The probability that the daughter of a woman with a dominant disease-causing allele on one X chromosome and a normal male will be affected with the disorder is 50%.
Men and women have different chances of passing on X-linked dominant conditions since men only have one X and one Y chromosomes, whereas women have two X chromosomes. All of a man's sons inherit his Y chromosome, and all of his daughters inherit his X chromosome. As a result, only his daughters will be afflicted if a man has an X-linked dominant ailment; his sons will not be affected. Each child of a woman inherits either one or the other of her X chromosomes. With each pregnancy, a woman who carries an X-linked dominant disorder on one of the X chromosomes has a 50% chance of giving birth to a child who carries the disorder be it boy or girl.Hence, the probability that the daughter of a woman with a dominant disease-causing allele on one X chromosome and a normal male will be affected with the disorder will be 50%.learn more about X linked dominant condition here: https://brainly.com/question/20584746
#SPJ4
The probability that the daughter of a woman with a dominant disease-causing allele on one X chromosome and a normal male will be affected with the disorder is 50%.
What are chromosomes and what do they do?Chromosomes are the thin, threadlike components of both plant and animal cell nuclei. They consist of one molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid and one protein (DNA). The chromosomes are in charge of holding the instructions that give the kids their own identity while also displaying qualities from the parents when the genetic material is passed from parents to the child.
A chromosome's functionThe genetic information and a large number of the proteins necessary for its expression are both stored on the chromosome. The frequency and type of gene translation into proteins are controlled by their intricate form and structure. Generating organisms is accomplished by a process known as gene expression. How often a gene is expressed depends on how tightly packed the chromosome is at a certain place. Less actively transcribed genes will be clustered more closely together than actively transcribed genes, as can be seen in the chromosome structure image below. When these proteins are activated or deactivated, the chromosome can constrict or extend, which is how many cellular molecules that control genes and transcription function. Every protein is turned on during cell division.
Learn more about Chromosome here:-
https://brainly.com/question/8253366
#SPJ1
what are biomolecules
(*´ω`*)
Explanation:
Definition: A biomolecule is a chemical compound found in living organisms. These include chemicals that are composed of mainly carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus. Biomolecules are the building blocks of life and perform important functions in living organisms
Pancreatic amylase catalyzes the breakdown of oligosaccharides to disaccharides with the addition of water. What classification of enzymes would amylase be in
Why do you think that there are so many different ways for the body to fight off infection and invasion by foreign or disease causing particles
Stubble bristles (Sb) is dominant to wildtype bristles (Sb+) in Drosophila melanogaster. In a population where there are 137 flies with wildtype bristles and 836 flies with stubble bristles, what are the allele frequencies for the Sb and Sb+ alleles (assuming the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium)? Please calculated your answers to 3 decimal places.
f(Sb)=
f(Sb+)=
If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what proportion of the population would you expect to be heterozygous?
Populations in H-W equilibrium have the same allelic and genotypic frequencies generation after generation. f(Sb) = p = 0.626. f(Sb+) = q = 0.374. F(SbSb+) = 2pq = 0.468
What is Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium?
The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a theory that states that, assuming a diallelic gene,
⇒ The allelic frequencies in a locus are represented as p and q.
• The frequency of the dominant allele p(X) is p
• The frequency of the recessive allele p(x) is q
⇒ The genotypic frequencies after one generation are
• p² (Homozygous dominant genotypic frequency),
• 2pq (Heterozygous genotypic frequency),
• q² (Homozygous recessive genotypic frequency).
Allelic and genotypic frequencies remain the same through generations in a population that is in H-W equilibrium.
The addition of the allelic frequencies equals 1
p + q = 1.
The sum of genotypic frequencies equals 1
p² + 2pq + q² = 1
In the exposed example,
Sb is dominantSb+ is recessive ⇒ wild typePopulation size ⇒ 137 + 836 = 973Individuals with wildtype bristles ⇒ 137 ⇒ Sb+Sb+Individuals with stubble bristles ⇒ 836 ⇒ SbSb and SbSb+First, we will get the frequencies.
To do it, we will use the number of individuals. These values will tell us about phenotypic frequencies,
Phenotypic frequency
F(wildtype) = q² = 137/973 = 0.14F(stubble) = p² + 2pq = 836/973 = 0.86Now, we will use the frequency of the recessive phenotype to get its genotypic and allelic frequencies.
F(Sb+Sb+) = q² = 137/973 = 0.14 ⇒ Recessive Genotypic frequency
f(Sb+) = q = √0.14 = 0.374 ⇒ Recessive Allelic frequency
Now, Since this population is in H-W equilibrium, we will use q (recessive allelic frequency) to get the dominant allelic frequency and the dominant genotypic frequency. To do it, we will clear the following equation,
p + q = 1
p + 0.374 = 1
p = 1 - 0.374
p = 0.626 ⇒ Dominant Allelic frequency
F( SbSb) = p² = 0.626² = 0.392 ⇒ Dominant Genotypic frequency
Finally, we will get the heterozygous frequency. There are two options,
To susbtract the dominant genotypic frequency to the dominant phenotpic frequency,F(SbSb + SbSb+) - F(SbSb) = 0.86 - 0.392 = 0.468
To clear the following equation,p² + 2pq + q² = 1
0.392 + 2pq + 0.14 = 1
2pq = 1 - 0.392 - 0.14
2pq = 0.468
Answers:
- f(Sb) = p = 0.626 ⇒ Dominant Allelic frequency
- f(Sb+) = q = 0.374 ⇒ Recessive Allelic frequency
- F(SbSb+) = 2pq = 0.468 ⇒ Heterozygous frequency
You can learn more about Hardy Weinberg equilibrium at
https://brainly.com/question/16823644
#SPJ1
Due to having partly filled d-orbitals ___ metals usually show variable valency.
Answer:
Due to having partly filled d-orbitals transition metals usually show variable valency.
Explanation:
Between the (n-1)d and ns subshells, there is relatively little energy difference. (n-1)d and ns electrons can be found in transition metals.
Transition metals can instantly obtain half-filled and completely filled stable structures after losing a few s and d electrons.
They could have several of these oxidation states.
Since the creation of chemical bonds involves both (n-1) d and ns.
What are transition metals?Transitional elements are those belonging to groupings 3 through 12. (or III B to VIII). The term "Transition Metals" refers to a group of 38 elements. Contrary to the majority of Alkali Metals, Alkaline Earth Metals, Non-Metals, Halogens, Metalloids, Lanthanides, and Actinides, Transition Metals are colored both in their compounds and in their pure state. This is due to the crystal structure of the compounds created by the transition metals, which allows them to absorb a certain frequency (color) of visible light and produce a complementary color in return (frequency). Keep in mind that on the color wheel, the complementary color is the one that is opposite to the absorbed color.
Let's say we use crystals of ammonium dichromate (NH4)2Cr2O7 (there is a Chromium atom in one molecule of the compound). Because the molecules in the complex absorb blue light and reflect the complementary color, it appears orange to us (in this case, Orange). Because organic substances absorb light from beyond the visible light spectrum and then simultaneously reflect all of the visible light, we see them as being white or colorless.
The Transition elements are:
ScandiumTitaniumVanadiumChromiumManganeseIronCobaltNickelCopperZincYttriumZirconiumNiobiumMolybdenumTechnetiumRutheniumRhodiumPalladiumSilverCadmiumHafniumTantalumTungestnRheniumOsmiumIridiumPlatinumGoldMercuryRutherfordiumDubniumSeaborgiumBohriumHassiumMeitneriumDarmstadtiumRoentgeniumCoperniciumThat’s it.
What amino acid sequence does the following dna nucleotide sequence specify? 3′−tacagaacggta−5′.
The amino acid sequence for the following DNA sequence is Met-Ser-Cys-His.
What is transcription and translation?
Transcription is the process of conversion of genetic information carried by the DNA into messenger RNA (mRNA).
Sense strand of DNA is the one which runs in 5’ to 3’ direction and carries the information while antisense strand runs in 3’ to 5’ direction and serves as a template.E.g.: Antisense strand 3′−TACAGAACGGTA−5′mRNA sequence 5’−ATGTCTTGCCAT−3’
Translation is the process of conversion of information carried by the mRNA into an amino acid sequence.
The genetic code is read as a sequence of 3 nucleotides together at a time and is called codon.For example: 'ATG' is a start codon coding for methionine.Here, mRNA sequence 5’−ATGTCTTGCCAT−3’
Amino acid sequence: Met-Ser-Cys-His
Learn more about genetic code here:
https://brainly.com/question/16914106
#SPJ1
Why is the nitrogen cycle important?
Answer:
It's very important because it helps in converting inert nitrogen gas into a usable form for the plants through the biochemical process. In the process of ammonification, the bacteria help in decomposing the animal and plant matter, which indirectly helps to clean up the environment.
Explanation:
Answer:
The nitrogen cycle is a biogeochemical process in which nitrogen, in various forms, is circulated from the atmosphere to the living organisms and later back to the atmosphere. Living organisms require nitrogen for the synthesis of nucleic acid and proteins. The atmosphere contains almost 78% of the nitrogen in an inert form (N2). Living organisms cannot use this nitrogen unless it is converted to ammonia, nitrates, and other usable compounds of nitrogen.
The nitrogen cycle is a cyclic process where the nitrogen travels from the inorganic form in the atmosphere to the organic way in the living organisms. The nitrogen cycle contains several steps, including nitrogen fixation, assimilation, ammonification, nitrification, and denitrification. This cycle is essential in maintaining a proper ecological balance and is present in both marine and terrestrial ecosystems.
In the study of Gigord and colleagues using Elderflower orchids, the allele frequencies of yellow and purple flowers varied such that when the yellow allele started to become rare, the reproductive success of purple flowers decreased and the reproductive success of yellow-flowered individuals increased in a process known as _
In the study of Gigord and colleagues using Elderflower orchids, the allele frequencies of yellow and purple flowers varied such that when the yellow allele started to become rare, the reproductive success of purple flowers decreased and the reproductive success of yellow-flowered individuals increased in a process known as frequency-dependent selection.
Frequency-dependent selection is an evolutionary process in which the fitness of a phenotype or genotype is dependent on the frequency of that phenotype or genotype in a particular population.
Positive frequency-dependent selection raises the fitness of a phenotype or genotype as it becomes more prevalent.In the case of negative frequency-dependent selection, the fitness of an increasingly prevalent phenotype or genotype diminishes.In a broader sense, frequency-dependent selection involves biological interactions that make the fitness of an individual dependent on the frequencies of other genotypes or phenotypes within the population.
Learn more about the frequency-dependent selection here :
https://brainly.com/question/14630940
#SPJ4
Crayfish have a body cavity completely lined with tissue derived from mesoderm tissue. This makes them
Answer: this makes them coelomates
The best way to prevent ________ is to thoroughly cook eggs, chicken, and other foods to kill the bacterium.
The best way to prevent food poisoning is to thoroughly cook eggs, chicken, and other foods to kill the microorganisms.
What is food poisoning?Food poisoning is defined as the contamination of food by disease causing microorganisms which can affect the well being of an individual.
In order to prevent this from happening, the food should be:
Thoroughly preheated,Thoroughly cooked andAnd washed before eating.Learn more about food poisoning here;
https://brainly.com/question/17919656
#SPJ1
What is the product of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis used for?
to synthesize glucose
to synthesize glucose
to absorb sunlight
to absorb sunlight
to generate ATP
to generate , A T P
to break down glucose
The product of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis is used to generate ATP
The chloroplasts' thylakoid membrane experiences a light reaction. Both cyclic and noncyclic photophosphorylation is involved. During the photochemical phase of photosynthesis, photophosphorylation is the process of producing ATP from ADP and H3PO4 in the presence of light and chlorophyll-a.
ATP is created during cyclic photophosphorylation, and ATP and NADPH2 are produced during non-cyclic photophosphorylation. As water is photolyzed, oxygen is also created.
Therefore, ATP, NADPH2, and O2 are the byproducts of the light process.
By releasing its phosphate groups, the coenzyme ATP helps enzymes like ATP triphosphatase transmit energy to cells.
Therefore, ATP is frequently referred to as the "energy currency of the cell" by biologists. From a biological standpoint, ATP is made up of three parts.
To learn more about ATP please visit -
https://brainly.com/question/174043
#SPJ1
The leverage of the biceps brachii applies its force six times closer to the fulcrum (elbow joint) than the resistance. this means it will need to exert ________ kg of force to support a load of 6 kg.
The leverage of the biceps brachii applies its force six times closer to the fulcrum (elbow joint) than the resistance. this means it will need to exert 36 kg of force to support a load of 6 kg.
The triceps brachii (TB) is the only muscle that lies along the posterior humerus. It is a 3-headed, fusiform muscle that, on the shoulder, works in a third-elegance lever since the force is implemented among the joint axis and the weight.
Within the elbow joint, the triceps brachii muscle attaches to the olecranon method of the ulna posterior to the elbow joint. While the triceps contract, it pulls the olecranon procedure proximally, swinging the ulna distally and lengthening the forearm.
Learn more about fulcrum here: https://brainly.com/question/9467197
#SPJ4
The concentration of cholesterol (C27H46O) in blood is approximately 5.0mM. How many grams of cholesterol are in 315mL of blood
The weight of cholesterol is 0.6 g.
Here use the concept of molarity.
What is molarity?
The amount of a substance in a specific volume of solution is known as its molarity (M). The moles of a solute per liter of a solution is known as molarity.
Molarity = no. of moles/volume (in L)
Calculation:Given,
Molarity, M = 5.0 mM = 5 × 10⁻³ M
Volume, V = 315 mL = 315 × 10⁻³ L
To calculate,
Weight of cholesterol =?
We know that,
Molecular mass of cholesterol, C₂₇H₄₆O = 386
No. of moles = weight/ molecular mass
The formula is modified as,
Molarity = weight of cholesterol/ (molecular mass) (Volume)
Put the values in the formula,
5 × 10⁻³ = weight of cholesterol/ (386) (315 × 10⁻³)
Weight of cholesterol = 5 × 10⁻³ (386) (315 × 10⁻³)
= 0.6 g
Hence, the weight of cholesterol is 0.6 g.
Learn more about molarity here:
https://brainly.com/question/13386686
#SPJ4
Any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that require energy to be used is called __________
Body movement produced by skeletal muscles that require the use of energy is referred to as physical activity.
What is Physical activity?This involves the movement of the skeletal muscles when performing different actions in our day to day activities.
It requires the use of energy to fuel the process which is the main reason why calorie intake is vital in every individual.
Read more about Physical activity here https://brainly.com/question/1744272
#SPJ1
What is the stage of cell division in a diploid organism if you see seven chromosomes, each consisting of a pair of sister chromatids
Answer:
Metaphase is the stage of cell division in a diploid organism if we see seven chromosomes, each consisting of a pair of sister chromatids.
Hope its helpful!
Meiosis II prophase is the stage of cell division in a diploid organism, each consisting of a pair of sister chromatids
There are four crucial processes that take place during prophase II of meiosis II. These include chromatin condensation into chromosomes, thinning of the nuclear envelope, centrosome movement to either pole and re-building of the spindle apparatus. Centrosomes do not exist in every cell, though.
Both of the daughter cells that were created during meiosis I go through meiosis II. The process of cell division starts right away because DNA replication does not occur during this second meiotic stage. Prophase II sets up the cell for meiosis II, which results in the production of four haploid cells, each of which has half the genetic material that was previously present in the original, duplicated diploid cell.
To learn more about Meiosis II please visit-
https://brainly.com/question/772396
#SPJ4
Suppose a mouse develops loss of sodium pump activity in the thick ascending limb of the loop of henle in all of the nephrons in both kidneys. What problem would you expect this mouse to have?.
The problem that we would expect this mouse to have is a tendency to drink more water than normal accompanied by excretion of dilute urine.
What is Sodium Potassium pump?The sodium-potassium pump is a protein that has been found in many cells and is responsible for keeping the internal concentration of sodium ions [Na+] lower than that of the surrounding medium (blood, body fluid, or water) and the internal concentration of potassium ions [K+] higher than that of the surrounding medium (blood, body fluid, or water). The adenosine-triphosphatase (ATPase)-active pump travels across the cell membrane and is triggered by both internal and external [K+] and [Na+].
To learn more about Sodium potassium pump with the help of the given link:
https://brainly.com/question/15729477
#SPJ4
Which statement is true concerning the skeletal system?
There are 600 bones in the human body.
Bile is produced in the bone marrow.
Bones protect vital organs.
Carbohydrates are stored in the bones.
The smallest bone is found in the foot.
Answer:
bones protect vital organs
Explanation:
there are approx 200+ bones only on average, hence the first is out
bike is produced in the bike duct which acts to break down fats into simpler substance for the body to intake
red blood cells are produced and stored in the bones and not carbohydrates
the smallest bone is found in your ear, hence the last one is out
Individuals displaying symptoms of pain in their arms and legs, fatigue and diffuse joint and bone pain are suffering from a chronic condition known as?
Fibromyalgia syndrome.
Fibromyalgia is the second most common condition affecting your bones and muscles.
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a common rheumatoid disorder of the muscles and bones that does not involve the joints. FMS causes pain and fatigue, and people with FMS feel as if their muscles have been pulled or overworked. The condition is often misdiagnosed and misunderstood.
But it does not cause elevated inflammation levels in the bloodstream. It does not cause joint damage and is not organ-threatening. Fibromyalgia is often triggered by a stressful event, including physical stress or emotional (psychological) stress. Possible triggers for the condition include: an injury or a viral infection.
To learn more about rheumatoid here
https://brainly.com/question/14131904
#SPJ4
Evaluation of Endoscopic Iliopsoas Tenotomy for Treatment of Iliopsoas Impingement after Total Hip Arthroplasty. Journal of Arthroplasty
Anatomically, the iliopsoas, a deep muscle group, joins the spine to the lower limbs.
Abstract:Background:
Up to 4.3 percent of patients who have total hip arthroplasty (THA) experience functional groin pain due to iliopsoas impingement. Historically, surgical treatments have included acetabulum revision or open iliopsoas tenotomies. In order to assess the effectiveness and hazards of endoscopic iliopsoas tenotomy for iliopsoas impingement following THA, we provide a sizable single surgeon series of patient cases.
Methods:
The endoscopic iliopsoas tenotomy performed on a sequential series of 60 patients with iliopsoas impingement following THA was retrospectively assessed. Complications, changes in Hip Outcome Score (HOS), and pain relief were all evaluated as outcomes. A musculoskeletal radiologist examined the radiographs to assess component placement and to contrast with a control cohort.
Results:
93.3 percent of patients reported pain relief at the most recent follow-up (mean 5.5 months). The mean of the HOS activities of daily living (ADL) subscale was 57.5 before surgery (range: 10.9-89.3, SD: 18.8), and it was 71.6 after surgery (range: 14.1-100, SD: 26.1) (P =.005). Preoperatively, the HOS sports subscale had a mean of 37.3 (range 0-83.3, SD 24.0), and postoperatively, it had a mean of 58.1 (range 0-100, SD 33.2) (P =.002). A postoperative hematoma that was treated conservatively was the only documented consequence. Iliopsoas symptoms following THA in this series were linked to body mass index and greater offset.
Conclusion:
Endoscopic iliopsoas tenotomy following THA had a low rate of complications, a 93.3 percent pain remission rate, and clinically significant improvements in HOS. Patients who have iliopsoas impingement after THA should be treated with endoscopic tenotomy.
Learn more about iliopsoas here:
https://brainly.com/question/7142509
#SPJ4
What type of cross is a mating between two individuals that are both heterozygous for the same two genes? multiple choice question.
Dihybrid cross ,the alleles used to form the zygote were the same. A mating experiment between two organism that are identically hybrid for two traits. Hetrozygous individuals ,used two different alleles to form the zygote.
Its a cross between two individuals with two observed traits that controlled by two different genes. This idea was developed by Gregor Mendal when he study on pea plants that were yellow or green and either round or wrinkled.
Dihybrid cross genotypic ratio is 1:2:1. Third cross of two heterozygous parents and phenpotypic ratio is 9:3:3:1. It is class Mendelian ratio for a dihybrid cross in which alleles of different genes are independently into gametes.
To learn more about Dihybrid cross here
https://brainly.com/question/1185199
#SPJ4
The _____ system transports nutrients and oxygen to the cells and takes carbon dioxide and waste products to the lungs and kidneys for elimination.
The circulatory system transports nutrients and oxygen to the cells and takes carbon dioxide and waste products to the lungs and kidneys for elimination.
How does the circulatory system work?The circulatory system transports nutrients and oxygen to all the cells of the body. Circulatory system consists of the heart and the blood vessels (arteries and veins) which are present throughout the body and deliver nutrients and oxygen. The arteries work to carry the blood away from the heart while the veins carry it back to the heart. The network of blood vessels is just like a tree with branches.The heartbeats control the blood circulation.Blood flows from the atria to the ventricles from where it gets distributed to other organs.The brief pathway of blood through heart is as follows: different organs of the body > inferior/superior vena cava > right atrium > right ventricle > pulmonary arteries > lungs > pulmonary veins > left atrium > left ventricle > aorta > body cellsLearn more about circulatory system here:
https://brainly.com/question/3597250
#SPJ4
What would happen to a cell exposed to the toxins in tobacco smoke if it had the right receptors to respond?
If a cell exposed to the toxins in tobacco smoke if it had the right receptors to respond, It would activate or inactivate an enzyme.
Many studies have been undertaken to reveal how tobacco smoke skews immune responses contributing to the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and other lung diseases.
Cigarette smoking induces the activity of human cytochromes P450 (CYP) 1A2 and 2B6. These enzymes metabolize several clinically important drugs.
The drugs metabolized by CYP1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2E1 and UGT enzymes might be affected by tobacco smoking and enzymes, may need higher doses due to decreased plasma concentrations.
To learn more about tobacco toxin effect on enzymes, here
brainly.com/question/1731663
#SPJ4
Molecules that absorb light energy are called
Molecules that absorb light energy are called pigment.
What is pigment?A chemical that can be found in animal or plant tissue and gives off a distinctive color, such hemoglobin in red blood or chlorophyll in green plants. any chemical that adds color.Chlorophylls are plant pigments that give plants their characteristic green hue. They are also the molecules in charge of the photosynthesis process, which converts light energy into chemical energy. Chlorophylls aid in blood oxygenation and thus aid in the body's detoxification.Chemical compounds known as pigments display visible light wavelengths, giving them their colorful appearance. A certain form of pigment is present in plants, flowers, algae, some photosynthetic bacteria, and even the skin of animals. This pigment provides color and has the capacity to absorb some wavelengths.
Learn more about pigment here:
https://brainly.com/question/1056549
#SPJ1
One evidence supporting punctuated equilibrium?
Answer: it indicated macroevolution will typically involve cladogenesis, rather than anagenetic modification of populations
Explanation:
There are more hydrogen atoms in living organisms than any other atom, but oxygen is more abundant in terms of mass.
Why is this statement true?
A researcher collects what appears to be a new species in a freshwater stream. Microscopic analysis shows the presence of chloroplasts, mitochondria, a defined nucleus, and a cellulose-based cell wall. Individual cells cluster to form colonies, but the colony lacks any true tissue or organ formations. This new species most likely belongs in which of the following kingdoms
According to the research, this new species most likely belongs to the Protista kingdom since it has a defined nucleus.
What is the Protista kingdom?They are unicellular or multicellular microorganisms that, for the most part, feed autotrophically, and that, on the other hand, cannot be included in the remaining three kingdoms of eukaryotes.
It can be both autotrophic and heterotrophic by photosynthesis, although many of them combine both forms of nutrition and have chloroplasts, mitochondria, a defined nucleus, among other structures.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, this new species most likely belongs to the Protista kingdom since it has a defined nucleus.
Learn more about Protista kingdom here: https://brainly.com/question/925018
#SPJ1
The least movable joints are _____________ joints.
Answer:
fibrous joints is the answer ..
hope it helps...
Our actual respiratory capacity is ____________________ as much as our 'normal' breathing.
Our actual respiratory capacity is 12- 20 breaths per minute as much as our 'normal' breathing.
Normal respiration rates for an adult person at rest range from 12 to 16 breaths per minute. Respiration rate is measured as the number of complete breaths counted in 30 seconds. The respiration rate in females is generally faster than in males. One breath equals one inhalation and one exhalation. The respiration rate is measured as the number of complete breaths counted in 1 minute.
Respiration rate depends on fundamental vital sign that is sensitive to different health conditions for example adverse cardiac events, pneumonia, and clinical deterioration .other factors include emotional stress, cognitive load, heat, cold, and exercise-induced fatigue.
To learn more about Respiration ,here
https://brainly.com/question/12605249
#SPJ4
Innovations that target NEW markets and represent a major break from existing technologies or ways of thinking, such as the digital camera, the touch-screen smart phone, or the decoding of the human genome, are examples of ______ innovations.
Innovations that target NEW markets and represent a major break from existing technologies or ways of thinking, such as the digital camera, the touch-screen smartphone, or the decoding of the human genome, are examples of Radical innovations.
What is radical innovation?
An invention that completely alters or replaces an existing business paradigm is considered radical innovation. Radical innovation, as opposed to architectural or incremental innovation, destroys the current system or process and replaces it with something wholly new.
Examples of radical innovation include the iPhone, which helped to create the present smartphone market, and the integration of sensor technology into farming equipment to provide farmers data they may use to change the farming sector.
Learn more about radical innovation here:
https://brainly.com/question/14298323
#SPJ4
Interestingly, experiments have shown that PALA can act as both an activator and an inhibitor of ATCase activity. Specifically, PALA acts as an activator at low concentrations and an inhibitor at high concentrations. Propose an explanation for this observation.
A Final statement or concluding statement PALA may activate ATCase at low Asp concentrations and saturating CP concentrations .
According to the Statement:
Instead of activation, inhibition occurs when PALA or Asp concentrations are high. The activation generated by low concentrations of PALA can be explained by the MWC model. The majority of the population of the enzyme does not transition to the R state at low Asp concentrations because the Asp concentration is insufficient to encourage this transition. As a result, the majority of the enzyme population is in the low-activity, low-affinity T state.
On the other hand, PALA binding, because of the way its structure resembles the transition state structure of the process, is able to keep the enzyme in the high-activity, high-affinity R state.
As a result, activity increases at low concentrations of PALA; but, as PALA concentration rises, more and more of the active sites are replaced by the non-hydrolyzable bisubstrate analog, and activity falls. At high Asp concentrations and a saturating CP concentration, PALA activation is not seen.
PALA binding just blocks the active site to which it binds and reduces activity because the enzyme population is already in the R state under these circumstances.
To learn more about ATCase visit:
https://brainly.com/question/13063784
#SPJ4
A Final statement or concluding statement PALA may activate ATCase at low Asp concentrations and saturating CP concentrations .
However, increasing the concentration of PALA or Asp results in inhibition rather than activation. The MWC model can explain the activation caused by low amounts of PALA.
Because the Asp concentration is inadequate to promote the transition to the R state for the majority of the enzyme population at low Asp concentrations, the enzyme remains mostly in the low-activity, low-affinity T state. PALA binding, on the other hand, is able to maintain the enzyme in the high-activity, high-affinity R state because its structure mirrors the transition state structure of the process.
The concerted shift to the R state frees up the majority of active sites, allowing them to react with substrates and produce products, while a minority of active sites bound with PALA are inactive yet keep the enzyme in the R state.
As a result, activity rises at low PALA concentrations; but, as PALA concentration increases, more and more of the active sites are replaced by the non-hydrolyzable bisubstrate analog, and activity decreases. PALA activation is not detected at high Asp concentrations and a saturating concentration of CP.
Because the enzyme population is already in the R state under these conditions, PALA binding merely blocks the active site to which it binds and decreases activity.
To learn more about ATCase from the given link
https://brainly.com/question/13527873
#SPJ4