Why is a measure of serum lactate obtained in the initial assessment of a trauma patient?

Answers

Answer 1

Patients who have experienced trauma usually develop hypovolemic shock, which determines different levels of tissue hypoperfusion. The determination of lactate level has been used as a reliable biomarker in the assessment of the magnitude of hypoperfusion.

The metabolic response to trauma culminates in an inadequate supply of oxygen, hypoxia, and anaerobic metabolism, the final product being lactate. It results from the metabolism of pyruvate catalyzed by the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase, discovered in high concentrations in shock patients 2 5 10.

We found that at a cutoff factor of 2.0 mmol/l, serum lactate assays were useful in discriminating between the severely and non-severely injured trauma patients with a sensitivity of 88%. It was predictive of mortality outcomes and of who would be discharged at lactate levels of four mmol.

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Related Questions

Fitness, in general, is the ability of the body to respond to the physical demands placed upon it. True or false?.

Answers

Answer:

True.

Explanation:

we get Fit because if physical exercise

Which is a characteristic of a breast cancer mass? occurs as disseminated masses firm, hard, embedded in surrounding tissue symmetrical mass tender upon palpation

Answers

Firm, hard, and embedded in surrounding tissue is a characteristic of a breast cancer mass.

What is breast cancer?

Breast cancer is a disease characterized by the formation of one or more tumors in mammal glands due to uncontrolled proliferation of their cells.

Breast cancer is a severe disease that must be rapidly diagnosed and treated in clinical settings.

In conclusion, firm, hard, and embedded in surrounding tissue is a characteristic of a breast cancer mass.

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A. 1
C. 2
How many blood types are there?
B. 3
D. 4
27

Answers

Answer: there are 4 type

For the first step in goal-setting, it is not important to write down your goal yet because it is an idea right now and you are not sure whether or not you can achieve the goal. True or False

Answers

Answer:

False, this is not true u write ur goals down....

there is one more thing I want to say but I can't put it in words.

but I will write it ones I figure out how to put in words.

If a person is at risk of getting rabies, what is the typical treatment given to prevent disease development and thus to save the person's life?

Answers

Administration of anti-rabies virus antibodies and the rabies vaccine.

The rabies virus is what causes rabies. The virus is present in the saliva of infected animals. The virus enters the body by a cut on the skin or through the eyes, nose, or mouth before moving through the nerves to the brain. There, it grows and inflicts harm and irritation.Pre-exposure rabies vaccine makes rabies post-exposure treatment easier, and it may offer protection in situations where rabies exposure is undiagnosed or when post-exposure treatment is put off. It does not take away the requirement for appropriate care after a known rabies virus exposure.A rapid-acting vaccination against the virus called rabies immune globulin. If you haven't received the rabies vaccine, you'll receive this. If at all possible, this injection is administered as soon as possible and close to the spot where the animal bit you.

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A persistent infection is one in which?

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A persistent infection is one in which the disease process occurs gradually over a long period.

What is persistent infection?Persistent infections are those in which the virus is not eliminated but instead hangs around in a few of the infected person's cells.Without instantly killing or even severely damaging the host cells, persistent infections can involve both silent and productive infection stages. Latent, chronic, and slow infection are three categories of overlapping persistent virus-host interactions.Modifying host immune response as well as viral and cellular gene expression are two ways used to maintain persistent infections.Different factors, such as modifications to cell physiology, superinfection by another virus, and physical stress or trauma, might cause a latent infection to reactivate.Numerous chronic viral infections frequently reactivate in the presence of host immunosuppression.

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I hope you are trying to ask the question given below:

Question:

A persistent infection is one in which

A) the virus remains in equilibrium with the host without causing a disease.

B) viral replication is unusually slow.

C) the disease process occurs gradually over a long period.

D) host cells are gradually lysed.

E) host cells are transformed.

What is the difference between the beauty in the inside and the beauty of the outside?

Answers

Answer:

Inner beauty refers to the personality of a person including his/her mind and character. Whereas outer beauty simply refers to the looks of a person. It can easily be faked and changed through makeup, dressing, surgery etc.

Beauty on the inside refers to inner qualities and virtues, while beauty on the outside refers to physical appearance.

Beauty on the Inside: This refers to the inner qualities, character, and virtues of a person or an object.

It encompasses traits such as kindness, empathy, honesty, compassion, intelligence, and integrity.

Beauty on the inside is about a person's personality, values, and inner goodness.

It goes beyond physical appearance and focuses on the qualities that make someone genuinely attractive, admirable, and lovable.

Beauty on the Outside: This refers to the external appearance or physical attractiveness of a person or an object.

It includes elements such as facial features, body shape, hair, and overall appearance.

Beauty on the outside is the aesthetic appeal that is often visible to others.

While physical attractiveness can be appealing, it is temporary and may change with age or other factors.

Thus, when we talk about beauty, we often think of physical appearance, but when we talk about beauty on the inside, we mean inner traits and values.

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During which time is the nurse correct to document the end of the third stage of labor?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation: The third stage of labor concludes with the delivery of the placenta. The nurse is correct to document that time in the medical record.

What term is given to a woman who has given birth to two or more children (past the point of viability), regardless of whether the children were alive at birth or are presently alive?

Answers

Superfetation woman who occur during an initial pregnancy.Another ovum is fertilized by sperm and implanted in the womb days or weeks later than the first one.

Baby's born called twins since they may be born during same birth on the same day.Multiple birth of one multiple pregnancy , the mother gives birth to two or more babies at a time. Multiple birth occur in most kinds of mammals with varying frequencies.

Such birth are often named to the offspring as in twins and triplets.Each fertilization ovum may produce a single embryo each carrying the same genetic material.Identical twins always have same sex.

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When you set a goal , you should include _____________.

Answers

Answer:

steps

Explanation:

in order to get close to your goal

Steps

I’m order to get closer to your goal u need steps

What is the purpose of the federal Department of Health and Human Services in healthcare today

Answers

Answer:

The mission of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) is to enhance the health and well-being of all Americans, by providing for effective health and human services and by fostering sound, sustained advances in the sciences underlying medicine, public health, and social services.

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The disorder characterized by the presence of stones in the kidney is known as ____________________.

Answers

The disorder characterized by the presence of stones in the kidney is known as kidney stones

This disorder may arise as result of consuming food particules containing stone particles; which usually accumulate or pile up in the kidney cells in the long run.

So it very important to take well prepared food.

What is kidney stones?

Kidney stones refers to one of the diseases of the kidney characterized by the presence of stones in the kidney

Other kidney diseases include the following:

Renal failure (ARF)Kidney stones.Kidney infectionsKidney cysts.Kidney cancerNephritisOedema

So therefore, the disorder characterized by the presence of stones in the kidney is known as kidney stones.

So learning to live good lifestyle is of utmost importance to our lives.

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He information contained within act will equip agents to certify, market, and sell which health plans?

Answers

The information which is contained within the act which will equip agents to certify, market, and sell which health plans is what is referred to as wellcare.

What is Wellcare?

This refers to a type of insurance which offers health care services to individuals through medicaid etc. This usually has a wider coverage to ensure all types of people are incorporated into the scheme. The other advantage of this is the affordability which is why it is well embraced by the citizens.

The One Combined ACT ensure the agents are certified and able to market and sell the wellcare health plans with a high number of people being targeted. This is why it tends to have a wider coverage due to the increase in the number of people involved in this plan.

This is therefore the reason why wellcare was chosen as the most appropriate choice.


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If the graphs of the linear equations in a system are parallel, what does that mean about the possible solution(s) of the system?

Answers

Answer: There are no solutions that are true for both equations but if the graphs of the equations are the same than their are an infinite number of solutions that are true for both equations.

Explanation:

Pigmented, raised, warty lesions over the face and trunk should be assessed by an experienced practitioner who can distinguish:_________

Answers

Pigmented, raised, warty lesions over the face and trunk should be assessed by an experienced practitioner who can distinguish seborrheic keratoses from actinic keratoses.

Actinic and seborrheic keratoses look extremely similar to one another. Skin cancer is frequently confused for seborrheic keratoses.Actinic keratoses are also called Plaques are scaly, dry, crusty spots of skin caused by actinic keratosis. These blotches or plaques frequently develop in groups.Plaques are stationary and typically flat or hardly elevated. These lesions have a rough texture and might occasionally be skin-colored, making them easier to feel than see. These growths can occasionally also be red, tan, white, or a mix of hues. Actinic keratoses may be more difficult to heal and are prone to bleeding. The patches could occasionally be extremely sensitive, burn, or itch.The appearance of seborrheic keratoses might change over time. These growths frequently have a crumbly, gritty appearance, but they can also occasionally have a smooth, waxy texture.

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A client with chronic kidney disease weighs 209 lbs (95 kg) and is prescribed 1. 2 grams of protein per kg per day. Which amount of protein will the client ingest per day?

Answers

A client with chronic kidney disease weighs 209 lbs (95 kg) and is prescribed 1. 2 grams of protein per kg per day. The client will ingest 114 grams of proteins per day.

Kidneys are damaged and unable to filter blood as effectively as they should if one have chronic kidney disease (CKD). Diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, and a family history of kidney failure are the primary risk factors for developing renal disease.The most frequent causes of kidney disease are diabetes and high blood pressure. To determine the cause of kidney disease, the doctor may run tests. The kind of treatment you get may depend on what caused your kidney condition.Your bloodstream retains protein and other nutrients that your body requires. When the glomeruli are damaged and unable to effectively filter your blood, you develop nephrotic syndrome. The leakage of protein into your urine is caused by damage to these blood vessels. One of the proteins is albumin.For instance, if the ideal weight is 209 lbs., or 95 kg, the daily protein requirements are 95 kg x 1.2 g/kg, i.e.,  114 grams.

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Describe nutritional requirements of the newborn and infant and develop a nutritional plan for the first year of life.

Answers

Explanation:

protein is very important nutrition for newborn child because it help for growth and development of body , repair tissue, provide energy its sources are milk, meat, fish,dairy products,pulses,etc


Which type of exercise contributes most to building strong bones?
CA. swimming
O B. lifting weights
C C. walking briskly
• D. jumping rope

Answers

Answer:

B.

Explanation:

The benefits of lifting weights include building muscle, burning body fat, strengthening your bones and joints.

A sign in front of a store says no smoking what kind of factor is the sign?

Answers

If you have these options:

external pressure

internal pressure

media influence

peer pressure

Answer: external pressure

Explanation:

        This sign is an example of external pressure because it is an external factor. It is not internal pressure [feelings, your thoughts, etc] or peer pressure [other people pressuring you].

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A client expressed concern that her 2 hour old newborn is sleepy and difficult to awaken. What does the nurse do next?

Answers

A client expressed concern that her 2 hour old newborn is sleepy and difficult to awaken. The nurse should tell the client that it is normal progression of behaviour.

The nurse should tell the client that there is nothing to worry about and that such behaviour is absolutely fine and normal. It is normal for a two hour old newborn to be sleepy and difficult to awaken.

Parents usually struggle to distinguish between changes in normal behaviour and actual behavioural issues. The distinction between normal and deviant behaviour is not always obvious in reality. The border between normal and deviant conduct is frequently blurry, in part because what constitutes "normal" depends on the child's developmental stage.

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The ability to use your senses to determine and direct the smooth movement of your body is called __

Answers

Coordination

The ability to use your senses to determine and direct the smooth movement of your body is called coordination.

What is coordination?

Coordination is the capacity to use bodily parts and senses, such as sight and hearing, in order to carry out movements smoothly and precisely. This is crucial in all facets of daily life, including biking, cooking, and employment.

Coordination tests include hand-eye or foot-eye coordination exercises like juggling, dribbling a ball, or hitting an object. There are many distinct kinds of coordination.

Utilizing several separate muscle groups simultaneously is necessary for coordination. Practice is the only way to improve coordination.

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Why does smoking increase the risk of heart disease?

Answers

Explanation:

smoking increase the risk of heart diseases because it contains nicotine which introduce different disease like heart attack,blood pressure,heart disease,etc

The weight the body strives to maintain by increasing hunger when weight drops and decreasing hunger when weight rises is known as the?

Answers

The weight set point is the level of weight that the body tries to maintain.

What is the weight set point?

The level at which one's "weight thermostat" is said to be set. If the body drops below this weight, increased appetite and a slowed metabolism may work together to help the body regain the weight. The weight level that a person is predisposed to maintain, is controlled in part by the hypothalamus.

According to the set point theory, our DNA is programmed with a predetermined weight baseline for our bodies. This hypothesis suggests that our weight and the amount by which it deviates from that fixed point may be constrained. According to the hypothesis, our bodies struggle to maintain these ranges even though some of us have higher weight set points than others.

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Which structure is the final step in the pain pathway and results in pain perception and interpretation?

Answers

Answer: Third-order neurons

Explanation:

Third-order neurons in the thalamus, brainstem, and midbrain project to the central nervous system, which allows pain perception and interpretation.

Also, the limbic and reticular tracts are activated by third-order neurons, resulting in arousal and emotional responses to pain.

When stimulated, nociceptors (first-order neurons) in the skin, muscles, joints, arteries, and viscera transmit pain impulses to the spinal cord.

Second-order neurons in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord transmit the pain impulse to higher brain areas via spinal pathways.

The thalamus is the primary relay station for pain impulses.

Which is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hemicolectomy?

Answers

The correct breakdown of hemicolectomy is hem·i·col·ec·to·my and translation of the medical term is removal of the right or left side of the colon.

Hemicolectomy is a surgery to remove a part of large intestine and attaching small intestine to it. it is done without affecting the digestive system. This is done if large intestine is affected or has become cancerous.

There are two types of hemicolectomy, in right hemicolectomy colon which is attached to the end of the small intestine is removed and then the small intestine is attached to the rest of the colon.

In a left hemicolectomy, the part of the colon that is attached to rectum is removed and the rest of the colon is directly attached to the rectum.

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After suffering a stroke, mary finds that she cannot move her right arm. This would suggest that the stroke damage is in the?

Answers

Answer:

L side of the brain

Explanation:

L brain controls right body.

- positive and negative impact of ocean

Answers

The positive impact of ocean is clouds formation whereas negative impact of ocean is undrinkable water.

What are the positive and negative impact of ocean?

The positive impact of ocean on the human and the environment is the formation of clouds because the salty water of ocean is responsible for the formation of cloud which bring water on the land.

The negative impact of ocean is that it makes the water of the coastal region also salty which is undrinkable.

So we can conclude that the positive impact of ocean is clouds formation whereas negative impact of ocean is undrinkable water.

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Which abbreviation is used to document the evaluation of all body systems to identify other symptoms that may not have been previously noted?

Answers

Review of systems (ROS) abbreviation is used to document the evaluation of all body systems to identify other symptoms that may not have been previously noted.

A series of questions are used to gather information for the Review of Systems (ROS), which is an inventory of the body's systems used to determine whether the patient may be displaying any indications or symptoms. 14 systems are recognized by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS):

Symptoms that are persistent (i.e. fever, weight loss, vital signs)Eyes, ear, throat, nose, and mouthCardiovascularRespiratoryGastrointestinal\s GenitourinaryMusculoskeletalIntegumentaryNeurologicalPsychiatricEndocrine\Hematologic\LymphaticAllergic/Immunologic

When it comes to  patient's medical record, there are a few document guidelines for the ROS that doctor should be aware of:

If there is proof that the doctor reviewed and corrected the earlier data, a ROS obtained from an earlier encounter does not need to be documented once more. The evaluation and update could be documented by describing any new ROS or noting there has been no change in the information.In the current meeting, the doctor must additionally record the time and place of the prior ROS.

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Various research studies have indicated that regular physical activity is associated with:_____.

Answers

Various research studies have indicated that regular physical activity is associated with

increases in energy and alertness

changing a bad mood

decreases in fatigue and anger

Almost everyone benefits from exercise and physical activity, including older folks. You can benefit greatly from exercise regardless of your physical condition or limitations. Studies actually indicate that "taking it easy" is dangerous. When elderly adults start to lose their independence, inactivity is frequently more to blame than aging. Lack of exercise can also result in additional medical visits, hospital stays, and medication usage for a range of ailments.

Maintaining an active lifestyle can:

Maintain and increase your strength to maintain your independence.Reduce weariness and have more energy to do the things you want to do.Increase your balance to reduce the likelihood of falling and sustaining injuries.Manage and prevent conditions like osteoporosis, arthritis, heart disease, type 2 diabetes, and eight different cancers, including breast and colon cancer.Getting more rest at homeReduced levels of anxiety and stress

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A client's lipid profile reveals an ldl level of 122 mg/dl. This is considered a:

Answers

According to the research, a client's lipid profile reveals an ldl level of 122 mg/dl. This is considered a: high ldl level.

What is the cholesterol?

It is an appreciable sterol in body tissues and in the blood of vertebrate organisms, especially in the liver, pancreas, spinal cord and brain.

Low-density lipoprotein transport cholesterol to the tissues, whose reference values for LDL cholesterol should be less than 100 mg/dl.

Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, a client's lipid profile reveals an ldl level of 122 mg/dl. This is considered a: high ldl level.

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