You serve a volleyball with a mass of 2 kg. The ball leaves your hand with a speed of 30 m/s. What is the KE of the ball? find the product

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

KE= 900joules, product= 60kgm/s momentum

Explanation:

KE=1/2MV2= 1/2× 2×30×30=900J

PRODUCT= MOMENTUM= 30m/s×2kg= 60kgm/s


Related Questions

During resistance exercise, muscles are __________. A. working against a force B. repeatedly contracted C. concerted in movement D. all of the aboveImproving muscular strength and endurance slows bone density loss.

Answers

Answer:

the answer is A. working against a force

Explanation:

Answer:

A. working against a force

Explanation:

PLEASE HELP ME suppose you ride a bicycle around the ,returning to your starting point. At the end of your trip is your average speed greater than, less than, or equal to the magnitude of your average velocity? Explain

Answers

Answer:

Greater than

Explanation:

Distance is the length of the path traveled.  Displacement is the difference between the final position and initial position.

Speed = distance / time

Velocity = displacement / time

Since you return to your starting point, your displacement is 0 m, so your average velocity is 0 m/s.  Therefore, your average speed is greater than your average velocity.

Speed ls a function of distance and time, while velocity is a function of displacement and time. Since the rider returned to his starting point, then the magnitude of the average speed is greater than the magnitude of the average velocity

Average speed = [tex]\frac{distance}{time} [/tex]

Average velocity = [tex]\frac{displacement}{time} [/tex]

The total distance traveled will be sum of the 'to' and 'fro' distance.

The total displacement will be 0 (Final position - Initial position) ; since the rider returned to his starting position.

This means the average velocity will be 0 while the average speed will have a value greater than 0.

Therefore, the average speed will be greater.

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The person selling the bananas in the market says that they have a "weight" of 1 kg. Explain what is wrong with this statement​

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

weight is wrong.........weight is usually used for the heaviness in a body,,,,,,,we sell food giving the information that how many mass it contains or how many mass of this food do you want!

i hope you find it right!!!!!!!

Answer:

It should be mass instead of weight

Explanation:

I must use mass or dozen for bananas

4. If a person runs at 4 m/s for 2 minutes, how far will they run?

Answers

Answer:

48 metres

Explanation:

[tex]Speed = 4m/s\\Time = 2m = 120 secods\\\\Distance = ?\\Distance = Speed \times time \\\\Distance = 4 \times 12\\= 48\: meters[/tex]

The distance covered by the person is 480 meters.

We have a a person who runs at 4 m/s for 2 minutes.

We have to determine how far he had run.

What is the formula to calculate the distance travelled by the moving body?

The distance travelled by the body can be given by -

d = v x t

where -

v - velocity of body

t - time for which the body travelled

According to question, we have -

v = 4 m/s

t = 2 minutes = 120 seconds

Therefore, the distance travelled will be -

d = v x t

d = 4 x 120

d = 480 meters

Hence, the distance covered by the person is 480 meters.

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a car travels 50km east east in 30 min what is its velocity in km/h

Answers

Answer:

0.6

Explanation:

31. A man can lift 600 kg on the surface of the moon. He can lift on the earth is:
(2 Points)
100 kg
O 600 kg
0 60 kg
980 kg​

Answers

Answer:

He can lift on the earth is 60 kg

A motorboat accelerates uniformly from a velocity of 6.5 m/s to the west to a velocity of 1.5 m/s to the west. If its acceleration was 2.7 m/s2 to the east, what was the boat's displacement

Answers

Answer:

The displacement of the boat is 7.41 m

Explanation:

Given;

initial velocity of the motorboat, u = 6.5 m/s west

final velocity of the motorboat, v = 1.5 m/s west

acceleration of the motorboat, a = -2.7 m/s² east

The displacement of the boat is given by;

v² = u² + 2ad

where;

d is the displacement of the motorboat

1.5² = 6.5² + 2(-2.7)d

1.5² -  6.5² = -5.4d

-40 = -5.4d

d = (40) / 5.4

d = 7.41 m

Therefore, the displacement of the boat is 7.41 m

Where is the Oort cloud located?
O between the orbit of Mars and the orbit of Jupiter
O in the different orbits between the sun and Neptune
O beyond the Kuiper belt, at the farthest end of the solar system
O all over the solar system and between the orbits of the planets

Answers

Answer: C

Explanation: just did it

Answer:

C

Explanation:

edg 2021 AP Physc

A car travels 30.0 km to the south and then turns around and travels 20.0 km to the north in 1.5 hours time. What is the car's total displacement? What is the car's average velocity?
Total displacement = ______ km S
Average velocity = ________ km/h S

Answers

Explanation:

Total displacement =30+20=50 Km

Average velocity =displacement /time

V=50/1.5=33.33km/hr

Answer:

Total Displacement: 10

Average velocity, closest option is 10.

Explanation:

30-20=10

Question 1 of 10
Which situation is most likely to lead to improving a scientific theory?
O A. Development of new technologies
B. Relaxing government restrictions
C. Repeating an experiment to verify results
D. Increased funding for research

Answers

Answer:

The correct option is;

C. Repeating an experiment to verify results

Explanation:

A scientific theory is a statement explaining an observed natural phenomenon which can be simulated for verification ensuring that all protocols of the scientific method of investigation are observed.

By repeating the experiment under particular conditions such as through verification of data from direct observation such as in astronomy, a scientific theory can be improved by pointing out the natural behavior of the phenomenon to better clarify the assumptions made in the theory.

Answer:

Developing new technologies.

Explanation:

A car travels a distance of 98 meters in 10.0 seconds. What is the average speed of the car during this 10.0 second interval?

Answers

Answer:

9.8 m/s

Explanation:

Distance Traveled = 98 m

Total Time = 10 s

Average Speed = Total Distance/Total Time

= 98/10

= 9.8 m/s

Hope this helped...

1/2mv^2+Fd=mgh solve for F

Answers

Answer:

[tex]F=\frac{mgh-\frac{1}{2} mv^2}{d}[/tex]

Explanation:

Step 1: Write out equation

[tex]\frac{1}{2} mv^2+Fd=mgh[/tex]

Step 2: Subtract FD on both sides

[tex]\frac{1}{2} mv^2=mgh-Fd[/tex]

Step 3: Subtract mgh on both sides

[tex]\frac{1}{2} mv^2-mgh=-Fd[/tex]

Step 4: Divide both sides by -d

[tex]\frac{\frac{1}{2} mv^2-mgh}{-d} =F[/tex]

Step 5: Rewrite

[tex]F=\frac{mgh-\frac{1}{2} mv^2}{d}[/tex]

If the 20-mm-diameter rod is made of A-36 steel and the stiffness of the spring is k = 61 MN/m , determine the displacement of end A when the 60-kN force is applied. Take E = 200 GPa.

Answers

Answer:

σ = 1.09 mm

Explanation:

Step 1: Identify the given parameters

rod diameter = 20 mm

stiffness constant (k) = 55 MN/m = 55X10⁶N/m

applied force (f) = 60 KN = 60 X 10³N

young modulus (E) = 200 Gpa = 200 X 10⁹pa

Step 2: calculate length of the rod, L

K = \frac{A*E}{L}K=

L

A∗E

L = \frac{A*E}{K}L=

K

A∗E

A=\frac{\pi d^{2}}{4}A=

4

πd

2

d = 20-mm = 0.02 m

A=\frac{\pi (0.02)^{2}}{4}A=

4

π(0.02)

2

A = 0.0003 m²

L = \frac{A*E}{K}L=

K

A∗E

L = \frac{(0.0003142)*(200X10^9)}{55X10^6}L=

55X10

6

(0.0003142)∗(200X10

9

)

L = 1.14 m

Step 3: calculate the displacement of the rod, σ

\sigma = \frac{F*L}{A*E}σ=

A∗E

F∗L

\sigma = \frac{(60X10^3)*(1.14)}{(0.0003142)*(200X10^9)}σ=

(0.0003142)∗(200X10

9

)

(60X10

3

)∗(1.14)

σ = 0.00109 m

σ = 1.09 mm

Therefore, the displacement at the end of A is 1.09 mm

From a rifle of mass 4 kg, a bullet of mass 50 g is fired with an initial velocity of 35 m/s. Calculate the initial recoil velocity of the rifle.

Answers

[tex]\large{\bf{\gray{\underline{\underline{\orange{Given:}}}}}}[/tex]

Mass of rifle = 4kg

Mass of bullet = 50g = 0.05kg

Initial velocity of bullet = 35m/s

[tex]\large{\bf{\gray{\underline{\underline{\green{To\:Find:}}}}}}[/tex]

Recoil velocity of rifle.

[tex]\large{\bf{\gray{\underline{\underline{\pink{Solution:}}}}}}[/tex]

Recoil velocity of rifle is given by

[tex]\dag\:\boxed{\bf{\purple{V=-\dfrac{mv}{M}}}}[/tex]

M denotes mass of riflem denotes mass of bulletv denotes velocity of bullet

[tex]:\implies\sf\:V=-\dfrac{mv}{M}[/tex]

[tex]:\implies\sf\:V=-\dfrac{0.05\times 35}{4}[/tex]

[tex]:\implies\sf\:V=-\dfrac{1.75}{4}[/tex]

[tex]:\implies\bf\:V=-0.437\:ms^{-1}[/tex]

[Note : -ve sign shows opposite direction]

Answer:

MgVg=MbVb.

4×Vg=0.05×35.

4Vg=1.75.

Vg=1.75/4

=0.4375 ~ 0.4m/s.

Referring to the image below (based on vectors physics), how does he get F2X = F2Cosθ. I don't understand how he got the equation so that he knows there are equal. I circled it in orange.

Answers

Answer:

Please see explanation below

Explanation:

Recall that trigonometric functions like cosine (cos) and sine (sin) of an angle are defined based on the relationships between the sides and hypotenuse of a right angle triangle:

[tex]sin(\theta)=\frac{opposite}{hypotenuse} \\cos(\theta)=\frac{adjacent}{hypotenuse}[/tex]

where the terms "opposite" and "adjacent" refer to the sides opposite and adjacent to the angle in question.

Based on such, one can solve for example for the "adjacent" side (the horizontal component of the 200 N vector you need to find) to the known angle ([tex]\theta[/tex]) in the following way:

[tex]cos(\theta)=\frac{adjacent}{hypotenuse}\\cos(\theta)=\frac{adjacent}{hypotenuse}\\cos(30^o)=\frac{adjacent}{200}\\adjacent=200\,\,cos(30^o)[/tex]

A swimmer bounces straight up from a diving board and falls feet first into a pool. She starts with a velocity of 5.00 m/s, and her takeoff point is 1.30 m above the pool.

Required:
a. How long are her feet in the air?
b. What is her highest point above the board?
c. What is her velocity when her feet hit the water?

Answers

Answer:

a

     t =  1.235 s

b

  [tex]h_{max} = 2.55 \ m[/tex]

c

 [tex]v = -7.10 m/s[/tex]

Explanation:

From the question we are told that

    The  initial  velocity is [tex]u = 5.0 \ m/s[/tex]

      The  take of height is  [tex]h = -1.30 \ m[/tex]

The negative sign show that the height is on the negative y-axis when the take off point is consider as the origin

Generally from the kinematic equation we have that

       [tex]s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2[/tex]

=>     [tex]-1.30 = 5.0 t + \frac{1}{2} (-9.8)t^2[/tex]

Here g is negative given that the swimmers jump motion is against gravity

    [tex]4.9t^2 - 5t - 1.30[/tex]

solving using quadratic formula we obtain that

    t =  1.235 s

Generally the highest point is mathematically evaluated as

      [tex]h_{max} = \frac{v^2 - u^2 }{2 * (-g) }[/tex]

Here v =  0 m/s since the velocity at the highest point is 0

   [tex]h_{max} = \frac{0^2 - 5^2 }{2 * (-9.8) }[/tex]

   [tex]h_{max} = 2.55 \ m[/tex]

Generally her velocity when the feet hits the water is mathematically evaluated from kinematic equation as

     [tex]v = \pm \sqrt{ u^2 + 2 (-g) * (-h)}[/tex]

      [tex]v = -7.10 m/s[/tex]

The  negative value of the velocity is selected because the velocity is on the negative y-axis

     

     

     

An athlete participating in cross-country spends the afternoon practicing, and at the end is completely exhausted from all the hard word, even though their average velocity during the practice was 0 m/s. Explain how this situation is possible.

Answers

Answer: please find the answer in the explanation

Explanation:

Velocity is the distance covered in a specific direction per time taken.

And in velocity, we have final velocity V and initial velocity U.

The definition of average velocity is:

Average velocity = (V + U)/2

Since velocity involves direction, if the initial velocity U is of the same magnitude as the final velocity V and both are of opposite direction. Then,

Average velocity = (-U + V)/2

Since they are of the same magnitude,

V = U.

Therefore,

Average velocity = (-U + U)/2 = 0

A train travels due north in a straight line with a constant speed of 100 m/s. Another train leaves a station 2,881 m away traveling on the same track, but traveling due south with a constant speed of 136 m/s. At what position will the trains collide? Round to the nearest whole number.

Answers

Answer:

The trains will collide at a distance 1660 m from the station

Explanation:

Let the train traveling due north with a constant speed of 100 m/s be Train A.

Let the train traveling due south with a constant speed of 136 m/s be Train B.

From the question, Train B leaves a station 2,881 m away (that is 2,881 m away from Train A position).

Hence, the two trains would have traveled a total distance of 2,881 m by the time they collide.

∴ If train A has covered a distance [tex]x[/tex] m by the time of collision, then train B would have traveled [tex](2881 - x)[/tex] m.

Also,

At the position where the trains will collide, the two trains must have traveled for equal time, t.

That is, At the point of collision,

[tex]t_{A} = t_{B}[/tex]

[tex]t_{A}[/tex] is the time spent by train A

[tex]t_{B}[/tex] is the time spent by train B

From,

[tex]Velocity = \frac{Distance }{Time }\\[/tex]

[tex]Time = \frac{Distance}{Velocity}[/tex]

Since the time spent by the two trains is equal,

Then,

[tex]\frac{Distance_{A} }{Velocity_{A} } = \frac{Distance_{B} }{Velocity_{B} }[/tex]

[tex]{Distance_{A} = x[/tex] m

[tex]{Distance_{B} = 2881 - x[/tex] m

[tex]{Velocity_{A} = 100[/tex] m/s

[tex]{Velocity_{B} = 136[/tex] m/s

Hence,

[tex]\frac{x}{100} = \frac{2881 - x}{136}[/tex]

[tex]136(x) = 100(2881 - x)\\136x = 288100 - 100x\\136x + 100x = 288100\\236x = 288100\\x = \frac{288100}{236} \\x = 1220.76m\\[/tex]

[tex]x[/tex]≅ 1,221 m

This is the distance covered by train A by the time of collision.

Hence, Train B would have covered (2881 - 1221)m = 1660 m

Train B would have covered 1660 m by the time of collision

Since it is train B that leaves a station,

∴ The trains will collide at a distance 1660 m from the station.

Select the correct images.

Identity the electromagnets with poles that are reversed from the electromagnet shown above.

Answers

Answer:

I think it is the third one

Explanation:

Everything about it is flipped

The electromagnets with poles that are reversed from the electromagnet  is according to image C.

What is magnet?

A substance which is negative charged at one end and positive charged at another end creating the magnetic field around it.

A bar is a magnet which can attract the particle which are charged. It has two poles North and South.

The electromagnet is find in the electric motor. In the motor, loop made up of conductor is rotated by the effect of magnetic field of permanent magnet.

An electromagnet is a soft metal core made into a magnet by the passage of electric current through a coil surrounding it.

When the poles are reversed, then the direction of current flow is also reversed.

Thus, the correct option is C.

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A bus is mobing with aspped of 72km/hr .convert this speed in m/s.​

Answers

Answer

ANSWER WITH FULL EXPLANATION

If a speed is given  km/h, then the formula to convert the speed from km/h to m/s is  

km/h = m/s

In other words, if you want to convert the given speed from km/h to m/s, then multiply the given number by  and put "m/s" after it.  

The speed of a car is 72 km/h.  

Converting the speed into m/s

72 km/h =  m/s = 20 m/s

∴ The speed of the car (expressed in m/s) is 20 m/s.

SHORT ANSWER

1km/h=5/18m/s

72km/h=72×5/18m/s

=4×5m/s

=20m/s.

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What are the factors affecting gravitational force?​

Answers

Answer: Distance between objectsMass of objectsForce of gravitational field

1 point
A person is standing on the equator. What is the person's displacement (in kilometers) after 1 revolution of the planet? Facts: The Earth rotates around the axis of
rotation once every 23 hours and 56 minutes. The circumference (distance around something) is 40,075 kilometers.
type your answer

Answers

Answer:

The person has no displacement

Explanation:

The given parameters are

The location of the person = The equator

The distance covered in one revolution = Total distance around the body

The total distance around the Earth = The circumference of the Earth = 40.075 kilometres

The total distance moved by the person standing at the equator during the Earths complete revolution = 40,075 kilometres

The initial location of the person in relation to a fixed point in space outside Earth at the start of the revolution = x km

The final location of the person in relation to the fixed point in space outside Earth at the completion of the revolution = x km

The displacement = Change in position = Final location - Initial location  

∴ The displacement = x km - x km = 0 km.

During a baseball game, a batter hits a pop-up to a fielder 93 m away.The acceleration of gravity is 9.8 m/s2.If the ball remains in the air for 5.4 s, howhigh does it rise?Answer in units of m

Answers

Explanation:

It is given that, a batter hits a pop-up to a fielder 93 m away, range of the projectile, R = 93 m

The ball remains in the air for 5.4 s, the time of flight is 5.4 s

Time of flight : [tex]T=\dfrac{2v\sin\theta}{g}[/tex]

[tex]5.4=\dfrac{2v\sin\theta}{g}\\\\v\sin\theta=\dfrac{5.4\times 9.8}{2}\\\\v\sin\theta=26.46[/tex]

Maximum height of the projectile : [tex]H=\dfrac{v^2\sin^2\theta}{2g}[/tex]

We need to find H.

So,

[tex]H=\dfrac{(v\sin\theta)^2}{2g}\\\\H=\dfrac{(26.46)^2}{2\times 9.8}\\\\H=35.72\ m[/tex]

So, it will rise to a height of 35.72 m.

88 L + 120 dL = _____________ L?

Answers

Answer:

100 L

Explanation:

10 dL =  1 L

How many weeks are in 309 seconds?

Answers

Not even a week. If you looking for a number it would be 0.00051091. Again not even a week.

Answer:

0.000510913 weeks...

Not even one week.

Se suelta una piedra cerca de la superficie lunar y cae libremente durante 7 segundos. La aceleración de la gravedad lunar es de 1,6 m/s² ¿qué velocidad alcanzará?

Answers

Answer:

v = 11.2 m/s

Explanation:

A stone is dropped near the lunar surface and falls freely for 7 seconds. The acceleration of lunar gravity is 1.6 m / s², what speed will it reach?

Given that,

The acceleration due to the gravity of lunar gravity is 1.6 m/s²

A stone is dropped near the lunar surface and falls freely for 7 seconds.

We need to find the speed with which it reach.

The initial velocity of the stone will be 0 as it was at rest.

Using equation of kinematics v=u+at

[tex]v=1.6\times 7\\\\v=11.2\ m/s[/tex]

So, the stone will reach with a speed of 11.2 m/s

What is used to measure mass?

Answers

Answer:

A balance

Explanation:

Scientists measure mass with a balance, such as a triple beam balance or electronic balance. In science, the volume of a liquid might be measured with a graduated cylinder.

Answer: Scientists often measure mass with a balance

Hope this helps

atomic number of metal and the atomic mass

Answers

Answer:

there are many metals in the periodic table and all have different atomic number and mass

Explanation:

Dr. Sampson is studying the effects of caffeine on hunger. He hypothesizes that people who ingest more caffeine experience less hunger pangs throughout the day. He designs a study where one group of participants is given caffeine throughout the day, and the other group is not allowed to have any caffeine. He then has the two groups journal their hunger pangs throughout the day and he compares the results. In this study, the experimental group consists of the participants who:

Answers

Answer:

The participants who were given the coffee

Explanation:

This is the group which the experiment is centered or focused around in order to achieve a result of derive informations regarding their exposure to some things.

Dr. Sampson is studying the effects of caffeine on hunger which means he hypothesizes that people who ingest more caffeine experience less hunger pangs throughout the day. He designs a study where one group of participants is given caffeine throughout the day, and the other group is not allowed to have any caffeine. All this talks about The participants who were given the coffee being the experimental group

Sort the length measurements in increasing order of magnitude from smallest to largest Drag each tile to the correct box Tiles Sequence micrometer Kilometer decimeter centimeter nanometer dekameter

Answers

Answer:

Nanometer, micrometer, centimeter, decimeter, dekameter, kilometer

Explanation:

Given the following length measurement :

micrometer Kilometer decimeter centimeter nanometer dekameter.

Sorting in increasing order of magnitude from Smallest to Largest.

Expressing in terms of meters :

1 meter = 0.1 decameter

1 meter = 1 × 10^9 nanometer

1 meter = 1 × 10^2 centimeter

1 meter = 1 × 10^1 decimeter

1 meter = 0.001 kilometer

1 meter = 1 × 10^6 micrometers

Hence, arranging from Smallest to Largest :

Nanometer, micrometer, centimeter, decimeter, dekameter, kilometer

Other Questions
Which statement best describes both insulin and glucagon? Why does theauthor structure these sentences in this way in paragraph 13 of The Fall of The House of Usher what did economic liberalism stand for I loved staying at your house this week. Find the common noun In a cathode ray tube, electrons flow from the negatively charged cathode to the positively charged anode. Cathode ray tubes may be small and compact, but they typically must be plugged in to function. The flow of electrons within this tube is:________. a. spontaneous b. nonspontaneous c. neither spontaneous nor nonspontaneous d. impossible to tell You are making a 0.2M solution of sodium acetate in the lab. Sodium acetate has a molecular mass of 82.03 g/mol. How many g of sodium acetate will you use if you are making 500mL of the solution All organisms must be able to obtain nutrients from their environment. Which of the following terms describes the process of one organism killing another organism in order to obtain nutrients? he Snella Company reports 2015 Pre-tax Net Income of $10,000. The following items exist:Premiums Paid for Key Officer Life Insurance $ 200Accrued Revenues $ 80Unearned Revenues $ 50The tax rate is 20%. Indicate the amounts for 2015 Income Tax Expense and 12/31/15 Income Tax Payable, respectively:a. $2,040, $2,034b. $1,960, $1,934c. $1,960, $1,986d. $2,040, $1,986e. $2,034, $2,034 Which is the best evidence to support the sentence? Wildfires are essential to the continued survival of some plant species. (1 point) O Wildfires can start with a natural occurrence-such as a lightning strike-or a human-made spark. By clearing scrub and underbrush, fires can make way for new grasses, herbs, and shrubs that provide food and habitat for animals and birds. O Plants such as tree cones depend on wildfires in order to pass through a regular life cycle. O Wildfires also help keep ecosystems healthy. What is the average velocity of a car starting from 0 and travels 7 meters in 9 seconds? What is the pigment inside of a leaf that makes it green and absorbs sunlight? Monar Inc.'s CFO would like to decrease its cash conversion cycle by 10 days (based on a 365 day year). The company carries average inventory of $750,000. Its annual sales are $10 million, its cost of goods sold is 75% of annual sales, and its average collection period is twice as long as its inventory conversion period. The firm buys on terms of net 30 days, and it pays on time. The CFO believes he can reduce the average inventory to $647,260 with no effect on sales. By how much must the firm also reduce its accounts receivable to meet its goal in the reduction of the cash conversion cycle Katie put a flowering plant on her kitchen table. How would the flowers respond to light coming through the window?A.Flower would lean toward the windowB.Flower would open facing away windowC.Flowers change colorD. flowers would begin to wilt Solve for x. 4x - x + 12 = 0 * Jana is ordering a list of numbers from least to greatest. SALES A daily newspaper had 12,125 subscribers when it began publication. Five years later it had 10,100 subscribers. What is the average yearly rate of change in the number of subscribers for the five-year period? -4a5 [tex]-4a^{5}(6a^{5})[/tex] Which best states one of the author's purposes for including this information in the text? To give the reader important facts about a historical event To describe what a historical event felt like to a participant To tell the reader how a historical event affects people today To persuade the reader that a historical event was tragic A color printer can print 7 color photos in one minute. How many minutes will it take to print 500 photos? (round if you have to) A unit of an organization is referred to as an investment center if it has: a. Authority to make decisions affecting the major determinants of profit, including the power to choose its markets and sources of supply b. Responsibility for developing markets for and selling the output of the organization c. Authority to make decisions affecting the major determinants of profit, including the power to choose its markets and sources of supply and significant control over the amount of invested capital d. Authority to make decisions over the most significant costs of operations, including the power to choose the sources of supply e. Authority to provide specialized support to other units within the organization