Answer:
Q5 a) he nervous system controls muscle force by varying both motor unit recruitment and rate coding.
b) The central nervous system can increase the strength of muscle contraction by the following: Increasing the number of active motor units (ie, spatial recruitment) Increasing the firing rate (firing frequency) at which individual motor units fire to optimize the summated tension generated (ie, temporal recruitment)
Q6) isometric contractions are active in maintaining posture and maintaining bone and joint stability.
Simlies in science can you help compare theses word with things that are like it and does the same things outside the body???
Every action and movement your body performs is coordinated by the human neurological system.
What are the regulation by all system in the body?More specifically, homeostasis refers to the body's propensity to keep internal conditions like blood sugar and temperature at essentially constant and stable levels.
The receptor, which receives signals and responds to stimuli, the effector, and these three components together make up the regulatory system.
Therefore, The control center originates the signal, and the effector is responsible for transmitting the signals that are relayed from it.
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Define umbra pleaseeeeeeeeeeeee
Umbra can simply be defined as full shadow region of a shadow cast represented by an opaque object as it relates to eclipse.
How an eclipse is related to the eclipse of the moon.The eclipse of the moon occurs naturally when the location or position of earth is found between the moon, sun and the Earth's shadow. The eclipse of the moon or lunar eclipse can be completely observed and identified in fully shaded region of a shadow cast as discussed from the solution above.
In conclusion, we can now confirm from the explanation above that umbra also means darkness.
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The production of ATP in the mitochondria
a. is anaerobic
b. takes place in the outer layer of mitochondria
c. takes place in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells
d. is directly responsible for beginning the process of making ribosomal RNA
e: requires oxygen
Answer:
e: requires oxygen
Explanation:
a: false, the process is aerobic
b: false, takes place in the matrix
c: false, prokaryotes lack mitochondria
d: false, it is not resonsible for process of rna production
What passes through the
electron transport chain
AND both photosystems
to create a usable form of
energy for plants?
A. oxygen
B. electrons this is answer
C. pigments
Electrons passes through the electron transport chain and both photosystems to create a usable form of energy for plants
The electron transport chain is a series of four protein complexes that couple redox reaction and creating an electrochemical gradient that lead to the creation of ATP in a complete system named oxidative phosphorylation and it occur in mitochondria in both cellular respiration and photosynthesis and energy in form of ATP is generated at both cellular respiration and photosynthesis and in cellular respiration energy is synthesized in the mitochondria when electron passes through series of complex composed of the protein called as electron transport chain and electron produced from splitting water passes photosystem
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Answer: Electrons
Explanation: The electron transport chain is a series of molecules that accept or donate electrons easily
Which of these is an independent variable? (Select all that apply)
CO₂ concentration
Light intensity
Prepared plant
Amount of liquid added
Experimental apparatus
Run Time
O₂ Produced
Three independent variables: CO2 concentration, Light intensity, and O2 production
How do I identify the independent variable?Put the variables in the line "The Independent variable causes a shift in Dependent variable" to distinguish dependent and independent variables in study the easiest manner possible.
What types of variables can be used in research?Characteristics called variables can have various values. It is an independent variable that doesn't alter as a result of the other variables you're attempting to assess. An independent variable could be something like a person's age. Other aspects of a person's life, like as what they eat, how much they attend school, or how much television they watch, won't alter their age.
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______Cannot control heat loss from the body
Adipose tissue cannot control heat loss from the body
Adipose tissue is present beneath the skin which protect the skin from heat loss and it will act as a cushion to the skin when an external pressure applied and adipose tissue act as insulating material and prevent excessive loss of heat in severe cold and there are four way the body loses heat and they are evaporation , convection, conduction, and radiation in evaporation body heat turns sweat vapor and in convection heat loses by air or water moving across the skin surfaces and conduction means direct contact with an object and radiation means the body radiates like a fire you can feel heat without being inside the fire
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With a greater understanding of the neurobiology of behavior and the role of physiology in behavioral expression, explain how this knowledge is important for understanding the variations of behavior in both humans and non-human animals. How is this important for understanding differences in behavioral expressions between species?
Neurobiology is scientifically studying how our nervous system and brain function, and its related structures such as the spine.
The field of neurobiology of behavior investigates how neurology influences behavior. The frontal lobe is linked to personality, judgment, problem-solving, abstract thought, attention, and other behaviors. Additionally, neurotransmitters are in charge of igniting, inhibiting, and modifying neurons that further influence human behavior. The study of physiology focuses on the origins of significant bodily functions, including hunger, behavioral potentials, innate drives, and many other situations that influence our behavior. The brain is where a living thing's genes and environment converge, or where nature and nurture interact. That is how the environment in our brain and our genes interact. Our environment has the potential to impact our genetically predetermined biochemistry and brain circuitry.
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Can humans ever directly see a photon?
Answer:
yes! Human eyes are specifically designed to detect light
Explanation:
A geologist is studying some ancient igneous rocks. She uses the unstable element Uranium 235 to date the material. The half-life of this element is 704 million years. If she finds parent isotope to daughter isotope ratio in the amount 12.5% parent to 87.5% daughter, about how old will the sample be?
The age of the sample from the half life is 2.1 * 10^9 years.
What is the age of the sample?We know that when radioactivity is taking place, the parent nucleus would disintegrate and the daughter nucleus is formed. We can know the amount of the parent and daughter isotope as it is in the question.
We mow need to find the age of the sample from;
N/No = (1/2)^t/[tex]t_{\frac{1}{2} }[/tex]
N = Number of atoms that remain after time t
No = Number of atoms originally present
t = age of the sample
[tex]t_{\frac{1}{2} }[/tex] = Half life of the sample.
To obtain the age of the sample;
0.125No/No = (1/2)^t/704 * 10^6
0.125 = (1/2)^t/704 * 10^6
(0.5)^3 = (0.5)^t/704 * 10^6
3 = t/704 * 10^6
t = 3 * 704 * 10^6
t = 2.1 * 10^9 years
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Provide a possible solution to reduce the damaging effects of an El Niño or las Nina event
Solution to reduce the damaging effects of an El Niño or las Nina event is alternating extreme weather condition which emanates from east central equatorial pacific ocean
El Niño is usually associated with rising sea level which raises temprature beyond normal and resulting into events such as flooding and rainstorm and El Niño effect can be curtailed by building storm resist structure in affected area while also ensuring good drainage system to reduce the effect of flooding's and more than 60 million around the world have been impacted and people whose livelihood depend in agriculture, fisheries and livestock's are particularly affected and hence resulting in extreme weather condition in some other location on earth
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Explain how the prairie is different now from how it was in the past.
Answer:
something
Explanation:
10. Which organisms are responsible for spreading the heartworm?
Infections with the Dirofilaria worm result in the disease known as dirofilariasis. One type, known as "heartworm disease" in dogs, is brought on by D. immitis.
How long can a dog skip a dose of heartworm medication?If a dose is missed, the majority of monthly heartworm medications provide at minimum 15 days of protection. This implies that even if you are just a week two late, your pet is probably still protected at that period and won't likely contract the infection.
Can people contract heartworms?Heartworms can occasionally be contracted after already being bitten by an anopheles mosquitoes. However, because humans are not heartworms' natural hosts, the larvae typically move to the arteries and lungs where they die before maturing into adult worms.
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examples and non examples of a isotope
Answer:
carbon-12, carbon-13 and carbon-14
Explanation:
this three isotopes of the element carbon with mass numbers 12, 13 and 14 respectively.
How does the tortoise get nitrogen?
The tortoise got nitrogen eating the plants.
What is nitrogen ?
There are numerous gases in our atmosphere. But did you realize which gas makes up the greatest part of the composition.Nitrogen Gas is what it is. In terms of atmospheric composition, it contains 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 1% argon, and traces of carbon dioxide, krypton, and hydrogen.
Nitrous oxide, neon, helium, methane, xenon, ozone, iodine, carbon monoxide, and ammonia are also present. As the most prevalent element in the Earth's atmosphere, it is also the primary ingredient of all biological stuff.
Herbage provided more dry matter and energy to tortoises than grass. Although herbage provided more N and retained more of it than grass, amino acid compositions and actual N digestibilities were comparable between diets. Herbage had more Ca than grass, particularly in respect to P (Ca:P 14.5 vs. 1.9), although this was mitigated by the herbage's decreased absorption of Ca. K intakes from herbage were higher than from grass, and this was related to the digestive loss of Mg from herbage. The low Na concentration of both forages resulted in net Na losses.
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A person weighing 200 N on an elevator the elevator lifts the person 6 m in 8 seconds how much power was used
The power used is 150 W.
Power is defined as the amount of work done per unit time or the transfer of energy.
For the calculation of power, formulae are
[tex]P = \frac{W}{t}[/tex]
[tex]PE = mgh[/tex]
where
P = Power in Watts (W) or Joules/sec (J/s) or N.m/s
W = Work in Joules (J) or Newton-meter (N.m)
t = time in seconds (s)
PE = gravitational potential energy in Joules (J) or Newton-meter (N.m)
m = mass in kilogram (kg)
h = height in metres (m)
Given:
w = 200 N
h = 6 m
t = 8 s
Calculation:
PE = 200×6
PE = 1200 J
P = W/t
P = 1200J/8s
P = 150 Watts
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Molecular basis of non infectious diseases
Answer:
BBA Molecular Basis of Disease addresses the biochemistry and molecular genetics of disease processes and models of human disease. This journal covers aspects of aging, cancer, metabolic-, neurological-, and immunological-based disease.
Explanation:
hope it helps :)
List three organisms that live in the rainforest
Answer: Poison Dart Frog, Jaguar, Sloths
Explanation:
2) Jessica and Maria are both making slime with different recipes. Jessica’s recipe calls for \large 1\frac{1}{2} cups of flour and Maria’s recipe calls for \frac{2}{3} cups of flour. How many cups of flour will they need in order to make both of their batches of slime?
With the help of fraction addition it is found that 13/6 cups of flour will be needed to make both of Jessica and Maria's batches of slime.
How are fractions added?
There are three easy steps to add fractions:
Step 1: First, ensure that the denominators (bottom numbers) are the same. If the denominators are not same take their LCM to make the denominators same.
Step 2: Add the higher numbers (the numerators), then multiply the result by the denominator.
Step 3: Simplify the fraction.
Amount of flour required in Jessica's recipe = 1 and 1/2 cups (mixed fraction) = 3/2 cups Amount of flour required in Maria's recipe = 2/3 cups.
Here the denominators of the fractions 3/2 and 2/3 are not same, therefore we need to find the LCM (lowest common factor) of 2 and 3 in order to make the denominators same for addition. The LCM of 2 and 3 is 6.= 3/2 + 2/3 = 9/6 + 4/6 = 13/6
Thus 13/6 cups of flour are needed to make both of their batches of slime
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(30-50 words) Is the sickle cell allele dominant or recessive? Explain. What is sickle cell trait?
Claim:The survival trait became common in the bed bug population because their immune system got used to the chemicals causing them to mutate in order to survive.
What would be the evidence to support this.
The evidence that would support the claim the survival trait became common in the bed bug population because their immune system got used to the chemicals causing them to mutate in order to survive is the change in the allele frequency for the mutated gene variant in the population across generations.
What is a genetic mutation?A genetic mutation can be defined as any alteration in the genetic material of an organism that may be associated with a change in the phenotype when this mutation affects a gene that encodes for such trait.
A mutation may be beneficial, deleterious or neutral depending on the resulting phenotype and it may produce a positive change in the allele frequency in the case of positive germinal mutations.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that a genetic mutation may be beneficial and it may lead to a positive change in the allele frequency when it is a germinal beneficial mutation.
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Explain how the geological events (earthquakes and volcanoes) affect the quality of life of the people living in all three states (California, Georgia, and Hawaii)
The geological events taking place in these states makes a huge impact over the lives of the residents. The life of such people is under risk factors always.
What are the preventive measures to such activities ?The residents living away from most hazardous sites, various safety measures that are needed to take place at the time of any happening.
People living in such areas are under risks always, loss in mental peace, loss of properties, loss of financial statures as well.
Thus, it is always wiser to take important steps in order to avoid such mishaps.
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Speed can be determined by dividing the distance by the Displacement Time Velocity Density
The speed of a moving object can be determined by dividing the distance traveled by the time taken. The second option.
What is speed?Speed is the property of a moving body that is obtained by finding the ratio of the distance covered by the body and the time taken to cover the distance.
The speed of a moving object can be expressed mathematically as:
Speed = distance/time.
The SI unit of distance is meter while the SI unit of time is seconds. Thus, the unit of speed is meter per seconds, usually denoted as m/s. However, any other unit that is a derivative of meter per second can be used to qualify the speed of an object.
The speed of an object is a scalar quantity because it measures magnitude only. This is unlike vector quatities that has both magniture and direction.
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25. WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS FALSE ABOUT FATTY ACIDS?
a)Melting point of fatty acids decreases with increase in degree of saturation
b) Lipids in tissues that are subjected to cooling are more unsaturated
require organic solvents
LOPURAM
C)Naturally occurring unsaturated long-chain fatty acids are nearly Trans-configur
d) The membrane lipids contain mostly unsaturated fatty acids
Saturated fatty acids press in on one another when temperatures drop, creating a dense, rather hard membrane. Thus, option B is correct.
What are the important properties of fatty acids?In weakly or non-polar organic solvents like ether, chloroform, benzene, and acetone, all lipids are insoluble; however, polar organic solvents like water are very soluble.
In fact, the terms “lipid-solvents” and “fat-solvents” are frequently used to describe these four solvents.
Therefore, Unsaturated fatty acids can preserve membrane fluidity by being compressed, which causes the “kinks” in their tails to push apart nearby phospholipid molecules.
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genotypes and phenotypes
Answer:
A person's genotype is their unique sequence of DNA. More specifically, this term is used to refer to the two alleles a person has inherited for a particular gene. Phenotype is the detectable expression of this genotype – a patient's clinical presentation.
Explanation:
22. Drosophila melanogaster is a species of fruit fly commonly used to investigate patterns of genetic inheritance. Flies with a curled wing mutation have deformed wings and cannot fly. Wild-type flies have normal wings.
Fruit fly eye colour is also under genetic control. Wild-type flies have red eyes while mutant flies have white eyes.
The image below depicts two flies that carry at least one of the mutant phenotypes described above.
a)
i. Define the term wild type. (1 mark)
ii. A pure breeding fly with normal wings and white eyes is crossed with a pure breeding fly with curled wings and red eyes. All of the F1 offspring produced have curled wings and red eyes. Based on this information, use appropriate allelic notation to identify the dominant and recessive alleles for each trait. (2 marks)
b)
Several crosses between an F1 individual from part a) ii. above and a pure breeding fly with normal wings and white eyes produce the following phenotypic results.
Curled wings red eyes = 410 flies; Normal wings white eyes = 470 flies
Curled wings white eyes = 81 flies; Wild type for both traits = 79 flies
Use this information to determine if these genes are linked or unlinked. Justify your answer. (2 marks)
ai. A wild-type species can be defined as a species whose genotype shows the normal genotype and there has been no mutation in the genetic sequence of the species.
aii. The allelic notation is as follows:
W = curled wings (dominant) w = normal wings (recessive)R = red eyes (dominant)r = white eyes (recessive)b. Based on the obtained phenotypic ratio of 6 : 1 :1 : 6 instead of the expected phenotypic ratio of 1 : 1 :1 : 1, curled wings red eyes as well as Normal wings white eyes are linked genes.
What are genotypes?Genotypes refer to the sum of the genetic makeup of a species. The genotype of a species refers to the sum total of the allele of a gene that an organism has.
The genotype of a species determines the phenotype of that species.
The phenotype refers to the physical expression of the genotype of a species.
Wid-type species are species that have not undergone a mutation.
Considering the given data:
W = curled wings is dominant
w = normal wings is recessive
R = red eyes is dominant
r = white eyes is recessive
b. The F1 generation be WwRr
The cross: WwRr x wwrr:
Expected genotypes (phenotypic ratio): WwRr x4 (curled red); Wwrr x4(curled white); wwRr x4(normal red); wwrr x4 (normal white)
Phenotypic ratio = 1 : 1: 1 : 1
Obtained genotypes (phenotypic ratio): 470 : 81 : 79 : 81 = 6 : 1 : 1 : 6
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A student is constructing a model to illustrate the levels of organization for life on Earth.
Which description would be the best to add to the model for level 3?
Responses
1: Population; 2: Biome;3: Ecosystem
Population refers to the number of people in a state. Biome is a large area characterised by it's vegetation, soil,climate, and wildlife. Ecosystem is a geographic area where plants, animals and other organisms exists.
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Which of the following DNA analysis techniques requires the most steps to complete?
STR profiling
SNP analysis
Y-STR analysis
DNA fingerprinting
The DNA analysis technique that requires the most steps to complete is DNA fingerprinting (Option D) The DNA fingerprinting takes 8 steps to complete.
What is DNA fingerprinting?DNA fingerprinting is a technique for identifying an individual from a DNA sample by examining distinctive patterns in their DNA.
The steps involved in DNA fingerprinting are as follows: The DNA is being isolated. The DNA is digested using restriction endonuclease enzymes. Electrophoresis is used to separate digested fragments based on fragment size.
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Identify and define the anther, stigma, style, filament, pistil, petal, stamen, ovary, sepal, and ovule
A: Ovule: Ovule is that part of the plant which forms the seed of flowering plant when fertilized.
B: Ovary: The ductless reproductive gland is known as the ovary. It houses a large number of ovules. It is the part of plant where seed formation takes place.
C: Style: The stalk that joins the stigma and the ovary is long and slender, like a tube called style.
D: Stigma: The receptive tip at the top of each carpel in the gynoecium of a flower.
E: Pistil: The female reproductive organ of a flower, the pistil is located inside and is made up of three parts: the stigma, style, and ovary. The term "pistil" refers to all of this.
F: Anther: It is a yellow, sac-like structure. The pollen is placed and stored in the anther.
G: Stamen: Also referred to as an androecium, this is the male reproductive component. It is made up of : filaments and anthers.
H: Filament: It is a thin, threadlike structure that supports the anther.
I: Sepal: The green portion that lies under the petals and shields developing buds is known as a sepal.
J: Petal: Petals are a modified version of leaves that are brightly colored to attract insects for pollination. Petals also protect the flower's reproductive parts.
What are the different components of a flower?
The Vegetative components of flower are: Petals and Sepals.The Reproductive components of flower are:Stamen, Anther, Filament, Pistil, Stigma, Style, Ovary.
How does flowers reproduce?
Flowers are a plant's reproductive organs that participate in sexual reproduction. It contains the female reproductive organ known as a gynoecium and the male reproductive organ known as an androecium. Through pollination, the androecium's pollen grains are delivered to the gynoecium's stigma. The male gametes are transferred from the pollen grain to the female gamete that is already present in the ovary through the pollen tube as it grows and develops. The zygote is created when the male and female gametes combine. The ovules become seeds, and the ovary becomes fruit. When these seeds are spread in the soil, they germinate and produce new plants.
Therefore, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I and J are Ovule, Ovary, Style, Stigma, Pistil, Anther, Stamen, Filament, Sepal and Petal, respectively.
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Why is water considered a good insulator?
Answer:
Water is a good insulator
Explanation:
This is because water is very healthy for our body making us not dehydrate
farmers are aware that chemical fertilizers cause damage to the soil, they still use it because of ?
Fertilizers maximize crop yield and increase plant production so, it is used by the farmers in the field.
What are Fertilizers?Fertilizers are the food for plants which provide nutrients to the plants for growth. These are the chemical substances which is applied to the crops to increase their yields and production. It can be of natural or synthetic origin which is applied to soil or to plant tissues to supply plant nutrients.
There are three types of fertilizers which provide the growth to the plants.
1. Nitrogen
2. Phosphorus
3. Potassium
These fertilizers can be used in the field
N, P and K Fertilizers.Micronutrient FertilizersRock PhosphateOrganic Manures.Thus, fertilizers maximize crop yield and increase plant production so, it is used by the farmers in the field.
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