Activation of G-protein coupled receptors contribute to the long-term enhancement of the gill withdrawal reflex in Aplysia but is not involved in the short-term enhancement of the reflex.
The gill and siphon withdrawal reflex (GSWR) of the sea hare Aplysia californica, also known as a giant shell-less sea snail or sea slug, is an involuntary defence response that the sea hare does automatically. When the animal is startled, this response causes the sea hare's sensitive siphon and gill to retract, protecting them from further damage. Because of the ease of use and fairly large size of the underlying neuronal circuitry, the species Aplysia californica is utilized in the field of neuroscience research for the purpose of investigating the cellular basis of behaviour, such as habituation, dishabituation, and sensitization.
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Global warming would be an example of ___ factor in a firm's external environment.
Global warming would be an example of ecological factor in a firm's external environment.
Companies' responses have varied as a result of climate change emerging as one of the most significant challenges and causing increased uncertainty in the business community. Internal organisational capacities and external business unpredictability are the two elements that influence the implementation of carbon management practices towards environment . The managers and academics who are thinking about how to identify, design, and manage a firm's activities in response to the global warming challenge both within the organisation and with other organisations can refer to certain principles for sustainability.
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The most abundant component of plasma is?
water? not sure buddy
After teaching a group of students about fertilization, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies which as the usual site of fertilization?
After teaching a group of students about fertilization, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies the distal portion of fallopian tube as the usual site of fertilization.
What is fertilization?Fertilization is defined as binding of a male gamete(sperm) to a female gamete(ova) which would lead to the formation of a zygote.
Without fertilization, reproduction and conception cannot take place for the development of a foetus.
In female reproductive system, this fertilization takes place in the distal portion of fallopian tube.
Therefore, after teaching a group of students about fertilization, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the group identifies the distal portion of fallopian tube as the usual site of fertilization.
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The high efficiency particulate arrestor (hepa) filter in a recirculating biological safety cabinet will capture chemical vapors and gases:_______
High efficiency particulate arrestor is a type of air filter that can theoretically remove at least 99.97% of dust, pollen, mold, bacteria, and any airborne particles with a size of 0.3 microns. The HEPA filter does not remove vapors or gases.
HEPA air purifiers have some level of activated carbon-based material to absorb odors and chemicals .HEPA filters claim to remove particles like dust, allergens and mold spores from the air. HEPA filters are made by haphazardly arranging the polypropylene or fiberglass fibers (between 0.5 and 2.0 µm). While sometimes the fibers are arranged in a mess, the fibers can pass air through and trap some of the particles.
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Plasmolysis is the ________ of a bacterial cell in a ________ solution
Plasmolysis is the shrinking of a bacterial cell in a hypertonic solution.
Plant cells undergo a process known as plasmolysis when they are exposed to a solution that contains more solutes than the cells do. This is an example of a hypertonic solutionOsmosis is the process by which water leaves cells and enters the surrounding fluid. As a result, the protoplasm—all of the cell's internal components—shrinks away from the cell wall. Cell death may occur as a result of severe water loss that causes the cell wall to collapse. Cells cannot stop plasmolysis from occurring since osmosis is an uncontrollable process that uses no energy from the cell.learn more about Plasmolysis here: https://brainly.com/question/734740
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During the alarm stage of the body’s stress response, what emergency hormone is released to prepare the body to respond to a stressor?.
Answer:
Adrenaline
Explanation:
Adrenaline is a hormone that prepares the body for "fight or flight"
A client undergoes cerebral angiography for evaluation of a subarachnoid hemorrhage. which findings indicate spasm or occlusion of a cerebral vessel by a clot?
Hemiplegia, seizures, and decreased level of consciousness are the findings which indicate spasm or occlusion of a cerebral vessel by a clot.
The spasm or occlusion of a cerebral vessel by a clot leads to symptoms similar to those of a stroke.
The subarachnoid hemorrhage may occur as a complication type of a stroke called a hemorrhagic stroke, or bleeding inside the brain.
The hemiplegia, seizures, decreased level of consciousness, aphasia, hemiparesis, and increased focal symptoms.
Therefore, nausea, vomiting, and profuse sweating suggest a delayed reaction to the contrast medium used in cerebral angiography. The difficulty in breathing or swallowing may signal a hematoma in the neck. Tachycardia, tachypnea, and hypotension suggest internal hemorrhage.
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Microtearing that occurs during which muscle action is responsible for delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS)
micro tearing that occurs during which muscle action is responsible for delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is an eccentric. Option A
What is DOMS?The full meaning of the abbreviation is delayed onset muscle soreness.
Delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) can be defined as a muscle pain that begins after much exercise.
It normally starts a day or two after a workout and is not not felt during the exercise.
The pain felt during or immediately after a workout is termed acute muscle soreness.
Any exercise that leads to the delayed onset muscle soreness is one that leads to an eccentric muscle contraction
Eccentric contraction is defined as the muscle's contraction to bear load against the earth's gravity while being lifted.
Thus, micro tearing that occurs during which muscle action is responsible for delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is an eccentric. Option A
The complete question;
Microtearing that occurs during which muscle action is responsible for delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS)?
a. Eccentric
b. Concentric
c. Isometric
d. Isotonic
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In the lesson, maarit and her maya ancestors grew ________ as part of their routine.
Maarit and her Maya ancestor's civilizations grew potatoes, corn, beans, squash and chilies as part of their routine.
Which plants evolved from America?Different types of plants evolved in America and were selected by native civilizations, which include, among others, potatoes, corn, beans, squash and chilies.
Conventional breeding techniques were used by native civilizations such as Maya civilization in order to produce new crops, including maize, which is an extensive crop plant that shows genetic heterosis (it is an allogamous plant).
In conclusion, Maarit and her Maya ancestor's civilizations grew potatoes, corn, beans, squash and chilies as part of their routine.
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The embryonic period begins with ____ and lasts until the _____ week
The stage runs from the 5th through the 10th week of pregnancy
The first two weeks after conception are known as the germinal stage, the third through the eighth week is known as the embryonic period, and the time from the ninth week until birth is known as the fetal period.
What is Embryonic period ?Approximately four weeks after conception, the neural tube forms. This tube will later develop into the central nervous system including the spinal cord and brain.
The neural tube begins to form along with an area known as the neural plate.Each layer gives rise to specific tissues and organs in the developing embryo thus, the correct sequence is: Zygote --> Morula --> Blastula --> Gastrula --> Embryo.Learn more about Embryonic period here:
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The cytoplasmic membranes of ________ contain unbranched phospholipids and proteins.
The cytoplasmic membranes of both bacteria and eukaryotic cell contain unbranched phospholipids and proteins. A cell membrane is a phospholipid bilayer that encloses and protects the cytoplasm in practically all cells. In addition to lipids, proteins also make up biological membranes; the presence of these proteins distinguishes one membrane from another.
Phospholipids are restricted to the inner leaflet of the bacterial membrane and are not present in the outer membrane. Lipopolysaccharide makes up the majority of the glycolipids in the outer leaflet of the OM (LPS).
The plasma membrane is the double layer of lipids that divides the inside of the cell from the external environment and is present in eukaryotic cells. Phospholipids, a specialised lipid type, make up most of this double layer, where two hydrophobic fatty acid tails and a hydrophilic phosphate head make up a phospholipid.
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22. Robert Hooke, a French scientist, published Micrographia in which he described many
of his microscopic observations.
a. True b. False
Answer: false
Explanation:
What type of trait in mendel's studies could vanish in one generation and reappear in the next generation?
Recessive traits often seem to disappear because two recessive alleles are needed to produce the recessive phenotype. They can skip a generation and then reappear if an individual inherits two copies of the recessive gene. Mendel's experiments revealed that phenotypes could be hidden in one generation, only to reemerge in subsequent generations.
Recessive traits disappear because recessive alleles can hide out in heterozygotes, allowing them to persist in gene pools and natural selection can only see the phenotype, not the genotype. While harmful recessive alleles will be selected against and it's almost impossible for recessive alleles to completely disappear from a gene pool.
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Part of the brain oversees the postural muscles and control balance and equilibrium?
In brain, cerebellum controls the postural muscles and balance the equilibrium. By operating on the cerebral cortex via the thalamocortical projection and on the brainstem, the cerebellum regulates the cognitive and automatic processes of posture-gait regulation.
Both real-time sensory feedback via the spinocerebellar tract to the cerebellum and feedforward information from the cerebral cortex via the cortico-ponto-cerebellar pathway may play significant roles in these processes.
The cerebellum's ability to govern posture is mostly dependent on sensory afferents. Along with the vestibular nuclei, the floccules and vermis of the cerebellum also receive signals from the labyrinth via the vestibular nerve. Spinocerebellar pathways convey peripheral sensory data and a copy of the spinal cord's output to the fastigial nuclei (FN).
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what is the difference between artificial kidneys and natural kidneys
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The natural kidney continuously receives the blood and water, filter them and keep the body away from toxic wastes by the process of excretion. The artificial kidney is the device used in kidney damage persons only from time to time, under supervision of a specialist doctor.Explanation:
Hope it helps you!!Nurul refused to receive the free immunisations offered by the government for her son because she feels that his son is healthy and does not required immunisation. Do you agree with Nurul? Why?
Help plis thanks
Answer: No , as diseases that occur from micro organisms can still negatively effect a person even if healthy , therefore immunization can help fight the microbes
Explanation:
Which condition is characterized by a blowing or clicking sound?
The condition that is characterized by a blowing or clicking sound is heart murmur.
What is heart murmur?Heart murmur is defined as the abnormal sound made by the heart when blood flows through the heart abnormally.
The clinical features of heart murmur include:
Chest pain.Cough that doesn't go away.Dizziness.Swollen liver.The characteristics of heart murmur is that it has a blowing and clicking sound.
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Wu, S. F. et al. Hydroxychloroquine inhibits CD154 expression in CD4( ) T lymphocytes of systemic lupus erythematosus through NFAT, but not STAT5, signaling. Arthritis Res. Ther.19, 183 (2017)
The given statement that Hydroxychloroquine inhibits CD154 expression in CD4( ) T lymphocytes of systemic lupus erythematosus through NFAT, but not STAT5, signaling holds true.
What is the role of HCQ in the treatment of SLE?Overexpression of membranous CD154 in T lymphocytes has been found previously in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Because hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has been used frequently in the treatment of lupus, we sought to identify the effects of HCQ on CD154 and a possibly regulatory mechanism.
HCQ treatment had significant dose-dependent suppressive effects on membranous CD154 expression in ionomycin-activated T cells from lupus patients. Furthermore, HCQ inhibited intracellular sustained calcium storage release, and attenuated the nuclear translocation of NFATc2 and the expression of NFATc1. However, CD154 expressed through IL-15-mediated STAT5 signaling was not inhibited by HCQ treatment.
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what are biomolecules ?
Answer:
Biomolecules are an organic molecule that includes carbohydrates, protein, lipids, and nucleic acids.
Explanation:
They are important for the survival of living cells. Some of valuable biomolecules have huge demand, which cannot be fulfilled from their renewable resources.
1. Following a bicycle accident, you are disturbed to fi nd that you cannot see anything in your left visual fi eld. Where has the retinofugal pathway been damaged
The place where the Retinofugal pathway has been damaged is the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus.
What is Lateral Geniculate Nucleus?
The lateral geniculate nucleus is a structure present in the Thalamus of the brain. It connects the visual pathway with the primary visual cortex of the brain.
Any damage to the lateral geniculate nucleus leads to partial or complete loss of vision.
Also, the visual pathway can be affected at various levels thus presenting various types of visual losses.
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what is the function of any muscle tissue?
!! What is labeled "A" on the chart?
Answer:
can you put the chart
Explanation:
not enough information
When epiphyses fuse to the diaphyses, Group of answer choices the adolescent growth spurt begins. long bone growth is slowed. the diaphyses continue to grow but the epiphyses stop growing. full adult height is attained.
When epiphyses fuse to the diaphysis, full adult height is attained.
The epiphysis is just the round end of a very long bone, which is located at the joint with the bone that is close to it (s). The metaphysis, which includes the epiphyseal plate, can be found in the long bone between the epiphysis and the diaphysis (the long middle region of the long bone) (growth plate). At the joint, the epiphysis is covered by articular cartilage; below a certain covering is a zone called subchondral bone that is identical to the epiphyseal plate. The epiphysis is composed of red bone marrow, which is responsible for the production of red blood cells.
There is a developing zone of cartilage that sits between a long bone's diaphysis and both of its epiphyses (the epiphyseal plate). When a child reaches skeletal maturity, which typically occurs between the ages of 18 and 25, all of the cartilage is replaced by bone, and the diaphysis and both epiphyses become fused together (epiphyseal closure). This process involves the active osteoblasts that deposit bone structural proteins replacing the hyaline cartilage that was previously present in the epiphyseal area.
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What is the primary molecule that makes up cell membranes?
Answer:
Phospolipids are the primaey molecules that makes up cell membranes.
The nurse is required to wear a gown, gloves, goggles, and mask as personal protective equipment (PPE) when caring for an assigned patient. Which of the following would the nurse put on first
Gown
The nurse would put on the gown first when utilizing personal protective equipment (PPE). The nurse would then put on the mask, goggles, and gloves.
What is the sequence followed while wearing a personal protective equipment (PPE)?STEP 1: GOWN
Cover the entire body, from the neck to the knees, the wrists to the end, and the back. Fasten around the waist and neck.STEP 2: SHOE COVERS
Layer shoes with shoe covers on top.STEP 3: GLOVES
Apply the first set of gloves and inspect them for tears. Thumb hole made in lab coat Thumb through opening in lab coat after pulling it over the hand Put on a second set of gloves (extend to cover wrist)STEP 4: MASK OR RESPIRATOR
As you cup the respirator in your hands, place the nosepiece there.With the nosepiece up, place the respirator under your chin. Pull the top strap over your head, putting it at the back of your head.Pull the bottom strap so that it is around your neck and just behind your ears.Mold the nose using two hands.Put both hands over the mask and take a forceful breath out.If air leaks, adjust the mask.STEP 5: GOGGLES OR FACE SHIELD
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What is the part of the nervous system that receives information about what is happening within the body and in the outside environment
The peripheral nervous system receives information from the environment and relays commands from the central nervous system to organs and glands.
What is the peripheral nervous system?The nerves that emerge from the brain and spinal cord make up the peripheral nervous system. The CNS and the body components are connected through a network of nerves. The somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system are additional divisions of the peripheral nervous system.
The somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system are two subsystems of the peripheral nervous system. With the exception of the optic nerve (cranial nerve II) and the retina, the cranial nerves make up the PNS in the somatic nervous system. The second cranial nerve is a tract of the diencephalon and not a real peripheral nerve. The CNS is where the cranial nerve ganglia were born. The PNS, however, is thought to include the ten remaining cranial nerve axons because they travel outside of the brain. Smooth muscle and glands are subject to involuntary control by the autonomic nervous system. The sympathetic and parasympathetic states of the system are made possible by the relationship between the central nervous system and the organs.
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Describe how the design and function of the lungs is evidence of a wise creator.
lungs are part of the respiratory system, a group of organs and tissues that work together to help you breathe. The respiratory system's main job is to move fresh air into your body while removing waste gases. The lungs are the major organs of the respiratory system, and are divided into sections, or lobes. The right lung has three lobes and is slightly larger than the left lung, which has two lobes. The lungs are separated by the mediastinum. This area contains the heart, trachea, esophagus, and many lymph nodes. main functions of the lungs are Delivers oxygen to the cells in your body. Removes waste gases, including carbon dioxide, from the body when you exhale.
The primary function of the respiratory system is to supply the blood with oxygen in order for the blood to deliver oxygen to all parts of the body. The respiratory system does this through breathing. When we breathe, we inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide.
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Immature seed cones of conifers are usually green before pollination, and flowers of grasses are inconspicuously colored. What does this indicate about how they are pollinated
Why do nonsense mutations tend to impact the final protein product more than missense mutations?
Nonsense mutations tend to impact the final protein product more than missense mutations because they produce shorter proteins due to the precense of the premature stop codon.
What are the types of point mutations?Although, in some cases, mutations make the resulting proteins more efficient, usually, they make them less efficient than they should be.
In those cases in which the mutations turn to be beneficial for the protein function, it is favored by natural selection, and it fixates. This is what leads to evolution.
If the mutation is not favorable, it just gets lost.
When a change occurs in a single base pair, it is known as a point mutation.
Points mutations might be either silent, missense, or nonsense.
In silent mutations, the resulting mRNA codon codes for the same amino acid as the unmutated sequence. However, if the mutation causes the mRNA codon to code for a different amino acid, this mutation is a missense mutation. Finally, if the mutation causes mRNA codon to be a premature stop codon, we are referring to a nonsense mutation.Missense mutations might alter the protein's function or not, depending on the mutation site and on wheather if the mutated amino acid is near or not to the active site. However, the protein length is the same.
Nonsense mutations change the original codon for a premature stop codon that should not be there. Hence, the protein will be shorter and there are higher chances of altering its functions.
Nonsense mutations tend to impact the final protein product more than missense mutations because they produce shorter proteins due to the precense of the premature stop codon.
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Pechloff, K., J. Holch, U. Ferch, M. Schweneker, K. Brunner, M. Kremer, T. Sparwasser, L. Quintanilla-Martinez, U. Zimber-Strobl, B. Streubel, A. Gewies, C. Peschel, and J. Ruland. 2010. The fusion kinase ITK-SYK mimics a T cell receptor signal and drives oncogenesis in conditional mouse models of peripheral T cell lymphoma. J Exp Med 207: 1031-1044.
The given statement that the fusion kinase ITK-SYK mimics a T cell receptor signal and drives oncogenesis in conditional mouse models of peripheral T cell lymphoma holds TRUE.
What are t cells?White blood cells called T-cells collaborate with macrophages. Each T-cell can only combat one particular virus, in contrast to macrophages which may assault any invading cell or virus. This can lead you to believe that macrophages are more powerful than T cells, however this is untrue. T-cells, on the other hand, act more like a special forces unit that only engages in one type of virus attack on your body.
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