Protons and neutrons are both subatomic particles that make up the nucleus of an atom. The main difference between the two is their electrical charge. Protons have a positive charge, while neutrons have no charge (they are neutral). The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom is called the atomic number, and this number determines the element to which the atom belongs. The number of protons and neutrons together is called the atomic mass, which determines the isotope of an element.
Another difference is the mass, protons have a slightly less mass than neutrons. Protons have a mass of about 1 atomic mass unit (amu), while neutrons have a mass of about 1.008 amu.
In terms of their behavior and interactions, protons and neutrons also have different properties. Protons, because of their positive charge, are affected by electromagnetic forces, while neutrons are affected by the strong nuclear force. Because of this, protons are more likely to interact with other particles, while neutrons tend to remain in the nucleus.
In summary, protons and neutrons are both subatomic particles that make up the nucleus of an atom. The main difference between the two is their charge, protons are positively charged while neutrons are neutral. They also have different mass and behavior due to the forces that affect them.
A marble statue stands on a square pedestal whose side lengths are 2. 30 m. Together, the statue and pedestal weight 3450 N. What is the pressure the statue exerts on the floor in Pa?
A marble statue placed on a square pedestal with 2.30 m-long side lengths produces 652 Pa (about) of pressure on the ground. The statue and pedestal weigh 3450 N altogether.
Given:
Weight in total: 3,450 N
Side length: 2.3 metres
Find:\sPressure
Computation:
Side by Side = Area of Statute
Statutory area equals 2.3 by 2.3
Statute area: 5.29 m2.
Weight x Area Equals Pressure
Pressure equals 3,450 / 5.29
Pressure equals 652 Pa (Approx)
The force delivered perpendicularly to an object's surface per unit area across which that force is dispersed is known as pressure (symbol: p or P).
445 The pressure relative to the surrounding air is known as gauge pressure, often written gauge pressure[a].
Pressure is expressed using a variety of units. The SI unit of pressure, the pascal (Pa), for instance, is equal to one newton per square metre (N/m2). Similarly, the pound-force per square inch (psi,) is equal to one newton per square inch (N/in2).
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a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction.
A reactant is a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction.
What is reaction?Reaction is the process of responding to an event, action, or stimulus. It can refer to a mental, physical, or emotional response. In the physical world, it can be seen as a response to an external force such as gravity, motion, or pressure. In the biological world, reaction can refer to a response to a chemical, biological, or psychological stimulus. In the psychological world, reaction can refer to an emotional or mental response to a particular situation or event. In social situations, reaction can refer to the way a person responds to the actions of others. In all cases, it is important to note that a reaction is a response to a stimulus and not an action itself.
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Is no2 an ionic compound?
NO2, also known as nitrogen dioxide, is a covalent compound, not an ionic compound.
Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is one of the highly reactive gases referred to as nitrogen oxides or oxides of nitrogen (NOx). Two other nitrogen oxides are nitric and nitrous acids. NO2 is utilised as the indicator for the wider category of nitrogen oxides. The largest source of NO2 in the atmosphere is the burning of fuel. Ionic compounds are typically composed of a metal and a nonmetal, and are held together by electrostatic forces between positively and negatively charged ions. Covalent compounds, on the other hand, are composed of nonmetal atoms that are held together by covalent bonds, which are formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms.
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Is a 1 mole the same as 1 molecule?
1 mole does not same as 1 molecule.
Mole is termed as the amount of a substance which contains the same number of atoms, ions, or molecules as the number of atoms present in 12g of the carbon−12 isotope. It has a numerical value and they helps in measuring the quantity of a substance. It can be denoted as 'mol'.
Molecule refers to the collection of the same or the different types of atoms having independent existence. They will quantifies the collection of atoms. Chemical formula can be used to represent a molecule.
1 mole of any element or a compound contains an Avogadro's number of the atoms that is 6.022×10³. Whereas, molecules can be expressed in units of grams, milligrams or even moles. O₂, CH₄ etc.
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When water reacts with potassium metal the hydrogen produced ignites explosively on the surface of water.What causes ignition?
Explanation: Pottasium reacts with water vigorously and the reation is exothermic. The heat released causes the hydrogen released to ignite.
Answer: Pottasium reacts with water vigorously and the reation is exothermic. The heat released causes the hydrogen released to ignite.
Then explain why they are used to form the words "geosphere," "hydrosphere," and "biosphere."
Answer: hi
The words "geosphere," "hydrosphere," and "biosphere" all use the root "sphere" to refer to different aspects of the Earth. The "geosphere" refers to the solid earth, including the land and rock formations. The "hydrosphere" refers to the Earth's water, including oceans, rivers, and lakes. The "biosphere" refers to the Earth's living organisms and their interactions with each other and the environment. The use of the word "sphere" in these terms refers to the holistic, global nature of these aspects of the Earth and their interactions with one another.
Explanation:
if a sample of ethane contains 2.71 x 10^24 atoms or carbon, at STP what is the total number of liters of ethane C2H6?
a- 67.5 L
b- 16.8 L
c- 101 L
d- 50.4 L
e- 202 L
A sample of ethane that contains 2.71 x [tex]10^{24[/tex] atoms of carbon at STP will have a 50.4 liters volume of ethane.
Volume of gas at STPAt STP, 1 mole of gas = 22.4 liters. Also, 1 mole of substances contains 6.02 x [tex]10^{23[/tex] atoms of the substances.
1 mole of ethane, [tex]C_2H_6[/tex], contains 2 moles of carbon atoms and 6 moles of hydrogen atoms.
2.71 x [tex]10^{24[/tex] atoms of carbon = 2.71 x [tex]10^{24[/tex] /6.02 x [tex]10^{23[/tex]
= 4.50 mols of carbon
2 moles of carbon = 1 mole of ethane
4.50 moles of carbon = 4.50x1/2
= 2.25 moles
1 mole of ethane = 22.4 liters
2.25 moles of ethane = 22.4 x 2.25
= 50.4 liters
In other words, the total volume of ethane in a sample that contains 2.71 x [tex]10^{24[/tex] atoms of carbon at STP would be 50.4 liters.
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What is the best way to describe the particles that make up a gas
They are very energetic.
The particles are in continual straight-line motion. They are much farther apart and move freely of each other.
an atom in its ground state is excited when it absorbs a single photon of light. the atom then relaxes back to the ground state by emitting two photons, the first, a red photon at 700 nm, and the second, an infrared photon at 2100 nm.what is the wavelength of the absorbed photon?
The wavelength of the absorbed photon is 700 nanometers.
We are given the following data:
Wavelength of red photon = 700 nm
Wavelength of infrared photon = 2100 nm
In order to find the wavelength of the absorbed photon:
We know that energy and wavelength of a photon are inversely proportional to each other.
Mathematically, it can be written as;
E ∝ [tex]\frac{1}{w}[/tex]
Where:
E is the energy.
W is the wavelength.
Above formula can be rewritten as follows:
[tex]\frac{1}{w}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{1}{w1}[/tex] + [tex]\frac{1}{w2}[/tex]
After substituting the given values into the formula, we'll get;
[tex]\frac{1}{w}[/tex] = [tex]\frac{1}{700}[/tex] + [tex]\frac{1}{2100}[/tex]
1/w = 300 + 1 / 2100
1/w = 301/2100
w = 2100/301 = 700 nanometers (approximately)
The wavelength of the absorbed photon is 700 nanometers.
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What is the dominant imf in the molecule ch3ch oh cooh?
The dominant IMF in the molecule CH3CH OH COOH is H-bonding.
The attraction between molecules known as hydrogen bonding is a unique form of dipole-dipole attraction; it is not a covalent bind to an individual hydrogen atom. It comes about as a result of the attraction between two extremely electronegative atoms, such as N, O, or F, and a hydrogen atom that is covalently bound to one of them.
Both CH3CH and CH3CH2OH can form hydrogen bonds, however, CH3CH2OH has more CH bonds and can interact with dispersion forces more strongly. The higher boiling point, therefore, belongs to the CH3CH2OH.
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Why is K2SO4 an empirical formula but not Na2C2O4?
The empirical formula of potassium sulphate is K₂SO₄ and Na₂C₂O₄ is not an empirical formula of any compound.
What is empirical formula ?The chemical formula of a compound that gives the proportions (ratios) of the elements present in the compound but not the actual numbers or arrangement of atoms is known as an empirical formula.
In most cases, the empirical formula is used to simply show which elements are present in a molecule. This is useful when you want to know what elements you're dealing with at a glance.
Thus, the empirical formula of potassium sulphate is K₂SO₄ and Na₂C₂O₄ is not an empirical formula of any compound.
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Compare two samples at 298 k. which sample has the higher vapor pressure? sample a holds 100 ml of a liquid in a 250 ml closed container. sample b holds 50 ml of the same liquid in a 100 ml closed container.
The sample with the higher vapor pressure is Sample B, because it has a smaller volume and therefore the molecules of the liquid have less space to move around in and are more likely to escape into the vapor phase. The concept used to answer this question is the Ideal Gas Law and the relationship between vapor pressure and the volume of a container.
The Ideal Gas Law states that PV = nRT, where P is the pressure, V is the volume, n is the number of moles, R is the ideal gas constant, and T is the temperature in Kelvin. Vapor pressure is defined as the pressure exerted by the vapor of a substance in equilibrium with its liquid phase. The smaller the volume of a container, the greater the likelihood that the molecules of a liquid will escape into the vapor phase, leading to a higher vapor pressure.
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who is credited with determining the number of particles in a mole of particles
The German chemist Amedeo Avogadro is credited with determining the number of particles in a mole of particles.
What is a Mole?
A mole is a unit used in chemistry to measure the amount of a substance. It is defined as the amount of a substance that contains as many elementary entities (atoms, molecules, and ions) as there are atoms in 12 grams of carbon-12. The mole allows chemists to work with the mass of a material, rather than the number of particles, allowing them to calculate the mass of a single molecule or atom.
He is credited with proposing what became known as Avogadro's law, which states that equal volumes of all gases at the same temperature and pressure contain the same number of molecules. This led to the determination of the number of particles in a mole of particles.
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Some metals have a molecular structure that makes them good conductors. Explain how understanding this relationship can help engineers make more powerful batteries.
Answer:eoiru[nq45[wrt
Explanation:
what is the correct composition of a neutral atom of helium-4?
Thee correct composition of a neutral atom of helium-4 is to consists two protons and two neutrons.
Helium-4 is a stable isotope of the element helium. It is by far the most abundant of her two naturally occurring isotopes of helium, accounting for about 99.99986% of the helium on Earth. Its nucleus is the same as an alpha particle, consisting of two protons and two neutrons. The atomic number of helium is 2. The 4 after the element name indicates the mass number of the helium 4 atom, and the neutral atom always has a number equal to the total number of protons and neutrons in its nucleus. Helium 4 atoms without electrons are alpha particles. Alpha particles are emitted from unstable nuclei.
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How do you calculate 1 mole of methane?
1 mole of methane is of 16 g and is equal to Avogadro's number i.e. 6.022*10^23 .
What is Methane?Methane is a primary source of natural gas and it is a hydrocarbon as well.Methane has a formula of CH4.Methane's atomic mass is 16g.Methane's mass of 16 g = 12g of C +4*1g of Hydrogens.As methane(CH4) is considered a greenhouse gas (GHG), its presence in the atmosphere has an impact on the planet's climate and temperature. There are many anthropogenic (influenced by humans) and natural sources which release methane.Hence, now you know that atomic mass of Methane is 16 g.
so the 16 g of Methane consist of 6.022*10^23 atoms in that mass.
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multivalent elements and polyatomic examples
An example of a multi valent element is chromium while an example of a polyatomic ion is the sulfate ion.
What are multivalent elements?In the simplest definition of the multivalent elements are the elements that have more than one valency and we find quite a number of these kind of elements among the transition elements.
These are the kind of elements that can be able to have a variable oxidation states. If we talk of the polyatomic ions we means the ions that are composed of more than one atom.
Hence, a polyatomic ion has more than one atom present in it.
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Does silver react with O2?
Yes, silver does react with oxygen. When silver combines with [tex]O_{2}[/tex], the reaction is known as an ionic reaction because the silver gives electrons to oxygen, resulting in silver oxide [tex](Ag_{2}O)[/tex].
In order to know that silver is a white, soft, lustrous metal and belongs to the fifth period of the periodic table. The molecular formula for silver is Argentum is the Latin name for Ag. It is categorized as a precious metal due to its rarity and great economic value. Metal reactivity is usually determined by how easily they lose electrons. This is typically established by the reactivity series, which places elements based on their reactivity. Metals placed above are the most reactive, while those placed below are the least reactive. Silver normally loses one electron in the reactivity series to generate a positively charged ion, [tex]Ag^{+1}[/tex]. Oxygen loses two electrons and becomes [tex]O^{-2}[/tex], a negatively charged ion. Because they are negatively charged, these ions stick together like glue.
As a result, silver oxide is an ionic compound. [tex]Ag_{2}O[/tex] is the formula for silver oxide.
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in what kind of orbitals do the lone-pair electrons on the oxygen of methanol reside, and are they in the same plane as the hydrogen and the group? both lone pairs reside in sp3 orbitals; they are co-planar with the hydrogen and the group. both lone pairs reside in sp3 orbitals; they are not co-planar with the hydrogen and the group. both lone pairs reside in sp2 orbitals; they are not co-planar with the hydrogen and the group. both lone pairs reside in sp2 orbitals; they are co-planar with the hydrogen and the group.
Both lone pairs of electrons on the oxygen of methanol reside in sp3 orbitals. They are not co-planar with the hydrogen and the group.
In methanol, the oxygen atom is bonded to a single carbon atom and one hydrogen atom. Oxygen is a group 6 element and has 6 valence electrons. In the Lewis structure of methanol, it forms one single bond with the carbon atom and one single bond with the hydrogen atom, which means it has 2 lone pairs of electrons remaining.
The orbitals in which these lone pairs of electrons reside are known as hybrid orbitals. In the case of the oxygen atom in methanol, the lone pairs of electrons are in hybridized sp3 orbitals. This is because the oxygen atom has four orbitals available for bonding:
One 2s Three 2p orbitals.To form four sigma bonds with other atoms, these four orbitals are hybridized to form four sp3 hybrid orbitals. These hybrid orbitals are arranged in a tetrahedral shape around the oxygen atom.
Regarding the co-planarity of the hydrogen and the group, the hybridized sp3 orbitals form a tetrahedral arrangement around the oxygen atom, which means that the orbitals are not co-planar with the hydrogen and the group.
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How does ethene react with oxygen?
Ethene is burnt in the presence of oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water, as well as heat and light. It symbolizes the combustion process.
Ethene is a member of the alkene family with a double bond, and its name indicates that it has two carbon atoms and hence has the molecular formula [tex]C_{2}H_{2}[/tex]. Its common name is ethylene. When ethene reacts with an excess of oxygen, it performs a combustion process (reactions in which when oxygen mixes with any molecule, it creates carbon dioxide and water), the double bond present in the ethene breaks and therefore produces water, carbon dioxide, and heat. The reaction is as follows:
[tex]C_{2}H_{4}+3O_{2}\to2CO_{2}+2H_{2}O+\text{Heat}+\text{light}[/tex]
As a result, the ethene molecule's reaction with oxygen is a combustion process.
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Suppose a small amount of heat Q flows from a system A at high temperature (350K) to a system B at low temperature (250K). If Q = 0. 5 J, mA = 1. 2 kg, and mB = 0. 6 kg, what will the total entropy change of the system be as a result?
A small amount of heat Q flows from a system A at high temperature (350K) to a system B at low temperature (250K). If Q = 0. 5 J, mA = 1. 2 kg, and mB = 0. 6 kg, the total entropy change of the system be 0.00057J/K.
Firstly we will be taking Q as a positive number,
Then, the entropy lost by A is Q/TA
= (-0.5 J)/(350 K)
= -1/700 J/K
= -0.00143 J/K.
Now, the entropy gain by B is Q/TB
= (0.5 J)/(250 K)
= 1/500 J/K
= +0.00200 J/K.
Therefore, the total entropy change of the system will be the the sum of entropy lost by A and entropy gain by B.
Hence the total entropy would be =0.00057 J/K.
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Boron has an average atomic mass of 10.81 amu (as given on the periodic table). Which isotope of boron do you think is most abundant: boron-10 or boron-11? Explain your answer. Check your response by using the sim to select boron and clicking on “Nature’s mix of isotopes”
Based on the average atomic mass of Boron as given on the Periodic table which is 10.81 amu, the isotope of Boron that is most abundant is Boron-11 because the average atomic mass of Boron is closer to 11 than it is to 10.
What are isotopes of elements?Isotopes are members of the same element's family but have variable numbers of neutrons despite having the same number of protons. The atomic number of an element on the Periodic Table is determined by the number of protons in its nucleus.
The average atomic mass of elements is obtained from the mass of the isotopes of the elements.
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Predict what must happen when a beaker containing a solution of lithium chloride is heated.
When the lithium chloride solution is heated, we provide the system with the necessary energy, and the result is a lithium chloride solution. Alternatively put, energy will be added to the system.
Furthermore, since the system is getting energy and the dissolving process is essentially an endothermic reaction in which heat is delivered to the system, the system will now be used as an example of an endothermic reaction. Lithium chloride is a chemical compound with the chemical formula LiCl. The salt is a typical ionic compound (with certain covalent properties), but the tiny Li ion exhibits features not shared by other alkali metal chlorides due to its small size.
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How many carbon atoms are in one mole of methane molecules?
The number of the carbon atoms are in the one mole of the CH₄, methane molecule is one carbon atom. It also contains the four hydrogen atom.
The given chemical compound is the methane . The chemical formula of the methane molecule is the CH₄. The methane molecule made up of the two elements. The carbon and the hydrogen . The methane molecules contains the one carbon atom and the four hydrogen atom.
The mole of the methane , CH₄ = 1 mole
The molar mass of the methane is 16 g/mol.
The 1 mole of the methane contains = one carbon atom + 4 hydrogen atoms.
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What is the total number of atoms in 1.0 mole of co2?
The total number of atoms in 1.0 mole of CO2 is 6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol. 6.022 x 10^23 is also represents the avogadro's number.
To find the total number of atoms in 1.0 mole of CO2, you can use Avogadro's number, which is the number of atoms in one mole of a substance. The number of atoms per mole is 6.022 x 1023.
You can calculate the total number of atoms in 1.0 mole of CO2 by multiplying the number of moles by Avogadro's number:
1.0 mole x 6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol = 6.022 x 10^23 atoms
So, there are 6.022 x 10^23 atoms in 1.0 mole of CO2.
It's important to note that CO2 is composed of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms, so the Avogadro's number applies to the total number of atoms in one mole of CO2, which is one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms.
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atomic chlorine has two naturally occurring isotopes: 35cl and 37cl, with abundances of 75.4% and 24.6%, respectively. a) in a bulk sample of cl2 what fraction of molecules will contain one of each isotope? b) what fraction will contain two 35cl isotopes?
a) In a bulk sample of Cl2, the fraction of molecules that will contain one of each isotope is equal to the product of the individual isotope 18.64%.
b) The fraction of Cl2 molecules that will contain two 35Cl isotopes is equal to the fraction of 35Cl isotopes squared: (75.4%)^2 = 57.15%.
In a bulk sample of Cl2, the fraction of molecules that will contain one of each isotope is equal to the product of the individual isotope fractions. This is because the probability of two independent events occurring together is the product of the probabilities of each event occurring separately. In this case, the two independent events are the presence of one 35Cl isotope and the presence of one 37Cl isotope in a single Cl2 molecule.
So, to find the fraction of Cl2 molecules that contain one of each isotope, we simply multiply the fraction of 35Cl isotopes (75.4%) by the fraction of 37Cl isotopes (24.6%):
(75.4%) * (24.6%)
= 18.64%.
To find the fraction of Cl2 molecules that contain two 35Cl isotopes, we square the fraction of 35Cl isotopes in the sample,
(75.4%)^2 = 57.15%.
This is because the probability of the same event happening twice is the square of the probability of the event happening once. In this case, the event is the presence of one 35Cl isotope in a single Cl2 molecule.
So, about 57.15% of Cl2 molecules will contain two 35Cl isotopes.
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I hat is a unique property of ether
Answer:
sparsely soluble in water due to H-bonding and hydrophobic alkyl or aryl groups.
Explanation:
Ethers are colorless, sweet-smelling, extremely volatile, and combustible liquids. Ethers are only sparsely soluble in water due to H-bonding and hydrophobic alkyl or aryl groups. Within themselves, ethers do not have hydrogen bonds.
What is reduction reaction with two example?
Reduction is the transfer of electrons between species in a chemical reaction, where there is a process of gaining electrons or a decrease in the oxidation state by an element.
A classic example of reduction is rusting: it is when oxygen reacts with iron to form rust. In this reaction, oxygen is reduced as it accepts electrons from the iron; the acceptance of electrons by oxygen is called reduction, while the iron losing electrons is called oxidation.The copper ion undergoes reduction by gaining electrons to form copper. The magnesium undergoes oxidation by losing electrons to form the 2+ cation. Or, you can view it as magnesium reducing the copper(II) ions by donating electrons. Magnesium acts as a reducing agent.Reduction ChemistryA reduction chemical reaction involves increasing electrons associated with a single atom or a group of atoms. A reduced atom, therefore, accepts electrons from another atom. The atom which supplies the electrons is thereby oxidized. Reduction involves a half-reaction in which a chemical species decreases its oxidation number, usually by gaining electrons. The other half of the reaction involves oxidation, in which electrons are lost. Together, reduction and oxidation form redox reactions.
Reduction is also the gain of electrons by a substance. It is the loss of oxygen from a substance.
Oxidant + e- = Product Oxidant has been reduced
For example, copper(II) oxide can be reduced to form copper when it reacts with hydrogen:
copper(II) oxide + hydrogen = copper + water
CuO + H2 = Cu + H2O
The oxidizing agent is the chemical that causes oxidation by providing oxygen, whereas the reducing agent causes the other chemical to be reduced by removing oxygen.
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How many molecules are there in 1.00 mole of molecular sulfur?
There are 6.022 × 10²³ molecules present in 1 mole of molecular sulfur.
According to Avogadro’s law, "under the same conditions of temperature and pressure, equal volumes of different gases contain an equal number of molecules."
Therefore 1 mole of any substance is equal to 6.022 × 10²³ atoms , molecules of ions present in it. 6.022 × 10²³ is known as Avogadro's number.
This law is valid for real gases at high temperature and low pressure.
This relation can be derived from the kinetic theory of gases for the assumption of a perfect or ideal gas.
The atomic mass of sulfur is 16 g
The molecular mass of sulfur S₂ is
= (16× 2) g/mol
=32g /mol
Thus, 32 g/mol of sulfur contains 6.022 × 10²³ molecules of sulfur.
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Silver tarnishes when exposed to oxygen and dihydrogen monosulfide. If a silver spoon has 0.0030 moles of tarnish on it, how many moles of H2S was it exposed to?
Silver tarnishes when exposed to oxygen and dihydrogen monosulfide. If a silver spoon has 0.0030 moles of tarnish on it, 0.0012 moles of H₂S was it exposed.
What is mole ?The term mole is defined as the amount of substance containing 6.023 × 10²³ particles.
1 mol = 6.023 × 10²³ particles.
1. 2 moles of H₂S = 2 moles of 2Ag₂S silver sulphide
2. 0.0012 moles ∙ (2 moles H₂S / 2 moles Ag₂S)
= 0.0012 H₂S
Thus, Silver tarnishes when exposed to oxygen and dihydrogen monosulfide. If a silver spoon has 0.0030 moles of tarnish on it, 0.0012 moles of H₂S was it exposed.
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