The ion composition of perilymph is like that of interstitial fluid; high sodium and low potassium levels. If someone ruptured the vestibular membrane, the membrane between the vestibular duct (Scala vestibuli) and the cochlear duct (Scala media), what would be the effect of such a rupture on the concentration of potassium in the endolymph in the cochlear duct

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The concentration of potassium will decrease

Explanation:

The cochlear ducts are composed of two distict types of fluids: 1-perilymph, rich in sodium (140 mM) and low in potassium (5 mM), and 2- endolymph, rich in potassium (1 mM) and low in sodium (150 mM). The perilymph fluid has a similar composition to the rest of the extracellular fluids, while endolymph present a unique ion composition that is not found in other fluids of the body. It is believed that the cochlea can regulate potassium flow without using energy (i.e.,  without use ATP), since potassium enters into the cells through passive pathways, while this ion ion leaves the cells by an active mechanism.


Related Questions

Mutations in which of the following cells would get passed on to the next generation?
I. sperm
II. Skin cell
III. Egg
IV. Neuron
A. II, III, and IV
B. III only
C.I and III
D. I, III, and IV

Answers

Answer:

C. I and III

Explanation:

A mutation needs to occur in a gamete cell in order to be passed down to the next generation.

If it occurs in a somatic (body) cell, the mutation will only be present in that organism.

On the other hand, in a gamete cell, the mutation will pass down because gamete cells are directly involved in the genetic makeup of the offspring.

So, since sperm and egg cells are gametes, mutations in those cells would get passed on.

The correct answer is C. I and III

break down component parts​

Answers

Answer:

part c of the components

Are bacteria eukaryotes

Answers

Answer:

yes they very much are!!!!!!!!!

INDEPENDENT, DEPENDENT, OR CONTROL?
You water three sunflower plants with salt water. Each plant receives a
different concentration of salt solution. A fourth plant receives pure water.
After a two-week period, the height is measured.
1. Is the height the independent variable or dependent variable?
2. What is the control group in this experiment?

Answers

Answer:

dependent variable

the control group is the fourth plant with pure water.

Explanation:

ᴼʳᶦᵍᶦᵒⁿᵃˡ ᵖᵘⁿ; What god do moles belleve in?

Answers

Answer:

i want to know the answer

Explanation:

2. Calculate the rate of population increase for the whales and the seals from the data in table 2, trial 1. What does this rate represent?
Hint: From the point of zero change on the graph to the highest population achieved is a change in time of 100 months. (Refer to the science skills practice in the lesson for the correct formula for the rate of population change.)

Answers

Answer:

There are no tables but it should be a bell curve. as a population of whales rise the population of seals will decrease, eventually creating a plateau in the whale population. shortly after the plateau in the whale population the whale population will begin to decline ( as food becomes less available) causing the seal population will begin to rise and restabilize. this pattern should continue cyclically creating a wave function on a graph!

Explanation:

The giant continent which was composed of all the land on Earth was called
a. Pangaea.
c. Gondwana.
b. Panthalassa.
d. Laurasia.

Answers

The answer is "Pangaea"

Answer:

Pangea

Explanation:

Answer

As part of your research, you examine mRNA expression for the parents, their two unaffected children, and their affected child with a Northern blot using a full-length cDNA probe.Your results, shown here, are as follows:Both parents have low, but detectable, mRNA expression.The unaffected children have either normal or low mRNA expression.The affected child has no detectable mRNA expression. What possible molecular defect could explain these results?Select every legitimate possibility from the choices below.a. The recessive allele could be a premature stop codon that prevents the translation of a full-length protein.b. The recessive allele could be a mutation in the promoter region that prevents RNA polymerase II from binding.c. The recessive allele could be a mutation in the transcribed region that makes the mRNA unstable and causes it to degrade.d. The recessive allele could be a mutation in regulatory DNA that prevents chromatin from being remodeled from a closed to an open state.e. The recessive allele could be a mutation in a splice donor or acceptor sequence that prevents proper mRNA splicing, leaving an intron in the spliced transcript.

Answers

Answer:

b.c d are the answer options

Explanation:

b. The recessive allele could be a mutation in the promoter region that prevents RNA polymerase II from binding.

c. The recessive allele could be a mutation in the transcribed region that makes the mRNA unstable and causes it to degrade.

d. The recessive allele could be a mutation in regulatory DNA that prevents chromatin from being remodeled from a closed to an open state.

in option b, the synthesis of mRNA is going to be halted

in option c, mRNA is undergoing degradation, it will be invisible in the northern blot.

in option d, mRNA in expression of each gene is going to be turned off.

.

According to kirk smith a professor of environmental health at the university of california berkley indoor fires increase risks of pneumonia tuberculosis lung cancer and low birth weight in babies born of women expose during pregnancy. What simple solution is being widely promoted to reduce the risk of death?
a) preparing meals using solar cookers.
b) switching from wood to burning crop waste as a fuel source.
c) adding more windows to houses as a source of ventilation.
d) passing a green tax to make homeowners pay for their pollution.
e) providing asthma inhalers to children under the age of 12 years.

Answers

Answer:

preparing meals using solar cookers.

Explanation:

solar cookers  radiates at low rates.Therefore the most of the nutrients in the foods are conserved.Thus most micro nutrients for biochemical activities are retained. Vitamins which can not withstand high temperature are preserved.

Most importantly carcinogens which are usually associated with high heat foods are avoided ,when cook with low heat of solar cookers

The solar cooker is smoke free,therefore irritation of the lungs,lung cancer associated with high heat  cookers is avoided.

Specifically,local Mayan women exposed to high heat smoke cookers, suffers lung cancer,and those with pregnancy gives to infants with low birth weights. Children exposed to theses high heat also experienced acute lower respiratory infections.

Thus the smokeless,low heat solar cooker is safer.

____ are thought to be present before vertabrates

Answers

Answer:

Jawless fish was present before vertebrates.

Explanation:

Jawless fish has some characteristics of vertebrates and also considered as the ancestor of vertebrates on earth which is similar in appearance with the hagfish. It was present about 500 to 600 million years ago. They consist of cranium but vertebral column is absent. but with the passage of time, evolution occurs and many animals which was the descendant of this jawless fish having vertebral column or backbone in their body.

Can carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide cause carbon poisoning?

Answers

Explanation:

carbon monoxide can cause carbon poisoning.

What are some functions of a cell membrane? Select all that apply.

The cell membrane shields the cell’s internal parts.

The cell membrane prevents the environment inside the cell from changing.

The cell membrane contains the cell’s DNA and RNA.

The cell membrane allows needed materials to enter

Answers

Answer:Only the 3rd statement is WRONG.

DNA and RNA are present in the nucleus of the cell

Explanation:THE CORRECT STATEMENTS ARE :

The cell membrane shields the cell’s internal parts.

The cell membrane prevents the environment inside the cell from changing.

The cell membrane allows needed materials to enter

The correct statements about the functions of a cell membrane are:

A. The cell membrane shields the cell’s internal parts.

B. The cell membrane prevents the environment inside the cell from changing.

D. The cell membrane allows needed materials to enter.

A cell is defined as the basic functional, structural and smallest unit of life in all living organisms.

Cell organelles refers to the inner organs (workers) that are responsible for performing various tasks or functions, especially for the survival of a living organism.

Basically, some cell organelles found in living organisms includes:

Nucleus. Cytoplasm.Golgi apparatus. Mitochondria.Cell membrane.

A cell membrane can be defined as the wall of a cell which typically controls what enters and leaves the cell.

Hence, some of the functions of a cell membrane are:

The cell membrane allows materials needed by a living organism to enter the cell.The cell membrane serves as a shield (wall) for the cell’s internal parts.The cell membrane preserves the environment inside the cell by preventing it from changing.

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True or dalse. The cell that produces interferon is protected from the infectious agent.​

Answers

Answer:

True

I hope this helps!

Two of the many cycles in nature's web of life are the carbon cycle and the A. energy cycle B. water cycle C. food cycle D. heat cycle

Answers

━━━━━━━☆☆━━━━━━━

▹ Answer

B. water cycle

▹ Step-by-Step Explanation

Water is something that is dependent on amongst living things. Without the water cycle, there wouldn't be a source of water and living things wouldn't be able to survive.

Hope this helps!

CloutAnswers ❁

━━━━━━━☆☆━━━━━━━

Identify each of the following characteristics or descriptions as Lycopodium sp. or Selaginella sp., using the following key. (Both may apply to some characteristics listed.)
L = Lycopodium S = Selaginella
They have rhizomes that branch horizontally, producing aerial stems and underground roots.
Their leaves have a ligule, or tongue, on the upper surface.
They are heterosporus
They are homosporus.
They have strobili.
They have simple, scalelike leaves on branching stems from which roots arise.
They are known as ground pine.
They are known as spike moss.
nionger dars for many things, Based on the name "scouring rush," what quality best

Answers

Answer:

They have rhizomes that branch horizontally, producing aerial stems and underground roots.  L

Their leaves have a ligule, or tongue, on the upper surface. S

They are heterosporus  S

They are homosporus L

They have strobili.  S L

They have simple, scalelike leaves on branching stems from which roots arise.  S

They are known as ground pine.  L

They are known as spike moss.  S

Explanation:

Lycopodium is known as as ground pine, and is a genus of clubmosses. They are homosporus, because they produce only one type of sporangia, while Selaginella are heterosporus, because they produce microspores and megaspores, and they are known as spike moss. Both of them, lycopodium and selaginella can have strobili.

Using specific examples, discuss the roles of negative and positive feedback processes that maintain homeostasis.

Answers

Answer:

Homeostasis typically involves negative feedback loops that counteract changes of various properties from their target values, known as set points. In contrast to negative feedback loops, positive feedback loops amplify their initiating stimuli, in other words, they move the system away from its starting state.

You classified organisms based on anatomical structure and development. Scientists also use DNA to classify organisms. Considering the basic process of evolution, why do you think it’s important to also consider DNA and gene patterns during the classification of organisms?

Answers

Answer:

By studying genetics and DNA, we can get the best idea of how species are related to each other, and therefore how to classify them. The genetic code of a species is not fixed, however. It changes over time! This is why we also need to factor in evolution.

It is important to also consider DNA and gene patterns during the classification of organisms because,

Through genetics and DNA study, we can get the idea of how species are related to each other and how to classify them. The genetic code of a species is not fixed. So, it need in evolution.

How organism classified ?The organism classified on the basis of shared characteristics.The classification of living organism includes seven levels, kingdom, phylum, classes, order, families, genus and species.

What is evolution?It is witness in the living species and change in heritable traits of biological population over successive generation.The process of development of complex organism from simpler one with time is called an evolution.

learn about gene,

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contrast primary growth and secondary growth

Answers

Answer:

There are contrast of the Primary growth and Secondary growth in many ways.

Explanation:

The Primary growth is to increase the length of that shoot and the root is referred to the primary growth.The primary growth act the way as shoot apical causing extension to the growth system into the root and ground they root are apical.The primary growth is the plant into that ground to contain water and nutrients that with the soil relation.The primary growth is that root can take different forms depends on the plant is Mono cot,the primary root replace by the stem after the plant germinates its called Adventitious root.The secondary growth is that performed to increase by the girth of the plant.Secondary growth is to produce the lateral cambiums that layer of tissue add to the plant growth.Secondary growth is that performed and support from the shoot system into the transporting  that water and nutrients.Secondary growth is to provide the cross section of the stem and the replace with newer layer, the layer of that growth bark.Secondary growth is to consist that bark remain that the narrow of band, it root is transformed.


Evidence without_______
increases its reliability.
a
bias
b
question
с
repetition
d
replication

Answers

Answer:

I'll say its B ) Question

Explanation:

because when your proving something with evidence then you start asking questions (or still have questions) makes it seem like you don't really know.

a special effects artist mixes two different liquids in a bowl. both liquids are white. when she heats the bowl, a new compound forms. will the new compound be a white liquid?

Answers

Answer:

if a special effects artist mixes two different liquids in a bowl and they both are too white !

after heats those liquids

its forms curd like substance

its either will be white, its can increase its colour as darkish white or lightly yellowishblack

when she heats the bowl, a new compound forms and it will be white before heating and after heating it may be white or other dark color.

What are the properties of a compound ?

A compound composed up of two or more elements which are chemically combined with a fixed proportion by their mass.

For example, Water, Sodium Chloride,  Ammonium Chloride etc.

They have fixed melting and  boiling points.

Formation of compound is a change in chemical reaction and the components of compound are mixed in a fixed proportion.

Two major types of compounds are covalent and ionic compounds.

Covalent compounds refers to formation of covalent bond among two nonmetals, like water or methane. These molecules are neutral and weak.

When metal react with non metal it form Ionic compounds, are held together by opposite charges, so the bond is stronger than covalent compound.

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assuming hardy weinberg equilibrium what is the probability that sarah who is phenotypically normal with no family history and tom

Answers

Answer:

The probability of having a disorder is 50 %.

Explanation:

The offspring has that genetic disorder if the Sarah who is phenotypically normal with no family history and tom has a genetic disorder so there is 50 percent chance that the children of Sarah and tom has that genetic disorder. if the disorder linked with Y chromosome of male so this disorder is present in the sons but if the disorder linked with X chromosome of male so this disorder is present in the daughters.

What do you mean by taxonomy?​

Answers

Answer:

The answer is below

Explanation:

Definition:

Taxonomy - The science of addressing, describing and classifying organisms (plants, animals and microorganisms of the world).

The four principal types of stress are __________.

A. frustration, conflict, pressure, and anxiety
B. frustration, conflict, pressure, and change
C. anger, anxiety, depression, and annoyance
D. frustration, conflict, depression, and annoyance

Answers

Answer:

A

Explanation:

frustration, conflict, pressure, and anxiety

The four principal types of stress are frustration, conflict, pressure, and anxiety.

What is Stress?

This is characterized by a feeling of emotional or physical tension in individuals.

There are four types of stress which are listed above thereby making option A the most appropriate choice.

Read more about Stress here https://brainly.com/question/11819849

Which of the following is an example of evolution?
A. Plants colonizing inland areas after developing vascular systems that can hold and transport water.
B. An organism developing immunity to a disease after surviving it.
C. A Chameleon changing color when entering a different environment.
D. An organism dying because it is not adapted to its habitat.

Answers

Answer: B

Explanation: because it adapt to its environment to survive

The development of an organ system like a vascular system over a long period of time in plants is an example of evolution. Thus option A is correct.

What is evolution?

Evolution is a series of events that have taken place in several years to make the species more advanced for the environment due to the introduction of multiple mutations in the genetic sequence.

During evolution, plants have gained the genetic mutation that codes for the vascular system which provide support and transports water in plants. So option A is correct.

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Do the spinal nerves include the sensory or motor neurons? Where do these neurons enter or exit the spinal cord?

Answers

Answer:

hd

Explanation:

The spinal nerves include the sensory or motor neurons sensory neuron → brain → motor neuron → muscles.

What are neurons?

Neurons are nerve cells that are specialized to process and transmit information. The brain then processes the information obtained from the sensory neuron and sends another signal trough the motor neuron carrying the message to the muscle.

The spinal cord acts as a nerve center between the brain and the rest of our body and it contains motor neurons that transmits nerve signals from the motor cortex to the body, and the spinal cord also receives all of the sensory information from the periphery of our bodies.

Motor neurons are also known as efferent neurons, they are part of the central nervous system that transmit impulses from the brain or spinal cord to the effector organ (muscles or glands).

Therefore, The spinal nerves include the sensory or motor neurons sensory neuron → brain → motor neuron → muscles.

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Sequence three probable steps of fossil fish formation?

Answers

Answer:

鱼类和鱼形动物的区别主要在于口与鳃结构的基本不同

Explanation:

Which of the following is not a function of the digestive system? Select one: A. mechanical processing B. absorption C. secretion D. ingestion E. filtration

Answers

Answer: option E.

Filtration.

Explanation:

Digestive system consist of the gastrointestinal tracts, organs that help to breakdown large complex consumed food into to small pieces which can easily be absorbed by the body.

Filtration is not a function of digestive system because it play a major role in circulatory system which help in movement of solutes out of the capillary into interstitial fluid by separating the bigger particles from the smaller particles, filtering out nitrogenous waste and regulating salt concentration .

If a mother is affected by an X-linked dominant condition and the father is not, which children can inherit the condition?
only males
neither males nor females
both males and females
only females

Answers

Answer:

both males and females

Explanation:

The sex chromosomes in male and female humans are X and Y chromosomes. X-linked traits are those traits which are associated with the X- chromosome.

According to the question, the trait is passed on a X-linked dominant condition, which means that the possession or not of the condition is dependent on the presence of the dominant X-chromosome. The dominant X-chromosome will always express itself even when in an heterozygous state with a normal X-chromosome i.e Xx. Hence, only a individual recessive for the X-chromosome will be normal.

A mother that is affected by the X-dominant condition will either possess a; XX or Xx genotype while a father that is normal (not affected) will possess a (xY) genotype. Since the mother passes one of her X chromosomes to her sons and the other to her daughters, both male and female children will be affected by the condition.

N.B: If the mother is heterozygous for the affected X-chromosome (Xx), half of her sons and half of her daughters will inherit the condition but if the mother contains two dominant X-chromosomes (XX), all of her sons and daughters will inherit the condition.

Enzymes are protein molecules which are made up of long chains of

Answers

They are made up of amino acids

What. Is black i will mark as brinelist ​

Answers

Just black?
Well it’s a colour which results from the absence of visible light. In technical sense black and white aren’t colour, but shades however, many people disagree since you combine other pigments to get black. Black is also associated with darkness, evil, despair and night (if it’s Literature related). It’s the darkest shade and it’s an achromatic colour.

simple. black. Is a color and it is dark

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The management of a department store is interested in estimating the difference between the mean credit purchases of customers using the store's credit card versus those customers using a national major credit card. You are given the following information. Store's Card Major Credit CardSample size 64 49Sample mean $140 $125Population standard deviation $10 $8A point estimate for the difference between the means is:________a. 18b. 265c. 15d. 2 The receipt of dividends and interest from abroad as a result of ownership of foreign assets by a country's residents is recorded as what:____________. You have an application that for legal reasons must be hosted in the United States when U.S. citizens access it. The application must be hosted in the European Union when citizens of the EU access it. For all other citizens of the world, the application must be hosted in Sydney. Which routing policy should you choose in order to achieve this hey , would you like to talk? Primary epics follow what type of writing form?O TightO LooseO FormalStrict