There are 24 spiders per square meter.
The largest population that an ecosystem is able to support indefinitely with the resources that it possesses is referred to as the "maximum load" by population biologists. This number is referred to as the carrying capacity of the ecosystem. The carrying capacity of an ecosystem is determined by a wide variety of biotic and abiotic factors.
The population density is calculated by the formulae :
Population density = Number of people / Total area occupied
Given in the question,
Number of people = 12,600
Total area = 525 sq. meter
Therefore, population density = 12600/525
= 24
Therefore, the number of spiders found per square meter is 24.
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There are 3 possible genotypes: NN, MN, or MM. In a group of 500 people, the frequency of genotype NN is 40%. How many individuals would you expect to have the MN genotype
235 are the Individual numbers that would expect to have the MN type of genotype.
There are two equations necessary according to Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium:-
p + q = 1
p² + 2pq + q² = 1
Let,
NN= p
NM=2pq
MM=q
So, according to the question, the frequency of genotype NN is 40%
40% of 500 = [tex]\frac{500*40}{100} = 200[/tex] Numbers of individuals
Frequency of individuals p = [tex]\frac{Numbers of individuals}{Total populations}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{200}{400} = 0.4[/tex]
Find p² by taking the square root of p.
√(p) = √(0.4)
= 0.632
So, pp + qq = 1
qq = 1 - pp = 1 - 0.63
q = 0.37
The allele frequencies in the population are known, now finding the frequency of heterozygous genotype.
By Multiplying 2 × p ×q to get heterozygous genotype
2pq = 2 × 0.63 × 0.37` = 0.47
2pq = 0.47
So, 2pq × total population = 0.47 × 500 = 235, NM genotype.
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14-
K
Gro
Translation
Base Pairing, Practice
*Use the mRNA CODON, and the Base Pairing Chart from Practice "I to determine the
amino acid.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
DNA Bases
TTC
CGA
*mRNA
UUA
CAA
AAU
GAU
tRNA
GRA
GGG
*Amino Acid
Tryptophan
From the chart several kinds of amino acids are determined. they are Leucine, lysine, glutamine, proline, asparagine, aspartic acid, and alanine.
Determination chart for amino acids:
DNA Bases mRNA tRNA Amino acid
AAT UUA AAU Leucine
GTT CUU GAA Leucine
TTC AAG UUC Lysine
GTT CAA GUU Glutamine
GGG CCC GGG Proline
TGG ACC UGG Tryptophan
TTA AAU UUA Asparagine
CTA GAU CUA Aspartic acid
CGA GCU CGA Alanine
Codon and amino acids:
A codon is a group of 3 DNA or RNA bases that codes for a particular amino acid or protein synthesis halt signal. Four nucleotides make up the language of DNA and RNA molecules, whereas 20 amino acids make up the dialect of protein molecules.Twenty distinct amino acids are linked together in diverse configurations to form proteins. Every three letters in mRNA stand for a different amino acid. "Codons," the genomic counterpart of letters, are these trios of letters.Learn more about amino acids here:
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The term hominin refers to modern-day humans and our fossil relatives that are more similar to us than they are to chimpanzees. True False
True. The term hominin refers to modern-day humans and our fossil relatives that are more similar to us than they are to chimpanzees.
What is hominin?Hominins are our direct predecessors, extinct human species, and modern humans collectively (including members of the genera Homo, Australopithecus, Paranthropus and Ardipithecus).A member of the family Hominidae, which includes humans, gorillas, chimpanzees, and orangutans, is referred to as a hominid. A member of the subfamily Homininae, which includes humans, gorillas, and chimpanzees, is a hominine (excludes orangutans). A hominin is a chimpanzee or human who belongs to the Hominini tribe.Three distinct taxonomic levels were established for chimpanzees, gorillas, and humans. Humans are a member of the Hominini, sometimes known as hominins. The primary distinction between hominid and hominin is that the former refers to the family to which humans belong while the latter refers to the level of the tribe to which humans belong.Learn more about hominin here:
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Two species of finches found on the same galápagos island but feeding on different food sources is an example of ________ speciation.
Two species of finches found on the same galápagos island but feeding on different food sources is an example of sympatric speciation.
What is speciation?Speciation is the evolutionary process that leads to reproductive isolation and eventually to the emergence of new species.
Sympatric speciation refers to the emergence of reproductive barriers in individuals of the same species that inhabit the same region, whereas allopatric speciation occurs in individuals separated by geographic barriers.
In conclusion, two species of finches found on the same galápagos island but feeding on different food sources is an example of sympatric speciation.
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As a result of the Ordovician Mass Extinction, many reef building organisms went extinct, but reefs recovered in only a few hundred thousand years.
This given statement, as a result of the Ordovician Mass Extinction, that many reef-building organisms went extinct, but reefs recovered in only a few hundred thousand years is false.
What happened in the Ordovician mass extinction?
The Ordovician-Silurian extinction, which occurred 443 million years ago, resulted in the destruction of 85% of all species on Earth. The many marine species living in warm, shallow coastal waters were severely harmed, most likely as a result of global cooling and declining sea levels. There were many different types of animals affected by this extinction, including brachiopods, corals, trilobites, echinoderms, and mollusks. Species that were unique to the eastern United States were particularly vulnerable.
The Late Ordovician glacier, which quickly extended over Gondwana at the beginning of the Hirnantian and changed the Earth's temperature from a greenhouse to an icehouse, is widely blamed for this extinction pulse.
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The motor neuron and all the myofibers it innervates is referred to as a ____________ . every time a motor neuron sends a nerve impulse to a skeletal muscle fiber, the muscle fiber will
The motor neuron and all the myofibers it innervates is referred to as a __motor units__ . every time a motor neuron sends a nerve impulse to a skeletal muscle fiber, the muscle fiber will contract .
What is the motor units?
The motor unit is the association between the motor neuron and a group of fibers from the muscle.
A single muscle is composed of several motor units. The fibers composing each of them are just a little part of the whole muscle mass, meaning this is the part that will contract.
The motor unit is the basic unit from which the CNS controls motion.
How does contraction occur?The central nervous system (CNS) generates an action potential in the presynaptic membrane.
This action potential provokes the neurotransmitter release (acetylcholine, Ach) into the synaptic space.
The neurotransmitter travels through the synaptic space and reaches the postsynaptic membrane, where it binds to its receptors on the skeletal muscle fiber, causing ion channels to open.
Ion interchange between the extracellular space and the cell interior triggers a series of events that end by depolarizing the muscle fiber membrane, and leading to fiber contraction.
The motor neuron and all the myofibers it innervates is referred to as a _motor unit_ . every time a motor neuron sends a nerve impulse to a skeletal muscle fiber, the muscle fiber will contract.
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The hormone ______, which is secreted by the adrenal cortex, causes the kidney to conserve ________ ions and excrete ________ ions and indirectly helps to maintain systemic blood pressure.
The hormone adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH). which is secreted by the adrenal cortex, causes the kidney to conserve sodium ions and excrete potassium ions and indirectly helps to maintain systemic blood pressure.
What are hormones?
Hormones are chemical messangers or substances which are produced by the body and released to the sites where they are needed in the body.
They are substances produced by one tissue and conveyed by the bloodstream to another to effect physiological activity.
So therefore, the hormone adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH). which is secreted by the adrenal cortex, causes the kidney to conserve sodium ions and excrete potassium ions and indirectly helps to maintain systemic blood pressure.
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Archaea differ from bacteria in that archaea Group of answer choices Are prokaryotic. Reproduce by binary fission. Lack peptidoglycan. Lack nuclei. Use organic compounds for food.
Archaea differ from bacteria in that archaea lack peptidoglycan.
What about archaea and bacteria?Although archaea lack internal membranes, they do have a cell wall and swim by using flagella. The difference between bacteria and archaea is that bacteria have an ester-linked cell membrane, while archaea have an ether-linked cell membrane.Organelles and other internal membrane-bound structures are not present in the cells of bacteria and archaea. In contrast to eukaryotes, bacteria and archaea do not have a nucleus that separates their genetic material from the rest of the cell.Similar to Eubacteria, Archaea have a polysaccharide and glycoconjugate-rich cell wall. The strong cell borders that archaea form despite not having peptidoglycan make them resistant to high internal osmotic pressure.
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This kinesiologist was one of the first to contribute to the field of exercise physiology with his Nobel Prize-winning work on metabolism. Group of answer choices Thomas Cureton D.B. Dill Kenneth Cooper A.V. Hill
A.V. Hill was the first kinesiologist to contribute to the field of exercise physiology with his Nobel Prize-winning work on metabolism.
Understanding the impact of activity or exercise includes concentrating on unambiguous changes in muscles, cardiovascular, and neurohumoral frameworks that lead to changes in practical limit and strength because of aerobic exercise or strength. To work, our muscles need energy, which is delivered by chemical and hormonal cycles. During the 1910s Archibald Hill framed these cycles by investigating muscles from frogs. Contrary to the predominant view that mechanical development and chemical cycles were equal arrangements, Hill had the option to appear through estimations of intensity created by the mechanical cycles that these were postponed corresponding to the movement. The chemical succession comprises a work stage, which isn't reliant upon oxygen supply, and a recuperation stage when oxygen is required.
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Which reason is least likely to contribute to the transmission of adenovirus?
The presence of a vector is least likely to contribute to the transmission of adenovirus.
Adenoviruses belong to the family of Adenoviridae. These viruses are of medium size, ranging in 90-100 nm, they do not have an outer layer of lipid. Thus, these viruses are non- enveloped with an icosahedral nucleocapsid and have a double stranded DNA genome.
Adenoviruses can cause many types of illness in humans, which can range from mild respiratory infections in small children to multi-organ diseases in people who have a weak immune system.
The adenoviruses can spread when there is contact with droplets from the nose and throat of a person who is infected. It can also be spread by touching any surface that has the virus and then touching one's own eyes, mouth, or nose.
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How are fishes, amphibians, nonavian reptiles, birds, and mammals important to humans? how are they important to ecosystems?
Fishes, amphibians, nonavian reptiles, birds, and mammals are crucial components of numerous ecosystems, particularly as intermediaries in numerous food chains and food webs.
Importance to humans:
Amphibians, particularly anurans, are economically advantageous because they help to decrease the amount of insects that damage crops or spread illness. Fishes and Amphibians serve as a food supply for some human communities, particularly in Southeast Asia, and hence provide provisioning services. They also present promise for new pharmaceuticals including analgesics and anti-viral medications made from skin secretions, as well as function as models in medical research. For food and clothing, humans have relied on other mammal species. Mammals were domesticated to provide a source of nourishment for the expanding human population as well as tools for hard labor and transportation.Birds help people directly by controlling insects and rodents, pollinating plants, and dispersing seeds.Importance to ecosystem:
Both reptiles and amphibians play a significant role in both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Both groups function as predators and prey, and the species that live in both environments help move energy back and forth between them.The thin skin of amphibians allows them to occasionally breathe through it and allows them to absorb harmful chemicals, radiation, and infections. Because they are the first to be impacted by environmental deterioration, frogs are regarded as "indicator species."Birds help people directly by controlling insects and rodents, pollinating plants, and dispersing seeds.Mammals facilitate carbon sequestration and water body conservation by controlling the populations of other animals and protecting essential plant species.learn more about amphibians here: https://brainly.com/question/10714806
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The major cause of extinction of species today is?
A scientist is using a karyotype to investigate a mutation in an organism. Which type of mutation would a karyotype best help to discover
Nondisjunction mutation is the type of mutation that would a karyotype best help to discover when a scientist is using a karyotype to investigate a mutation in an organism.
An individual's entire set of chromosomes is known as their karyotype.
This can also be used to describe a lab-made representation of a person's chromosomes split from one cell and arranged in numerical order.
A karyotype can be used to check for chromosomal numbers or structural problems.
The missegregation of a homologous pair of chromosomes during meiosis is known as nondisjunction.
A new cell with an excessive amount of genetic material is created as a result. This kind of chromosomal mutation leads to a multitude of clinical problems.
An important example is Down's syndrome.
Trisomy of autosomes, or chromosome 21, is the cause of Down's syndrome.
Only one percent of instances had mosaicism along with Down's syndrome.
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The nursing instructor informs the students that which anatomical structure controls the elimination of urine from the body?
The Urinary bladder controls the elimination of urine from the body.
The lower abdomen contains this triangle-shaped, hollow organ. Ligaments that are connected to the pelvic bones and other organs hold it in place. When storing pee, the bladder's walls relax and expand; when emptying urine through the urethra, they contract and flatten. The typical healthy adult bladder has a two to five-hour storage capacity of up to two cups of urine.Three parts of bladder allow urine to be discharged:
A pair of sphincter muscles. By tightly shutting around the bladder opening like a rubber band, these circular muscles assist prevent urine leakage.In the bladder's nerves. When it's time to urinate or empty the bladder, the nerves let the person know.Urethra. Urine can travel through this tube and leave the body. Urine leaks from the bladder as a result of the brain's tightening signal to the bladder muscles.learn more about Urinary bladder here: https://brainly.com/question/21998875
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In the dna isolation process, ________ is used to break down the protein complexes and allow the dna molecules to easily precipitate.
In the DNA isolation process, "meat tenderizer" is used to break down the protein complexes and allow the DNA molecules to easily precipitate.
What is DNA isolation/extraction?Extraction of DNA is a common practice used to separate DNA from cell nuclei.
The process of DNA isolation involves-
Step 1: Cracking open cells to release DNA
The cells in a specimen are separated from one another, frequently by physical techniques like grinding or vacuum filtration, and then placed in a salt solution.
Step 2: Distinguishing DNA from protein and additional cellular waste
It's important to get rid of as much cellular waste as you can to obtain a pure DNA sample. There are numerous ways to accomplish this. To destroy DNA-associated protein and other cellular proteins, a protease (protein enzyme) is frequently introduced.
Step 3: Use an alcohol to precipitate the DNA
Finally, the DNA sample is carefully infused with ice-cold alcohol (whether ethanol or isopropanol). While salt and alcohol make DNA insoluble, it is soluble in water.
Step 4: DNA cleaning
Now that the DNA sample has been refined further (cleaned). Then it is ready for use after being resuspended in such a slightly alkaline buffer.
Step 5: Verifying the DNA's presence and condition
The concentration of DNA in a sample can be ascertained using spectrophotometer readings of optical density.
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What feature would easily distinguish schist and gneiss from quartzite and marble?
Foliation is much better developed in most schists and gneiss than in most quartzites and marbles.
The major contrast between schist and gneiss is that schist is made of mudstone or shale, whereas gneiss is made of micas, chlorite, or other platy minerals. While Marble and quartzite the major difference is that marble is composed of calcite whereas quartzite is composed of quartz.
Schist is identified by its flat and large sheet-like grains it also has flat and elongated minerals such as talc or micas. Gneiss is a metamorphic rock formed by changing schist, granite, or volcanic rocks through intense heat and pressure. Gneiss is foliated, which means that it has layers of lighter and darker minerals.
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Which statement BEST describes how greenhouse gasses act as natural insulators in the Earth's system?
Hi there, your answer is below.
The gases absorb and emit a part of the heat reflected by the Earth's surface.
Solar radiation will pass through the atmosphere first in the greenhouse effect. Some of them will get through and touch the surface of the planet. Long-wave thermal radiation, which is what the greenhouse gases will absorb, will be produced when some of the energy that strikes the Earth's surface is transformed. They are returned to the Earth via greenhouse gases.
What are greenhouse gases, and why do they affect our environment?The surface of the Earth would be much colder and have a "snowball Earth" if it weren't for the impact of greenhouse gases, primarily water vapor, carbon dioxide, and methane.
Because the greenhouse gases are generally transparent to the sun's incoming radiation, which is mostly in the visible light region of the spectrum, the greenhouse effect is able to take place. In contrast, the majority of the radiation that the Earth emits is in the infrared region of the spectrum, which is absorbed by greenhouse gases. Some of the radiation from these gases is redirected to the earth when it is later released. This traps it, warming the planet's surface in the process. The average temperature of the Earth would be -14 degrees Celsius without greenhouse gases.
Greenhouse gases have acted to even out temperature changes over Earth's history. Huge woods have thrived when the Earth experienced warmer times, as the Carboniferous epoch. These have taken in carbon dioxide from the air, storing the resultant carbon in the form of coal deposits underground. After a certain amount of carbon has been stored, the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide falls to very low levels, and the warming effect is eliminated. The trees perish as the globe cools. Currently, plants are no longer removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, while volcanoes are still adding carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. The increase in carbon dioxide causes a rise in global warming. We are now recuperating from the last glacier, which ended roughly 10,000 years ago, during a mild time. In the past 120,000 years, the previous warm era peaked.
The ability of carbon dioxide to boost plant development is another crucial effect. Without the impact of the increased carbon dioxide concentration on crops, it is improbable that the Earth could support the 7 billion people that inhabit it now.
The amount of carbon stored in the atmosphere is rather tiny. There are currently 800 billion tons of carbon in it. But only approximately a quarter of this, or 210 billion tons, of the carbon gets recycled each year by plants and the seas. Consequently, the two-year half life of carbon in the atmosphere is rather short. Because there is such a tiny atmospheric carbon storage, people have a significant impact. Burning fossil fuels only adds roughly 9 billion tons annually. But throughout my lifetime, the concentration has increased by 30%, from around 300 parts per million in 1947 to 410 parts per million now, as a result of this modest increment each year. As a result, there has been a little but considerable increase in surface temperature as well as rising sea levels due to ice cap melting. Although the increase in sea levels over the past 70 years has only been around 9 inches, it is rising, and because so many people live near the coasts, we are susceptible.
Because the atmospheric carbon storage is so limited, it is possible to lower atmospheric carbon and prevent flooding in our coastal communities, for example by fertilizing the seas to improve their capacity to absorb carbon dioxide.
Thank you,
Eddie
WWhat evidence was discovered by Vines and Matthews that supported Wegener's and Hess's theories?
A. A small gap along an undersea cliff that widened by 2 centimeters a year. The cliff was located on a suspected plate boundary.
B. Magnetic variations on either side of mid-ocean ridges that indicated the seafloor was spreading from that point.
C. Undersea volcanoes that produce new seafloor material from cooled magma.
D. All of thesehich changing system is responsible for the shapes and positions of the continents
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Vine and Matthews noticed there was a symmetrical pattern of magnetic stripes on either side of the mid ocean ridges. In addition when the basalts of the sea floor were dated, they were found to be the same age at similar distances away from the ridge on each side.
What fine-tuned sensory receptors detect differences in tension generated by active muscle rather than muscle length
golgi tendon organs fine-tuned sensory receptors detect differences in tension generated by active muscle rather than muscle length.
Gamma motor neurons fire to regain sensitivity, causing the spindle to contract, becoming taut and regaining the ability to transmit muscle length. There are two groups of motor neurons. Extrafusal fibers, the rapidly contracting fibers that give the muscle its power, are innervated by alpha motor neurons.What is golgi tendon organs?
The Golgi tendon organ, which is located close to the point where a tendon joins a muscle, is a sensory ending that resembles a tree and is encased in a spindle-shaped connective tissue capsule. In a male, one tendon organ is attached to 10 to 20 muscle fibers. An endpoint of a typical tendon organ in limb muscles is roughly 0.5 mm long.Learn more about golgi tendon organs
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Compare the function of phototropism to the function of gravitropism. How does each of
these tropisms work?
(Hint: starch molecules and auxins should be part of your response.)
The function of phototropism can be compared best with the function of gravitropism by taking an example of statoliths (Starch molecules) in roots and auxin in stem.
Roots often bend away from light (i.e., exhibit negative phototropism) in the direction of gravity(i.e. exhibit positive gravitropism).
Whereas stem-like organs drive their growth toward the light (i.e., positive phototropism) and away from gravity (i.e., negative gravitropism) (i.e. positive gravitropism).
As in the instance of phototropism, positive tropisms react by migrating towards the direction of the stimulus source.
Auxin formation and blue light stimulation control this response's mechanism.
On the shaded side of the plant, where those cells are starting to elongate, the activation of the blue light results in a concentration of auxin, a plant hormone.
On the other hand, negative tropisms, like gravitropism in plant shoots, react by migrating away from the stimulus's source.
A unique type of cell called a statocyst contains statoliths, which are starch molecules that can settle within the statocysts in reaction to gravity.
These starch molecules accumulate on the bottom of the statocyst as they descend toward gravity, increasing auxin levels and encouraging cell elongation.
Hence, these two processes can be compared best with an example of statoliths (Starch molecules) in roots and auxin in stem.
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Evidence that supports the prokaryotic origins of mitochondria and chloroplasts are all of the following except __________.
Your question was incomplete (please check below the full content). The evidence that supports the prokaryotic origins of mitochondria and chloroplasts do not include multiple DNA copies associated with inner membranes.
What is organellar DNA?The organellar DNA is the genome contained within mitochondria and chloroplasts, which is independent of nuclear eukaryotic DNA.
The organellar DNA contains multiple DNA molecules, which are found in association with the inner membrane, ant is not found in prokaryotic life forms.
The complete question in this case is: "Evidence that supports the prokaryotic origins of mitochondria and chloroplasts are the presence of mitochondria, a eukaryote engulfing prokaryotic photosynthetic cells, and non-photosynthetic eukaryotes, EXCEPT."
The endosymbiotic theory states that mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from prokaryotic microorganisms that entered into a primitive eukaryotic cell.
This theory is supported by certain features of mitochondria and chloroplasts such as a similar size to prokaryotes.
In conclusion, evidence do not include the arrangement of the organellar DNA.
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Raising your hand and placing it on the shoulder of a person standing in front of you, requires __________ of the shoulder.
Answer:
flexion
Raising your hand and placing it on the shoulder of a person standing in front of you, requires flexion of the shoulder.
Explanation:
During flexion, also known as bending, the angle between the two moving parts is reduced (bones or body parts), again this is just bending in simple terms, which is the case for this question.
Interpret the following scenario to distinguish between recessive and dominant forms of inheritance. Two unaffected parents that are heterozygous for a genetic disease have a child with the genetic disease. This form of inheritance follows a _____ form of inheritance.
Interpret the following scenario to distinguish between recessive and dominant forms of inheritance. Two unaffected parents that are heterozygous for a genetic disease have a child with the genetic disease. This form of inheritance follows a recessive form of inheritance.
What is genetic disease?A person needs two recessive alleles to display a recessive trait, yet only one dominant allele can express a dominant trait. Dominant alleles serve as a cover for recessive alleles.When a gene is inherited from only one parent, and a normal gene is inherited from the other parent, the offspring will not have the condition. When a gene is inherited from either parent, the offspring will inherit that genetic condition or characteristic.Long DNA strands are arranged into genes on chromosomes that code for particular characteristics. These particular features can be passed down through the genes as well.When present, dominant behavior is always apparent. Only when dominant genes are absent does recessive gene expression occur.Learn more about inheritance here:
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Tissues damaged by myocardial infarction are replaced by fibrous connective tissue. Tissues damaged by myocardial infarction are replaced by fibrous connective tissue. True False
The given statement tissues damaged by myocardial infarction are replaced by fibrous connective tissues holds True
What is Myocardial Infarction?Myocardial infarction (MI), also referred to as a "heart attack," is brought on by a partial or total cessation of blood flow to the myocardium.
Myocardium is the name given to the muscles of the heart.
Infarction is formed when the tissue gets damaged due to insufficient blood supply. It is usually termed as the dead tissue with necrotic changes.
As the necrotic tissue heals it gets replaced by the fibrous connective tissue leading to scar tissue formation and reducing the contractility of the heart.
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Apply darwin’s four postulates to the galápagos finch case study to verify that natural selection has occurred.
Darwin's observed the Galapagos finches has graded series of break size and shape ,predicted that species were modified from one original mainland species.
He observes that beak shape varies among finch species that beak of an ancestral species had adapted over time to equip the finches to acquire different food sources. His main purpose for asking evolutionary questions about adaptation and the multiplication of species.
Finches beak shapes that corresponded to the main food source on that island, many branches of science are contributed in Darwin's theory of natural selection. This is important because isolated group of birds have evolved to match their niche diets and its a clue for Charles Darwin in his theory.
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Mendel crossed homozygous tall and short plants. The law of segregation dictates that each sperm of the tall plant randomly passes
down one allele for height and the eggs of each short plant also pass down one allele for height to the F1 generation seed. Predict the F1
generation genotype.
O If the homozygous tall plant (TT) crosses with a heterozygous short plant (Tt), then all the F1 plants become heterozygous tall plants (Tt).
O If the heterozygous tall plant (TT) crosses with a heterozygous short plant (Tt), then all the F1 plants become heterozygous tall plants (Tt).
O If the heterozygous tall plant (Tt) crosses with a homozygous short plant (tt), then all the F1 plants become heterozygous tall plants (Tt).
O If the homozygous tall plant (TT) crosses with a homozygous short plant (tt), then all the F1 plants become heterozygous tall plants (Tt).
Answer:
D.) If the homozygous tall plant (TT) crosses with a homozygous short plant (tt), then all the F1 plants become heterozygous tall plants (Tt).
Explanation:
Homozygous indicates that the alleles in the genotype are the same. Therefore, the genotype for homozygous tall plants is (TT) and the genotype for homozygous short plants is (tt).
After performing a cross, we know that all of the children will have the heterozygous genotype (Tt).
Answer:
I hope this helps.
Explanation:
How are bacteria and fungus penicillium similar?
The fact that both bacteria and the fungus Penicillium are cells with cell walls and membranes is one of the ways in which they are similar. The fact that both bacteria and the fungus penicillium are microorganisms is another commonality between them.
What are bacteria and fungus?Bacteria are common, largely free-living organisms that frequently only have one biological cell. They make up a significant portion of the prokaryotic microbial kingdom. Bacteria, which are typically a few micrometers long and were among the first life forms to appear on Earth, are found in the majority of its habitats.
Any member of the eukaryotic group of organisms, which also includes the more well-known mushrooms and microbes like yeast and mold, is referred to as a fungus.
The Penicillium and bacteria have a relationship that is The secretion known as penicillin, which is produced by Penicillium fungus, is exceedingly hazardous to bacteria. This discovery served as the inspiration for penicillin, the first real antibiotic.
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Cyclophosphamide and thiotepa are examples of:
Answer:
ALKYLATING AGENTS
Explanation:
Examples of alkylating agents include chlorambucil, cyclophosphamide, thiotepa, and busulfan.
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What factors influence a region’s photosynthetic productivity? sunlight and depth nutrients and sunlight temperature and density salinity and sunlight
Nutrients and sunlight affect a region's photosynthetic productivity.
What do you understand by photosynthetic productivity?
The rate during which energy is added to organisms as biomass (the quantity of material that makes up animals' bodies) in producers in an ecosystem is known as photosynthetic productivity, also referred to as primary productivity.
These organisms that make energy through photosynthetic processes rely on getting access to nutrients and sunlight. Photosynthetic organisms' output and efficiency can be gauged. This is known to as photosynthetic productivity (or primary productivity), and it is directly effected by the sunlight and nutrients that producers require.
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Cholera toxin locks the Gs subunit into an active state, in that GTP is bound and cannot be hydrolyzed back to GDP to turn off the subunit. What effect will cholera toxin have in the cell
Cholera toxin locks the G-subunit into an active state, in that GTP is bound and cannot be hydrolyzed back to GDP to turn off the subunit. This leads to a subsequent activation and increase in adenylate cyclase inside the cell. This increases the level of cAMP which leads to cytolysis of the cell.
The cholera toxin is released from a bacteria known as vibrio cholera. This bacteria is gram-negative and releases this toxin into the body which leads to manifestations like vomiting, increased heartbeat, watery diarrhea, cramps in the muscles and a low blood pressure. When this toxin is released into the body. The toxin activates adenylate cyclase and increases its level. This in turn increases the level of cAMP. This initiates a signaling cascade which effects the osmotic pressure of the cell. This leads to subsequent cytolysis of the cell.
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