By definition of atomic number, the correct answers are:
"The number of protons is given by the atomic number, which increases by one moving from left to right across each row of the periodic table." and "The number of protons is given by the atomic number, which increases by one moving down in its column in the periodic table."You have to know that atoms are made up of a nucleus made up of protons and neutrons, and a shell made up of electrons. Protons are positively charged, while neutrons are electrically neutral (that is, they have zero charge). Therefore the atomic nucleus always has a positive charge. On the other hand, electrons are negatively charged.
The atomic number is the total number of protons that make up the atomic nucleus of a given chemical element and is represented by the letter Z.
An atom is naturally neutral and has the same number of electrons and protons.
The atomic number is used to classify the elements within the periodic table of elements, going from the smallest to the largest number of protons in the nucleus as you progress through the rows and columns of the table. That is, as you travel a period (row) from left to right and as you travel a group (column) from top to bottom, the atomic number increases.
In summary, the correct answers are:
"The number of protons is given by the atomic number, which increases by one moving from left to right across each row of the periodic table." and "The number of protons is given by the atomic number, which increases by one moving down in its column in the periodic table."Learn more about the atomic number: https://brainly.com/question/1262368?referrer=searchResults
Answer:
The answer is "The number of protons is given by the atomic number, which increases by one moving from left to right across each row of the periodic table."
Explanation:
If you look at the periodic table, the elements atomic numbers increase from left to right by one. Therefore, the protons also increase by one from left to right because the number of protons in an element is the same as the atomic number.
Draw the major organic product that is expected when cyclopentanecarboxylic acid is treated with each of the following reagents:
a. NaOH
b. [H+]
Answer:
a. Sodium cyclopentanecarboxylate
b. No reaction
Explanation:
In this case, in the cyclopentanecarboxylic acid we have a carboxylic acid functional group. Therefore we have an "acid". The acids by definition have the ability to produce hydronium ions ([tex]H^+[/tex]).
With this in mind, for molecule a. we will have an acid-base reaction, because NaOH is a base. When we put together an acid and a base we will have as products a salt and water. In this case, the products are Sodium cyclopentanecarboxylate (the salt) and water.
For the second molecule, we have the hydronium ion ([tex]H^+[/tex]). This ion can not react with an acid. Because, the acid will produce the hydronium ion also, so a reaction between these compounds is not possible.
See figure 1
I hope it helps!
Draw the structure for the organic radical species produced by reaction of the compound with a chlorine atom. Assume reaction occurs at the weakest C-H bond.
Answer:
See explanation
Explanation:
The reaction of chlorine with the pictured compound will occur via free radical mechanism. The stability of the free radical formed will depend on its structure.
The order of stability of free radicals is methyl < primary < secondary < tertiary. Hence a tertiary carbon free radical is the most stable.
Looking at the compound, the radical will form at the position shown in the image attached since it will lead to a secondary free radical which is more stable.
The structure that should be drawn is shown below.
The reaction of chlorine:It should be within the pictured compound that will arise via a free radical mechanism. The stability should be based on the structure. The stability of the order of free radicals should be methyl < primary < secondary < tertiary. Thus, a tertiary carbon free radical should be most stable.
Here look at the compound, the radical should form at the position that should be shown in the image that resulted in the secondary free radical i.e. more stable.
When equation for neutralization of HBr by Ca(OH)2 is correctly balanced, how many molecules of water will be formed
Answer:
When equation for neutralization of HBr by Ca(OH)₂ is correctly balanced, 1.2046*10²⁴ molecules of water will be formed
Explanation:
A neutralization reaction is one in which an acid (or acidic oxide) reacts with a base (or basic oxide). In the reaction a salt is formed and in most cases water is formed. A Salt is an ionic compound formed by the union of ions and cations through ionic bonds.
In the reactions of a strong acid (those substances that completely dissociate) with a strong base (they dissociate completely, giving up all their OH-), the complete neutralization of the species is carried out:
2 HBr (aq) + Ca(OH)₂ (s) → CaBr₂ (aq) + 2 H₂O (l)
The reaction is already balanced, complying with the law of conservation of matter. This law states that since no atom can be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction, the number of atoms that are present in the reactants must be equal to the number of atoms present in the products.
By stoichiometry of the reaction (that is, the relationship between the amount of reagents and products in a chemical reaction), 2 moles of water H₂O are formed.
On the other hand, Avogadro's Number or Avogadro's Constant is called the number of particles that make up a substance (usually atoms or molecules) and that can be found in the amount of one mole of said substance. Its value is 6.023 * 10²³ particles per mole. Avogadro's number applies to any substance.
Then you can apply the following rule of three: if 1 mole of H₂O contains 6.023*10²³ molecules, 2 moles of H₂O, how many molecules does it contain?
[tex]amount of molecules=\frac{2moles*6.023*10^{23}molecules }{1 mole}[/tex]
amount of molecules= 1.2046*10²⁴ molecules
When equation for neutralization of HBr by Ca(OH)₂ is correctly balanced, 1.2046*10²⁴ molecules of water will be formed
place the following substances in Order of decreasing boiling point H20 N2 CO
Answer:
-195.8º < -191.5º < 100º
Explanation:
Water, or H20, starts boiling at 100ºC.
Nitrogen, or N2, starts boiling at -195.8ºC.
Carbon monoxide, or C0, starts boiling at -191.5ºC.
When we place these in order from decreasing boiling point:
-195.8º goes first, then -191.5º, and 100º goes last.
Answer:
therefore, N2, CO, H20
Decreasing boiling point
Explanation:
the bond existing in H2O is hydrogen bond
bond existing in N2 is covalent bond, force existing is dipole-dipole-interaction
bond existing in CO is covalent bond , force existing between is induced -dipole- induced dipole-interaction
hydrogen bond is the strongest , followed by dipole-dipole-interaction and induced -dipole- induced dipole-interaction
the stronger the bond , the higher the boiling point
therefore, N2, CO, H20
-------------------------------------->
Decreasing boiling point
Atoms that have a positive or negative electrical charge are called ________.
Explanation:
They are called or known as cations
Consider this synthesis of isoamyl acetate based on this week's experimental methods, after refluxing the reaction mixture for 25 minutes, what is likely present in solution
Answer:
acetic acid and phosphoric acid
Explanation:
After refluxing the reaction mixture ( synthesis of isoamyl acetate ) what is likely present in the solution is acetic acid and phosphoric acid, this due to the fact that if the reaction time between the reactants was less than the refluxing time which is 25 minutes,
there will be no reactant ( 3-methylbutanol )left in the reaction mixture
A fusion reaction releases energy because the binding energy of the resulting nucleus:______.
a. is released in the process.
b. is equal to the binding energy of the original nuclei.
c. is absorbed in the process.
d. is less than the binding energy of the original nuclei.
e. is greater than the binding energy of the original nuclei.
Answer:
a. is released in the process
Explanation:
In fusion reaction the nucleus is unstable so it releases its binding energy resulting in decreasing its mass so it becomes more stable.
The compound methylamine, CH3NH2, is a weak base when dissolved in water. Write the Kb expression for the weak base equilibrium that occurs in an aqueous solution of methylamine:
Answer:
Kb = [CH₃NH₃⁺] × [OH⁻] / [CH₃NH₂]
Explanation:
According to Brönsted-Lowry acid-base theory:
An acid is a substance that donates H⁺.A base is a substance that accepts H⁺.When methylamine reacts with water, it behaves as a Brönsted-Lowry base, according to the following reaction.
CH₃NH₂(aq) + H₂O(l) ⇄ CH₃NH₃⁺(aq) + OH⁻(aq)
The basic equilibrium constant (Kb) is:
Kb = [CH₃NH₃⁺] × [OH⁻] / [CH₃NH₂]
what is a chemical that is safe to use in food but in small amounts?
Answer:
Toxins
Explanation:
Using the following diagram, determine which of the statements below is true: The activation energy for the forward reaction is −60 J. The overall energy change for the forward reaction is −20 J. The activation energy for the reverse reaction is −80 J. The overall energy change for the reverse reaction is −40 J.
Answer:its saturated or unsaturaded
Explanation:
The sugars can be classified as either aldoses or ketoses.
a. True
b. Fasle
1. A
a stiff structure that surrounds and
protects a coll: found in plant, fungus, and some bacteria cells.
2.
is living things consisting of many cells.
3.
a green pigment that traps energy
from the sun.
the process in which plants and
some other organisms use the energy in sunlight to make food.
5. A
found in the nucleus of a cell,
a long nucleic acid molecule containing the genetic instructions
for the development and functioning of all living organisms.
Answer:
1 cell wall
2 yes
3 chloroplast
4 photosynthesis
5 Deoxyribonucleic acid (I believe)
hope this helped a little and pls mark brainiest if it did :)
Explanation:
The cell wall is a rigid layer that is found outside the cell membrane and surrounds the cell, providing structural support and protection.
Susan was investigating which glue would make the strongest craft stick tower. She
tested rubber cement, Elmer's glue-all, and Super Glue. She will test the strength of the
towers with books as the weight.
What is the independent variable?
Answer:
glue that would make the strongest craft stick tower.
Explanation:
Independent variable: In statistics and research methods, the term "independent variable" is determined as a variable that is being changed, controlled, or altered in an experiment or research by the researcher or the experimenter to see its effect on DV or dependent variable. However, it is said that independent variable directly effect the dependent variable.
Calculate the energy required to heat 1.30kg of water from 22.4°C to 34.2°C . Assume the specific heat capacity of water under these conditions is 4.18·J·g−1K−1 . Round your answer to 3 significant digits.
Answer:
The energy required to heat 1.30 kg of water from 22.4°C to 34.2°C is 64,121.2 J
Explanation:
Calorimetry is the measurement of the amount of heat that a body gives up or absorbs in the course of a physical or chemical process.
The sensible heat of a body is the amount of heat received or transferred by a body when undergoing a temperature variation (Δt) without there being a change in physical state. That is, when a system absorbs (or gives up) a certain amount of heat, it may happen that it experiences a change in its temperature, involving sensible heat. Then, the equation for calculating heat exchanges is:
Q = c * m * ΔT
Where Q is the heat or quantity of energy exchanged by a body of mass m, constituted by a substance of specific heat c and where ΔT is the variation in temperature (ΔT=Tfinal - Tinitial).
In this case:
[tex]c=4.18 \frac{J}{g*K}[/tex]m= 1.30 kg= 1,300 g (1 kg=1,000 g)ΔT= 34.2 °C - 22.4 °C= 11.8 °C= 11.8 °K Being a temperature difference, it is independent if they are degrees Celsius or degrees Kelvin. That is, the temperature difference is the same in degrees Celsius or degrees Kelvin.Replacing:
[tex]Q=4.18 \frac{J}{g*K}*1,300 g*11.8 K[/tex]
Q= 64,121.2 J
The energy required to heat 1.30 kg of water from 22.4°C to 34.2°C is 64,121.2 J
Which of the following represents a compound made of five molecules? CO 5 C 2O 5 C 5O 5CO 2
Answer:
Co5
Please mark me brainliest so that I get encouraged to make more great answers like this one!
Answer:
GUYS ITS 5CO 2
Explanation:
How did Earth come to have an oxygen atmosphere?A.Precambrian rocks released oxygen into the atmosphere.B.Volcanoes released oxygen into the atmosphere.C.Early organisms created oxygen from other gases in the atmosphere.D.Oxygen was the primary gas originally in Earth's atmosphere.
For the following reaction, 6.99 grams of oxygen gas are mixed with excess nitrogen gas . The reaction yields 10.5 grams of nitrogen monoxide . nitrogen ( g ) oxygen ( g ) nitrogen monoxide ( g ) What is the theoretical yield of nitrogen monoxide
Answer:
13.11 g.
Explanation:
We'll begin by writing the balanced equation for the reaction. This is given below :
N2 + O2 —> 2NO
Next, we shall determine the mass of O2 that reacted and the mass of NO produced from the balanced equation. This is illustrated below:
Molar mass of O2 = 16x2 = 32 g/mol
Mass of O2 from the balanced equation = 1 x 32 = 32 g.
Molar mass of NO = 14 + 16 = 30 g/mol
Mass of NO from the balanced equation = 2 x 30 = 60 g.
From the balanced equation above,
32 g of O2 reacted to produce 60 g of NO.
Finally, we shall determine the theoretical yield of NO as follow:
From the balanced equation above,
32 g of O2 reacted to produce 60 g of NO.
Therefore, 6.99 g of O2 will react to produce = (6.99 x 60)/32 = 13.11 g of NO.
Therefore, the theoretical yield of nitrogen monoxide, NO is 13.11 g.
The color cyan has a frequency of 5.902x10^14 What is the wavelength in nm ? Record your answer with 2
decimals.
The wavelength of the color cyan is 508 nm.
To solve the problem, we use the following equation that relates the frequency (ν) and the wavelength (λ) of a wave:
c = λ x ν
Given:
c = speed of light = 3.00 x 10⁸ m/s (is a constant)
ν = 5.902 x 10¹⁴ Hz = 5.902 s⁻¹
We introduce the data to calculate the wavelength in m:
λ = c/ν = (3.00 x 10⁸ m/s)/(5.902 s⁻¹) = 5.08 x 10⁻⁷ m
We know that 10⁻⁹m = 1 nm, so we convert λ to nm:
λ = 5.08 x 10⁻⁷ m x 1 nm/10⁻⁹m = 508 nm
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please help guys the question is
give reasons
a. we have to separate the mixture
b. All impure substances are not harmful.
c. A mixture of iron fillings and sand can be separated by using a magnet
d. A sentences "shake before well use" is written on the bottle of the medicine.
Answer:
(a )people separate mixtures in order to ger a specific substance that they need.
explain how the liquid in a thermometer changes so that it can be used to measure a temprature
Answer:
The liquid that is often used in thermometers is chrome.
It is khwon for raising its volule when the temperature raises and vice-versa. ● the temperature and the volume are proprtional to each other so using Mathematics, scientists have figured out a way to benefit from it to make a thermometer.
The mass of a container is determined to be 1.2 g. A sample of a compound is transferred to this container, and the mass of the compound plus the container is determined to be 3.06 g. The mass of the compound should be reported as:__.
Answer:
Sorry I don't know what you
According to law of conservation of mass as mass is neither created nor destroyed mass of compound should be reported as 1.86 g that is by subtracting mass of compound from mass of compound and container.
What is law of conservation of mass?According to law of conservation of mass, it is evident that mass is neither created nor destroyed rather it is restored at the end of a chemical reaction .
Law of conservation of mass and energy are related as mass and energy are directly proportional which is indicated by the equation E=mc².Concept of conservation of mass is widely used in field of chemistry, fluid dynamics.
Law needs to be modified in accordance with laws of quantum mechanics under the principle of mass and energy equivalence.This law was proposed by Antoine Lavoisier in the year 1789.
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what is non metal?
help meh
The element which can not loose electron easily and having electronagtive character is called non-metal it has following property-1. it can not conduct heat and electricity1. it is netiher ductile not malleable3. it is not lsuturous and also not sonorous
Answer:
Non-metals are the elements which form negative ions by accepting or gaining electrons. Non-metals usually have 4, 5, 6 or 7 electrons in their outermost shell. Non-metals are those which lack all the metallic attributes. They are good insulators of heat and electricity. They are mostly gases and sometimes liquid.
which of the following is an example of precipitate a. liquid evaporating into gas b. a solid form from a frozen liquid c. a chunky solid form from 2 liquids combining d. a liquid solution that contains 2 substances
Answer:
B and C
Explanation:
The google definition of precipitate is "a solid formed by a change in a solution, often due to a chemical reaction or change in temperature that decreases solubility of a solid". So in this case, the "solid formed from a frozen liquid" and "a chunky solid form from 2 liquids combining" are both examples of a precipitate.
The correct answer is C, a chunky solid form from 2 liquids combining.
In the laboratory, we usually mix two chemicals. When we mix the chemicals, we expect them to interact in one way or another. The interaction of those chemicals is known as a chemical reaction.
When we mix two liquid chemicals and they interact with each other to yield a solid product, we say that a chemical reaction has occurred and that such chemical reaction has produced a precipitate.
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HELP! Which type of model best represents simple molecules?
A. wire
B. ribbon
C. structural formula
D. Lewis dot
What is the basic unit of chemistry?
O A. The bond
O B. The atom
O C. The sun
O D. The cell
Answer:
B. The atom
Explanation:
Cells are the most basic unit of structure and the smallest unit of matter is the atom.
Answer:
B. The atom
Explanation:
yeee it was right
The reaction of butadiene gas (C4H6) with itself produces C8H12 gas as follows: The reaction is second order with a rate constant equal to 5.76 × 10−2 L/mol/min under certain conditions. If the initial concentration of butadiene is 0.200 M, what is the concentration in molarity remaining after 10.0 min? Report your answer to 3 decimal places.
Answer:
[tex]C_{C_4H_6}=0.179M[/tex]
Explanation:
Hello,
In this case, the undergoing chemical reaction is:
[tex]2C_4H_6\rightarrow C_8H_{12}[/tex]
And the rate law is:
[tex]\frac{dC_{C_4H_6}}{dt}=kC_{C_4H_6}^2[/tex]
Which integrated is:
[tex]\frac{1}{C_{C_4H_6}} =\frac{1}{C_{C_4H_6}^0}+kt[/tex]
In such a way, the concentration after 10.0 min is:
[tex]\frac{1}{C_{C_4H_6}} =\frac{1}{0.200M}}+5.76x10^{-2}\frac{L}{mol*min}*10.0min\\ \\\frac{1}{C_{C_4H_6}}=5.58\frac{L}{mol} \\\\C_{C_4H_6}=\frac{1}{5.58\frac{L}{mol} } \\\\C_{C_4H_6}=0.179M[/tex]
Regards.
Compare and contrast an electrolytic cell with a voltaic cell. Provide one example where both are present in daily life.
Answer:
ELECTROLYTIC CELL
An electrochemical cell in which a non-spontaneous chemical reaction takes place when electric current is passed through the solution,is called an electrolytic cell.
EXAMPLE
Nelsons cell and Downs cell
VOLTAIC CELL OR GALVANIC CELL
The electrochemical cell in which a spontaneous chemical reaction takes place and generates electric current is called galvanic and voltaic cell.
EXAMPLE
Daniel cell
Explanation:
Electrolytic cell by the non-spontaneous reactions covert the chemical energy into electical and volataic cells are those in which spontaneous redox reaction takes place.
What is cell?Cell is a device which converts chemical energy into electrical energy.
Electrolytic Cell: An electrolytic cell is an electrochemical cell in which a non-spontaneous redox chemical reaction occurs when an electric current is conducted through the solution.
Example- Electrolysis of sodium chloride, by which formation of sodium metal and chlorine gas takes place.
Voltaic cell: Voltaic cells are electrochemical cells in which a spontaneous redox chemical reaction occurs and creates electric current. These cells are also known by the name of Galvanic cells.
Example- It is used in the form of batteries which can be portable easily.
Hence, in electrolytic cells non - spontaneous reaction occur and in voltaic cell spontaneous reaction is occured.
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What is the oxidation state for bh3
Answer:
As hydrogen is more electronegative than boron, in BH3 the oxidation number of hydrogen should be taken as -1. (E. N. of B = 2.0 & E. N. of H = 2.1)
Suppose, oxidation number of B is x.
So, we can write, x + 3*(-1) = 0
=> x = +3
Therefore, oxidation num
Explanation:
As hydrogen is more electronegative than boron, in BH3 the oxidation number of hydrogen should be taken as -1. (E. N. of B = 2.0 & E. N. of H = 2.1)
Suppose, oxidation number of B is x.
So, we can write, x + 3*(-1) = 0
=> x = +3
Therefore, oxidation num
In the following net ionic equation, identify each reactant as either a Bronsted-Lowry acid or a Bronsted-Lowry base.
HF-(aq) + H2O(l) rightarrow F-(aq) + H3O(aq)
B-L_____ B-L_____
The formula of the reactant that acts as a proton donor is_____.
The formula of the reactant that acts as a proton acceptor is_______.
Answer:
Bronsted lowry base = Proton acceptor = H2O
Bronsted lowry acid = Proton donor = HF-
Explanation:
The equation is given as;
HF-(aq) + H2O(l) --> F-(aq) + H3O(aq)
A bronsted lowry base is any specie that can accept hydrogen ion (proton) from another molecule.
Basically a bronsted lowry base is a proton acceptor while a bronsted lowry acid is a proton donor.
In the reaction above, upon comparing both the reactants and products;
Bronsted lowry base = Proton acceptor = H2O
Bronsted lowry acid = Proton donor = HF-
Complete the sentences describing the cell.
a. In the nickel-aluminum galvanic cell, the cathode is ____ .
b. Therefore electrons flow from___ to ____.
c. The ____ electrode loses mass, while the ____ electrode gains mass.
Answer:
a. In the nickel-aluminum galvanic cell, the cathode is nickel electrode.
b. Therefore electrons flow from the aluminium electrode to the nickel electrode.
c. The aluminium electrode loses mass, while the nickel electrode electrode gains mass.
Explanation:
Voltaic or galvanic cells are electrochemical cells in which spontaneous oxidation-reduction reactions. The two halves of the redox reaction are separate and electron transfer is required to occur through an external circuit for the redox reaction to take place. That is, one of the metals in one of the half cells is oxidized while the metal of the other half cell is reduced, producing an exchange of electrons through an external circuit. This makes it possible to take advantage of the electric current.
Given:
E ⁰N i ⁺² = − 0.23 V is the standard reduction potential for the nickel ion
E ⁰ A l ⁺³ = − 1.66 V is the standard reduction potential for the aluminum ion
The most negative potentials correspond to more reducing substances. In this case, the aluminum ion is the reducing agent, where oxidation takes place. In the anodic half cell oxidations occur, while in the cathode half cell reductions occur. So the aluminum cell acts as the anode while the nickel cell acts as the cathode.
So a. In the nickel-aluminum galvanic cell, the cathode is nickel electrode.
The metal that is oxidized gives electrons to the metal that is reduced through the outer conductor. Then the electrons flow spontaneously from the anode to the cathode.
Then b. Therefore electrons flow from the aluminium electrode to the nickel electrode.
Ni⁺², being the cathode, accepts electrons, becoming Ni (s) and depositing on the Ni electrodes.
So, c. The aluminium electrode loses mass, while the nickel electrode electrode gains mass.