The small intestine assists the digestive system with the absorption of dietary.
What is the digestive system?The digestive system simply refers to the system of the body that breaks nutrients into parts small enough for your body to absorb and use for energy, growth, and cell repair. In order words, digestive system helps in the digestion of food substances.
Small intestine is the upper part of the intestine, between the stomach and the large intestine, divided into;
duodenum,jejunum,ileum.Large intestine is the second to last part of the digestive system, comprising the
cecum and colon.So therefore, the small intestine assists the digestive system with the absorption of dietary
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Folate deficiency impairs DNA synthesis, so the nuclei of immature red blood cells are unable to divide and the cells grow larger than normal. This condition is called ______ anemi
Folate deficiency impairs DNA synthesis, so the nuclei of immature red blood cells are unable to divide and the cells grow larger than normal. This condition is called macrocytic anemia.
What is folate deficiency anemia?The red blood cells in folate-deficiency anemia are excessively big. Macrocytes are this type of cell. When they are discovered in the bone marrow, they are also known as megaloblasts. This anemia is also known as megaloblastic anemia for this reason.When your body doesn't get enough folate, it develops a folate deficiency. Symptoms include fatigue, weakness, mouth sores, and neurological issues. A diet rich in folate-rich foods can help prevent folate insufficiency.Haemoglobin, a component of red blood cells, is used to transport oxygen throughout the body.Learn more about cell here:
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What is the most likely effect of a mutation that changes the repeat sequence found in terc from 3’-cccaau-5’ to 3’-ucaggacg-5’?.
If the repeat sequence of telomere changes from 3’-cccaau-5’ to 3’-ucaggacg-5’ due to any mutation in TERC gene then the telomerase enzyme will be unable to attach to the 3' overhung of the telomere sequence and cannot elongate new DNA strand [telomeric part]. As a result, the telomeres of chromosomes cannot be elongated and the entire chromosome or the cell will be lost after a few rounds of division.
Telomere: They are short repeating sequences found at the end of the chromosome whose function is to save the chromosomes from degradation. But after each round of replication, the length of the telomeres becomes shorter than the previous and after a certain number of cell divisions, the telomeres become so short that they trigger the cell to stop dividing or to self-destruct (undergo apoptosis).
So, to prevent the shortening of telomeres, the TERC gene codes a telomerase enzyme which is a type of reverse transcriptase made up of two components: an RNA part that is complementary to the repeated telomeric sequence and a protein part that can add the nucleotides to the 3' end of the telomere.
After every cell division, the telomerase enzyme gets attached to the 3' end of the shortened telomere end and synthesizes the complementary DNA to the RNA part of the enzyme until the length of the telomere is restored again.
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Explain how warm atmospheric conditions lead to severe storms.
The warm atmospheric conditions lead to severe storms is Thunderstorms
Layers of warm, moist air rise in a strong updraft to cooler areas of the atmosphere, whereupon thunderstorms form. At that location, the updraft's moisture condenses to create imposing cumulonimbus clouds and, eventually, precipitation.
Thunderstorm development requires three basic components: moisture, an unstable atmosphere, and a method to get the atmosphere moving. To create thunderstorm clouds and precipitation, moisture is required.
The warm air cools and condenses as it ascends, generating tiny water droplets. When there is sufficient instability in the atmosphere, warm air rises swiftly, and the water vapor condenses quickly to form cumulonimbus clouds. Usually, it takes less than an hour for these cumulonimbus clouds to form.
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The ability of lymphocytes to recognize and accept the body's own antigens as not foreign is called:
Answer:
Immune tolerance
Explanation:
Anything and everything which you may want to investigate can be determined by the scientific method.
a. True
b. False
False because scientific method is the process of objectively establishing facts through testing and experimentation. A scientific investigation is a plan for asking questions and testing possible answers. A scientific investigation typically begins with observations. Observations often lead to questions. A hypothesis is a possible logical answer to a scientific question, based on scientific knowledge.
Scientific method is important in an experiment because It provides an objective, standardized approach to conducting experiments and, in doing so, improves their results. Example of scientific investigation can be a plant experiment in which a student uses plants in identical pots, and determine the growth based on how much water, sunlight and how much fertilizer one plant gets .
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Select the statement that is TRUE regarding metabolism. In anabolism, polysaccharides are turned into monosaccharides. In catabolism, complex carbs, proteins and other molecules are disassembled. In catabolism, glucose is combined to form a complex carbohydrate. In anabolism, complex carbs, proteins and other molecules are disassembled.
The statement " In catabolism complex carbohydrates, proteins, and other molecules are disassembled" is true.
The process by which relatively big molecules in living cells are broken down or degraded or disassembled is known as catabolism.
These big molecules like complex polysaccharides, nucleic acids, proteins and some other molecules can be disassembled into smaller molecules like glucose, nucleotides, amino acids etc.
Anabolism is a group of metabolic processes that builds compounds from smaller building blocks.
In simpler form
Catabolism : Complex molecules ----Disassembled----> Simple molecules
Anabolism : Simpler molecules ------Combined-----> Complex molecules
Anabolism is a productive metabolism, whereas catabolism is destructive.
Therefore, catabolism provides the chemical energy required for cell upkeep and growth.
Hence, The statement " In catabolism complex carbohydrates, proteins, and other molecules are disassembled" is true.
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1) Based on your observations, what are the phenotype and genotype of the P1 plant? What did you deduce to be the genotype and phenotype of the P2?
2) Based on your observations, draw the Punnett square for the cross of the P1 and P2 parental plants.
Based on your observations, draw the Punnett square for the cross of the F1 plants.
Based on the Punnett square above, what is the percentage of offspring that are predicted to have purple stems and dwarf stem height? How did this compare to the results that you obtained in this lab?
Based on the Punnett square above, what is the percentage of offspring that are predicted to have non-purple stems and dwarf stem height? How did this compare to the results that you obtained in this lab?
Based on the Punnett square above, what is the percentage of offspring that are predicted to have purple stems and normal stem height? How did this compare to the results that you obtained in this lab?
Based on the Punnett square above, what is the percentage of offspring that are predicted to have non-purple stems and normal stem height? How did this compare to the results that you obtained in this lab?
Answer:
Explanation 2 because ishudbh
Researchers can genetically select lettuce crops to cultivate for pest resistance. One of the concerns scientists have about genetically selected crops is that some traits for pest resistance may affect the texture of lettuce.
One of the concerns regarding genetic selection is that some traits for pest resistance may affect the texture of lettuce, it is known as pleiotropic effects.
What is a pleiotropic effect?In genetics, a pleiotropic effect occurs when one gene influences the phenotypic expression of several traits.
Pleitropic effects represent a problem in breeding programs because positive selection for a trait can also produce negative selection for another trait.
In conclusion, one of the concerns regarding genetic selection is the presence of pleiotropic effects.
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What unique social interactions are used by spinner dolphins and pilot whales?
They use mutualism, echo-location to communicate.
It is a unique social interactions that are used by spinner dolphins and pilot whales. They spin as a social interaction, they start to hunt.
It is the mutualism, because create a bait ball of the fish they want to eat.
The spinner Dolphins ( Stenella longirostris ) commonly use inshore island and atoll habitats for daytime rest and social interactions and forage over deep waters at night. In Hawaii, they occur throughout the archipelago.
The pilot whales are in fact one of the largest members of the dolphin family, but they are treated as whales for the Marine Mammals Protection Regulations 1992. Although they are named pilot whales because it was thought that each pod followed a 'pilot' in the group.
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Involuntary nerves that stimulate the body in times of stress and crisis are __________ nerves.
When the ground position of a front moves so that warm air occupies territory that was previously held by cold air, what type of front is it?
When the ground position of a front moves so that warm air occupies territory that was previously held by cold air, It is knows a warm front.
The area where a warm air mass is replacing a cold air mass is known as a warm front. The air behind a warm front is warmer and more humid than the air in front of it. Warm fronts typically migrate from the southwest to the northeast.A warm front is a density discontinuity that is usually seen on the margin of an isotherm gradient that faces the equator and is situated at the leading edge of a homogenous warm air mass. Since warm air is thicker and more difficult to remove from the surface of the Earth than cold air, warm fronts move more slowly than the cold fronts that typically follow them.
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16,17The use of these established cell lines have been increasinly replaced with primary cell cultures given that the latter better represent the in vivo cancer cell behaviours.
A Final statement or concluding statement
Tumor cells have experienced a variety of genetic and epigenetic changes as compared to normal cells. Because these alterations frequently underpin cancer genesis, progression, and therapy resistance, the efficacy of model systems is dependent on their capacity to replicate the genetic abnormalities seen in original tumors.
Tumor-derived cell lines have long been utilized to explore the underlying biologic processes in cancer, as well as as screening platforms for identifying and assessing anticancer treatment effectiveness.
Following advancements in high-throughput technology and multigroup collaborative efforts, several -omic measurements across over a thousand cancer cell lines have been produced. These findings supplement large-scale worldwide cancer genomic sequencing initiatives to define patient malignancies, such as The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) (ICGC).
Individual data analysis or data integration methodologies will provide an increasing number of hypotheses to examine. Cancer cell lines will continue to be useful in this context and will play an important part in cancer biology research in the future.
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The filtrate formed by the nephrons in the kidney is NOT urine. The filtrate is first refined and concentrated by the processes of __________, which form the urine that leaves the body. (Choose all that apply)
The filtrate is first refined and concentrated by the processes of reabsorption and secretion, which form the urine that leaves the body.
Process of filtration in kidney:The glomerulus filters your blood, and the tubule restores necessary substances to your blood while removing waste. The glomerulus is nestled within a region of the kidney called the Bowman's Capsule. This is where filtration occurs. The high pressure causes some substances to pass through the capillary walls when blood is forced through the tiny capillaries. The walls serve as a filter or sieve. This is how the function of the nephron. A glomerulus filters your blood, while a tubule restores necessary substances to your circulation while removing extra waste. Each nephron has both of these functions.
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To date, which of these has been used largely in creating clones? Metabolic profiling RNA sequencing Protein mapping Recombinant DNA technology
RNA sequencing technology has been used largely in creating clones.
What is RNA sequencing?RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) makes use of high-throughput sequencing techniques to shed light on a cell's transcriptome.
Numerous RNA biology topics, such as single-cell gene expression, translation (the translatome), and RNA structure, can be studied using RNA-seq techniques (the structurome). Exciting new uses, such as spatial transcriptomics, are being investigated (spatialomics).
The steps in a typical RNA-sequencing experiment are as follows:Design experiment: Plan the experiment.Preparation of RNA. Purify and isolate the input RNA.Library preparation. Create cDNA from the RNA and add sequencing adapters.Sequence. cDNAs should be sequenced using a platform.Analysis.Learn more about RNA sequencing here:
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Traditionally, primate characteristics have been explained as the result of adaptation to _____ environments.
Traditionally, primate characteristics have been explained as the result of adaptation to arboreal environments.
What are primate adaptations?Because they are all descended from creatures that lived in trees, all primate species have adaptations for climbing. This arboreal heritage of primates has led to adaptations including, but not limited to: 1) a rotating shoulder joint; 2) a big toe that is widely separated from the other toes and thumbs, which are widely separated from fingers (except humans), which allow for grasping branches; and 3) stereoscopic vision, which consists of two overlapping fields of vision from the eyes and allows for the perception of depth and gauging distance.
Other traits of primates include larger brains than those of most other animals (greater brain/body ratio than similar-sized non-primates), claws that have evolved into flattened nails, the tendency to carry the body upright, and just one kid on average per pregnancy.
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The use of air pressure in the ear canal to test for disorders of the middle ear is known as ____________________. This procedure is used to detect fluid buildup in the middle ear.
The use of air pressure in the ear canal to test for disorders of the middle ear is known as tympanometry This procedure is used to detect fluid buildup in the middle ear.
What about ear surgery?Ossiculoplasty. If your middle ear's three tiny ossicles have been harmed by ear infections or other trauma, you may need to have an ossiculoplasty. General anesthesia is also used for this surgery. Bones from a donor can be used to replace missing ones, or prosthetics can be used.The softest, or least audible, sound that a person can hear is measured during a pure tone audiometry exam. Wearing earbuds allows you to hear a variety of sounds in one ear at a time while taking the test.A disorder known as otosclerosis causes abnormal bone development inside the ear. It's a rather typical reason why young individuals lose their hearing.Learn more about air pressure here:
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Relative to body size, primate brain size is Group of answer choices proportional to human brain size. larger among great apes than among other primates. smaller than in other large mammals. more or less the same in large and small primates.
Larger among great apes than among other primates.
Are human brains smaller than primates?Primates are organisms that have the largest size of the brain in relation to their body ratio. Even though gorillas and orangutans are primates that are at least as big as humans, their brains are only around one-third the size of humans'. This difference has been cited as proof that the human brain is around three times larger than what would be expected for a monkey species with a body similar to that of a human.
Primates, including humans, have by far the largest brains of any terrestrial mammal when compared their size. The neocortex, which accounts for more than 80% of the mass of the human brain, is where the enlargement is nearly entirely concentrated.
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Oxygen gas (o2) is an example of a/an __________. a. element b. mixture c. compound d. cell
Which of the samples are composed of matter? sound of a birdsong ice cubes in a glass warmth from a fire air inside a balloon clouds in the sky
Ice cubes in a glass samples are composed of matter. Matter is a physical object that you can hold.
What are the properties of matter ?Matter is defined as as the physical object with total mass occupied in space, as all the physical structures are derived from matter, present in three basic states such as solid, liquid, and gaseous states.
The basic unit of matter is called as atoms that make up the objects which can be visible and sensed, the amount of matter present in an object can be calculated by its mass.
The physical property of matter is not dependent on its chemical composition such as Density, color, hardness, melting and boiling points, and electrical conductivity are the examples.
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What neurotransmitter is released from the sympathetic preganglionic fiber?
a. epinephrine
b. sodium
c. dopamine
d. norepinephrine
e. acetylcholine
The neurotransmitters which is released from the sympathetic preganglionic fiber is acetylcholine
What are neurotransmitters?Neurotransmitters are those chemical substances which are released at the end of a nerve fibre by the arrival of a nerve impulse and by diffusing across the synapse or junction, they effects the transfer of the impulse to another nerve fibre
So few other examples of neurotransmitters are:
SerotoninDopamineGlutamateHistamineNorepinephrineSo therefore, the neurotransmitters which is released from the sympathetic preganglionic fiber is acetylcholine
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Why is it that intermediate filaments have identical ends and lack polarity, whereas actin filaments and microtubules have two distinct ends with a defined polarity
The three different types of filaments differ in terms of polarity due to their constituent parts, called soluble subunits.
What is intermediate filaments?The intermediate filament's subunits are elongated, not spherical, and they are linked together in an antipolar way. Because of this lack of polarity in the overall filament, no motor proteins can move along intermediate filaments. Only complex multicellular creatures contain intermediate filaments.Intermediate filaments are more durable and essentially serve as the cell's structural framework.Because the tubulin subunits that make up the microtubule are heterodimers of alpha and beta tubulin, the microtubule is structurally polar. The microtubule's lattice is completely polarized along its whole length, not just at its two ends.
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Which best describes alleles?
A. They are usually fundamental or modern.
B. They are usually physical or spiritual.
C. They are usually true or false.
D. They are usually dominant or recessive.
Answer:
D. they are usually dominant or recessive.
Explanation:
alleles are pairs of genes found on a particular spot a chromosome. If one is dominant over the other it give rise to a particular trait.
In a test-cross, an individual that exhibits a dominant trait but has an unknown genotype is mated with an individual that is homozygous recessive.
To assess if an organism expressing a dominant characteristic is homozygous or heterozygous, a test cross can be used.
Back crosses are made between F1 generation plants and any of the parent plants, whereas test cross is made between F1 generation plants with dominant phenotypes and the homozygous recessive parent.
The phenotypes of the children can be used to identify the unknown genotype. If combining the recessive phenotype individual with the unknown dominant phenotype (PP or Pp genotype) results in solely dominant phenotypes (no recessive), then the unknown individual is homozygous dominant.
No matter if you are examining one gene or several genes, test crosses work on the same principle: you are pairing a person with a dominant phenotype but an unknown genotype with a person who is homozygous recessive for all relevant genes.
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In a hardy-weinberg population with two alleles, a and a, that are in equilibrium, the frequency of the allele a is 0. 3. What is the frequency of individuals that are homozygous for this allele?.
Here, given-
homozygous alleles 'a' have a frequency of 0.3.
Also the alleles are in equilibrium in a Hardy-Weinberg population. The frequency of individuals that are homozygous for this allele are= 0.49.
The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can be defined as the principle which states that the variation in the genetic makeup of a population remains constant and unchanged till there are no external interferences, influencing the population.
Calculation-
[tex]p + q= 1\\0.3 + q= 1\\q= 1- 0.3\\q= 0.7\\[/tex]
Then to find the frequency of the individuals homozygous for this allele the following formula needs to be used-
[tex]p^{2} + 2pq + q^{2} = 1\\Here,\\p^{2}= dominant homozygous frequency\\2pq= heterozygous frequency\\q^{2}= recessive homozygous frequency\\[/tex]
Thus, the individuals homozygous for the allele can be calculated by-
[tex]q^{2} = (0.7)^{2} \\q^{2}= 0.49[/tex]
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Which process describes the passing of nutrient molecules from the digestive system into the blood? 1: absorption 2: chemical 3: elimination 4: mechanical ( i need the answer as fast as possible please!!)
Answer:
absorption
Explanation:
LDLs contain _______. LDLs contain _______. steroid hormones cholesterol protein cholesterol and protein cholesterol, protein and steroid hormones
The correct option is (c) LDL consists of cholesterol and protein.
One of the five main categories of lipoproteins, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), transports cholesterol throughout the body to the areas where it is required for cell repair and deposits it inside the artery walls. They need to be bound to proteins in order to pass through the hydrophilic blood.
The hydrophobic core of the LDL particle is made up of fatty acid esters of cholesterol, while the outer membrane is made up of unesterified cholesterol. The membrane contains a single copy of the hydrophobic apo-B protein, which facilitates the binding of LDL particles to particular cell-surface receptors.
Hence, LDL consists of cholesterol and protein.
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As mean arterial pressure increases, the ________, informing the medulla oblongata that blood pressure has indeed increased.
As mean arterial pressure increases, the frequency of action potentials from the baroreceptors increases, informing the medulla oblongata that blood pressure has indeed increased.
Special receptors called baroreceptors monitor variations in your blood pressure. The aorta and carotid sinus both contain significant baroreceptors. The walls of the arteries stretch when the blood pressure in the aorta or carotid sinus rises, stimulating an increase in baroreceptor activity.Action potentials are more quickly fired when baroreceptors are activated, with the speed being inversely correlated with the mechanical stretch.The brain interprets the information that the baroreceptors send as a rise in blood pressure. The blood vessels, heart, and kidneys are just a few of the bodily organs that get signals from the brain to lower blood pressure.learn more about baroreceptors here: https://brainly.com/question/8963123
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Record your observations of the roots of the bean and radish plants in the appropriate data chart. Be sure to include a sketch of each plant’s roots.
Data Chart: Bean Plant
Nodules present?
Number of nodules
Number of pink nodules
Number of green nodules
Sketch roots and nodules here or on a separate piece of paper
Data Chart: Radish Plant
Nodules present?
Similarities to bean roots
Differences from bean roots
Sketch roots here or on a separate piece of paper
1) Generally speaking, bean plants have fewer than 100 nodules, soybean plants have several hundred, and peanut plants can have 1,000 nodules or more. Cut-open nodules from a legume displaying the reddish-pink colour of an active, healthy nodule.
2) Both of them have roots that extend far into the cup in an effort to find food to survive. Both of them have nodules.
3) The radish just occupies the cup's centre; the beans basically fill the entire space. not as many nodules as a bean plant.
what are nodules ?
On the roots of plants, particularly legumes, that collaborate with bacteria that fix nitrogen, root nodules can be seen. Capable plants develop a symbiotic association with rhizobia, a host-specific strain of bacteria, when nitrogen is scarce.
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Type your response in the box.
Some of the most promising treatments for cancer are targeted therapies. Use information from
credible websites to explain how targeted cancer therapies differ from traditional chemotherapies,
and describe why these therapies are an advancement in medicinal chemistry.
Targeted therapies differ from traditional chemotherapy because they are based on specifc cells to treat cancer.
What are Targeted therapies?Targeted therapies are personalized therapies used in precision medicine whose objective is to treat a health concern by killing specific injured cells.
Conversely, chemotherapy is not specific for cancer cells and this treatment can also kill normal cells.
In conclusion, targeted therapies differ from chemotherapy because they are based on specifc cells.
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Describe the structure of a neuron. Include the cell body, dendrites, and axon in your description. How does the structure of a neuron help it carry out its function efficiently?
Answer: A neuron has three main parts: dendrites, an axon, and a cell body or soma , which can be represented as the branches, roots and trunk of a tree, respectively. A dendrite (tree branch) is where a neuron receives input from other cells. Dendrites branch as they move towards their tips, just like tree branches do, and they even have leaf-like structures on them called spines.
The axon (tree roots) is the output structure of the neuron; when a neuron wants to talk to another neuron, it sends an electrical message called an action potential throughout the entire axon.
The features of neurons help them to carry out their function efficiently:
they have a long fibre (axon) so they can carry messages up and down the body over long distances
in a stimulated neuron, an electrical nerve impulse passes along the axon
the axon is insulated by a fatty (myelin) sheath - the fatty sheath increases the speed of the nerve impulses along the neuron
at each end of the neuron are tiny branches (dendrons), which branch even further into dendrites - the dendrites receive incoming nerve impulses from other neurons
Explanation:
Hope this is helpful!!