The adaptive immune system may be involved in osonization.
Option A is accurate.
What are the adaptive immune response's four defining traits?Antigenic specificity, variety, immunologic memory, and the capacity to distinguish between the self and the non-self are the four features of adaptive immunity. Lymphocytes (B-cells and T-cells) and antigen-presenting cells participate in an immune response (macrophages, B-cells, and dendritic cells).
Interferons play a role in the adaptive system, right?IFNs are a class of pleiotropic cytokines that were first identified for their capacity to prevent virus replication. But it is now known that these cytokines are crucial in controlling both innate and adaptive immunity.
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What is another term for undifferentiated cells?
A. epithelial cells
B. stem cells
C. muscle cells
D. nerve cells
name the four main components of macconkey agar. which makes the agar selective? which component makes the agar differential? for which organism type is it selective? for which group is it differential
MacConkey agar (MAC) is selective and differential bacterial culture media.
was, developed by Alfred Theodore MacConkey in 20th century.
It contains the essential nutrients required for microorganism growth.
MacConkey agar contains 4 components-
1. lactose,
2. bile salts
3. crystal violet
4. neutral red
Bile salts and crystal violet act as selective agents and they make the agar selective
Selective because it is selective to gram negative bacteria.
example, staphylococcus gives pale pink color in M.A because it is able to grow in this medium.
Differential because as it contains lactose it differentiates between gram negative lactose fermenter and gram-negative non-fermenters.
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What is the best method of checking the temperature of a delivery of fresh fish?.
Answer:
The best method of checking the temperature of a fresh fish, from a delivery is, to "Insert a thermometer probe in the thickest part of the fish".
Explanation:
Hope this helps!!!
On the ventral surface of the brain, you can observe the optic nerves and chiasma, the pituitary gland, and the mammillary bodies. These externally visible structures form the floor of the __________.
On the ventral surface of the brain, the optic nerves and chiasma, the pituitary gland, and the mammillary bodies can be seen. These externally visible structure form the floor of the diencephalon.
Diencephalon is one part that lies behind the forebrain, which involves the thalamus, hypothalamus, and also the epithalamus.
The diencephalon one of the prominent parts of our brain. Its location is hidden and its size is bit small, the exact location of this diencephalon is between the hemispheres of the brain and on top of the brainstem.
Though it have small size still the diencephalon plays a prominent role in brain health and body action as the diencephalon is the part of the brain that give signals and coordinate with our body parts.
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4. Identify possible solutions (for hurricanes).
Solution #1:
Solution #2:
Solution #3:
Solution #4:
Solution #5:
Hello..!
4. Identify possible solutions (for hurricanes).
Not burningDo not litternot felling treesDo not throw waste into the seaSave water (No votes a lot)I don't know if you meant that and if not here is another way :v
Buy your groceries before the hurricaneDo not leave homeIf you are in the hurricane keep calmProtect your house with anticyclonic curtains.Have emergency lamps.I hope those of the 2 have served you.
Greetings.
One way that regulation is often studied is by examining the effects of mutations. For example, mutations within the parts of the lac operon have been well studied. Which of these mutants would be considered a constitutive mutant?.
The mutant so one can be taken into consideration as a constitutive mutant is a mutation withinside the gene for the repressor.
In the sphere of biology, a constitutive mutant may be defined as a mutation that outcomes withinside the overproduction of a gene. This situation takes place due to the fact the gene expression for that unique gene turns into uncontrollable.
A constitutive mutant might also additionally motive a mutation to arise withinside the repression of a gene. Repressors are proteins that prevent gene expression for a selected gene.
If, because of a mutation, a repressor is not capable of prevent the gene expression, then this may be a constitutive mutation.
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How much ATP is made throughout the course of Glycolysis, Krebb’s Cycle and the ETC? Account for any ATP spent, in which phase the ATM production/spending occurs, and the type of ATP production in each case. When the type is oxidative phosphorylation, state which molecules (NADH or FADH2) are producing ATP and how much.
The amount of ATP generated during all cellular respiration is 38 ATP molecules per glucose molecule (2 ATP glycolysis, 2 ATP Krebs cycle, and 34 ATP oxidative phosphorylation). During this process, NADH and FADH₂ are combined with oxygen to generate ATP.
What is the cellular respiration process?The cellular respiration process refers to a series of metabolic pathways which include Glycolysis, Krebb’s Cycle and oxidative phosphorylation (it in turn includes the electron transport chain or ETC) in order to generate ATP, the energy coin of the cell.
In regard to the production, 2 ATP molecules derive from glycolysis, 2 ATP molecules derive from the Krebs cycle, and 34 ATP molecules derive from oxidative phosphorylation.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that cellular respiration is able to produce 38 molecules of ATP per each glucose that enters into the process.
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what is the evolutionary benefit to meiosis in reproduction? select only one answer choice. group of answer choices meiosis produces gametes with half the required number of chromosomes that the offspring will need. meiosis produces gametes that are identical to their parent cells. meiosis produces gametes with new combinations of alleles in the chromosomes. meiosis allows for growth and plasticity in multicellular organisms
The evolutionary benefit of meiosis in reproduction is meiosis produces gametes with new combinations of alleles in the chromosomes. Therefore, the correct answer is the third option.
Meiosis is the process of chromosomal reduction that leads to the production of gametes (sex cells) needed for sexual reproduction. It only appears in eukaryotic cells that only plants, animals, and fungis have.
In this process, the double set of chromosomes is reduced into a single set. The single sets combine in sexual reproduction, resulting in double-set offspring. That allows a new combination of alleles in the new gametes while conserving the chromosomal number of the species.
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The table shows the energy that is stored in three types of organic molecules.
Energy Storage in Humans
Free glucose in blood has 4 kilocalories per gram, 40 kilocalories of energy storage, and a few minutes of life support time. Glycogen has 4 kilocalories per gram, 600 to 1600 kilocalories of energy storage, and 1 day of life support time. Lipids have 9 kilocalories per gram, 100,000 kilocalories of energy storage, and 30 to 40 days of life support time.
What is the best conclusion based on this data?
Blood is a primary location for energy storage.
Fat molecules contain more energy-containing bonds than simple sugars.
A gram of glycogen has twice as much energy as a gram of fat.
The human body stores approximately 1,000 kcal of glucose.
Based on the data shown, the best conclusion would be that fat molecules contain more energy-containing bonds than simple sugars. Option 2.
Drawing conclusions based on dataFrom the available data shown in the illustration, the following can be deduced:
1 gram of free glucose = 4 kilocalories, 40 kilocalories of energy storage, few minutes of life support.1 gram of glycogen = 4 kilocalories, 600 to 1600 kilocalories of energy storage, 1 day life support.1 gram of lipid = 9 kilocalories, 100,000 kilocalories of energy storage, 30 to 40 days of life support.Based on the information extracted, one can see that glucose offers the lowest amount of energy, storage energy, and life support time per gram.
On the other hand, lipid appears to offer the highest energy, storage energy, as well as life support time. Glucogen has values that lie in-between glucose and lipid.
In other words, fats being a type of lipid appears to contain more energy-containing bonds than simple sugar, glucose.
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Answer:B
Explanation: took the test
Name three social benefits provided by biodiversity
Answer:1. Research, education and monitoring
2. Recreation & tourism
3. Cultural values
Explanation:
which of the following is correct about primary and secondary metabolism? group of answer choices primary and secondary metabolism are both essential for all plants to survive over the short-term (days) seondary metabolism is essential for short-term survival (days) but primary metabolism is different for different species and is only important for longer term survival including reproduction primary metabolism is common to all plants but secondary metabolism may be different in different plants primary metabolism involves pathways which were discovered first, secondary metabolism involves pathways which were discovered later
It is true that "Primary metabolism is common to all plants but secondary metabolism may be different in different plants."
The immediate outcomes of metabolic activities are referred to as metabolites. Enzymes in our bodies act as catalysts for these to carry out particular tasks. These metabolites are divided into two broad categories, primary and secondary, due to the body's numerous processes.
Primary Metabolites: Primary metabolites are produced as a result of the fundamental metabolic functions induced by body enzymes. Your body's functions, like cell growth, are aided by these in turn. Additionally, these metabolites aid in cellular activity maintenance.
Secondary Metabolites: Primary metabolites produce byproducts known as secondary metabolites. Naturally, these are not directly involved in bodily functions like cell growth and maintenance. Consequently, they also do not constitute central metabolites.
Basic life processes involve primary plant metabolites; Consequently, they are roughly comparable in all living cells. Secondary plant metabolites, on the other hand, are products of subsidiary pathways like the shikimic acid pathway.
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why might it be advantageous to add a preassembled block of 14 sugars to a protein in the er, rather than building the sugars chains step-by-step on the surface of the protein by sequential addition of sugars by individual enzymes?
An investigation into the different sugar (carbohydrate) molecules that cells connect to proteins. Glycoproteins are proteins that include carbohydrates.
What is the name of the procedure whereby a protein in the endoplasmic reticulum is given a sugar addition?The signal sequence is often separated from the protein when it emerges on the luminal surface of the ER membrane by an enzyme known as signal peptidase. additionally, in a procedure called glycosylation.
What is the term for the combination of a protein and a carbohydrate?Proteins with covalently attached carbohydrates are known as glycoproteins. Each and every living thing contains them, in both there are soluble and insoluble versions with various uses and characteristics. 1-3 Certainly.
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bacterial colonies can be transferred from a master plate to secondary plates in the same configuration using a transferring agent such as a sterile velvet cloth. this technique is known as .
Bacterial colonies can be transferred from a master plate to secondary plates in the same configuration using a transferring agent such as a sterile velvet cloth this technique is known as replica plating .
Replica plating is the technique by which each colony is inoculated onto another plate according to a numbered pattern. replica plating allows each clone to be tested different variety of methods, while a master plate is always reserved to pick the clones .
Replica plating saves time and labor of lab technician and helps them to work of larger population of bacterial colonies by using isolation method .
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a type of descent group that is based on a claim to a founding ancestor but lacks genealogical documentation is a:
Lineage is a type of descent group that is based on a claim to a founding ancestor but lacks genealogical documentation.
Lineage analysis, which was designed to investigate early embryos, is by far the most powerful and comprehensive approach to finding stem cells and decoding other aspects of tissue activity. The cell constitutes the most fundamental structural unit of life.
Schleiden postulated that new cells form within old cells, particularly the nucleus. Rudolf Virchow created the "Theory of Cell Lineage," which claims that all cells emerge from pre-existing cells. A cell is recognized in a lineage-tracing research by the expression of a gene product.
When that cell splits, the reporter's expression is passed on to every descendants, and the migration of these tagged cells may be easily observed. Beta galactosidase or a fluorescence protein are examples of typical reporter genes.
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enteropeptidase deficiency is an inborn error of metabolism that causes malabsorption of protein. the most likely explanation for this malabsorption is that in the absence of enteropeptidase, the only protease zymogen that could be converted to its active form is:
The only protease zymogen that could be converted to its active form in the absence of enteropeptidase is chymotripsinogen.
Trypsinogen is transformed into active trypsin by enteropeptidase, which also activates several pancreatic zymogens in addition to hydrolyzing a few peptide links in specific dietary proteins. Enteropeptidase is a crucial enzyme in the digestion of dietary proteins because of this, and its lack may cause severe protein malabsorption.
Trypsinogen, which is enteropeptidase's main substrate, undergoes a limited amount of proteolysis to release trypsin with catalytic activity. By limited proteolysis, trypsin then acts on the 4 other zymogens to release chymotrypsin, elastase, and carboxypeptidases A and B that are catalytically active.
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for hfr conjugation, of the rolling cycle replication takes one gene per second to transfer, what is the result of the recipient after a 3 second conjugation?
For hfr conjugation, of the rolling cycle replication takes one gene per second to transfer, what is the result of the recipient after a 3 second conjugation then There is a copy of that in the recipient cell.
Bacterial conjugation, often known as bacterial sex, is a key method of horizontal gene transfer in which DNA is directly transferred from a donor bacterium to a receiver bacterium. The typical form of a recipient cell is aplasma or some chromosomal D. N. A. One of the components of donor cells is the H. F. R. F. DNA from chromosomes and plasmids will be transferred to a recipient cell.
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Deafness in cocker spaniels is inherited. the allele for deafness (d) is recessive to the allele for hearing (d). two cocker spaniels that are heterozygous for hearing are mated together. what is the chance that a puppy will be deaf?
if a flood causes the death of 50% of small mammals, which population would exhibit the most loss of genetic diversity in its future generations? a. 602 mammals b. 60 mammals c. 600 mammals d. 603 mammals e. 6000 mammals
60 mammals population would exhibit the most loss of genetic diversity in its future generations.
The correct option is B.
Why is genetic diversity?The ability of communities to adapt to changing situations is facilitated by genetic variety. More diversity increases the likelihood that certain members of a group will have allele variations that are appropriate for the environment. Those people have a higher chance of living long enough to have children who carry that allele.
Why is genetic diversity important for species?Genetic variety is alluded to as this. It improves a species' and population's resistance to diseases, pests, climatic changes, and other pressures. Their ability to adapt and evolve is supported by gene variants.
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How can Base Substitutions, Deletions, and Insertions cause changes in DNA and possibly lead to new traits.
Base Substitutions, Deletions, and Insertions cause changes in DNA and possibly lead to new traits through mutation process
DNA is a dynamic and adaptable molecule and as such the nucleotide sequence found within it are subject to change as the result of a phenomenon called mutation and depending on how a particular mutation modifies an organism genetic makeup and it can prove harmless and helpful and sometime a mutation may even cause dramatic changes in the physiology of an affected organism and mutation can be grouped into two main categories based on where they occur and that are somatic mutation and germ line mutation
Base Substitutions : they involve the swamping of one nucleotide for another during DNA replicationDeletions : is the type mutation that involve the loss of one or more nucleotides from a segment of DNA Insertions : is the type of mutation that involves the addition of one or more nucleotides from a segment of DNAKnow more about Base Substitutions
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what was the purpose of the water-filled transperent plastic tank in the chollera photosyntegis experiments?
The chollera photosynthesis system's water-filled translucent plastic tank. A water tank is placed in the path of the light to dissipate heat.
How are plastics made?Through the polymerization and polycondensation process, mineral wealth like cellulose, coal, nat gas, salt, and petroleum products are used to create polymers. Plastics are created using natural, organic materials including cotton, coal, nat gas, salt, or, of course, crude oil.
What does the word "plastic" actually mean?A group of materials known as plastics can be moulded when they're soft and afterwards hardened to keep the intended shape. These materials may be created artificially or organically. Plastics are made of polymers. A polymer is a substance made up of several repeating units.
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why is there different numbers of lobes on the right and left lungs in fetal pig. why would this be the case?
Because the left lung needs to be smaller to make room for the heart, there are differing numbers of lobes on the right and left lungs of fetal pigs.
How do the right and left lungs of a pig differ from one another?Each side of the pig lung is divided into a number of lobes. In contrast to humans, who have three lobes on one side and two on the other, pigs have four lobes on their right lung and three on their left.
How many lung lobes do pigs have compared to how many humans do?Compared to humans, who have three right and two left lobes, swine lungs have two left and four right lobes.
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protozoal (parasitic) infection associated with aids that may cause pneumonitis, hepatitis, and encephalitis: a.kaposi sarcoma b.toxoplasmosis c.pneumocystis jiroveci (formerly carinii) pneumonia d.cryptococcus e.herpes simplex
protozoal (parasitic) infection associated with aids that may cause pneumonitis, hepatitis, and encephalitis: b.toxoplasmosis
What causes pneumonia most frequently in AIDS patients?One of the most frequent and potentially fatal causes of pneumonia in patients with HIV is an infection with the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae, often known as Pneumococcus. For protection against Streptococcus pneumoniae infection, people with HIV should receive a vaccination.
Immune system dysfunction is the primary cause of fungus infection (either local immunity over the skin or mucous membranes or systemic immunity as seen in the case of certain conditions such as diabetes ).
The most frequent cause of encephalitis is the herpes simplex virus, which also causes cold sores, varicella zoster virus, which causes chickenpox and shingles, measles, mumps, and rubella viruses, and encephalitis.
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What are the Independent, Dependent, and Controlled Variables?
I am observing the different stages of cell division by observing the tip of an onion root under a microscope and the time spent in each cycle.
During its completed cell division cycle, the onion root cell will have spent 68% in Interphase, 16% in Prophase, 6% in Metaphase, 4% in Anaphase, 4% in Telophase, and 2% in Cytokinesis.
What are the independent, dependent, and controlled variables of the onion roots cell division?
For more info my lab report is attached
When observing onion roots cell division may be defined as the time for division being the independent variable, the number of cells being the dependent variable and the controlled variable being the room temperature.
What is the independent variable?The independent variable is the variable that doesn't change along the experimental procedure while the dependent variable is modified by the conditions. The controlled variable is the same for all treatments.
Therefore, with this data, we can see that the independent variable is not modified while the dependent variable change in function of the independent variable.
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which antifungal drug acts by inhibiting biosynthesis of essential components of the fungal cell wall, which interferes with growth and reproduction
Conazoles is the class of drugs that acts by inhibiting biosynthesis of essential components of the fungal cell wall, which interferes with growth and reproduction.
Drugs are the chemical components that are used to cause some physiological or psychological changes in the body of an organism. If used in required amounts, the drugs act as medications. However, the excessive use of drugs can cause addiction that causes severe after-effects later or even death.
Fungal cell wall is composed of chitin, glucans and glycoproteins. It is present outside the cell membrane and has a hard outer appearance. Since it is not present in humans, it acts as the best target for anti-fungal products.
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13. would putamen neurons fire as a person is reaching for a doughnut, or in anticipation of the reach? would the firing correspond with the position of the doughnut or with the starting position of the arm? what does this suggest about the role of the putamen?
Neurons of the putamen are fired in the anticipation of the reach of the object.
Neurons of the putamen would fire in anticipation of the reach .Instead of the arm's location, the doughnut's position would be matched by this firing. This suggests that the putamen is more crucial for encoding the decision to move in the direction of a goal than the actual movement.
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true or false: pachycephalosaurs have a frill, or margin of bone that protrudes off the back of the skull. group of answer choices
TRUE-pachycephalosaurs have a frill, or margin of bone that protrudes off the back of the skull.
Pachycephalosaurs, which means "thickheaded lizard" in Greek, was a small family of dinosaurs with an astonishingly high entertainment value. The skulls of these two-legged herbivores ranged from faintly thick to truly dense (in later genera like Stegoceras). It is popular for having a bigger, bone dome a top its skull which was up to 25 cm (10 in) thick and sheltered its tiny brain. The skull was short and had large, rounded eye sockets that faced forward, indicating that the animal had good eyesight and could see in both directions. Pachycephalosaurus had a short muzzle and a pointed beak. The teeth were tiny, with crowns shaped like leaves.
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Someone please help...
Construct a model explaining the seasonal (black curve) fluctation of atmospheric CO2 at the global scale.
Thank you☆
The annual changes in carbon dioxide are caused by seasonal plant growth, whereas the cumulative rise over many years is due to a combination of fossil fuel consumption, deforestation, and cement production.
What is the fluctuating atmospheric CO2 at the global scale?Although photosynthesis also takes place in the oceans, only land-based photosynthesis drives the seasonal cycles, since very little of the CO2 produced there actually enters the atmosphere.
Therefore, Since seasonal CO2 swings are a result of photosynthesis, areas with more vegetation will see more variations.
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janet is 12 weeks pregnant. at this point, her developing baby is called a(n): zygote. embryo. fetus. teratogen.
At 12 weeks pregnant the baby is at foetal stage of development.
The foetal stage of development follows embryonic development. Fetal development in humans starts in the ninth week following fertilisation and lasts until birth. The sex organ are grown and theer is no missing organ. If there is a defect at this stage in formation of body parts at this stage it will be carried till end of pregnancy. Although the baby will be moving a lot, it's too early for you to feel their motions just yet.
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explain how dark matter gave rise to the structure of the universe
The dark energy does not have any local gravitational effects this energy generate a repulsive force, which tends to accelerate the expansion of the universe.
Dark matter played an important role in the formation of galaxies. Many studies have shown how location of dark matter in the universe depends on the light from distant galaxies bends as it reaches toward us.
Gravity and dark energy have involved in a cosmic pull and push. Gravity pulls galaxies closer together while dark energy pushes them apart. As a result universe is expansion or contraction depends on what force dominating, gravity or dark energy.
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Question
What is the purpose of a drug ad placed by a drug company that mentions a medical condition, but not a drug name?
The main purpose is to increase people’s awareness of a medical condition.
The drug company hopes people will demand that the government spend money on research for the condition.
The goal is to get people to ask their doctor about drugs that might treat a condition.
The purpose is for people to join an organization that works to help the condition.
.
Explanation:
to get people to ask their doctor about drugs that might treat a condition