Explanation:

Anaphase is the stage where DNA is synthesized, m is the stage during which mitosis and cytokinesis occur, and g2 is the stage during which the metabolism is set up for mitosis.

The sister chromatids separate and the chromosomes start to move to the opposing ends of the cell during anaphase, the shortest stage of mitosis. By the end of anaphase, the cell's two halves have an equal number of chromosomes. Daughter nuclei arise in two during telophase.

G1 phase (cell growth) is followed by S phase (DNA synthesis), which is then followed by G2 phase during interphase (cell growth). Interphase is followed by the mitotic phase, which entails mitosis and cytokinesis and results in the formation of two daughter cells.

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A city is a good analogy for a cell because it includes all components to function in a system. Organelles may be analogous to people since they play specific roles.

A city is a good analogy for a cell because both systems need to maintain homeostasis. This state of internal equilibrium is achieved by the normal function of all components. In a cell, the component includes organelles, while a city is composed of people.

The cell is an open system in the same way that a city. All the cities are interconnected through globalization in a similar manner to the cell in a body to form tissues and organs.

Therefore, with this data, we can see that cells and cities are analogous because both need all their components to function in a proper manner.

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A monomer is more mobile than a polymer. Polymer A polymer is a chemical composed of many repeat units.

These repeat units can be composed of one monomer, two or more monomers or blocks of smaller polymers. Polymers normally have higher viscosities; higher boiling points and can show improved mechanical strength over monomers.

What You Need To Know About Monomers

Monomers are small molecules which may be joined together in a repeating fashion to form more complex molecule referred to as polymers.

Monomers are simple molecules with low molecular weight.

A monomer can have different combination units.

Monomers are small molecules in the microscopic scale which cannot be compared to the macroscopic properties of polymers, and they are chemically more reactive than polymers.

A monomer is more mobile than a polymer.

What You Need To Know About Polymers

A polymer may be natural or synthetic macromolecules comprised of repeating units of a smaller molecules (monomers).

Polymers are complex molecules with very high molecular weight.

A polymer will always have a single repeating unit.

Polymers are macroscopic molecules which are stronger than monomers and are less susceptive towards chemicals.

A polymer is less mobile than a monomer because of its larger load of combined molecules.

Answer:

A polymer is larger than a monomer.

Explanation:

Since nutrients are absorbed through the surface of the cell membrane, and nutrients are needed by the entire volume of the cell, a smaller Surface Area / Volume ratio would mean the cell has a better ability to "feed" itself.

The cell needs to take in nutrients like carbohydrates and amino acids, and it also needs to release certain metabolic waste products. Such molecules are either pushed throughout the membranes by membrane transporters as well as diffuse passively along protein channels in assisted diffusion.

The ratio of surface area to volume declines with cell expansion. This is due to the fact that as a cell expands, its volume (internal contents) develops more quickly than just its surface area (its cell membrane).

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The DNA chain that acts as the concrete for transcription is sense.

What is DNA sense?

DNA Sense is a DNA strand with a 5′ → 3′ direction that has the same nitrogen base sequence as mRNA (except T is replaced by U). Because these strands have the same sequence as mRNA, they are referred to as coding.

While Antisense DNA is a DNA strand with a direction of 3′ → 5′ or is called a negative strand (-). This strand plays a role in transcription to form mRNA so this strand is called a template. The 3′ → 5′ direction is based on this DNA strand during the transcription process by the RNA Polymerase enzyme.

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Microarray is the technique for sequencing of entire genomes and examining the level of gene expression in a particular cell or tissue by using oligonucleotide probes.

A microarray is a laboratory technique used to simultaneously measure the expression of thousands of genes. A known DNA sequence or gene is contained in each of the thousands of tiny spots that are printed on microscope slides in specific locations. These slides are called DNA microarrays. These slides are frequently referred to as DNA or gene chips. To detect gene expression, also referred to as the transcriptome or the collection of messenger RNA (mRNA) transcripts expressed by a group of genes, the DNA molecules attached to each slide serve as probes.

mRNA molecules are typically taken from an experimental sample and a reference sample to perform a microarray analysis.

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The motor neuron is bound by botulinum toxin, which inhibits acetylcholine from being released into the synaptic cleft. Due to the lack of neurotransmitter to bind to the ion-channel receptor on the muscle cell motor end plate, this hinders the beginning of an end-plate potential.

The bacterium Clostridium botulinum, an anaerobic, gram-positive, spore-forming rod frequently found on plants, in soil, water, and the digestive tracts of animals, produces the neurotoxic protein known as botulinum toxin, or BoNT.

Botulinum toxin causes flaccid paralysis by preventing the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine from axon terminals at the neuromuscular junction. The toxicity is what leads to botulism.

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Epinephrine is considered a hormone when produced by the adrenal medulla because it's secreted into the bloodstream and a NT when secreted by a neuron because it's secreted into the brain.

Epinephrine is both a neurotransmitter and a hormone, however it acts specially as a hormone. Epinephrine, also called adrenaline, performs an important position in your frame's combat-or-flight response. It is also used as a medication to deal with many life-threatening situations.

Epinephrine injection is used for emergency treatment of extreme hypersensitive reactions (together with anaphylaxis) to insect bites or stings, drugs, foods, or other substances. It's also used to treat anaphylaxis resulting from unknown materials or caused through exercising.

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The frequency of the bb genotype in the population of 10.000 individuals will be 0.03.

Frequency is the number of times the target genotype repeats divided by the total genotypes in a population. Thus the genotype bb repeats 300 times in the population, Therefore the frequency will be 300 / 10.000 = 0.03.

Genotype is the genetic composition of an organism. It is the representation of any trait of an individual. Genotype can be homozygous or heterozygous. Homozygous is the type where both the alleles are of same type and heterozygous is the type where both the alleles have contrasting effects.

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Explanation:

generate electron carriers and some ATP.

When humans burn the fossil then it increases the amount of carbon that is stored under the surface and increases the amount of carbon flowing in the atmosphere, This is totally like burning of fuels and combustion.

It is defined as the process which involves the burning of carbon sources and it is of two types that is complete and incomplete.

When the fossil fuels such as petroleum, natural gases and fuel with the coal as well is burned out in atmosphere then in this condition it obviously increases the amount of carbon out in nature and decreases the carbon availability down the Earth.

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The following are the chemical elements of thymine. In RNA, nucleotide bases are absent.

The ideal response is B.

A molecule made composed of a nitrogen-containing base (such as adenine, guanine, thymine, or cytosine in DNA or adenine, guanine, uracil, or cytosine in RNA), a phosphate group, and a sugar (deoxyribose in DNA; ribose in RNA).

The nitrogenous bases adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil make up RNA. Similar to thymine, another pyrimidine found in DNA, uracil is a pyrimidine that has a similar structural makeup. Uracil can base-pair with adenine similarly to how thymine can.

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