The three samples of an ideal gas, all at the same temperature, occupy identical containers with the same volume. the particle mass is proportional to the size of particles. the gas samples has the greatest pressure is in which has greater no. of moles.
The equation for an ideal gas given as :
P V = n RT
where,
P = pressure
V = volumes in L
T = temperature at K
n = moles
R = 0.082 L atm / mol K = gas constant
since volume and temperature are constant , then :
P = n
therefore greater the number of moles , greater will be the pressure.
Thus, The three samples of an ideal gas, all at the same temperature, occupy identical containers with the same volume. the mass of the particle is proportional to its size. the gas samples has the greatest pressure is in which has greater no. of moles.
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under standard conditions, what is the pressure of the carbon dioxide and the ph of the water? at 1 atm
ph = 1.5E.8 and pressure = 44.64 kj/mol of carbon dioxide.
Pressure is defined as the force perpendicular to an object's surface divided by the area across which it is dispersed.
Overpressure is the pressure that exists in comparison to the atmospheric pressure. To express pressure, various units are employed. Manometer, differential, and absolute pressure measurements are the three methods available.
Absolute pressure is defined in terms of vacuum pressure. l. Water's pH level reveals how basic or acidic it is. 7 serves as a neutral value in the range of 0 to 14, with. A pH value more than 7 indicates basicness, and a pH value less than 7 indicates acidity. In actuality, the pH scale gauges the percentage of free hydrogen and
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Choose the correct equilibrium expressions and match them to their appropriate reaction:
The correct equilibrium expressions that match the given reactions are;
a --> 1b ---> 8c ---> 10d ---> 14What is the equilibrium expression?We know that in a chemical reaction, there is a number that shows us the extent to which the reactants have been converted into products. We know that the more the reactants are converted into products, the more this value is large and positive. On the other hand, if a lot of the reactants are not converted into products then the value would be negative and small.
This value that I have talking about is called the equilibrium constant. We can be able to obtain the equilibrium constant from the law of mass action. It is the ratio between the concentrations of the products and the reactants all raised to the power of the stoichiometric coefficients.
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water dissolves salts because it: select one: a. is hydrophobic, and salts are also hydrophobic. b. forms covalent bonds with the atoms of the salt crystal. c. has partial positive and negative charges. d. evaporates quickly at room temperature.
Salts get dissolved in water because it has partial positive and negative charges. So option (c) is correct.
Why does salt dissolves in water?The water molecules pull the Na and Cl ions apart while breaking the ionic bond which held them together. After the salt ions are pulled apart, they get surrounded by water molecules. The salt dissolves to form a homogeneous solution.
The slightly positive portion of sodium is attracted to the slightly negative portion of oxygen on the water molecule. At the same time, the slightly electronegative chlorine moieties of NaCl are attracted to the slightly electropositive hydrogen moieties of water.In either case, no true bond is formed, the stronger covalent bonds of water (also commonly held by hydrogen bonds between water molecules) win, NaCl gets pulled apart, resulting in dissociation of Na+ and Cl- ions with the Na+ and Cl- ions setting loosely in place between the intact H₂O molecules. NaCl is then dissolved.Salts are ionic and are expected to dissolve in water because water itself is polar. Therefore, ionic salts are expected to dissolve in polar solvents.
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if you measure 0.0356 g of mg for your first trial, how many moles of hydrochloric acid would be needed to react with it? the molar mass of mg is 24.31 g/mol
0.00292 mol of HCL would be needed to react with 0.0356 g of Mg.
Mass of mg = 0.0356 g
Molar mass of mg is 24.31 g/mol
moles of mg= 0.0356/24.31
=0.00146moles
Mg+2HCL→MgCl₂ +H₂
From above equation , 1 mol of mg requires 2 mol of HCL
∴ 0.00146 mol of Mg will require =2×0.00146 mol of HCL
=0.00292 mol of HCL.
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5. What are the coefficients when the equation below is balanced?
_H₂+_0₂→--H₂O
O 1,1,2
O 4,3,1
O 2,1,2
0 2,2,1
Answer:
C.) 2,1,2
Explanation:
You have to balance the equation by getting the number of elements on the left and right side to equal. Before balancing there is one more oxygen on the left side than the right side. You have to change the coefficient in front of H2O to fix this, and that means adding a "2" in front of the H2 to get that to equal as well.
You end up with 2H₂+10₂→ 2H₂O
1.explain why a polar aprotic solvent is used for this reaction? what is the polar aprotic solvent that is used?
Polar aprotic solvents are those solvents which have not acidic proton and polar nature.
Polar aprotic solvents are used in SN1 mechanism because these solvated both carbocation and anion .
The SN1 reaction mechanism follows a stepwise process in which the carbocation is first formed by removal of a leaving group. The carbocation is then attacked by a nucleophile. Finally, the protonated nucleophile is deprotonated to yield the desired product.
Thus, polar protic solvents help stabilize both carbocations and anions, and solvation of both cations and anions aids the progression of the SN1 mechanism. Therefore, polar protic solvents favor the SN1 mechanism.
Polar aprotic solvents are solvents that do not have acidic protons and are polar. Such solvents lack hydroxyl and amine groups. Many solvents, including chlorocarbons and hydrocarbons, can be classified as aprotic, but polar aprotic solvents are of particular interest due to their ability to dissolve salts.
examples: Actone , ethyl acetate
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Why is it important to spray all samples with peroxide before spraying them with the indicator solutions?.
Peroxide is sprayed on all samples before any indicator so as to bleach the samples before staining by the indicators
peroxide is any of a class of chemicals in which 2 oxygen atoms are linked together by a single covalent bond peroxide is useful in bleaching as they are agents bleaching.
The peroxide when applied to the sample it reduces color bodies in pulp by oxidizing the carbonyl group making the samples colorless.
When the indicator is applied to a sample that is bleached the indicator penetrates this highlights important features of the tissue as well as enhances the tissue contrast.
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the molecular mass of butanoic acid is 88.1 amu . calculate the molecular mass of ethyl acetate, an isomer of butanoic acid. express your answer with the appropriate units.
The molecular mass of ethyl acetate is 88.1 amu.
The structure formula of butanoic acid is CH3CH2CH2COOH, while structural formula of ethyl acetate is CH3COOCH2CH3. Thus, both butanoic acid and ethyl acetate have same number of constituent atoms. Therefore they have same atomic mass. Thus, molecular mass of ethyl acetate is 88.1 amu.
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which feature does an iron metal have?responseselectrons shared between single pairs of atomselectrons shared between single pairs of atomsa sea of electronsa sea of electronsfirmly bonded electronsfirmly bonded electronselectrons that transfer between atoms to make cations and anions
Iron metal has a sea of electrons feature. The outside electrons form a sea or pool of delocalized electrons that are free to travel randomly throughout the fixed lattice of positive ions and do not "belong" to any particular atom.
What is iron metal?On the Periodic Table of the Elements, iron is a metal that belongs to Group 8 and is a hard, brittle substance. The most common metal, it is pure form, corrodes quickly when exposed into humid air and high temperatures. Iron is also considered to make up a significant portion of the Earth's core and is the fourth most prevalent metal by weight in the Earth's crust. According to the Los Alamos National Laboratory, it is abundant in the sun and stars in addition to being widely distributed on Earth. According to Jefferson Lab, iron is essential for the survival of all living things.
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a solution is made using 200.0 ml of methanol (density 0.7920 g/ml) and 567.1 ml of water (density 1.000 g/ml). what is the mass percent of the methanol?
The mass percent of the methanol is 21.83%.
The parameter
Methanol volume = 200.0 mlThe density of methanol = 0.7920 g/mlWater volume = 567.1 mlThe density of water = 1.000 g/mlCalculate the mass of methanol and water.
[tex]\rho = \frac{m}{V}[/tex]
m = ρ × V
Where m is a mass (kg), ρ is the density (kg/m³), and V is volume (m³)
m₁ = mass of methanol = 0.7920×200.0Mass percent of the methanol
= [tex]\frac{mass \: of \: methanol}{mass \: of \: solution} \times 100\%[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{m_1}{m_1 + m_2} \times 100\%[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{158.4}{158.4 + 567.1} \times 100\%[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{158.4}{725.5} \times 100\%[/tex]
= 0.2183 × 100%
= 21.83%
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what would it mean if a reagent had turned color directly upon addition to the sample prior to addition of hydrogen peroxide?
Before the reaction of hydrogen peroxide, if a reagent had changed color immediately after being added to the sample, this would indicate the presence of a contaminant and the test would be invalid.
The above experiment is also knowns as a presumptive blood testing experiment in which if a contaminant is present, the test should be deemed invalid if a vivid blue or purple color appears after adding the TMB reagent but before adding the hydrogen peroxide; this is also frequently referred to as a "false positive" result.
Presumptive tests catalyze the oxidation of a chromogenic substance, which results in a color change, by reacting with the hemoglobin of all blood in humans and animals. If the test is positive, the material will be identified as potentially blood, though not necessarily human blood.
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a 5.0 liter sample of argon gas at 20 degrees c and 0.85 atm pressure is compressed into a 2.0 liter container. what pressure will the gas exert at 60 degrees c
Gay-Law Lussac's states that, for a gas with a fixed volume and number of moles, pressure is directly proportional to temperature.
The pressure exerted by the argon gas at 60c is 0.46atm
Define pressure?
Pressure is defined as the force applied perpendicular to an object's surface per unit area across which that force is dispersed. Gauge pressure (sometimes written gauge pressure) is the pressure in relation to the surrounding atmosphere.
p is proportional to t.
p1xt1=p2xt2
where,
p1 = 0.85 atm
p2 = ?
t1 = 20c
t2 = 60c
t1=20c= (200 +275=475k)
t2=60c =(600+275=875k)
p2 =0.85x473/873
=0.4605atm
Therefore, the pressure of the gas at 60c will be 0.46atm.
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Consider this reaction: A₂ + 6B --> 2AB, If B is being consumed at a rate of -3 mol/min, what rate is A being consumed?
A aggregate response is a response wherein or greater materials integrate to shape a unmarried new substance. Combination reactions also can be referred to as synthesis reactions. The standard shape of a aggregate response is: A+B→AB.
One aggregate response is factors combining to shape a compound. When or greater reactants integrate with every different to shape a brand new product it's miles referred to as as aggregate response. Combination response is likewise referred to as synthesis response. For instance hydrogen receives mixed with chlorine to from hydro-chloride.
A aggregate response is a response wherein reactants integrate to shape one product. Oxygen and the halogens are very reactive factors and are probable to go through aggregate reactions with different factors.
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Not enough data is given and i cant find a similar question.
saline solutions are often administered intravenously to patients. if a saline solution is 0.450% sodium chloride by mass, what is the molarity of na in the saline solution? assume the saline solution has a density of 1.005 g/ml.
The the the molarity of na in the saline solution of nacl in the saline solution was 0.077 M.
Molar concentration is a measure of the concentration of a chemical species, especially of a solute in a solution, in terms of the amount of substance according to the unit quantity of the solution. In chemistry, the most normally used unit for molarity is the variety of moles according to liter, having the unit symbol mol/L or mol/dm³ in the SI unit.
Calculation:-
0.45% NaCl by mass
Density = 1.005 g/ml
0.45g NaCl in a total mass of 100 g
100 g in ml = 100/1.005 mL
= 99.50 ml
0.450 g NaCl in moles = 0.450 /M nacl
= 0.450/58.44
= 7.70 × 10⁻³ mol
Molarity of NaCl = 7.70 × 10⁻³ /99.50 × 100
= 0.077 M
Molarity (M) is the quantity of a substance in a sure volume of answer. Molarity is defined because the moles of a solute according to liters of a solution. Molarity is also called the molar awareness of a solution.
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reactions that generate products enriched in one enantiomer are said to be . multiple choice question.
Enantioselective are reactions that generate products that are enriched in one enantiomer.
What are enantiomers?Enantiomers are pairs of molecules that exist in two forms that are mirror images of each other but are not superimposable. The enantiomers are chemically identical in all other respects. Enantiomeric pairs are distinguished by the direction in which they rotate polarized light when dissolved in solution, either dextrorotatory (d or +) or levorotatory (l or -). Hence the term optical isomer.
The enantioselectivity of a chromatography system is defined as the preferential interaction of one enantiomer with a chiral selector. It is usually determined as the ratio of the retention factors of the two enantiomers in a chiral chromatography or electrophoresis system.
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by using photons of specific wavelengths, chemists can dissociate gaseous hi to produce h atoms with certain speeds. when hi dissociates, the h atoms move away rapidly, whereas the heavier i atoms move more slowly. if a photon of 248 nm is used, what is the excess energy (in j) over that needed for dissociation? enter your answer in scientific notation.
The excess energy needed for the dissociation of the HI atom is 3.102 x 10⁻¹⁹ J
The wavelength of the photons used to dissociate the HI molecule is 248 nm.
The energy of the photon is given by,
E = hc/λ
Where,
H is Planck's constant,
c is the speed of light,
λ is the wavelength of the photon,
Putting values,
E = 6.62 x 10⁻³⁴ 3 x 10⁸/248 x 10⁻⁹
E = 8 x 10⁻¹⁹ J.
The bond energy required to dissociate the HI atom is 4.898 x 10⁻¹⁹ Joules.
The excess energy is given by,
E = 8 x 10⁻¹⁹ - 4.898 x 10⁻¹⁹
E = 3.102 x 10⁻¹⁹ J.
so, the excess energy needed is 3.102 x 10⁻¹⁹ J.
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Help!!
Predict the missing component in the nuclear equation.
Answer:
the missing component is the option (a) electron
Explanation:
this is a nuclear decay of Th which resulted in the emission of alpha particles, equivalent to high speed electrons.
how does gravity influence the motion of objects in the solar system
molar mass of Mg(OH)2 in g/mol
Answer:
2× Ar(O) + Ar(H) ×2 =58,3197 g/mol
What is the purpose of the glass heat shield? Why is it important?
A heat shield is essentially a thermal barrier intended to keep things from overheating. The automotive industry to isolate the engine block to stop heat damage to the bodywork and internal parts.
What is a heat shield used for?A heat shield is essentially a thermal barrier intended to keep things from overheating. They are frequently employed in the automotive industry to separate the engine to stop heat damage to the bodywork and internal parts.
What occurs if a heat shield is absent?If the heat becomes too high, plastic engine parts may melt or deform, and belts may also become damaged. You should schedule a visit with your mechanic right away if you start to smell burning emanating from your car or discover that the engine hood is too hot to touch.
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Which example involves the transformation of chemical enegy directly to light energy?
1.A glow stick
2.Photosynthesis
3.Windmill
4.A hydroelectric dam
A glow stick is an example of a device that directly converts chemical energy into light energy.
A) A glow stick generates luminance, or light energy, using chemical energy from the compounds contained within it. When the stick is broken or twisted, the chemicals inside it are released and, through a chemical reaction, chemical energy is transformed into light energy.
B) plants employ light energy during photosynthesis to create oxygen and energy in the form of sugar (glucose).
C) The wind serves as the energy source for a windmill, and when the rotor blades revolve, the wind energy is transformed into mechanical energy. Then, electrical energy is created from that mechanical energy. The light energy produced by these electrical currents is subsequently employed in lamps. As a result, the chemical energy is not changed directly.
D) Water provides mechanical energy to a hydroelectric dam. When the water reaches the turbine, the gravitational potential energy that it had because of its height is transformed into kinetic energy. Then electrical energy is created from this kinetic energy.
Therefore, Glow Stick is the sole example where chemical energy is transformed into light energy in this manner.
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gas of unknown molecular mass was allowed to effuse through a small opening under constant pressure conditions. it required 57 s for 1.0 l of the gas to effuse. under identical experimental conditions it required 26 s for 1.0 l of o2 gas to effuse. calculate the molar mass of the unknown gas.
The molar mass of the other gas is 153.79 g/mol
Step 1: The Data given,
It required 57 s for 1.0 L of the gas to effuse.
Under identical experimental conditions it required 26 s for 1.0 L of O2 gas to effuse.
Step 2: Calculate the molar mass
Graham's law of effusion says:
r1/r2 = √(M2/M1)
⇒ with r1 = effusion rate 1 = L/57s
⇒ with r2 = effusion rate 2 = L/26s
⇒ with M1 = molar mass of the gas = x g/mol
⇒ with M2 = molar mass of oxygen = 32 g/mol
We should be careful if we plug in the effusion rate. Because the fractions could flip if we don't give the effusion rates as numeral values.
(L/57s)/(L/26s) = 26/57 = √(32/M1)
26/57 =√(32/X)
(26/57) ² = 32/X
0.208064 =32/X
X = 32/0.208064
X = 153.79 g/mol
Hence, The molar mass of the other gas is 153.79 g/mol
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mass of methane will occupy the same volume as 0.0325 mol 0.0325 mol of propane at 1.00 atm 1.00 atm and 298 k?
5.18 grams of methane will occupy same volume as 0.0325 moles of propane.
The ideal gas equation says,
PV = nRT
Where,
P is pressure, V is volume, n is moles, R is gas constant, T is temperature.
Moles of propane is 0.0325 moles.
volume of propane at 1 atm and 298 K is,
V = nRT/P
V = 0.0325 x 0.082 x 298/1
V = 7.92 L
Volume of propane is 7.92 L.
we know, moles = mass/molar mass.
Molar mass of Methane is 16g/mol.
Moles of methane = mass/16
Volume of methane,
V = nRT/P
7.92 = mass x 0.082 x 298/16
Mass = 5.18grams.
So, 5.18 grams of methane will have same volume as that of 0.0325 moles of propane.
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acid h2x gives two h ions. a 1.70 g sample of h2x reacts completely with 40.0 ml of 0.450 m naoh solution. what is the molar mass of h2x?
The acid h₂x gives two h ions a 1.70 g sample of h₂x reacts completely with 40.0 ml of 0.450 M NaOH solution, the molar mass of h₂x is 188.8 g/M.
How is molar mass calculated?Volume = 40ml = 0.04 L
mass of NaOH = 0.450 M
moles of NaOH = mass × volume
= 0.450 × 0.04
Therefore, moles of NaOH is = 0.018
The no. of moles required in the reaction:
H₂X(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) ⎯→ Na₂X(aq) + 2H₂O(l)
Now, moles of NaOH is [tex]\frac{0.018}{2}[/tex] which is equal to 0.009
We know,
molar mass of H₂x = mass of H₂x / moles of NaOH
= 1.70 / 0.009
= 188.88 g/M
The molar mass of H₂x is 188.8 g/M
What is molar mass?Molar mass of is defined as the mass of a substance in the gram of one mole of compound.
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2. based on your observations, what is the function of propylene glycol and methyl oleate in a hand cream?
The function of propylene glycol and methyl oleate in a hand cream is as a thickening agent and as an emulsifier and skin softener used in cosmetics.
ExplanationPropylene Glycol
Propylene glycol is a petroleum derivative product that has no odor and is colorless. This product is one of the products used as a raw material for making cosmetics. The function of propylene glycol is as a thickener for cosmetics such as facial moisturizers, facial cleansers, and other cosmetics that are liquid.
Methyl Oleate
Methyl Oleate is a long-chain saturated fatty acid found naturally in various animal and plant fats. Methyl oleate is solid and white in color, and has a mild aroma and is sometimes crystalline. The content contained in this product is often used as raw material for cosmetic products. The function of methyl oleate is as an emulsifier and lubricant that can soften the skin, and help keep cosmetic products from separating. One important function of methyl oleate in cosmetic products is to create a moist, slippery and unbreakable texture.
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How many spaces have been left for the possible discovery of new elements?
this is the answer to ur question hope is helpful
One volume of chlorine gas measured at STP would be liberated by the current of 2.5 ampere flowing for a period of 1.8 hours through an aqueous solution of silver chloride
The volume of chlorine gas produced at STP by the current of 2.5 amperes flowing for a period of 1.8 hours through an aqueous solution of silver chloride is 1.504 L.
What are the moles of chorine gas that are liberated at STP by passing a given current through an electrolyte containing chloride ions?The moles of chorine gas that are liberated at STP by passing a given current through an electrolyte containing chloride ions is determined from the equation of the oxidation reaction that occurs when chlorine gas is liberated from chloride ions.
The equation of the oxidation reaction is given below:
2 Cl⁻ ---> Cl₂ (g) + 2 e
From the equation of reaction, two moles of electrons liberated 1 mole of chlorine gas.
The volume of 1 mole of chlorine gas = 22.4 L
Quantity of current in 2 moles of electrons = 2 * 96500 C
Quantity of current in 2 moles of electrons = 193000 C
Quantity of current in 2.5 amperes flowing for a period of 1.8 hours = 2.5 * 1.8 * 3600
Quantity of current in 2.5 amperes flowing for a period of 1.8 hours = 12960 C
The volume of chlorine gas produced = 12960 * 22.4/1930000
The volume of chlorine gas produced = 1.504 L
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Complete question:
What volume of chlorine gas measured at STP would be liberated by the current of 2.5 amperes flowing for a period of 1.8 hours through an aqueous solution of silver chloride?
if you compared 1m solutions, was a 1m nacl solution less hypertonic than a 1m sucrose solution? what is you evidence? what about 1m nacl and 1m glucose and 1m sucrose?
If you compare 1 M Nacl solution, 1M glucose solution and 1M sucrose solution,1M Nacl solution is more hypertonic due to the dissociation of ions in the solution.
Of the two solutions the solution with higher osmotic pressure is called hypertonic. The extra pressure developed on the solution side due to the diffusion of solvent from its high amount through a semipermeable membrane is called the osmotic pressure.
Osmotic pressure= icRT
Where, i= van't hoff factor
c= concentration
R=Gas constant
t= temperature
The extent of dissociation or association of a solute in solution is expressed in terms of the van't hoff factor.
In 1M Nacl, as Nacl dissociates into ions in the solution its van't hoff factor becomes 2. In 1 M glucose it doesn't dissociate into ions. So van't hoff factor remains 1. And In 1 M sucrose,as it does not dissociate into ions van't hoff factor remains 1. So here Nacl has more osmotic pressure.
So, Nacl is hypertonic because of its dissociation into ions in the solution.
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the 2s and 2p sublevels are very close in energy, as are the 3s and 3p sublevels. explain how the orbital diagram for sodium confirms that the 3s sublevel is lower in energy than the 3p sublevel
The 2s and 2p sublevels are very close in energy, as are the 3s and 3p sublevels. The s sublevel is located lower on the page than the p sublevel.
Chemical bonds within substances contain energy. Exothermic reactions are those that release heat as well as chemical energy during the course of a reaction. The quantum theory defines a sublevel as an energy level. Sublevels in chemistry describe electron-related energies. Sublevels in physics can also refer to nuclear energy levels. A single orbital that can accommodate up to two electrons makes up the s-sublevel. Spherical best describes it. Since it is smaller than the 2s, which is smaller than the 3s, and so on, the 1s is the particle closest to the nucleus. 3 identical orbitals that resemble make up the p-sublevel.
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state any three properties that can be used to classify elements
Answer:
The elements on the Periodic Table have been organized into groupings based on the chemical and reactive properties of the elements. The three major groups are the metals, nonmetals, and metalloids. The metals towards the left and lower parts of the Table tend to give up electrons in chemical bonding. The nonmetals to the right and upper parts of the Table tend to accept electrons in chemical bonding. The metalloids some say have an identity crisis and are a band of elements in between the metals and nonmetals which can show characteristics of the bordering groups depending on the type of bonding or chemical reaction. This group is also the foundation of our semiconductor, integrated circuit industries.Other groupings of the elements are into "families" based on the chemical nature of the elements. Some of these are the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, chalcogens, halogens, and inert/noble gases. There is also a semi-grouping of elements above atomic number 83 as these tend to be unstable and show natural radioactivity. Additionally, one could group the elements based on their physical states at room temperatures, such as solids, liquids, and gases.
In all both, chemical and physical properties are used to classify and group elements into useful associative collections based on these attributes. It simply depends on the purpose for the classification.