The correct numbers of subatomic particles for a neutral atom of helium are C) Two protons, two neutrons, four electrons
What are subatomic particles ?
Any of the multiple self-contained units of matter or energy that are the building blocks of all matter are considered subatomic particles, also known as elementary particles. They include the heavier constituents of the small but extremely dense atom's nucleus, the positively charged protons and the electrically neutral neutrons, as well as the electrons, the negatively charged, nearly massless particles that still make up the majority of the atom's size. The only known subatomic particles, however, are not these fundamental atomic building blocks.
These particles are frequently referred to as subatomic particles since they are the building blocks of atoms. There are protons, neutrons, and electrons, three types of subatomic particles. Protons and electrons, two of the subatomic particles, each have an electrical charge of one or the other.
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The compound xanthophyll is a yellow compound found in bird feathers and flowers. xanthophyll contains atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the ratio 20:28:1. its molecules each have six oxygen atoms. write the molecular formula of xanthophyll
Molecular formula of xanthophyll is C₄₀ H₅₆O₂ .
In the question given that
Compund xanthophyll is yellow in color and found in bird feathers and flowers.
It contains carbon , hydrogen and oxygen in ratio 20:28:1 .
Molecular formula : Μultiply each index of the molecular formula by n to get the molecular formula, as denoted by the general empirical formula AxBy: (AxBy)n= AₙₓBₙᵧ
from the given ration of composition of elements in compund we can drive empirical formula of xanthophyll.
empirical formula is C₂₀H₂₈O
Now , time to drive molecular formula for xanthophyll.
Molar mass of xanthophyll = 659g/mol
empirical formula mass = 12×20+1× 28+2× 16 = 300 g/mol
n formula per unit = molar mass of compound / empirical formula mass
=> n = 659/ 300 = 2.1 ~ 2
So , Molecular formula of xanthophyll is (C₂₀H₂₈O)2 = C₄₀H₅₆O₂
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Identify the calculations possible using only 28. 02 g/mol as a conversion factor.
The calculations possible using only 28.02 g/mol as a conversion factor are:
The grams of N2 in 5.03 x 10^20 moles of nitrogen gas.The moles of N2 in 3.94 grams of nitrogen gas.How to do the conversion in chemistry?One of many ways to do a conversion in chemistry is by using the conversion factor. It is an arithmetical multiplier for converting a quantity of a unit to the equivalent expressed in another.
Given the conversion factor of 28.02 g/mol (molar mass of nitrogen), we could calculate the grams of N2 in 5.03 x 10^20 moles of nitrogen gas. We also can calculate the moles of N2 molecules in 3.94 grams of nitrogen gas by using 28.02 g/mol as the conversion factor.
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what volume, in l, of 10.0 m hcl is needed to make 2.00 l of 2.00 m hcl solution by dilution with water?
To make 2.00 l of 2.00 m HCl solution by dilution with water, the volume of 10.0 m HCl needed is 0.4 l.
Dilution is defined as the process in which the concentration of a sample is decreased by adding more solvent. The dilution formula is given below.
C₁V₁ = C₂V₂
where C₁ = initial concentration of sample = 10.0 m
V₁ = initial volume of sample
C₂ = final concentration after dilution = 2.00 m
V₂ = total final volume after dilution = 2.00 l
Plug in the values to the formula and solve for the volume of the solution needed.
V₁ = C₂V₂/C₁
V₁ = (2.00 m)(2.00 l)/(10.0 m)
V₁ = 0.4 l
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List the following bonds in order of increasing ionic character.
the lithium-to-fluorine bond in Li-F
the potassium-to-chlorine bond in KCl
the lithium-to-lithium bond in Li
the chlorine-to-fluorine bond in ClF3
the potassium-to-bromine bond in K-Br
The list of ionic bonds in order of increasing ionic character is as follows:
the chlorine-to-fluorine bond in ClF3the lithium-to-lithium bond in Lithe potassium-to-bromine bond in K-Brthe lithium-to-fluorine bond in Li-Fthe potassium-to-chlorine bond in KClWhat are ionic bonds?Ionic bonds are bonds that are formed between two oppositely-charged ions held together by electrostatic forces of attraction.
The ions that are involved are the positive ions called cations and the negative ions called anions.
The strength of an ionic bond increases with an increase in the ionic character of the ions as well as an increase in the difference in the electronegativity of the ions.
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Balance the chemical equation for the
conversion of titanium dioxide to titanium chloride.
TiO₂ + Cl₂ + C → TICI + CO₂
Answer:
Explanation:
Here, we see that on the left-hand side the elements are as such -
TI - 1
O - 2
Cl - 2
C - 1
On the right-hand side, we have -
TI - 1
Cl - 1
C - 1
O - 2
So, this is how they will be balanced out -
2TIO₂ + Cl₂ + 2C => 2TICl + 2CO₂
One of the ceramics used in skateboards is called Cerbec. Which of the following are
also ceramics? Put rings around the two correct answers
glass ionic cement melamine nylon
Ceramics are synthetic materials which are corrosion and chemical resistant. Glass is an example of ceramic. Nylon, melamine and cement are not ceramic.
What are ceramics?Any of the several tough, fragile, heat- and corrosion-resistant materials created by sculpting and then heating an inorganic, nonmetallic material like clay to a high temperature are known as ceramics. Brick, porcelain, and earthenware are typical examples.
Pottery items or figurines composed of clay, either by itself or when combined with other materials like silica, and then hardened and sintered in fire, were the earliest ceramics produced by humans.
Later, glassy, amorphous ceramic coatings were applied over the crystalline ceramic substrates to reduce porosity, resulting in smooth, colorful surfaces for ceramics.
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Which statement about exothermic reactions is true?
The reactants have more heat energy than the products.
The reactants have more heat energy than the products.
Energy from an outside source is continuously being added.
Energy from an outside source is continuously being added.
More heat is given off than is put into the reaction.
More heat is given off than is put into the reaction.
The reaction container always feels cold.
The reaction container always feels cold.
The statement true about Exothermic reaction is
The reactants have more heat energy than the products.
What is exothermic reaction ?
A chemical reaction that releases energy is called exothermic. In an exothermic reaction, more energy is released forming a bond in the product than is used to break the bond in the reactants. An exothermic reaction is accompanied by an increase in temperature of the reaction mixture.
If a reaction releases more energy than it absorbs, the reaction is exothermic and enthalpy will be negative. Think of this as an amount of heat leaving (or being subtracted from) the reaction. If a reaction absorbs or uses more energy than it releases, the reaction is endothermic, and enthalpy will be positive.
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calculate the ph for each case in the titration of 50.0 ml of 0.160 m hclo(aq) with 0.160 m koh(aq). use the ionization constant for hclo. what is the ph before addition of any koh? what is the ph after addition of 25.0 ml koh?
pH before addition of any KOH = 4.10
pH after addition of any KOH = 7.40
What is pH?The quantitative measure of the acidity or basicity of aqueous or other liquid solutions is known as pH. In pure neutral (neither acidic nor alkaline) water, the concentration of hydrogen ions is 10⁻⁷ gram-equivalents per liter, which means a pH of 7. Solutions below pH 7 are acidic. Solutions of pH greater than 7 are basic or alkaline.
For the given question:
HClO ⇄ H⁺ + ClO⁻
Kₐ = 4 × 10⁻⁸
Kₐ = [H⁺ ][ClO⁻]/[HClO]
Let, [H⁺ ] = [ClO⁻] = x
Since [HClO] = 0.160 M
Then,
4 × 10⁻⁸ = x²/0.160
x = 8.0 × 10⁻⁵ M which is [H⁺ ]
pH = -log[H⁺ ]
pH = 4.10
Now initial moles of HClO = 0.05L × 0.160 mol/L
= 8 × 10⁻³ mol
Addition of 25.0 ml KOH adds 4 × 10⁻³ mol of KOH which reacts with HCl forming 4 × 10⁻³ mol ClO⁻ leaving 4 × 10⁻³ mol of HClO
Concentration [ClO⁻] = 4 × 10⁻³ mol / 0.0750L
= 0.0533M
Now,
Kₓ = 4 × 10⁻⁸
= [H⁺ ](0.0533)/(0.0533)
[H⁺ ] = 4 × 10⁻⁸
pH = 7.40
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What does the Law of Electric Charges state?
Answer:
Things that are negatively charged and things that are positively charged pull on (attract) each other. This makes electrons and protons stick together to form atoms. Things that have the same charge push each other away (they repel each other). This is called the Law of Charges.
Explanation:
According to Coulomb, the electric force for charges at rest has the following properties: Like charges repel each other; unlike charges attract. Thus, two negative charges repel one another, while a positive charge attracts a negative charge.
Answer:
Like charges repel each other; unlike charges attract.
Explanation:
A chemist wants to make 100.0 mL of a 4.0 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution.
Approximately what mass of NaOH is required to make the solution?
Mass of NaOH that is required to make the solution is 16 grams
To find out the mass of the Sodium hydroxide that is required to make the solution, we need to know the concentration terms.
The concentration of a substance is the quantity of solute present in a given quantity of solution. Concentrations are usually expressed in terms of molarity, defined as the number of moles of solute in 1 L of solution
The formula for concentration is given as:
Concentration = Moles
Vol of Solution
⇒ Number of moles = Volume × Concentration
Moles = 0.10 L × 4.0 Mol/L
= 0.4 Moles
Mass of NaOH = Number of moles × Molecular weight
= 0.4 mol × 40 ⇒ 16 grams
Therefore the mass of NaOH required to make the solution is 16 grams
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PLEASE HELPPP In the gas law formula PV-nRT, the P is the gas _______________. (1 pt)
*
1 point
power
pressure
population
moles
Answer:
pressure is the correct answer bud
(a) how many grams of water will be produced from the combustion of 3.36 g of ethane gas with 9.56 g of oxygen gas?
4.609 grams of water will be produced from the combustion of 3.36 g of ethane gas with 9.56 g of oxygen gas. The chemical element with the atomic number 8 and symbol O is called oxygen.
Oxygen belongs to the periodic table's chalcogen group, is a very reactive nonmetal, and an oxidizing agent that easily produces oxides with most elements as well as other compounds.
The chemical formula for ethane, a paraffin series hydrocarbon with the properties of being colourless, odorless, and gaseous, is C2H6. The only hydrocarbon with a single carbon-carbon bond has the simplest structural makeup, and that is ethane. The primary use of ethylene, a feedstock for making plastics, is ethane.
A variety of intermediate products, the majority of which are transformed into plastics, are produced by the petrochemical industry using ethylene, which is primarily produced from ethane.
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which isotope, when bombarded with oxygen-18, yields the artificial isotope seaborgium-263 plus 4 neutrons?
Californium -249 is the isotope, when bombarded with oxygen-18, yields the artificial isotope seaborgium-263 plus 4 neutrons.
Californium is a radioactive chemical element with the symbol Cf and atomic number 98. The element was first synthesized by bombarding curium with alpha particles (helium-4 ions).
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the combined gas law relates volume and temperature. the combined gas law relates volume and temperature. true false
True, Combined gas law does relates volume and temperature.
The combined gas law is effectively a restructuring of the ideal gas law, where both n (mols of gas) and R (already a constant) remain constant. It can be used to determine how changes in pressure, volume, or temperature can be used to calculate the conditions of the resulting system.
The combined gas law is a combination of the three previously known laws which are- Boyle’s law PV = K, Charles law V/T = K, and Gay-Lussac’s law P/T = K. Therefore, the formula of combined gas law is PV/T = K,
Where P = pressure, T = temperature, V = volume, K is constant.
One can adjust the formula for the combined gas law so as to compare two sets of conditions in one substance. In the equation, the figures for temperature (T), pressure (P), and volume (V) with subscripts of one are representative of the initial condition. Also, those with the subscripts of two are representative of the final condition.
So we can conclude that the combined gas law relates volume and temperature.
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Explain how to
count the
number of atoms
in a molecule
that has
parentheses ()
around it?
The subscript outside of the parentheses in such a formula indicates that you must multiply it by the number of atoms within to calculate the number of atoms.
How do atoms work?One or more electrons with negative charges surround the core nucleus of an atom, which is made up of all of them. One or more protons and neutrons, which are comparatively heavy particles, can be found in the positively charged nucleus. The fundamental units of matter are called atoms.
How are atoms created?It is made up of neutrons, which have no charge, and protons, with a positive charge. All regular, naturally occurring atoms contain protons, neutrons, and the electrons that orbit them. These particles have a lengthy lifetime. Along with these three categories of particles, more subatomic particles might be present.
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what is the oxidation state of an individual bromine atom in nabro3 ? express the oxidation state numerically (e.g., 1).
The oxidation state of an individual bromine atom in NaBrO₃ .express the oxidation state numerically is + 5.
The given compound is as follows :
NaBrO₃ , the oxidation number of Na is +1. the oxidation state of O is - 2. the compound is neutral means all the oxidation number add is equal to zero.
NaBrO₃ => + 1 + Br + ( -2 ) × 3 = 0
Br + 1 - 6 = 0
Br - 5 = 0
Br = + 5
Thus, The oxidation state of an individual bromine atom in NaBrO₃ .express the oxidation state numerically is +5
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which of the following pairs of compounds could be separated by chemically active extraction? what reagents would you use? a. ch3ch2co2h and clch2ch2co2h b. phenol and alcohol c. nh and o
Option-(b) Phenol and alcohol could be separated by chemically active extraction.
In the chemically active extraction ,the compounds are treated with an acid or a base to alter their chemical structure. There are 3 types of chemical extraction. liquid-liquid, liquid-solid and acid base extraction. Acid-base extraction is known as a chemically active extraction.
A phenol is a weak acid.it can lose hydrogen ion when dissolved in water. alcohol is both acid and a base.it reacts with a strong base. The Oxygen atom makes alcohol a base. phenol and alcohol treated with DNA in the process of active extraction.
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the total amount of heat flow on compressing the co2 using the entropy balance and generalized chart of entropy departure. is the heat flow positive or negative? why?
Heat is chosen to be positive when it enters a system and negative when it exits, represented by the symbol Q and unit Joule. The temperature difference between two bodies causes heat flow.
What is an entropy in chemistry?The amount of heat per unit of temperatures in a system that cannot be used to carry out beneficial work is known as entropy. Entropy is a measure of a system's molecular disorder or unpredictability since work is produced by organized molecular motion.
What is entropy principle?All spontaneous shifts in an isolated system, according to the entropy principle, occur in the direction of growing entropy. These transformations can be seen in the dispersion of gradients or the evaporation of lots of energy into low-grade energy, which eventually turns into heat energy.
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A 59.3 g sample is heated to 98 °C and placed in a calorimeter containing 150.0 g of water. The water temperature rises from 19.0°C to 27.5 °C when energy transfer is complete. Calculate the specific heat of the sample
The specific heat of the object can be obtained as 1.3 J/Kg/°C.
What the specific heat capacity of the sample?We know that energy can neither be created nor destroyed. The meaning of this is that, when the object looses heat, the heat must be transferred to the water since the heat energy can not be lost.
Thus;
Heat lost by the object = Heat gained by water.
Let us denote the heat lost using a negative sign.
Then;
H = mcdT
H = heat lost/ gained
m = mass of the object
dT = temperature change
Then;
-(59 * c * (27.5 - 98)) = 150 * 4.18 * (27.5 - 19))
4159.5c = 5329.5
c = 5329.5/4159.5
c = 1.3 J/Kg/°C
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which way of dissolving does not change the chemical identity of the solute? responses dispersion dispersion disintegration disintegration ionization ionization dissociation
Dispersion does not change the chemical identity of the solute.
The dispersed phase is solute and dispersed medium is solvent. When ink is added to the water then it is dispersed in water, therefore the chemical identity is not changed.
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A gas is heated from 213.0k to 498.0k and the volume is increased from 23.0 liters to 55.0 liters by moving a large piston within a cylinder. If the original pressure was 1.15 atm, what would the final pressure be?
Include the following within your answer :
Which gas law did you use?
The numerical answer to the question.
An explanation of the correct number of significant figures you will use for the numerical answer.
Final pressure be P₂ = 0.9777 atm.
given data:-
data provided
Volume at first = 23.0 L
1.15 atm initial pressure
The starting temperature is 213.0 K.
498.0 K is the final temperature.
Volume completed: 55.0 L
Final pressure =?
Briefly:-
The generic gas equation states:
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2 is a formula.
Initial pressure is P1.
Initial volume: V1
Initial temperature is T1.
Final pressure is P2.
Final volume is V2.
T2 = Actual temperature.
P2 = P1V1 T2/ T1 V2 P2 = 1 atm 23.0 L 498.0 K / 213.0 K 55.0 L
P2 = 11454 atm .L. K / 11715 K.L
P₂ = 0.9777 atm.
A piston pressure is defined.The piston force, sometimes referred to as piston cylinder force, is the force applied to the piston while it is under cylinder pressure. An illustration of this force can be seen in a hydraulic system.
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Can yall help me with this
Answer: B
Explanation:
B is the correct answer, but this is only because there is no other data to go off of to answer said question. It says "Other potentially dangerous asteroids" meaning that is what they intend to do.
A sample of gas has a volume of 5.0 L and a pressure of 2.92 atm. If the final volume is 5.7 L, what is the final pressure of the gas?
Show your work in the work space below.
Hint: Use the equation for Boyle's Law
which one of the following statements is false? group of answer choices water is the most important greenhouse gas. water plays the greatest role in the thermal regulation of the atmosphere the amount of energy absorbed when water evaporates is large due to its strong intermolecular forces. water molecules absorb energy when water vapor condenses to form clouds.
The correct statement is " water molecules absorb energy when water vapor condenses to form clouds".
Condensation, which is the opposite of vaporization, would be the transformation of matter from its gaseous state into its liquid state. The water cycle is the most frequent use of the phrase.
One such illustration is the condensation that accumulates on a chilly cup's exterior or on a car's windows on a cool night. Dew, vapor, clouds, and the fog that see it when you exhale on a chilly day are more characteristics of condensation.
Therefore, the correct answer will be option (D).
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Metallic solids are solids composed of metal atoms that are held together by metallic bonds. They also tend to be good conductors because.
Metal solids tend to be good conductors because of the property of electron mobility.
Metal cations are the building blocks of metallic solids, and a delocalized "sea" of valence electrons holds them all together. Metallic solids are good conductors of heat and electricity because of the mobility of their electrons. Metal atoms bound together by metallic bonds form metallic solids, which are solids. These linkages act as expansive molecular orbitals that cover the entire solid.
The electrons in metallic solids are hence delocalized. They are not only linked together by two atoms in a sigma bond. Metals are effective heat and electricity conductors because they contain at least one free electron per atom, which means that it is not bound to any one atom and is therefore free to travel about the metal.
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In each case, she fills a reaction vessel with some mixture of the reactants and products at a constant temperature of 135.0 °C and constant total pressure. Then, she measures the reaction enthalpy AH and reaction entropy AS of the first reaction, and the reaction enthalpy AH and reaction free energy AG of the second reaction. The results of her measurements are shown in the table. Complete the table. That is, calculate AG for the first reaction and AS for the second. (Round your answer to zero decimal places.) Then, decide whether, under the conditions the engineer has set up, the reaction is spontaneous, the reverse reaction is spontaneous, or neither forward nor reverse reaction is spontaneous because the system is at equilibrium. AH = -107. kJ AS = -194 J K X $ ? AG = kJ C(s) + 2C1, (g) - CC1,(g) Which is spontaneous? this reaction the reverse reaction neither AH = 951. kJ | as=0 AG = 37. kJ Al 0,(s) + 3H2(g) + 2Al(s) + 3H20 (8) Which is spontaneous? this reaction the reverse reaction neither
To understand the connection between free energy and the equilibrium constant. The sign of a chemical reaction's standard free energy change G° determines whether the reaction will tend to proceed forward or backward. Similarly, the relative signs of G° and S° determine whether or not temperature affects the spontaneity of a chemical reaction, and if so, how much.
How do you determine enthalpy and entropy?G is only relevant for changes where the temperature and pressure remain constant. Most laboratory reactions are performed under these conditions; the system is usually open to the atmosphere (constant pressure), and the process begins and ends at room temperature (after any heat we have added or which is liberated by the reaction has dissipated.)
The Gibbs function is crucial because it is the single master variable that determines whether a given chemical change is thermodynamically possible.
Thus, if the free energy of the reactants is greater than the free energy of the products, the entropy of the world will increase when the reaction occurs as written, and the reaction will tend to occur spontaneously. In contrast, if the free energy of the products exceeds that of the reactants, the reaction will tend to proceed in the opposite direction rather than the one specified.
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if oxygen nitrogen and ozone did not absorb uv radiation, what would be the temperature profile in the atmosphere
If Ozone does not absorb UV radiation the temperature would rise enormously and the life on planet will be at risk.
This is because the Ozone layer covers the Earth and has the foremost function of absorbing and trapping the incoming UV and IR radiations, which if not absorbed can heat up the planet thereby increasing its overall temperature.
The non-entrapment of UV,IR rays will be futile to the biological contents of Earth and even cause fatalities to the abiotic components of the planet .Observations have shown that the increase in emission of greenhouse gases like Carbon dioxide, methane and synthetic chemicals like CFCs disrupted the Ozone layer eventually affecting the climate.
Ozone damage impact the climate primarily by fluctuating the temperature. The more ozone in a given quantity of air, the more heat it traps. Ozone generates heat in the stratosphere, both by absorbing the sun's UV radiation and by absorbing IR radiation from the lower layer of atmosphere.
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How did analyzing the chemical composition of the murder victim's bone help the detective identify the region of the world from which the victim came?
Please just answer in some educated way it doesnt have to be 100% correct
Each region has a different environment which can change the chemical composition of the body.
What information provides by studying the bones?Many of the skeletons have related to age, sex, ancestry, and cause of death. The remains of an individual with biological information are especially valuable. Forensic anthropologists have used skeletons to develop standards for identifying the sex, age, and ancestry of unknown remains of the body. Analyzing the chemical composition of the murder victim's bone, can help to identify the region of the world from which the victim came because each region has a different environment that can change the chemical composition of the body.
So we can conclude that analyzing the chemical composition of the murder victim's bone helps the researcher to identify the victim due to the environment in which the person was exposed.
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For small liquid spills that only affect a small area of skin, immediate flush with flowing cold water for at least.
For atleast 15 mins
Lab safety
We must always be cautious with hot and boiling liquids and whenever you are heating a liquid of any kind.We should never heat flammable liquid in a beaker. Never look down the neck of hot or heated vessel. Flasks, reaction containers and beakers should never be filled to capacity.For small liquid spill or splash that affects only a small area of skin, you should immediately flush skin with flowing water for at least 15 minutes (30 minutes for bases).
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when a 30.0 ml sample of a 0.461 m aqueous nitrous acid solution is titrated with a 0.467 m aqueous barium hydroxide solution, what is the ph at the midpoint in the titration?
The pH at midpoint in the titration will be 3.16
The pH at the midpoint of the titration (the half-equivalence point) will be equal to the pKa of nitrous acid i.e. 3.16. The calculation is quite simple as the Ka value is 4.0 x 10^-4. To find pKa = -log Ka.
Thus, pKa = -log (4.0 x 10^-4) = 3.16
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