Answer:
1. Pro-Maintain tight oversight of technologies and manufacturing methods, build American employment that improve domestic reputation, and theoretically gain tax cuts.
2. Pro-Less start-up charges wanting to work to current manufacturers, possibly avoiding import-related taxes / punishments, and potentially taking advantage of brand recognition as well as financial acumen.
1. Con-Possibly increasing labour charges, logistics and delivery costs, customs duties or punishments on entry into the western europe territory , market stimulation expenses.
2. Con-Less power over production cycle and efficiency, knowledge sharing, less efficient workers.
Midyear on July 31st, the Digby Corporation's balance sheet reported: Total Assets of $205.498 million Total Common Stock of $6.350 million Cash of $10.050 million Retained Earnings of $44.117 million. What were the Digby Corporation's total liabilities?
a) $165.081 million.
b) $144.981 million.
c) $155.031 million.
d) $161.381 million.
Answer:
The value of total liabilities is $155.031 million and option c is the correct answer.
Explanation:
The basic accounting equation states that the total value of assets is always equal to the sum of the total value of liabilities and the total value of equity.
Thus, we can say that,
Total Assets = Total Liabilities + Total Equity
The equity part can contain various components. In the given question it has two components namely Common Stock and retained earnings.
205.498 = Total Liabilities + (6.350 + 44.117)
205.498 = Total Liabilities + 50.467
205.498 - 50.467 = Total Liabilities
Total Liabilities = $155.031
Online content created by an individual outside of a professional or commercial organization is a criterion of
Answer:
This question is incomplete, the options are missing. The options are the following:
a) Online advertisements
b) User Generated Content (UGC)
c) Blogs
d) Wikis
And the correct answer is the option B: User Generated Content (UGC).
Explanation:
To begin with, the name of "User Generated Content" or UGC refers specifically to the content that is generated by an user who uploaded online on the social medias or web sites with the purpose of creating a content that mainly may promote a product from a firm. In addition to that, the firms are the ones who stimulate this type of content due to the fact that tends to be very cheap for them and sometimes may reach a large audience as the same time that increase the credibility of the products to the fact that the consumers themselfs are the ones who promote the product.
A firm has a profit margin of 5.1 percent, a total asset turnover of 1.84, and a return on equity of 16.2 percent. What is the debt-equity ratio
Answer:
Debt / Equity = 0.72649 : 1 or 72.649%
Explanation:
The ROE or return on equity can be calculated using the Du Pont equation. It breaks the ROE into three components. The formula for ROE under Du Pont is,
ROE = Net Income / Sales * Sales / Total Assets * Total Assets / Shareholder's equity
or
ROE = Net Income / Total equity
Assuming that sales is $100.
Net Income = 100 * 0.051 = 5.1
Total Assets = 100 / 1.84
Total Assets = 54.35
0.162 = 5.1 / Total equity
Total Equity = 5.1 / 0.162
Total Equity = 31.48
We know that Assets = Debt + Equity
So,
54.35 = Debt + 31.48
Debt = 54.35 - 31.48
Debt = 22.87
Debt / Equity = 22.87 / 31.48
Debt / Equity = 0.72649 : 1 or 72.649%
Delta Lighting has 30,000 shares of common stock outstanding at a market price of $15 a share. This stock was originally issued at $31 per share. The firm also has a bond issue outstanding with a total face value of $280,000 which is currently selling for 82 percent of par. The cost of equity is 14 percent while the after-tax cost of debt is 6.8 percent. The firm has a beta of 1.48 and a tax rate of 30 percent. What is the weighted average cost of capital?
Answer:
the weighted average cost of capital is 11.57 % .
Explanation:
Market Value of Equity = Number of Common Shares Outstanding × Market Price per share
= 30,000 shares × $15
= $450,000
Market Value of Debt = Face Value × 82%
= $280,000 × 82%
= $229,600
WACC = Ke × (E/V) + Kd × (E/V)
= 14.00 % × ($450,000/ $679,600) + 6.80 % × ($229,600/ $679,600)
= 9.27 % + 2.30 %
= 11.57 %
The following information relating to a company's overhead costs is available.
Actual total variable overhead $74,000
Actual total fixed overhead $18,000
Budgeted variable overhead rate per machine hour $2.00
Budgeted total fixed overhead $16,000
Budgeted machine hours allowed for actual output 44,000
Based on this information, the total variable overhead variance is:
a. $2,000 favorable.
b. $6,000 favorable.
c. $2,000 unfavorable.
d. $6,000 unfavorable.
e. $1,000 favorable.
An increase in taxes when the economy is above full employment ______ aggregate demand and real GDP, and the price level ______.
Question options :
A. increases; falls
B. decreases; falls
C. does not change; does not change
D. increases; rises
Answer:
B. decreases; falls
Explanation:
let us understand this by looking at the logic behind it. First when the economy is at full employment, there is high demand since there will be increase in money supply through increased circulation from salaries and wages. If government increases taxes, this will reduce purchasing power as money supply will be reduced and therefore demand will be reduced. Also price will fall since according to the Law of demand and supply, if demand is more than supply, price will increase
Suppose you purchase a $5,000 bond that pays 7% interest annually and matures in five years. If the inflation rate during the next five years is 4%, the estimated real rate of return is
Answer:
2.88%
Explanation:
Use the following formula to calculate the real rate of return
Real rate of return = [tex]\frac{( 1 + Nominal interest rate )}{( 1 + inflation rate)} -1[/tex]
Where
Nominal Interest rate = 7% = 0.07
Inflation rate = 4% = 0.04
Placing values in the formula
Real rate of return = [tex]\frac{( 1 + 0.07 )}{( 1 + 0.04)} -1[/tex]
Real rate of return = [tex]\frac{1.07}{1.04} -1[/tex]
Real rate of return = 1.0288 - 1
Real rate of return = 0.0288
Real rate of return = 2.88%
If the capital stock is fixed and something happens to raise the marginal product of capital for any given quantity of capital, then the real rental price of capital will:
Answer: B) rise
Explanation:
The real rental price of capital refers to the cost of borrowing capital which is the interest payment on the capital less the capital gains made. As a result it is equal to the marginal product of capital which shows how much extra, a unit of capital enables the entity to produce.
Therefore, if marginal product of capital rises, as is the case in the question, so will the real rental price of capital.
At an output level of 53,000 units, you calculate that the degree of operating leverage is 3.21. If output rises to 57,000 units, what will the percentage change in operating cash flow be? Suppose fixed costs are $175,000. What is the operating cash flow at 46,000 units? The degree of operating leverage? that the degree of operating
Answer:
If output rises to 57,000 units, what will the percentage change in operating cash flow be?
24.23%What is the operating cash flow at 46,000 units?
$45,613.84The degree of operating leverage (at 46,000 units)?
4.84Explanation:
degree of operating leverage = [quantity x (price - variable costs)] / {[quantity x (price - variable costs)] - fixed costs}
degree of operating leverage x {[quantity x (price - variable costs)] - fixed costs} = [quantity x (price - variable costs)]
3.21 x {[53000 x (contribution margin)] - fixed costs} = [53000 x (contribution margin)]
(3.21 x 53000 x contribution margin) - (3.21 x 175000) = 53000 x contribution margin
let C = contribution margin
170130C - 561750 = 53000C
117130C = 561750
C = 561750 / 117130 = 4.795953
operating cash flow (at 53,000) = (53,000 x $4.795953) - $175,000 = $79,185.52
operating cash flow (at 57,000) = (57,000 x $4.795953) - $175,000 = $98,369.32
% change = ($98,369.32 - $79,185.52) / $79,185.52 = 24.23%
operating cash flow (at 46,000) = (46,000 x $4.795953) - $175,000 = $45,613.84
% change in operating cash flows = ($45,613.84 - $79,185.52) / $79,185.52 = -43.4%
% change in sales = (46,000 - 53,000) / 53,000 = -13.21
degree of operating leverage = $220,613.84 / $45,613.74 = 4.84
A research study showed that adolescents who watched more than 4 hours of TV per day were more than five times as likely to start smoking as those who watched less than 2 hours a day. The researchers speculate that TV actors’ portrayals of smoking as personally and socially rewarding were an effective indirect method of tobacco promotion.
List the factors that you think cause adolescents to start smoking. (You may select more than one answer. Click the box with a check mark for the correct answer and double click to empty the box for the wrong answer.)
Curiosity
Parents who smoke
Friends who smoke
Seeing teenagers smoke in movies and TV
Boredom
Wanting to look cool
School health classes explaining the harmful effects of smoking\
High cigarette sales taxes
Answer:
peer pressure
Explanation:
when your friend is convincing u in doing some thing wrong
Curiosity, Friends who smoke, Seeing teenagers smoke in movies and TV and Wanting to look cool are some of the reason of adolescents to start smoking.
What are the cause of smoking?Cigarette smoking is linked to cancer, heart disease, stroke, lung disease, diabetes, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, which includes emphysema and chronic bronchiti.
Tobacco use raises the risk of tuberculosis, some eye illnesses, and immune system problems such as rheumatoid arthritis.
Thus, option A, C, D and F are correct.
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The principle that each World Trade Organization member must accord to all other member countries tariff treatment no less favorable than it provides to any other country is known as the __________ principle.
Answer:
Most favoured nation principle
Explanation:
Most favoured nation (MFN) clause of the World Trade Organisation requires that when a nation trades with others the concessions, immunities, and privileges granted to one nation should be the the same granted to all WTO members.
It discourages discrimination where one nation in international trade is favoured above another.
For example if Ghana reduces tariff on trades with South Africa it is expected that tariffs to other WTO nations will also be reduced to 3%.
Exceptions to this principle are for developing nations, regional free trade areas, and custom unions.
If an investor put away $3000 at age 23 rather than age 31, how much more money would he or she have at age 63, assuming a 9 percent compound rate of return?
Answer:
FV= $94,228.26
Explanation:
Giving the following information:
Present Value= $3,000
Interest rate= 9% compounded annually
Number of years= 63 - 23= 40 years
To calculate the future value, we need to use the following formula:
FV= PV*(1+i)^n
FV= 3,000*(1.09^40)
FV= $94,228.26
If you were to start a business delivering documents, you might need to purchase cell phones, bicycles, desks, and chairs. a. These purchases are called capital investment. If you raise the funds to purchase them from others you are a saver. b. These purchases are called capital investment. If you raise the funds to purchase them from others you are a borrower. c. These purchases are called consumption. If you raise the funds to purchase them from others you are a saver. d. These purchases are called consumption. If you raise the funds to purchase them from others you are a borrower.
Answer:
The answer is B.
Explanation:
Capital is what is used to start a business. It is what the owner's contribution in the business. In advanced class, it is called stock or equity. Capital is usually from the owner's savings. But if this money is borrowed either from an individual or a bank, the person is a borrower while the other party is the lender.
Option A is incorrect because money raised from someone makes the person borrowing a borrower and not a saver.
Option C and D are incorrect because the items needed for the business are not consumables, they are needed for the smooth running of the business, hence they are not consumption.
Investing activities on the statement of cash flows generate cash inflows and outflows related to borrowing from and repaying principal to creditors and completing transactions with the company’s owners such as selling or repurchasing shares of common stocks and paying dividends.
A. True
B. False
Answer: False
Explanation:
The cash flow from investing activities is a cash flow section that shows cash generated or the cash that is spent which relates to activities involving investment and this include buying physical assets, the investments in securities, or sale of assets or securities.
Therefore, the above analysis I the question is wrong.
Journalize the following sales transactions for Salem Sportswear. Explanations are not required.
Aug. 1 Salem sold $69,000 of women's sportswear on account, credit terms of 3 / 10, n / 60. Cost of goods is $38,000.
5 Salem received a $3,500 sales return on damaged goods from the customer. Cost of goods damaged is $1 ,750.
10 Salem receives payment from the customer on the amount due, less the return and discount.
Journalize the sales transactions.
Aug 1 : Salem sold $69,000 of women's sportswear on account, credit terms of 3 / 10, n / 60. Cost of goods is S38,000.
Begin by preparing the entry to journalize the sale portion of the transaction.
Answer:
Aug. 1
Trade Receivable $69,000 (debit)
Cost of Sales $38,000 (debit)
Sales Revenue $69,000 (credit)
Inventory $38,000 (credit)
Aug 5
Sales Revenue $3,500 (debit)
Inventory $1 ,750 (debit)
Trade Receivable $3,500 (credit)
Cost of Sales $1 ,750 (credit)
Aug 10
Cash $63,535 (debit)
Discount allowed $1,965 (credit)
Trade receivable $65,500 (credit)
Explanation:
Aug 1
Recognize the Cost of Sale and the Assets of Trade Receivables.
Aug 5
De-recognize the Cost of Sales and Assets of Trade receivables to the extent of the goods that were returned.
Aug 10
Recognize the Cash Asset received less the cash discount of 3 % and also recognize the discount allowed expense to the amount of discount allowed.
The following legal claims exist for Huprey Co. Identify the accounting treatment for each claim as either (a) a liability that is recorded or (b) an item described in notes to its financial statements.1. Huprey (defendant) estimates that a pending lawsuit could result in damages of $1,550,000; it is unlikely that the plaintiff will win the case.a. A liability that is recorded.b. An item described in notes to its financial statements.2. Huprey faces a loss on a pending lawsuit that it is unlikely to lose; the amount is reasonably estimable.a. An item described in notes to its financial statements.b. A liability that is recorded.3. Huprey faces a probable loss on a pending lawsuit; the amount is reasonably estimable.a. An item described in notes to its financial statements.b. A liability that is recorded.
Answer:
Huprey Co.
Identifying the accounting treatment for each claim as either (a) a liability that is recorded or (b) an item described in notes to its financial statements:
1. Huprey (defendant) estimates that a pending lawsuit could result in damages of $1,550,000; it is unlikely that the plaintiff will win the case.a. A liability that is recorded.
b. An item described in notes to its financial statements.
2. Huprey faces a loss on a pending lawsuit that it is unlikely to lose; the amount is reasonably estimable.
a. An item described in notes to its financial statements. b. A liability that is recorded.
3. Huprey faces a probable loss on a pending lawsuit; the amount is reasonably estimable.a. An item described in notes to its financial statements.
b. A liability that is recorded.
Explanation:
Huprey Co. will recognize and record contingent liabilities in its accounts when it can be reasonably established that the future event will occur and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated. The implication is that Huprey Co. must establish two things before a contingent liability is recognized and recorded. One is that the probability or the likelihood or the chance that the event will happen exists and can be estimated. With the probability estimate, it becomes possible for Huprey Co. to also estimate the amount that the happening of the event will cost it.
Rinaldo then wants to know whether you understand the impact of errors on the trial balance. If there are errors in the accounts in the general ledger, the trial balance:
Answer: c. may or may not balance
Explanation:
Even though there are errors in the General Ledger, it is not a given that the Trial Balance will not balance. The purpose of the Trial balance is to match the debits in the company to the credits. This means that if the errors in the General Ledger were still put on the correct side then the Trial Balance would still balance.
For instance, if utility expenses were debited to Purchases in error, both accounts fall on the debit side of the Trial Balance so the Trial Balance would still balance regardless of the error.
The balance sheet of Cattleman's Steakhouse shows assets of $86,000 and liabilities of $14,400. The fair value of the assets is $89,400 and the fair value of its liabilities is $14,400. Longhorn paid Cattleman's $82,920 to acquire all of its assets and liabilities. Longhorn should record goodwill on this purchase of:
Answer:
The goodwill is $7,320
Explanation:
It is given that fair value of assets is $89,400 and fair value of liabilities is $14,400
Fair value difference = Fair value of assets - Fair value of liabilities
Fair value difference = $89,400 - $14,400
Fair value difference = $75,000
Hence, the fair value difference is $75,000
It is given that acquisition price is $82,920 and calculated fair value difference is $75,600. Calculation of goodwill is given below
Goodwill = Acquisition price - Fair value difference
Goodwill = $82,920 - $75,600
Goodwill = $7,320
Hence, the goodwill is $7,320.
Gi Gi's Dance Studio provided $280 of dance instruction and rented out its dance studio to the same client for another $165. The client paid immediately. Identify the general journal entry below that Gi Gi's will make to record the transaction.
Answer:
General Journal entry for GI is given below
Explanation:
General journal entry for GI's for its dance studio and the dance instructions would be
Entry DEBIT CREDIT
Cash $445
Renta income $165
Services provided $280
NOTE: As GI's is receiving cash for providing services and the studio, cash would be debited and Rental income and Services revenue would be credited.
The Watts Company uses predetermined overhead rates to apply manufacturing overhead to jobs. The predetermined overhead rate is based on labor cost in Dept. A and on machine-hours in Dept. B. At the beginning of the year, the company made the following estimates:
Department A Department B
Direct labour cost $30,000 $40,000
Manufacturing overhead $60,000 $50,000
Direct labour hours 6,000 8,000
Machine hours 2,000 10,000
What predetermined overhead rates would be used in Departments A and B, respectively?
a. 50% and $8.00.
b. 50% and $5.00.
c. 110% and $15.00.
d. 200% and $5.00.
Answer:
The Watts Company
d. 200% and $5.00.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Estimates:
Department A Department B
Direct labour cost $30,000 $40,000
Manufacturing overhead $60,000 LH $50,000 MH
Direct labour hours 6,000 8,000
Machine hours 2,000 10,000
Department A:
Manufacturing overhead rate = $60,000/$30,000 x 100 = 200%
Department B:
Manufacturing overhead rate = $50,000/10,000 = $5.00
The Watts Company Department A will absorb manufacturing overhead at a rate of 200% of direct labor cost in order to arrive at an estimate of $60,000 ($30,000 x 200%). The Department B will absorb manufacturing overhead at a rate of $5 per machine hour to arrive at an estimate of $50,000 (10,000 x $5).
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changing role of women in the past 25 year
relating to joint families . nuclear families
women as a bread earner of the family.
changes in the requirement trend of mixers.
washing machines , micro wave and standard
of living
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Consider the following: Year Population (Millions) Real GDP ($ Billions) GDP Deflator 2018 121 2019 125 Calculate the percentage change in per capita real GDP between 2018 and 2019: nothing%. (Enter your response as a percentage rounded to two decimal places.)
Answer: 3.59%
Explanation:
Real GDP per capita is the Real GDP divided by the population of the country.
Real GDP per Capita 2018
= 1,150,000,000/ 10,080,000
= 114.0873
= $114.0873
Real GDP per Capita 2019
= 1,430,000,000/ 12,100,000
= $118.1818
Percentage Change
= [tex]\frac{118.1818 - 114.0873}{114.0873}[/tex]
= 3.59%
which of the following quotes is the best way to tell your boss that you can't accept a new assignment right now?
a. I would like to work on this. but if I take this on I won't be able to meet my current deadline.
b. you know I already have this other deadline
c. I just don't know if I can get this all done
d. I don't have time sorry
Answer:
a
Explanation:
it would be fine hopefully
The correct quotes are the best way to tell your boss that you can't accept a new assignment right now is "I would like to work on this. But if I take this on, I won't be able to meet my current deadline". Thus, option (a) is correct.
What is assignment?An assignment is a judicial word used in the context of contract and property law. Assignment is the process through which one person, the assignor, passes rights or advantages to another, the assignee.
Assignment is providing someone to a specific job or piece of labor, or assigning someone to a specific location to complete a job.
The simplest approach to inform your supervisor that you can't take on a new job right now is to say, "I'd want to work on this, but if I take it on, I won't be able to fulfill my present deadline." Therefore, it can be concluded that option (A) is correct.
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"A customer invests $50,000 in a non-qualified variable annuity. Over the years, it has grown in value to $110,000. The customer’s cost basis in the annuity contract is::"
Answer:
The customer's cost basis in the annuity contract is $50,000.
Explanation:
The customer's cost basis in the annuity contract is the initial payments or premiums made in an annuity amounting to $50,000. This amount is usually taxed at the initial point. This implies that the $110,000 which the annuity has accumulated to will no longer be taxed. The customer will enjoy her lump sum and withdrawals undisturbed by the Internal Revenue Service.
You expect General Motors (GM) to have a beta of 1.3 over the next year and the beta of Exxon Mobil (XOM) to be 0.9 over the next year. Also, you expect the volatility of General Motors to be 40% and that of Exxon Mobil to be 30% over the next year. Which stock has more systematic risk? Which stock has more total risk?
Answer:
As the beta of GM (1.3) is more than that of XOM (0.9), GM has more systematic risk than XOM.
The volatility of GM (40%) is higher than that of XOM (30%). Thus, GM has a higher total risk than XOM.
Explanation:
The systematic risk is the risk caused by factors that affect all of the market and are unavoidable. Such a risk is also known as a market risk and is measured by the beta of a stock. The market beta is always 1. A stock having a beta higher than 1 has higher systematic risk than market and a stock having a lower beta than 1 has a lower systematic risk than the market.
As the beta of GM (1.3) is more than that of XOM (0.9), GM has more systematic risk than XOM.
Total risk, on the other hand, is the risk that comprises of both systematic and unsystematic risk. The systematic risk is the market risk as mentioned above while the unsystematic risk is the firm specific risk and is avoidable. The total risk is measured by the standard deviation or volatility of the stock. The stock with higher volatility has higher total risk and vice versa.
The volatility of GM (40%) is higher than that of XOM (30%). Thus, GM has a higher total risk than XOM.
Bank's Balance Sheet Assets Liabilities and Owners' Equity $1,600 $250 Securities $1,000 Capital (owners' equity) $150 Reserves$200 Deposits Loans $800 Debt Suppose the owners of the bank borrow $100 to supplement their existing reserves.
This would increase the reserves account and ______ the ______ account.
This would also bring the leverage ratio from its initial value of __________ to a new value of_______
Which of the following is true of the capital requirement?
a. The higher the percentage of assets a bank holds as loans, the higher the capital requirement.
b. A minimum leverage ratio for all banks.
c. Its intended goal is to protect the interests of those who hold equity in the bank.
Answer:
1. This would increase the reserves account and increase the debt account.
Borrowing refers to debt and so it will increase the debt account.
2. This would also bring the leverage ratio from its initial value of 13.33 to a new value of 14.
The bank leverage ratio refers to its Assets divided by Capital (Owners equity).
Before the $100 was borrowed, the leverage ratio was;
= (Reserves + loans + securities)/Capital
= ( 200 + 800 + 1,000) / 150
= 13.33
After the $100 was borrowed
= ( 200 + 800 + 1,000 + 100) /150
= 14.
3. a. The higher the percentage of assets a bank holds as loans, the higher the capital requirement.
The capital requirement is meant to protect depositors in case the loans are defaulted on as the loans are created from the funds depositors bring in. Should the loans be defaulted on, they will be paid from the capital therefore if the bank holds more loans, it will have to hold more capital to ensure it can cover those loans.
All of the following are considered process innovation EXCEPT A. organizational innovation. B. nonneutral technical progress. C. neutral technical progress. D. labor saving technical progress.
Answer:
B. nonneutral technical progress.
Explanation:
A 70-year old client wants to invest in U.S. Treasury securities. When performing the suitability determination, the client informs the registered representative that he is looking for after-tax income, liquidity, and to avoid market risk. The registered representative should be LEAST concerned with the:
Answer: client's age
Explanation:
From the question, we are informed that a 70-year old client wants to invest in U.S. Treasury securities and that when performing the suitability determination, the client informs the registered representative that he is looking for after-tax income, liquidity, and to avoid market risk.
The client's age should be the least the registered representative should be concerned about. Rather, the representative should be concerned with the coupon of the recommended treasury securities and the tax bracket of the client for tax purposes.
Once a firm reaches the lowest point on the Long Run Average Total Cost Curve then the firm will automatically charge a lower prices for their product or service. The cost analysis model that we studied in Chapter 9 said that this is always the best strategy to effectively capture the maximum market share.
A- True
B- False
Answer:
B. False
Explanation:
As it is mentioned in the question that When a firm reaches a lowest point on the Long Run Average Total Cost Curve then it automatically charged a less price for the product and services they are rendering to the customer. But this lowest point deals in the only perfect competition also it would not capture the maximum market share but it would result into optimum production and goods supply at minimum price
National Bank has several departments that occupy both floors of a two-story building. The departmental accounting system has a single account, Building Occupancy Cost, in its ledger. The types and amounts of occupancy costs recorded in this account for the current period follow.
Depreciation—Building $31,500
Interest—Building mortgage 47,250
Taxes—Building and land 14,000
Gas (heating) expense 4,375
Lighting expense 5,250
Maintenance expense 9,625
Total occupancy cost $112,000
The building has 7,000 square feet on each floor. In prior periods, the accounting manager merely divided the $112,000 occupancy cost by 14,000 square feet to find an average cost of $8 per square foot and then charged each department a building occupancy cost equal to this rate times the number of square feet that it occupied. Diane Linder manages a first-floor department that occupies 900 square feet, and Juan Chiro manages a second-floor department that occupies 1,800 square feet of floor space. In discussing the departmental reports, the second-floor manager questions whether using the same rate per square foot for all departments makes sense because the first-floor space is more valuable. This manager also references a recent real estate study of average local rental costs for similar space that shows first-floor space worth $40 per square foot and second-floor space worth $10 per square foot (excluding costs for heating, lighting, and maintenance).
Required
a. Allocate all occupancy costs to the Linder and Chiro departments using the current allocation method.
b. Allocate the depreciation, interest, and taxes occupancy costs to the Linder and Chiro departments in proportion to the relative market values of the floor space. Allocate the heating, lighting, and maintenance costs to the Linder and Chiro departments in proportion to the square feet occupied (ignoring floor space market values). Analysis Component
c. Which allocation method would you prefer if you were a manager of a second-floor department? Explain.
Answer:
National Bank
a. Allocation of Occupancy costs to Linder and Chiro Departments, using the current allocation method:
Linder's Department Chiro's Department
First-floor square feet 900 1,800
Average occupancy cost $8 $8
Total Occupancy costs $7,200 $14,400
b. Allocation of Occupancy costs to Linder and Chiro Departments, using the relative market values of the floor space:
Linder's Department Chiro's Department
First-floor square feet 900 1,800
Relative market value per square foot $40 $10
Total Occupancy costs:
Depreciation, interest & taxes $36,000 $18,000
Heating, lighting, & maintenance
(Rate = $1.375) $1,237.50 $2,475
Total occupancy costs $37,237.50 $20,475
c. As a manager of a second-floor department I would prefer the second method, where only the heating, lighting, and maintenance costs are based on the average cost and the rest of the occupancy costs are based on the relative market values of the floor space. The reason is that it looks more justified given that the two floors do not have the same market value. Assuming that the two floors command the same market value, then the first method is okay.
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Depreciation—Building $31,500
Interest—Building mortgage 47,250
Taxes—Building and land 14,000 $92,750
Gas (heating) expense 4,375
Lighting expense 5,250
Maintenance expense 9,625 $19,250
Total occupancy cost $112,000
Total square feet = 14,000
Average occupancy cost based on square feet = $8 ($112,000/14,000)
Building = 7,000 square feet on each floor
Diane Linder's first-floor department = 900 square feet
Juan Chiro's second-floor department = 1,800 square feet
Market rental costs (excluding costs for heating, lighting, and maintenance):
First-floor space = $40 per square foot
Second-floor space = $10 per square foot