Stress levels and depressive symptoms in NICU mothers in the early postpartum period Anna Alkozei , Erin McMahon:
What is stress?Stress is a normal human reaction that happens to everyone. In fact, the human body is designed to experience stress and react to it. When you experience changes or challenges (stressors), your body produces physical and mental responses.
There are 5 stages of stress:
Stage 1: Fight or Flight. We perceive some kind of threat.Stage 2: Damage control.Stage 4: Adaption. Stage 5: Burnout.INTERPRETATION-
Objective:
This study examined whether particular maternal and infant factors can identify mothers at risk for increased stress upon admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Methods:
Eighty-five mothers of preterm infants (25–34 weeks gestation) were assessed using the Parental Stressor Scale (PSS:NICU) and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) within 3.24 ± 1.58 d postpartum. Hierarchical linear regression models were used to determine the extent to which maternal stress is influenced by individual factors.
Results:
Fifty-two percent of mothers experienced increased stress (PSS:NICU score ≥3) and 38% had significant depressive symptoms (EPDS score ≥10). Stress related to alterations in parental role was the most significant source of stress among NICU mothers. Distance from the hospital and married marital status were significant predictors for stress related to alterations in parental role (p = 0.003) and NICU sights and sounds (p = 0.01), respectively. Higher stress levels were associated with higher depressive scores (p = 0.001). Maternal mental health factors, demographic factors, pregnancy factors and infant characteristics were not associated with increased stress.
Conclusion:
Elevated stress levels and depressive symptoms are already present in mothers of preterm infants upon NICU admission. Being married or living long distance from the hospital is associated with higher stress. Future work is needed to develop effective interventions for alleviating stress in NICU mothers and preventing its potential development into postnatal depression.
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A 31-year-old female is experiencing an acute asthma attack. She is conscious and alert, but in obvious respiratory distress. After assisting her with her prescribed mdi, you should?
After assisting her with her prescribed mdi, you should reassess the patient and document her response to the medication.
Tired, irritable, moody, moody. Decreased or altered lung function as measured by a peak flow meter. Signs of a cold or allergy (sneezing, runny nose, cough, stuffy nose, sore throat, headache) Sleep disorders due to nighttime asthma.
The blood test is a quick and easy test that can provide useful information about your general health and the type of asthma. Blood tests can help you and your team of experts detect: If you have high levels of allergic antibodies in your blood. This suggests that your severe asthma is mainly caused by allergies.
Spirometry. This is the main test doctors commonly use to diagnose asthma in her 5-year-old youth. To determine how well your lungs are functioning (lung function), take a deep breath and exhale vigorously into a tube connected to your vital capacity meter (exhale).
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________________, wrote an influential book, southern horrors: lynch law in all its phases and helped inspire the anti-lynching movement.
Most psychotherapies for conduct disorder are ________ in focus and aim to change children’s ways of interpreting interpersonal interactions.
Most psychotherapies for conduct disorder are Cognitive behavioral in focus and aim to change children’s ways of interpreting interpersonal interactions.
A cognitive-behavioral approach shifts patient engagement from best practice to an expected standard, creating an integrated model aimed at producing actionable tools that improve patients 'and healthcare professionals' understanding of the risks, benefits and actions needed to safe and effective use of the product. Conduct disorder is a type of behavior disorder. Known as the father of CBT, Aaron Beck has defined three levels of cognition: core beliefs. Dysfunctional hypotheses. Automatic negative thoughts.
Examples of CBT techniques can include: exposing yourself to situations that cause anxiety, such as entering a crowded public space. Track your thoughts throughout the day and record your feelings about your thoughts. Most psychotherapies for conduct disorder are Cognitive behavioral
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Kimmy is trying to decide if she should buy a house in a new town. the decision is creating a lot of anxiety for her, which is an example of an:_______.
Kimmy is trying to decide if she should buy a house in a new town. the decision is creating a lot of anxiety for her, which is an example of an: Decision-making anxiety.
People with decision-making anxiety feel paralysed in terror because they can't seem to decide what is right, or they become utterly miserable because the fear of making the incorrect choice paralyses them and makes it nearly difficult for them to act.
Risk-taking in decision-making can be influenced by both stress and anxiety. While worry frequently results in risk-averse decisions, stress generally leads to increased risk-taking. Few research have combined anxiety and stress into one paradigm to evaluate risk-averse decisions.
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____ is the functional unit of a computer that stores and retrieves instructions and data
Answer:
I think it's the CPU Central Processing Unit of the computer.Hope this helps
How does grimké explain that the discussion of wrongs of slavery opened the way for the discussion of other rights?.
Grimké explains that the discussion of the wrongs of slavery opened the way for the discussion of other rights By studying slavery, she realized women lacked basic freedoms as well. This is further explained below.
What is slavery?Generally, Slavery refers to the circumstance of one human being owned by another human being. The law regarded a slave as property, sometimes known as , and thus stripped them of the vast majority of the rights that are often possessed by free people.
In conclusion, Grimké says that the debate over the immorality of slavery paved the way for the debate regarding other rights. Through her research, she came to the conclusion that women, like slaves, were denied fundamental liberties.
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According to mary ainsworth, a(n) _____ infant avoids the mother or is ambivalent toward her, fears strangers, and is upset by minor, everyday separations.
According to Mary Ainsworth, an insecurely attached infant avoids the mother or is ambivalent toward her, fears strangers, and is upset by minor, everyday separations.
An especially poor outcome of mindset ambivalence is the cognitive battle and mental soreness related to concurrently retaining high quality and bad opinions closer to the identical attitude item.
An example of ambivalence is suffering with whether to invite someone to an occasion because she has a high quality dating with you however no longer with the opposite attendees. The definition of ambivalence is a country in which you lack actuality or the capability to make decisions.
Ambivalence occurs in intimate relationships when there is a coexistence of opposing emotions and desires in the direction of the other character that creates an uncertainty approximately being inside the courting.
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The concept of resistance can best be described as all of the following except A. everything that prevents a client from producing unconscious material. B. that which needs to be analyzed and interpreted. C. an inevitable part of psychoanalytic therapy. D. invaluable from a theoretical and clinical perspective.
The concept of resistance can best be described as D. invaluable from a theoretical and clinical perspective.
Resistance is described because of the capability to restrict pathogen burden even as tolerance is described because of the capability to restrict the fitness impact as a result of a given pathogen burden. The sum of these two mechanisms defines a bunch's protecting ability.
Resistance is the improvement of the potential to resist the previously unfavorable effect of a drug through microorganisms or tumor cells. Examples of medications that result in tolerance consist of alcohol and opioids.
Tolerance is a person's faded reaction to a drug, which takes place when the drug is used time and again and the frame adapts to the continuing presence of the drug. Resistance refers back to the capability of microorganisms or cancer cells to resist the effects of a drug usually effective against them.
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An early system of U.S. penology in which inmates were kept in solitary cells so that they could study religious writings, reflect on their misdeeds, and perform handicraft work was the _____________
An early system of U.S. penology in which inmates were kept in solitary cells so that they could study religious writings, reflect on their misdeeds, and perform handicraft work was the Pennsylvania system
What is Pennsylvania system?The Pennsylvania system used in Pennsylvania is predicated on the idea that isolation produces repentance and promotes reformation. The Philadelphia Society for Alleviating the Miseries of Public Prisons, whose most active members were Quakers, supported the concept. This so-called separate philosophy was used at the Eastern State Penitentiary on Cherry Hill in Philadelphia in 1829.In cells measuring 16 feet high, nearly 12 feet long, and 7.5 feet broad, inmates were housed in solitary confinement (4.9 by 3.7 by 2.3 m). Each cell had an adjacent exercise yard that was totally fenced to avoid contact between inmates. Only institution staff members and a rare visitor were visible to the prisoners. However, solitary penitence was soon changed to include doing tasks like producing shoes or weaving.What is Penology?Penology, sometimes referred to as Penal Science, is the area of criminology that focuses on how society views and acts to combat criminal activity.Penology has historically and, for the most part, still refers to the practice of punishing offenders as a result of their wrongdoing; however, it may be reasonably extended to cover other practices, which are not punitive in nature, such as probation, medical treatment, and education, aimed at the cure or rehabilitation of the offender; and this is, in fact, the accepted present sense of the term.Know more about Pennsylvania system https://brainly.com/question/13070101
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For pdp medication home delivery, the ____ plan will continue to offer a discount for 90-day tier 2, tier 3 and tier 6 prescriptions.
The 4th tier plan is one that will continue to offer a discount for 90-day tier 2, tier 3 and tier 6 prescriptions.
What is a Copayment Tier?This refers to a prescription drug tier that consists of the different tier of prescriptions drugs that are most are generic.
Basically, there are 4 Copayment Tier that that could be assigned to a member depending on the level of need.
Therefore, the 4th tier plan is one that will continue to offer a discount for 90-day tier 2, tier 3 and tier 6 prescriptions.
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To what does political scientist hugh heclo's term the illusion of presidential government refer?
The political scientist Hugh heclo's term the illusion of presidential government as one whereby the people of the United States has the belief that president actually runs the entire government.
What is presidential system of government?A presidential system of government can be regarded as the form of government which has a central government.
It is with a typical title of president who is the head of the executive branch and it is different from legislative branch in systems , hence, The political scientist Hugh heclo's term the illusion of presidential government as one whereby the people of the United States has the belief that president actually runs the entire government.
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2. The objective that Aristotle had in mind when creating a system to filter out the irrational intuitions of human beings that impede rational decision making. Do you agree with him that human beings tend to be irrational although they have the capability to be rational
In politics, religious traditionalists are likely to be affiliated with which of these?
In politics, religious traditionalists are likely to be affiliated with Post materialism.
A traditionalist is someone who opposes changing the accepted norms and values of their community or organization and supports them instead. Traditionalist organizations, ideas, and arguments favor traditional rather than contemporary practices and beliefs within a community or group.
A group of intellectuals from the 20th and 21st centuries known as the Traditionalist or Perennialist School hold the idea that all major global religions have their roots in and share some universal truths known as eternal wisdom or perennial philosophy.
All religious knowledge is obtained from divine revelation and is learned through traditional instruction, according to traditionalist thought.
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in context of the issue of confidentiality, if someone other than the experimenter will have access to data, this should be explained to the participants along with plans for maintaining confidentiality Group of answer choices True False
The statement is True.
Confidentiality refers back to the obligation to guard privileged facts and to proportion entrusted information responsibly. It stems from the notion that a person's wishes, selections, and private information ought to be handled with admiration. The duty of confidentiality can observe in people, companies, and establishments.
The confidentiality method respects a person's privacy, and abstains from sharing private or doubtlessly touchy facts about a person, mainly if that data has been shared in confidence.
The precept of confidentiality is ready privacy and respecting a person's desires. It way that professionals should not proportion non-public information about someone with others, except that man or woman has said they could or it is without a doubt necessary.
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How did the crusades strengthened the papacy’s position in the church hierarchy
In 756 AD, Pepin the Short, King of the Franks invaded the country of Italy, by which Rome was freed from the Lombards and gave large regions of Italy to the Pope. With this the Papal States arouse and gave the papacy a power which was not in the hands of the papacy.
After this the Christianity goes spread to a large extent, and the spread of Christianity gave the Bishop of Rome a great religious as well as political strength.
After this Rome became the center of Christianity and crusades strengthened the papacy's position in the Church hierarchy.
Until the Rome was declared as the capital of the Kingdom of Italy it was considered as the capital of the Papal States.
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Triage, treatment, and transport groups at a mass-casualty incident are an example of what?
Triage, treatment, and transport are included or are the part EMS groups.
A business can lessen its negative environmental consequences and improve operational effectiveness by putting into place an Environmental Management System (EMS), a set of regulations and techniques.
The major goals of the environmental management system are to reduce pollution, comply with regulations, and improve environmental conditions.
The triage categorized into four during mass causality are: urgent (red), emergency (yellow), delayed (green), and irreparable (black).
Thus, triage, treatment, and transport comes under EMS groups.
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Which factors determine the duration of stressors? select all that apply
Type of stressor and the client’s perception of stressor are factors that determine the duration of stressors.
An important variable that affects duration is the type of stressor. A less serious crisis might be resolved more quickly than a more serious crisis, and vice versa. The length of the stressor is significantly influenced by the client's perception. It could take a long time to work with a client who believes that his or her stressor is enormous and unfixable.
A chemical or biological substance, an environmental factor, an outside stimulus, or an event that is thought to stress an organism is referred to as a stressor. An individual may regard demanding, challenging, or endangering their personal safety situations or circumstances as stressors. Internal responses to stressors can be biological, physical, and psychological.
Physical stressors cause tissue deformation and, in severe situations, tissue failure by mechanically stressing the skin, bones, ligaments, tendons, muscles, and nerves. Additionally, biomechanical reactions related to metabolism and tissue healing are brought on by chemical stressors. Work performance may be hampered by physical stressors that cause pain. Extreme physical stressors or if there is not enough recovery time between exposures can cause chronic pain and impairment that necessitates medical attention.
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Temperament is an individual’s a.both a and b are correct. b.level of emotional reactivity. c.level of emotional intuitiveness. d.level of cognitive capacity.
Temperament is an individual’s level of emotional reactivity
A person's emotive, attentional, and motor reactions in different contexts are determined by their temperament, which is a set of personal traits thought to have a biological basis. The way that young children feel and behave, how they approach and respond to circumstances, how much anxiety, frustration, grief, and discomfort they experience, etc., can all be influenced by a child's temperament. These reactions also influence later social encounters and social behavior.
A child's biological make-up gives rise to different emotional and behavioral characteristics that show up early in development and are referred to as their temperament. Children's temperaments influence their outcomes in part by influencing how they interact with and elicit responses from their settings. Depending on their temperaments, children perceive their experiences in the environment in various ways.
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Where can you find contact information for your campus library?
On library homepage and library guides you can find contact information for your campus library.
The primary purpose of the library is to provide resources and services in a variety of media in order to meet the needs of individuals and groups for education, information and personal development.
A library's collection include books, newspapers, periodicals, prints, documents, microform, e-books, audiobooks, databases etc. Libraries range widely in size in up to millions of items.
Although there are different types of libraries, they all perform the same basic functions to effectively provide information and services to their clients.
The campus library is a library belonging to a college or a university. The contact information for your campus library can be found on the on library homepage and library guides.
Hence, the answer was given and explained above.
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The first world war happened in what year and ended in What year
July 28, 1914 – November 11, 1918
A hazard can be best described as
A hazard can be best described as a condition or situation that creates or increases a chance of loss.
A hazard is any supply of potential chance, damage, or detrimental health impact to humans e.g. a place of open water or a steep slope, plant life with thorns. The danger is something that is recognized as being probably risky or that can motive harm to people.
A threat is a supply or a scenario with the potential for harm in phrases of human damage or ill-health, harm to property, damage to the surroundings, or a mixture of those.
A risk is something that can purpose damage, e.g. energy, chemical substances, working up a ladder, noise, a keyboard, a bully at paintings, stress, and so forth. A danger is a risk, excessive or low, that any threat will actually reason any personal harm. For an instance, running by myself far away from my workplace may be a danger.
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Harper's first words to elwood were that turner had promised that elwood knew how to take what action?
The Harper's first words to Elwood were that turner had promised that Elwood knew how to take what action piece of prison slang is said to have.
While cleaning Eleanor's basement of powerful politicians, Elwood tells Turner about his plans to overthrow Nickel Academy. Whitehead has already realized that his academy is operating in violation of the law, largely making its own rules and not adhering to governmental obligations.
Elwood is sent to Nickel Academy, another reform school for boys. Elwood befriends a street smart named Turner. When Elwood is severely beaten by the staff, Turner tells him that he is lucky because some boys do not return after being sentenced to a small white shack.
He reports to the warehouse and sees Turner with a young white employee named Harper. Harper is the leader of the school's community service initiative. After Harper says Elwood is better suited for the job, he tells both boys to get in the van and drives the van off campus.
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What factors have impacted the ability of humans to live longer lives?
The factors have impacted the ability of humans to live longer lives differ from in male and female. Male and female longevity are significantly impacted by differences in education, employment prospects, lifestyle choices, social mobility, and the larger local environment.
What is Longevity?While "life expectancy" is always defined statistically as the average number of years left at a particular age, the phrase "longevity" is occasionally used as a synonym for "life expectancy."However, the term "longevity" is sometimes meant to refer only to, especially long-lived people of a population. Male and female longevity are significantly impacted by differences in education, employment prospects, lifestyle choices, social mobility, and the larger local environment.Due to a number of causes, including decreased infant mortality, improving living standards, improved lifestyles, higher education, and improvements in healthcare and medicine, life expectancy at birth has increased significantly over the past century.Life expectancy at birth has been steadily rising over the past century as a result of economic development, improvements in some environmental circumstances (such as in many urban areas), improved lifestyles, and advancements in healthcare and medicine, including lower infant mortality.Know more about longevity https://brainly.com/question/9874118
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Which of the following statements is TRUE of active listening? Group of answer choices It is made up of two components of sensing and evaluation. It is a conscious process. It is a process where listeners unconsciously sense the sender's signals and evaluate them. It works best when the evaluation of message is formed immediately without postponing it.
The true statement about active listening is that it is essential in communication as it motivates and directs the speaker.
What active listening?This refers to the process of assimilating what is being said by a presenter or a speaker.
Ways to demonstrate active listening are:
Maintain eye contact with the speaker eye contact.Respond with head nods.Use appropriate body language.Ask questions if the time is right.Learn more about active listening here: https://brainly.com/question/12185970
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With regard to the psychology of emotion, william james would be interested in the?
With regard to the psychology of emotion, William James would be interested in the: how emotions aid one's adaptation to the environment.
What is psychology of emotion?Psychology of emotion can be defined as the way a person or an individual feels or react to life events, challenges and situation they encounter by expressing their feelings as either of the following:
HappySad AngryMoody etc.William James who was born in the year 1842 and died in the year, during his life time was a well known philosopher as well as a psychologist which is why he was called father of American psychology based on his impact .
Therefore, the psychology of emotion or theory of emotion of William James would tend to be interested in how a person or an individual emotions can aid their adaptation to the environment in which they belongs to or environment they found themselves.
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What strategy for research is the only way to determine casual relationships between vraiables with certainty?
A true experiment is a strategy for research is the only way to determine casual relationships between variables with certainty.
A true design of experiments requires a random assignment. The control group does not receive intervention and the experimental group receives the intervention. The basic components of a real-world experiment include a pre-test, post-test, control, and experimental groups.
Example of a true experiment
Sarah made a hypothetical or knowledge-based guess about the relationship between drug X and anxiety. Sarah's hypothesis is that drug X reduces anxiety. Sarah's independent variable (predictor) is drag X. Her dependent variable (result variable) is anxious.
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The houses in the temperate zone were built depending on all the four seasons. why? explain.
Answer:
because the temperature of the atmosphere can greatly change within the seasons
Olivia washes her hands a lot, making her skin rough and dry. What is the medical term for this?
Olivia washes her hands a lot, making her skin rough and dry, the medical term for this is dermatitis.
An itchy, red, and rashy rash are the usual symptoms of dermatitis, which is an inflammation of the skin. Small blisters may appear in situations with short durations, while thickening of the skin may occur in cases with extended durations. From a little patch to the entire body, the skin can be affected. Eczema is frequently used to refer to dermatitis, and there is no accepted distinction between the two.
Often, it's difficult to pinpoint the particular etiology of the disease. In some circumstances, poor venous return may coexist with allergies. According on the person's medical history and the location of the rash, the type of dermatitis is typically identified. For instance, persons whose hands are constantly wet have irritating dermatitis frequently. As soon as an allergen is exposed, a hypersensitive reaction results in allergic contact dermatitis.
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Explore: what types of public policies should the government of this country explore based on the composition of the population pyramid? explain why?
Based on the composition of the population pyramid, the types of public policies should the government of this country explore is based on population age structure.
A population pyramid can be used to compare differences between male and female populations of an area. It also show the number of dependents such as children and, sometimes, elderly people, and general structure of the population at any given moment.
As a part of public policy making, the population pyramid makes it easy to understand the comparison between developed and developing nation.
Hence, for making decisions related to policies for future, a critical thinking and sufficient knowledge of the population age structure is being provided by the pyramid.
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Before the developement of new criticism and formalism, what was a common approach to interpretting literature?
Before the development of new criticism and formalism, the common approach to interpreting literature was traditional literary criticism.
Traditional Literary criticism was used before the development of formalism and new criticism to interpret literature. Traditional literary criticism focuses on the author's biographical information and how it influences the work.
This criticism ignores reader response and focuses upon the author, time period, and text alone. Traditional literary criticism places the text back into the period which it came from in order for the reader to better understand the intent of the author.
Hence, before the development of new criticism and formalism, the literature was was interpreted by traditional literary criticism.
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