Respirations rate is 12-18 breaths per minute.
RespirationsA person's breathing and the entry and exit of air from the lungs are referred to as respiration. The respiratory system eliminates waste products like carbon dioxide and serves to keep the acid-base balance in the body by supplying oxygen to bodily tissues for cellular respiration. Expiration, on the other hand, is the process through which air leaves the lungs. Inspiration causes air to enter the lungs. When measuring respiratory rate, a respiratory cycle is referred to as one breath or one inspiration followed by one exhalation. Rate, rhythm, and quality of respiration are all evaluated. An individual usually breathes quietly and with ease.
respirations are documented as 14, reg, normal. Reg is referring to what aspect of her respirations
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The activity of an enzyme is heavily influenced by its environment; in particular, ___, ___, and ___ have significant effects on the ability of an enzyme to carry out its function.
The activity of an enzyme is heavily influenced by its environment; in particular, temperature, acidity or alkalinity (pH), and high salinity have significant effects on the ability of an enzyme to carry out its function.
What is enzyme activity?Because molecules in a solution move more quickly at higher temperatures, there are more collisions between enzymes and substrates, which accelerates the pace of reaction. Competitive inhibitor molecules can bind to the enzyme's active site either temporarily or permanently.Temperature, pH, enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, and the existence of any inhibitors or activators are a few of the variables that influence how quickly enzymatic reactions go forward.Temperature and pH variations cause the intra- and intermolecular interactions that keep proteins in their secondary and tertiary structures to break down. The catalytic activity of an enzyme is pH and temperature sensitive, which has an impact on forms.Learn more about enzyme here:
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The most abundant proteins in the muscles are what?
Myosin i think not sure
what is biochemistry??
Answer:
Explanation:
Biochemistry or biological chemistry is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms.
A sub-discipline of both chemistry and biology, biochemistry may be divided into three fields:
Structural biology, enzymology and metabolism.
A neurotransmitter binds to a metabotropic receptor and pka is ultimately activated, which type of neurotransmitter likely bound?
Adrenergic is a neurotransmitter that binds to a metabotropic receptor is ultimately activated, which type of neurotransmitter is likely bound
Neurotransmitters are signaling molecules secreted by neurons to affect other cells throughout the synapse. The cell that receives the signal, any body part or target cell, can be another neuron, but it can also be a gland or muscle cell.
Neurotransmitters are the chemicals in your body. They transfer messages from one nerve cell across space to the next nerve, muscle, or glandular cell. Monoamines such as dopamine and norepinephrine; peptides such as somatostatin and opioids; purines such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP)
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What is the function of the sporangium? question 11 options: a) passes characteristics from one generation to the next b) forms haploid cells through mitosis c) protects the mature gametes d) protects the developing mother spore cells
Answer:
D) Protects the developing mother spore cells
Explanation:
A structure called a sporangium is found in some plants and other creatures and is responsible for producing and storing spores. Spores, which are haploid structures made by organisms, aid in the germination and formation of new organisms.
A structure called a sporangium is found in some plants and other creatures and is responsible for producing and storing spores. Spores, haploid structures produced by organisms, aid in germination and the development of new species. They assist in the process of reproduction, in other words. What does it actually imply that they are haploid, though? Simply said, it indicates that there are just half the chromosomes needed to create a complete diploid creature. The sporangia can divide through mitosis, or cell division, to manufacture and release spores.
A single, potentially complex morphologically produced sporangium is produced by an unbranched sporophyte in mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. The majority of ferns, many lycophytes, and non-vascular plants are homosporous (only one kind of spore is produced). Some ferns, the majority of lycophytes, and some bryophytes are heterosporous (two kinds of spores are produced). These plants generate gametophytes that are functionally male or female, respectively, by the development of microspores and megaspores. Occasionally, two types of spores are generated in the same sporangium and may even form a spore tetrad together.
Microsporangia and megasporangia, two different types of sporangia, are present in the majority of heterosporous plants. All seed plants, as well as a few ferns (Salviniaceae and Marsileaceae), some lycophytes (genera Selaginella and Isoetes, as well as the extinct lepidodendrids), are heterosporous with two types of sporangia.
Sporangia can grow near the terminals of stems, along their sides, or in close proximity to leaves. In ferns, sporangia are often located on the abaxial surface of the leaf, or the underside, where they are tightly grouped into clusters called sori. An indusium, a type of structure, could be present across Sori. The sporangia of certain ferns are dispersed along with the shortened leaf segments or along (or just in from) the leaf edge.
The sporangium has an indirect involvement in sexual reproduction and an active part in asexual reproduction in several phyla of fungus. The sporangium, which has haploid nuclei and cytoplasm, develops on the sporangiophore. Each haploid nucleus and cytoplasm are encased in a hard outer membrane as the spores develop in the sporangiophore. These spores spread by wind during asexual reproduction and develop into haploid hyphae.
Although sexual reproduction in fungus differs between phyla, the sporangium indirectly contributes to sexual reproduction in some fungi. When two haploid hyphae from different individuals combine to produce a zygosporangium in response to adverse circumstances, sexual reproduction takes place in Zygomycota. The zygosporangium's haploid nuclei subsequently combine to form diploid nuclei.
When the environment is more favorable, the zygosporangium germinates, goes through meiosis, and develops into a sporangium that releases spores.
Which of the following best describes a population?
All of the seagulls that live along the coast would best describe a population.
What is a population?A biological population refers to a group of organisms of the same species living in a particular area at a particular time.
In other words, there can be more than one population of organisms in an area if more than one species of organisms occupy that area.
Thus, seagulls represent a species of organism. All of the seagulls living in an area will, therefore, constitute a population of seagulls.
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Which cell type is the most numerous white blood cell in circulation, is the first leukocyte recruited from the bloodstream to injured tissues, and releases potent antimicrobial peptides
Neutrophils are the most numerous leukocytes in circulation, it is the first leukocyte recruited from the bloodstream to injured tissues, and releases potent antimicrobial peptides.
Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell, they are granulated and have a multilobed nucleus. The cytoplasmic granules contain microbicidal substances.
The major functions of neutrophils are:
Destroying the pathogen by phagocytosis.Disintegrating the bacterial toxins Helping other immune cells to generate an immune response against the invading pathogen.Neutrophils play a very important role in immune functions as they are the first cells to travel to the site of infection and disintegrate the pathogen by microbicidal substances in their granules and by phagocytosis.
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The study of any species, human included, is aided by comparison of fossil structures to modern ones of known function. In addition, we infer human activities and abilities from the objects they leave behind. In this laboratory, you will make inferences from the various sources of evidence we have for the history of human form and behavior.
Human ancestors are the study of any species, human included and is aided by the comparison of fossil structures to modern ones of known function. In addition, we infer human activities and abilities from the objects they leave behind.
Although paleontologists, the study of ancient human ancestors is a subfield of evolutionary biology, it is more commonly known as paleoanthropology since, for a large portion of the evolution of humans, cultural evolution followed biological evolution.
Researchers and students can examine the variations in brain and body size, locomotion, food, and other characteristics of the early human species way of life during the last 6 million years thanks to thousands of human ancestors' fossils. The oldest undisputed hominid, anamensis, has fossils that date back as far as 4.2 million years.
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Conventional genetic analyses of rrna sequences is not possible for prions because:_______
Conventional genetic analyses of rRNA sequence is not possible for prions because they don't contain nucleic acid.Prions do not contain genetic material such as - DNA and RNA.
The unique traits and genetic material information are encoded with the conformation structure and modification of protein.Prions which are responsible for transmissible sponginess encephalitis is mammals which all known prion disease affect the neural tissues.
There are 253 amino acids exist in multiple conformations and isoform which is found in healthy organisms, most extensively studied proteins. Prions are not destroy easily and remains intact in the presence of radiation , disinfectant and extreme heat.
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In ______ reproduction, genetically identical offspring are produced, while in ______ reproduction, offspring are genetically different from each other.
In asexual reproduction, genetically identical offspring are produced, while in sexual reproduction, offspring are genetically different from each other.
Sexual reproduction is a sort of reproduction that involves a complex existence cycle wherein a gamete (inclusive of a sperm or egg mobile) with an unmarried set of chromosomes (haploid) combines with another to provide a zygote that develops into an organism composed of cells with two sets of chromosomes (diploid).
Sexual reproduction is the maximum common existence cycle in multicellular eukaryotes, which includes animals, fungi, and plants.
Asexual reproduction is a sort of reproduction that doesn't involve the fusion of gametes or change in the number of chromosomes. The offspring that get up by asexual reproduction from both unicellular and multicellular organisms inherit the whole set of genes in their single parent. Asexual reproduction is the number one shape of reproduction for single-celled organisms including archaea and bacteria.
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What is a wireless pan technology that transmits signals over short distances among cell phones, computers, and other devices?
Bluetooth is a wireless pan technology that transmits signals over short distances among cell phones, computers, and other devices.
Bluetooth is a wireless technology enormous, used will change records between cell(mobile) gadgets, like smartphones, drugs, headsets, and wearables, over short distances in a one-to-one style (because of this that it is not possible to assemble a network-based totally on Bluetooth).
Bluetooth is a wireless generation that uses a radio frequency to share statistics over a short distance, putting off the want for wires. you may use Bluetooth to your mobile tool to percentage files or to hook up with unique Bluetooth-enabled devices.
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Different cyclin-dependent protein kinases (cdks) trigger different stages of the cell cycle in part because of which reason(s)?
Different cyclin-dependent protein kinases trigger different stages of the cell cycle because they are synthesized and increase their levels at different stages of the cycle.
What are cyclin-dependent protein kinases?Cyclin-dependent protein kinases are key proteins during the progression of the cell cycle that works together with cyclin proteins.
These proteins (cyclin-dependent protein kinases ) are able to phosphorylate different substrates during the cell cycle.
In conclusion, different cyclin-dependent protein kinases trigger different stages of the cell cycle because they are synthesized and increase their levels at different stages of the cycle.
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Osteoarthritis, or oa, is known as a degenerative joint disease and is characterized by hypertrophy of bone and the formation of _____, also known as bone spurs.
Osteoarthritis is known as degenerative joint disease and is characterized by hypertrophy of bone and the formation of Osteophytes, also known as bone spurs.
Osteoarthritis, also known as osteoarthrosis or degenerative joint disease, is a disorder of the joints characterized by progressive degeneration of the articular cartilage or of the entire joint, including the ligaments, subchondral bone, synovium (joint lining), and articular cartilage (bone beneath the cartilage).
On the extremities of bones, smooth, hard knobs of additional bone called bone spurs (also known as osteophytes) grow. They frequently manifest themselves in the joints, which are where two bones meet.
Following a joint or tendon injury, bone spurs can also develop.
Your body attempts to repair broken bones by growing new bone where it is injured.
Hence, Osteoarthritis lead to the formation of Osteophytes, also known as bone spurs.
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Approximately half of the solid waste produced in the united states is____waste, which is generally recycled into the____on the farms where it is produced.
Approximately half of the solid waste produced in the united states is agricultural or farm waste, which is generally recycled into the soil, ground, earth, or fields on the farms where it is produced.
Each American creates more than 1,700 pounds of it annually, totaling 239 million tons. China and India produce more waste, or not? Yes, they together bear responsibility for 27% of the world's rubbish.Municipal solid waste (MSW) generation in 2018 totaled 292.4 million short tons (U.S. short tons, unless otherwise noted), or 4.9 pounds per person each day. About 69 million tons of the MSW produced were recycled, and 25 million tons were composted.Only 94.2 million tons of the 267.8 million tons of municipal solid trash that Americans produced in 2017 were recycled or composted, according to the EPA.learn more about solid waste here: https://brainly.com/question/19152477
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Your 70-year-old grandfather shows signs of loss of hair and some baldness. What age-related disorder do you suspect is the cause?
Select all that apply.
Cells function together to form tissues. The four main types of tissues in animals are _____.
epithelial
blood
connective
muscular
nervous
bone
Cells in animals function together to form tissues. The four main types of tissues in animals are epithelial, connective, muscular, and nervous. The correct options are 1,3,4, and 5.
In animals, cells come together to form tissues, which are groups of cells that work together to perform specific functions. There are four main types of tissues in animals:
Epithelial Tissue: Epithelial tissue lines internal organs and is similar to the skin that covers the outside of the body. Connective tissue: It binds and stabilises the various bodily components. It consists of organs and tissues like cartilage, tendons, and ligaments.Muscular Tissue: Movement in the body is made possible by muscular tissue. Muscle tissues come in three different varieties: cardiac muscles, smooth muscles, and skeletal muscles.Nervous Tissue: The body's ability to communicate depends on its nervous system. It is made up of neurons that send electrical impulses, enabling us to detect and react to our surroundings.Thus, the correct options are 1,3,4, and 5.
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• explain how the nervous system controls muscle tension
Your nerves somehow allow this signal to pass through and, like magic, it causes that large muscle to contract. If it's okay, we'll concentrate on it as the question directly refers to the muscular contraction. We move ahead to the motor neuron, where the brain's action potential has already reached the muscle. Motor units, which are made up of an upper and a lower motor neuron, are used to control muscles. The top motor neurons, or the neuron that transmits signals from the brain, are represented by the tracts above. After connecting to lower motor neurons, upper motor neurons link to the muscle. The basic structure of your muscles is fibers inside fibers inside fibers. Sarcomeres, the smallest unit, are made up of sections that are separated by Z-lines. We have two filaments, actin and myosin, between the Z-lines. The M-line is where Myosin is connected, while Actin is a long, thin filament attached to the Z-line. The actin will be pulled by the myosin, which will cause the Z-lines to constrict inward toward the M-line. The bigger structures will follow if many of these tiny fibers do this at once, triggering the contraction of the entire muscle. The Sliding Filament Model of contraction is used to describe this.
A single Actin and Myosin pair appears quite similar if we zoom in on it. Myosin and actin do not contact when your muscles are at rest, yet they have a strong attraction for one another (they really want to touch). If not for two proteins (tropomyosin and troponin) linked to the Actin filament, they would touch. As we are still awaiting a signal, we slightly zoom out.
An action potential is sent by the lower motor neuron, which causes Acetylcholine to be released into the synapses. This results in an inflow of sodium, which changes the voltage and spreads the signal.
The action potential is no longer in the neuron but rather within the muscle. The Sarcolemma is struck by the action potential as it travels through the muscle cells.
The Sarcolemma has tubes that penetrate the cell deeply (T-Tubules). The Action Potential is sent at the Sarcomeres via these tubes.
Calcium is continually being pumped out of the cell by the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum, which houses the sarcomeres (these pumps use ATP as energy). Additionally, it has voltage-gated calcium channels that are still closed that line it.
The Voltage Gated Calcium channels open when the T-Tubules produce an action potential, allowing calcium to flood the cell.
The two proteins that surround the actin are now activated by calcium. When calcium attaches to troponin, a shape shift occurs (as proteins do when they bind). The active strands are revealed as the troponin pulls tropomyosin in its direction.
Now that the Actin sites are revealed, the Myosin is free to bind to them. However, myosin, which used some ATP and broke it down into ADP and phosphate, is the only protein that can actually do this. This myosin, which has been "charged," extends. It remains put, clinging to ADP+Phosphate like a loaded weapon.
The myosin unleashes its energy and rushes toward the exposed Actin now that it is primed and prepared. Once more, it alters form by dragging the acting and moving it inside.As soon as the bullet was shot, all of the energy necessary to divide ATP into ADP and phosphate was used up, and the split chemicals were released back into the cell (the release occurs because myosin changed it shape and in this state no longer has a strong affinity for them). The mitochondria will reuse them at this location and transform them back into ATP.Myosin does have a high affinity for ATP in this condition, which causes ATP to attach to it once again. Myosin is released from Actin by this binding, which results in another shape shift. Myosin is therefore brought back to its primed and prepared condition. Actin may be drawn in little further if it fires once more.As a result, the two Z-lines are pulled toward the centre by the Myosin, and the sarcomere contracts.
Since the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum's calcium pumps are actively pumping calcium out, calcium ultimately dissociates from Troponin. Actin is rendered unavailable to myosin as a result of the protection being reset. The fun is gone now because Myosin can no longer link to the actin, and when an action potential occurs, the cycle restarts.
And that’s how a signal from the nervous system, an action potential, can cause a muscle to contract. Isn’t nature cool?
choose all of the correct answers. the mechanisms through which evolution takes place are related to a set of processes that include:
fossils
mutation
natural selection
adaptation
generations
extinction
Answer:
Mutation, natural selection, adaption, extinction
Explanation:
I could be wrong but I'm pretty sure these are the main stages of evolution
Which wave properly varies as the pitch of a sound wave varies A frequently b wavelength C speed D amplitude
Its A frequently
explantation: the higher the frequency wave the higher the pitch of the sound
in meiosis prophase 1 why excahnge of genetic information is important?
The exchange of genetic information leads to genetic diversity.
What is genetic diversity?It refers to the number of unique genes present in the genome of organisms.
The more the number of unique genes an organism has, the more the chances of surviving unfavorable changes to the environment.
Crossing over, the exchange of genes, increases the number of unique genes that a cell will have. Thus, it helps increase genetic diversity and chances of survival in the environment.
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Assuming that the rest of the genome is normal, cells with an inactivating mutation in one copy of a tumor-suppressor gene with the second copy of the gene still wild-type are most likely to_____.
Assuming that the rest of the genome is normal, cells with an inactivating mutation in one copy of a tumor-suppressor gene with the second copy of the gene still wild-type are most likely to show no changes in DNA sequence.
Tumor suppressor genes are normally present in the body. These function properly and keep processing the cell growth and cell death (apoptosis). It can also suppress tumor development. If both copies of a tumor suppressor gene is mutated then only it cause a change in cell growth and form a tumor. So these are recessive in nature. And if only one gene is mutated then it shows no mutation. When a tumor suppressor gene is inactivated by mutation, the protein it encodes is not produced or does not function properly, and as a result, uncontrolled cell division can occur. Such mutations can contribute to the development of cancer.
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two kingdom system of classification is less scientific than 5 kingdom system.WHy?
Two kingdom system of classification is less scientific than 5 kingdom system because it takes into consideration the use of more parameters.
What is Classification?This is the process in which organisms are grouped into broad categories as a result of shared similarities present between them.
The five system of classification ensures that unicellular and multicellular organisms are placed separately. Autotrophs and heterotrophs are also placed in an entirely different category unlike the two system of classification which offers small categories.
This therefore makes the two kingdom system of classification is less scientific than five kingdom system.
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Select all that apply.
Which of the following are part of the Protista kingdom?
protozoa
eubacteria
plants
fungi
algae
The organism that is part of the Protista kingdom is protozoa. Details about protists can be found below.
What are protists?Protists are any of the eukaryotic unicellular organisms that possess animal and plant like features.
Members of the kingdom protista include the following:
protozoansslime moldssome algaeTherefore, the organism that is part of the Protista kingdom is protozoa.
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2. When the plastic sheet is pulled down (inhalation), what happens to the pressure in the plastic bottle?
Answer: (i) Air pressure inside the bell jar increases.
(ii) The balloons inside the jar expand.
(iii)This is similar to the expansion of the lungs during inhalation.
(iv)This is similar to the contraction of the lungs during exhalation.
Explanation:
If Johns used cars has 612 cars and 49 trucks , what percentage of the vehicles on Johns lot are trucks ?
The answer is 7.4%.
Percentage of trucks on the lot is equal to the ratio between the number of trucks and the total number of cars.
Number of trucks ÷ Total number of cars49 ÷ (49 + 612)49 ÷ 6617.4%Answer:
8.007%
Explanation:
Given:
John has
⇒ 612 cars
⇒ 49 cars
To find: We have to find what percentage of 612 the number 49 is.
To calculate this, we must multiply 49 by 100 and then divide it by 612.
Here is the formula to further illustrate: (100 * X)/Y = Percent
After inserting (X = 49) and (Y = 612) into the formula above, you should have a result of ⇒ (100 * 49) / 612 = 8.007%
Therefore, 49 is 8.007 percent of 612.
- Thank you.
How would a biologist explain how an animal became well camouflaged to its environment?
More camouflaged individuals have the better chances of survival until all the individuals that remain are all well camouflaged.
What s natural selection?The term natural selection implies that organisms that we well adapted to their environment tend to survive better and have the opportunity to reproduce. This is based on the principle of the survival of the fittest.
These organisms tend to pass on these favorable traits to their offspring and thus the gene pool is changed as only the organisms that have these favorable genes remain.
If camouflage helps an organism to survive better in its habitat, then it follows that more camouflaged individuals have the better chances of survival until all the individuals that remain are all well camouflaged.
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Scientists use the scientific process to which mechanisms underlie observations; they do not if a particular finding is correct or not. a broad statement called a can be used to solidify reasoning before setting up an experiment, and then the scientific process is followed to test one's idea. to illustrate, consider this scenario: suppose you are a researcher investigating the impact of eating eggs on cholesterol levels. your states "consuming an egg everyday increases blood cholesterol". you use a carefully designed experiment to determine if your statement is or not. in this experiment, number of eggs is the , while cholesterol level in the blood is the . you recruit 100 subjects and divide them into two groups: the corresponds to subjects who will eat an egg everyday, and the comprises individuals who will not consume eggs. in order to avoid confounding results, both groups need to have like same gender, similar age, consistent baseline cholesterol measurements, equivalent food consumption, identical exercise routine, etc. in a well-designed experiment, there should only be one variable, but many variables. after a six-month trial, your data show both groups have similar blood cholesterol measurements. your conclusions include that eating one egg everyday for one year does not raise blood cholesterol; your hypothesis was .
The hypothesis was that eating one egg everyday for one year may or may not raise blood cholesterol levels.
What is a hypothesis?A hypothesis is an explanation given prior to testing of an observation.
A hypothesis aims to give a reasonable explanation for a given observation.
The experiment given was designed to test if eating one egg everyday for one year will raise blood cholesterol.
Therefore, the hypothesis was that eating one egg everyday for one year may or may not raise blood cholesterol levels.
In conclusion, a hypothesis is like a guess without testing.
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The virtually universal decline in near vision in middle adulthood is called __________.
The virtually universal decline in near vision in middle adulthood is called presbyopia.
What is vision?Vision is the ability of the eyes to receive and send signals to the brain which then interprets and produces a picture of the object.
A common eye defect the occurs as people grow into adulthood is known as presbyopia.
In conclusion, presbyopia is an age-dependent eye defect.
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According to the gate control theory of pain, the structure that is the likely location of the gate is: Group of answer choices the substantia gelatinosa. the ventral horns of the spinal cord. the transverse section of the medulla. supraspinal nerve endings.
According to the gate control theory of pain, the structure that is the likely location of the gate is the substantia gelatinous.
What is substantia gelatinous?A group of cells called the substance gelatinosa can be found in the spinal cord's gray matter (dorsal horns). It receives direct input from the dorsal (sensory) nerve roots, particularly those fibers from pain and thermoreceptors, and is present at all levels of the cord.The spinal cord has a system that permits pain signals to be amplified in the brain before being processed at the spinal cord itself, or attenuated there, in accordance with the Gate Control Theory of Pain.The "gate" is the device that either permits or forbids the transmission of pain signals.To feel intense pain if the gates are more open since many more pain signals will flow through to the brain. The likelihood that you will feel less discomfort increases as the gates are more tightly shut.
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Measures of events that occur in the brain and other parts of the nervous system are called ________ measures.
Measures of events that occur in the brain and other parts of the nervous system are called neuronal measures.
Information is transmitted via neurons. They communicate between various brain regions and between the brain and the rest of the nervous system through electrical impulses and chemical signals. The intricate circuits of the nervous system are built from originally erroneous neuronal connections, and neural activity is essential for this process. Many common neurodevelopmental diseases, ranging from subtle learning deficits to severe developmental delay, may be caused by disruptions in the development of these specific circuits.The second most well-known method for capturing cerebral activity is electroencephalography, or EEG.learn more about neuronal here: https://brainly.com/question/11538106
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