Atom in
a- hydrogen gas - H atom
b - Salt = Sodium atom and chlorine atom
c - Methane - carbon , hydrogen atom
d - carbon dioxide = carbon , oxygen atoms
e - oxygen gas = oxygen atom
f - water = hydrogen and oxygen tom
g - hydrochloric acid = hydrogen and chlorine atoms
h - sodium hydroxide = sodium , oxygen and hydrogen atom
I - carbonated water - carbon , oxygen , hydrogen atoms
What is an atom ?
An atom is a particle of matter that uniquely defines a chemical element. Atoms consist of a central nucleus surrounded by one or more negatively charged electrons. Atoms, the smallest units that can decompose matter without emitting charged particles. It is also the smallest unit of matter with the characteristic properties of chemical elements. As such, atoms are the basic building blocks of chemistry.
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why was a steam bath used to dry the recovered copper product? (hint: reference the reaction 5 steps in lab manual)
A steam bath is used to dry the recovered copper product as the amount of water in the steam increases, the latent heat decreases, providing less heat to transfer from the steam to the copper product to dry.
A steam bath is used instead of a hot plate to dry the recovered copper to prevent overheating. Overheating can lead to atmospheric oxygen from oxidizing.
The steam dryness division is utilized to evaluate the sum of water inside the steam. If steam contains 10% water by mass, it's said to be 90% dry, or have a dryness division of 0.9.
Steam dryness is critical since it includes a coordinated impact on the overall sum of transferable vitality contained inside the steam (ordinarily fair idle warm), which influences warming effectiveness and quality.
For illustration, soaked steam (100% dry) contains 100% of the inactive warm accessible at that weight. Immersed water, which has no idle warm and so 0% dryness, will as contains sensible warm.
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Calculate the mass of silver deposited when a current of 3 ampere is passed through a solution of silver salt for 50 minutes
The mass of silver deposited in the electrode when a current of 3 ampere passes in 50 minutes is 6.71 g.
What is electrolysis?Electrolysis is the process of passing current through an electrolyte solution and results in the redox process where the reduced metal is deposited in the cathode.
The mass deposited w of a metal in electrolysis is can be calculated using the equation w = zit where, the z is the equivalent mass and t be the time I is the current passed.
The equivalent mass of Ag is 108 g. for one ampere the charge q will be 96500 C. Now,
w = 108 × 3 × ( 50 × 60 seconds) /96500 = 6.71 g.
Hence, the mass of silver deposited is 6.71 g.
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Why is group IIA elements called alkali earth metals??
Answer:
Explanation:
As alkali is a base and it produce OH- when disolved in water. So we can say that they are called "alkaline" earth metals because they form "alkaline" solutions, hydroxides, when they react with water . "Earth" was the alchemists term for the oxides of alkaline earth metals.
find the solubility product constant for lead (ii) iodide if the concentration of i- is found to be 1.25x10-3 m when the solution is saturated.
The concentration of I- is found to be 1.25 x 10^-3 M when this solution is saturated. The solubility product constant for lead (II) iodide is: Ksp = 1,95 x 10^-9.
How to calculate the solubility product constant?The balanced chemical equation of lead (II) iodide is:
PbI2(aq) <=> Pb2+(aq) + 2I-(aq)
s s 2s
We can only include the ions from gas and aqueous phases in the equilibrium equation. Hence, the solubility product constant (Ksp) of this reaction is:
Ksp = [Pb2+][I-]^2
Ksp = s(s)^2
Ksp = s^3
If the concentration of I- is 1.25 x 10^-3:
Ksp = s^3
Ksp = 1.25 x 10^-3 (1.25 x 10^-3)^2
Ksp = 1.25 x 10^-3 (1,56 X 10^-6)
Ksp = 1,95 x 10^-9
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if the mass of agno3 is 5,3g per spoon. calculate the concentration of the solution after two spoons have been added
Assuming the solution is taken in 1 L volume so that the number of moles of AgNO₃ with 10.6 g or two spoon is 0.062 moles. Thus the concentration of the solution is 0.06 molar.
What is molarity?Molarity of a solution is the ratio of its number of moles of solute to the volume of solution in liters. Molarity is a temperature dependent quantity. This is the most common term for concentration of a solution.
The molar mass of AgNO₃ is 169.9 g/mol. One tea spoon silver nitrate is 5.3 g thus, two tea spoon is 10.6 g. The number of moles of 10.6 AgNO₃
= mass/weight
= 10.6 g / 169.9 g/mol
= 0.062 moles.
Thus the concentration of 0.062 moles in 1 L solution is 0.062 molar.
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consider one glucose unit in glycogen. what is the overall or net reaction for the conversion of this unit into 2 pyruvate, starting with phosphorolysis of the glucose unit?
This cycle is known as Glycolysis
Glycolysis is the 10 step process, which occurs in cytoplasm of cell and is conversion of glucose to pyruvate.
There are several steps and enzymes that is required in glycolysis pathway.
STEP 1: PHOSPHORYLATION
This is irreversible reaction.
Here glucose is phosphorylated to glucose 6 phosphate with the help of enzyme hexokinase and 1 ATP is utilized.
STEP 2 : ISOMERISATION
The isomerization of Glucose-6-phosphate to Fructose-6-phosphate, done with the help of enzyme phosphoglucoisomerase.
STEP 3 : SECOND PHOSPHORYLATION
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is phosphorylated to Fructose 1,6 bisphosphate which is catalyzed by phosphofructokinase and cost another ATP.
STEP 4: BREAKDOWN
The fructose-1,6 bisphosphate is breaken down too produce two 3carbon molecules - Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, or GADP, and a molecule of Dihydroxyacetone phosphate or DHAP.
The reaction is catalyzed by aldolase.
STEP 5 : CONVERSION OF DHAP INTO GADP
DHAP is oxidized to form GADP.
The reaction is catalyzed by triose phosphate isomerase enzyme.
STEP 6: OXIDATION
Here 2 mol. of GADP are oxidized.The GDAP is converted to 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate with the help of glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase. This requires NAD+ and a free phosphate.
STEP 7: DEPHOSPHORYLATION
First substrate level phosphorylation ( addition of phosphate to ADP to give ATP )
1,3 bisphosphoglycerate with the help of Phosphoglycerate kinase become 3-phosphoglycerate and will produce 1 ATP.
STEP 8: PHOSPHATE TRANSFER
The phosphate ester linkage in 3 phosphoglycerate is moved from 3 C to 2 , because of low free energy to form 2 phosphoglycerate with the help of phosphoglycerate mutase .
STEP 9: DEHYDRATION
2 phopshoglycerate is dehydrated by enolase to form Phosphoenolpyruvate ( PEP)
This is reversible reaction.
STEP 10: SECOND DEPHOSPHORYLATION
2 substrate level phosphorylation which gives out ATP.
Non - oxidative phosphorylation.
Here Phosphoenolpyruvate ( PEP) is converted to last product of glycolysis pyruvate releasing ATP by pyruvate kinase.
The first five step is production of GADP, And usage of ATP and the next five steps are the formation of ATP and pyruvate. The net formation of ATP is 2 mol. of ATP and 2 mol. of NADH. This pyruvate then move to the TCA cycle.
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a 25.0 ml sample of a 0.2800 m solution of aqueous trimethylamine is titrated with a 0.3500 m solution of hcl. calculate the ph of the solution after 10.0, 20.0, and 30.0 ml of acid have been added; pkb of (ch3)3n
pH after adding 10.0 ml of acid = 9.81, pH after adding 20.0 ml of acid = 5.31.pH after adding 30.0 ml of acid = 1.20
In chemistry, the pH scale is used to define the acidity or alkalinity of an aqueous solution. Historically, pH stood for "hydrogen potential". The pH values of acidic solutions are usually lower than those of basic or alkaline solutions.
An acid (acid catalysis) is any substance that tastes unpleasant in aqueous solution, turns blue litmus paper red, reacts with some metals to release hydrogen, combines with bases to form salts, and stimulates chemical processes. A Brnsted-Lowry acid or Lewis acid is a molecule or ion that has the ability to donate a proton or form a covalent bond with an electron pair. Proton donors, also known as Brnsted-Lowry acids, are the first class of acids.
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work is entropy free, and sometimes the claim is made that work will not change the entropy of a fluid passing through an adiabatic steady-flow system with a single inlet and outlet. is this a valid claim?
Work is entropy free and it does transfer entropy but the claim is not valid, the entropy of a fluid passing through an adiabatic steady state system with a single outlet and inlet can change due to irreversibilities present in the system during the process.
What is entropy?
Entropy is a measure of the disorder of a system.Entropy also describes how much energy is not available to do work.The more disordered a system and the higher the entropy, the less of a system's energy is available to do work.Why doesn't entropy change when there is a work transfer?
We have two grades of energy i.e high-grade energy and low-grade energy. High-grade energy is directly utilized by us like potential energy and kinetic energy. On the other hand, low-grade energy can't be utilized by us directly, it is first converted into high-grade energy eg- heat.According to the second law of thermodynamics low-grade energy can't be completely converted into high-grade energy, there is always some loss associated with it. But high-grade energy can be completely converted into low-grade energy.To know more about entropy:
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calculate the density of a solid substance if a cube measuring 2.02 cm on one side has a mass of 101 g.
The density of the solid substance if a cube measuring 2.02cm on one side having a mass of 101g is 12.254g/cm^3.
What is meant by density?
Density can be defined as the relationship between mass of a substance and volume of that substance. Density explains how tightly the atoms in a substance is packed together.
Density of the substance can be calculated by dividing mass by volume of the substance.
Volume of the cube = LxBxH = 2.02cm x 2.02cm x 2.02cm = 8.242 cm^3
Density = mass/volume = 101g/8.242cm^3 = 12.254 g/cm^3
Therefore, the density of the solid substance if a cube measuring 2.02cm on one side having a mass of 101g is 12.254g/cm^3.
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To find the net force on an object:
Net Force = Mass × Acceleration, or F = m × a.
What is Acceleration?Acceleration is a change in an object's motion, like when Zeke speeds up on his skateboard. Every time an unbalanced force acts on an object, acceleration happens. Although the mass of the object also influences its acceleration, the acceleration of an object is primarily determined by the net force exerted on it.
Greater acceleration is possible for a given force when the mass of an object is smaller. These interactions are encapsulated by Newton's second law of motion. This rule states that an object's acceleration is equal to the net force exerted on it divided by its mass.
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You are making a glass of Kool-Aid. You put 2 tablespoons of sugar, stir it until all the sugar is dissolved and then taste it. You realize it is not sweet enough so you add 10 more tablespoons of sugar and stir it. You notice that there are still solids in the glass. Do these solids indicate that a chemical reaction occurred?
Yes because you saw solids form and the color change, which indicates a chemical reaction.
No because the solids are not a new substance.
Yes because the solids are a new substance that formed between the Kool-Aid and water.
No because a chemical reaction has to show a change in denisty.
The solids are a new substance which indicate that a new substance is formed between the Kool-Aid and water as the chemical reaction has occurred between these two substances.
What is a chemical reaction?Chemical reaction is defined as a reaction which occur when a substance combines with another substance to form a new substance.Alternatively, when a substance breaks down or decomposes to give new substances it is also considered to be a chemical reaction.
There are several characteristics of chemical reactions like change in color, change in state , change in odor and change in composition . During chemical reaction there is also formation of precipitate an insoluble mass of substance or even evolution of gases.
There are three types of chemical reactions:
1) inorganic reactions
2)organic reactions
3) biochemical reactions
During chemical reactions atoms are rearranged and reactions are accompanied by an energy change as new substances are formed.
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13. Identify two elements on Mendeleev's table that combines with oxygen in the same ratio
as magnesium.
14. Identify one characteristic used by Mendeleev to develop his classification system of
the elements.
15. State one difference between Mendeleev's Table and the Modern Periodic Table.
Two elements on Mendeleev's table that combines with oxygen in the same ratio as magnesium are Beryllium and Calcium.
They form in a ratio of 1:1 with oxygen.
What is the reason behind Berylium and Calcium in the ratio of 1:1 with oxygen?
The one-to-one charge ratio results in the formula CaO. Calcium and Oxygen have iconic bonding because calcium loses two electrons and oxygen gains two to complete their octet.
BeO can be produced by the reaction between beryllium and oxygen .In this reaction , each Be atom loses its two valence electrons to 0 atoms , forming Be2+ions and O2- ions. The electrostatic attraction between the oppositely charged ions forms the iconic bond .
One characteristic used by Mendeleev to develop his classification system of the elements:
Mendeleev was directed by two variables: Expanding nuclear masses, and Gathering of components having comparative properties. Mendeleev thought about formulae of hydrides and oxides as one of the fundamental models for order, among substance properties.
One difference between Mendeleev's Table and the Modern Periodic Table is :
Mendeleev's periodic table is based on atomic mass whereas +The modern periodic table is based on the atomic number.
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the compound ccl4 contains question 16 options: a) nonpolar covalent bonds. b) polar covalent bonds, with partial negative charges on the cl atoms. c) ionic bonds. d) polar covalent bonds, with partial negative charges on the c atoms.
The compound [tex]CCl_{4}[/tex] contains polar covalent bonds having partial negative charges on the Cl atoms.
So, the correct option is B.
The four polar covalent bonds between carbon and chlorine in carbon tetrachloride ( [tex]CCl_{4}[/tex]) give it its name as a covalent compound. Due to the variation in atoms' values of electronegativity, the bonds in this compound are polar. The molecule is asymmetrical, which means that the opposing opposite forces balance each other out, and as a result, the molecule is not polar.
The four bonds have symmetry and are spread out in four different directions. In each order, the dipole moments are thus canceled out. Tetrachlorocarbon is a non-polar molecule as a result. Although the electronegativities of C and Cl are different, the carbon tetrachloride molecule has no dipole moment.
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If 2 isotopes of Osmium existed, Os-190 and Os-191, which one would have the highest percent abundance? How do you know?
If 2 isotopes of Osmium existed, Os-190 and Os-191, one would have the highest percent abundance is Os - 190.
The isotopes are elements of the same family that all have the same number of protons but have the different number of neutrons. The two common type of isotopes of osmium is Os - 190 and the Os - 191. The isotopes whose mass is closer to the the relative atomic mass of osmium would have the highest percentage of the abundance. that is osmium 190.
Thus, If 2 isotopes of Osmium existed, Os-190 and Os-191, one would have the highest percent abundance is Os-190.
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how many electrons does it take to fill the mos formed from the combination of the 3s orbitals of two atoms?
The number of electrons it take to fill the mos formed from the combination of the 3s orbitals of two atoms simply is 14 electrons.
How electrons are distributed in the 3s orbitals.The 3s orbital possess two different spherical nodes which is highly connected with the principal quantum number. In order words, it has 2 radial nodes. Also the shape of the 3s orbital is spherical in shape.
That being said, from the context of the above given task, the number of electrons which fill the mos formed from the combination of the 3s orbitals of two atoms is fourteen electrons.
However, the electron configuration of an atom simply is the arrangement of electrons in the electron shell or orbit of the atom of that element.
In conclusion, it can be deduced from above s orbital has a maximum of two electrons and this energy increases as the orbitals increases.
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A sample of 0.195g of potassium was added to 500cm3 of cold water. When the reaction was finished, 100cm3 of 0.100 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid was added to form solution X.
i. Calculate the number of moles of hydroxide ions formed when the potassium was added to water.
ii. Calculate the number of moles of hydrogen ions in 100 cm3 of 0.100 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid.
iii. Write a balanced equation for the neutralization reaction.
iv. Suggest a pH value for solution X. Explain your answer.
The calculations about the neutralization reaction show that;
1) hydroxide ions has a concentration of 0.0025 M
2) The amount of the HCl is 0.01 moles
3) The reaction equation is; [tex]KOH (aq)+ HCl(aq) ----- > H_{2} O (l)+ KCl(aq)[/tex]
4) The pH of the solution is 7.
What is the reaction?We know that the addition of the potassium to the water is going to lead to a reaction that would produce potassium hydroxide as one of the products of the reaction as we can see it; [tex]2K(s) + 2H_{2} O(l) ---- > 2KOH(aq) + H_{2}(g)[/tex]
Number of moles of the potassium used = 0.195g/39 g/mol
= 0.005 moles
Since we produced 0.005 moles of hydroxide ions, the concentration of the hydroxide ions is; 0.005 moles * 500/1000 L = 0.0025 M
ii) Number of moles of the hydrogen ions = Concentration * volume
= 0.1 * 100/1000
= 0.01 moles
The balanced reaction equation of the neutralization reaction is given by;
[tex]KOH (aq)+ HCl(aq) ----- > H_{2} O (l)+ KCl(aq)[/tex]
The pH of the solution ought to be seven.
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(a) how many milliliters of a stock solution of 6.0 m hno3 would you have to use to prepare 110 ml of 0.500 m hno3? (b) if you dilute 10.0 ml of the stock solution to a final volume of 0.250 l, what will be the concentration of the diluted solution? 4.75 a medical lab is testing a new anticancer drug on cancer cells
9.17ml is the volume of stock solution used in dilution.
0.24M is the concentration of the diluted solution.
The dilution formula can be used to solve
c₁v₁=c₂v₂
Here,c₁=concentration of HNO₃ used
v₁=volume of stock solution to be used (unknown)
c₂=concentration of HNO₃ to be prepared
v₂=volume of HNO₃ to be prepared
6.0M x v₁=110ml x 0.500M
v₁= (110ml x 0.500M)/6.0M
v₁= 9.17ml
b)c₁v₁=c₂v₂
c₁=concentration of HNO₃ that is used for diluting
v₁=volume for dilution
c₂=concentration of diluted solution(unknown)
v₂=volume diluted
Putting the values in the formula
6.0M x 10.0ml = c₂ x 250.0ml
=0.24M
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What is the reaction and product of each of the formulas
HCI + NaOH --> H₂O + NaCl
_C3H8 + 502 --> 3CO₂ + 4H₂O
2Li+F2 --> 2LiF
2AgNO3 + CuCl2 --> _Cu(NO3)2 + 2AgCl
Explanation:
1. HCI + NaOH --> H₂O + NaCl is a neutralisation reaction. The product is soluble sodium chloride salt and water.
2. _C3H8 + 502 --> 3CO₂ + 4H₂O is a propane combustion reaction. The product is carbon dioxide gas and water.
4. 2Li+F2 --> 2LiF is a combination reaction. The product is insoluble lithium fluoride solid
5.2AgNO3 + CuCl2 --> _Cu(NO3)2 + 2AgCl is a precipitation reaction. The product is copper(II) nitrate and an insoluble silver chloride salt(precipitate)
which of the following is an example of a chemical change? the melting of gold burning of magnesium evaporation of water
melting of gold, burning of magnesium, and water evaporation.
Is melting a type of chemical transformation?One instance of a physical change is melting. A physical change is when a sample of matter experiences a change in some of its qualities but not in its identity. Water turns into water vapor when it is heated.
Physical changes, such as melting, evaporation, and condensation, are different from those that result in the synthesis of new materials through chemical reactions.
Magnesium reacts with water to produce hydrogen gas, which, when exposed to the intense heat and oxygen present in air, ignites explosively. When it reacts, the heat generated causes the water molecule to shrink and transform into hydrogen gas.
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a binary eutectic system of components a and b has 3 single phase regions (alpha, beta and liquid). which microstructure represents an alloy that is below the solubility limit for component b in the alpha phase?
Microstructure of only alpha will represent an alloy that is below the solubility limit for component b in the alpha phase.
The alpha and beta phases are phases that represent a solid solution of elements A and B. The alpha phase will have a crystal structure like pure A and will contain some B substituting in the crystal lattice. Likewise, beta phases will have an element B crystal structure with A substituting for some B atoms.
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Complete the notation configuration for Neon.
The electronic configuration of an element represent the filling of electrons in various orbitals or subshells. The configuration of the element neon is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶.
What is neon?Neon is 10th element in periodic table. It is a noble gas also called an inert gas since the inert gas group that is group 18 gases are commonly unreactive. The group members are neon, argon, krypton, xenon and radon.
The elements in group 18 have the general electronic configuration for valence electrons ns² np⁶. Therefore, they have a completely filled orbital and attained octet which means they are all highly stable.
Neon have 10 electrons and these electrons are arranged in orbitals in the increasing order of energy levels. Thus its electronic configuration is 1s² 2s² 2p⁶.
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which of the following best summarizes the composition of hydrocarbon molecules in this outcrop of tar sand? choose one: a. small, simple hydrocarbon molecules b. moderate-length chain hydrocarbon molecules c. large, complex chain hydrocarbon molecules
The Correct answer is A) small, simple hydrocarbon molecules the following best summarizes the composition of hydrocarbon molecules in this outcrop of tar sand.
Crude oil, natural gas, and coal all contain hydrocarbons, which are organic molecules made of hydrogen and carbon. Humans have modified them to be utilized as an energy source, such as in the production of gasoline and jet fuel.
The simplest organic molecules, hydrocarbons are composed exclusively of hydrogen and carbon atoms.
Fuel is the most significant application of hydrocarbons. Among the most widely used hydrocarbon fuels include gasoline, natural gas, fuel oil, diesel, jet fuel, coal, kerosene, and propane. Plastics and synthetic fabrics like polyester are made using hydrocarbons as well.
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Determine the number of valence electrons and what the atoms charge will be when it forms an ion
A. O
B. As
C.N
D.AI
E.K
Please leave instructions.
The valence electron on O = 6, As = 5, N = 5, Al = 3, K = 1
Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost shell, or energy level, of an atom. For example, oxygen has six valence electrons, two in the 2s subshell and four in the 2p subshell. We can write the configuration of oxygen's valence electrons as 2s²2p⁴.
Similarly we can see that the outermost orbit in As is 4[tex]s^{2}[/tex]4[tex]p^{3}[/tex] hence it has 5 valence electron and the charge on Arsenic ion is +5.
The outermost orbit in N is 2[tex]s^{2}[/tex]2[tex]p^{3}[/tex] hence it has 5 valence electron and the charge on Nitrogen ion is 3-
The outermost orbit in Al is 3[tex]s^{2}[/tex]3[tex]p^{1}[/tex] hence it has 3 valence electron and the charge on Aluminum ion is 3+
The outermost orbit of K is 4[tex]s^{1}[/tex] hence it has 1 valence electron and the charge on Potassium ion is 1+
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chemicals that are not medicinal but are encountered in the environment or in industrial activity include all of the following, except...
Carbon Dioxide.
A presumptive test called phenolphthalein reacts with the heme molecule found in blood. Pink is produced when a reaction is favorable. While bloodstains typically have a reddish-brown hue, the color of the substrate or the stain's age can have an impact on how visible or noticeable the stain is.
A technique for separating substances or metal complexes based on their relative solubilities in two different immiscible liquids, typically water (polar) and an organic solvent, is known as liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), also known as solvent extraction and partitioning (non-polar).
Precipitin Test confirmation is required for positive results. The serologist must determine whether a stain is actually blood after a presumptive test suggests it might be blood. A precipititin test can detect proteins that are only present in human blood.
The Ouchterlony test compares the responses of a blood sample to particular antibodies to identify if it is human or animal. A sample of the unidentified bloodstain is put in an agar gel well.
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Assume that, at the end of step b, you had only solid product b and water. considering the reactions which took place in steps c, d, and e, which ions are present in the water before the rinsing and decanting in step f?
Assume at the end of step b in “The Copper Cycle” experiment, we had only solid product b and water. Considering the reactions after that, the ions present in the water before the rinsing and decanting are: copper (II) ions and hydroxide ions.
What is the purpose of the copper cycle experiment?The copper cycle experiment aims to perform a series of reactions that regenerate elemental copper at the end of the copper cycle. In this cycle, the reaction series includes single replacement, double replacement, synthesis, and decomposition reactions.
In step b, the ions that exist in the water are copper (II) and hydroxide ions which are stated as: [Cu(H2O)6]2+(aq) + 2OH- --> Cu(OH)2(s) + 6H2O(l).
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14) in the polysaccharide cellulose, large numbers of monosaccharides are linked together through . a) glycosidic linkages b) alpha 1-4 linkages c) beta 1-4 linkages d) both a and c are correct e) all of the above are correct
Option A, In the polysaccharide cellulose, large numbers of monosaccharides are linked together through glycosidic linkages.
The most prevalent carbohydrates in nature are polysaccharides, which have several uses including energy storage and inclusion in plant cell walls. Large polymers known as polysaccharides are created by joining tens to thousands of monosaccharides together via glycosidic connections. Starch, glycogen, and cellulose are the three polysaccharides that are most prevalent. Because each of these three produces only one kind of monosaccharide (glucose) after full hydrolysis, they are collectively known as homopolymers. In addition to monosaccharides, heteropolymers may also contain sugar acids, amino sugars, or noncarbohydrate compounds. Non-reducing carbohydrates known as polysaccharides lack the sweetness and do not mutate.
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why would you not reduce the flame size below its correct setting if the torch flame is too large for the job?
Lowering the flame can result in the tip overheating.
An overheating plasma system will wear out torch parts quickly and eventually may burn out the torch and leads.
What is an oxy-acetylene torch set?
A gas torch that burns a mixture of acetylene and oxygen to produce a high-temperature flame (3,000°C or 5,400°F) that can weld or cut metal.
Can an oxy-acetylene torch explode?
They occur either because the torch tip touched the work or because of insufficient gas pressure. When this happens, the popping sound turns to a whistle as the gases burn back through the tip and torch head. If not stopped, the fire can travel through and damage the torch, and hoses, and explode the cylinder.Thus, lowering the flame's size may result in the tip overheating.
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Use this equation for the next question.
Mg(OH)2 + NaCl ® MgCl₂ + NaOH
How many hydrogen atoms are on the reactant side?
000
1
02
4
8
If the arrow is pointed this way ->, there is only one H atom on the reactant side; however, if it is pointed this way <- , there are two H atoms. The correct option is A.
Where are the hydrogen atoms?The majority of stars and the sun include it, and the giant Jupiter is primarily made of it. Water is where you'll find the most hydrogen on Earth. Less than 1 part per million cubic volume is all that is found of it as a gas in the air.
What of all atoms are hydrogen?According to the Los Alamos, hydrogen makes up more than 90% of all atoms, which is equivalent to three quarters of the universe's mass. Hydrogen is named after the Greek terms hydro for "water" or genes for "forming."
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The complete question is -
Mg(OH)2 + NaCl ® MgCl₂ + NaOH
How many hydrogen atoms are on the reactant side?
A-1
B-2
C-4
D-8
What will you do if a polyatomic ion is included in the ionic formula
The number of ionic compounds grows dramatically
what is polyatomic ion?
A polyatomic ion, also referred as a molecular ion, is a covalently bound set of two or more atoms or a metal complex that behaves as a single unit and has a net charge that is more than zero. Depending on the meaning, the phrase molecule may or may not be used to describe to a polyatomic ion. In Greek, the word poly- means "many," however even ions of two atoms are generally marked as polyatomic.
when polyatomic ions are added. Polyatomic ions are present in the majority of ionic substances. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), which includes the polyatomic anion OH-, calcium carbonate (CaCO3), and ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), which contains two polyatomic ions: NH+ and NO3-, are well-known examples.
The following table contains a list of the more significant polyatomic ions, which may be used as a reference when studying about polyatomic ion charges. A large number of them are oxyanions (polyatomic ions that contain oxygen)
Charge Name Formula
-3 Phosphate PO43-
Arsenate AsO43-
-2 Carbonate CO32-
Peroxide O22-
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what is the net ionic equation for the reaction of solid barium carbonate with an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid?
The net ionic equation for the reaction of solid barium carbonate with an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid is,
BaCO3 (s) + 2H+ (aq) -----> Ba2+ (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g)
What is a net ionic equation?
The net ionic equation is an equation in which the ions which are actively participating in a reaction are present. The ions which do not undergo any change is removed from the equation. So these ions are called as spectator ions.
The overall reaction of solid barium carbonate with an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid can be written as,
BaCO3 (s) + 2HCl (aq) -------> BaCl2 (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g)
Here the spectator ions are chloride (Cl-) ions.
Therefore, the chloride ions are removed from the overall reaction to write the net ionic reaction as,
BaCO3 (s) + 2H+ (aq) ------> Ba2+ (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g)
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