a five part per million standard has a percent transmission on a spectrometer of 34.780. what is the absorbance?

Answers

Answer 1

The absorbance of the sample with 34.780 percent transmittance is 3.54

What is transmittance?

Transmittance is the fraction of the incident light which passes through the sample and comes out successfully. In spectrometer, the detector detects the amount of light coming out of the sample and converts the reading into digital display. Absorbance is the fraction of the light which is being absorbed by the given sample.

The absorbance of the sample is,

A = 2 - log (-% T)

where, A = absorbance, %T = transmittance

A = 2 - log (-34.780) = 2 - (-1.54) = 3.54

Therefore, the absorbance of the sample having 34.780 percentage transmittance is 3.54.

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Related Questions

the compound ccl4 contains question 16 options: a) nonpolar covalent bonds. b) polar covalent bonds, with partial negative charges on the cl atoms. c) ionic bonds. d) polar covalent bonds, with partial negative charges on the c atoms.

Answers

The compound  [tex]CCl_{4}[/tex] contains polar covalent bonds having partial negative charges on the Cl atoms.

So, the correct option is B.

The four polar covalent bonds between carbon and chlorine in carbon tetrachloride ( [tex]CCl_{4}[/tex]) give it its name as a covalent compound. Due to the variation in atoms' values of electronegativity, the bonds in this compound are polar. The molecule is asymmetrical, which means that the opposing opposite forces balance each other out, and as a result, the molecule is not polar.

The four bonds have symmetry and are spread out in four different directions. In each order, the dipole moments are thus canceled out. Tetrachlorocarbon is a non-polar molecule as a result. Although the electronegativities of C and Cl are different, the carbon tetrachloride molecule has no dipole moment.

 

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a binary eutectic system of components a and b has 3 single phase regions (alpha, beta and liquid). which microstructure represents an alloy that is below the solubility limit for component b in the alpha phase?

Answers

Microstructure of only alpha will represent an alloy that is below the solubility limit for component b in the alpha phase.

The alpha and beta phases are phases that represent a solid solution of elements A and B. The alpha phase will have a crystal structure like pure A and will contain some B substituting in the crystal lattice. Likewise,  beta phases will have an element B crystal structure with A substituting for some B atoms.

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calculate the density of a solid substance if a cube measuring 2.02 cm on one side has a mass of 101 g.

Answers

The density of the solid substance if a cube  measuring 2.02cm on one side having a mass of 101g is  12.254g/cm^3.

What is meant by density?

Density can be defined as the relationship between mass of a substance and volume of that substance. Density explains how tightly the atoms in a substance is packed together.

Density of the substance can be calculated by dividing mass by volume of the substance.

Volume of the cube = LxBxH = 2.02cm x 2.02cm x 2.02cm = 8.242 cm^3

Density = mass/volume = 101g/8.242cm^3 = 12.254 g/cm^3

Therefore, the density of the solid substance if a cube  measuring 2.02cm on one side having a mass of 101g is  12.254g/cm^3.

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how many milliliters of a 12% (v/v) propyl alcohol solution would you need to obtain 4.5 ml of propyl alcohol

Answers

38.1 ml of a 12% (v/v) propyl alcohol solution would need 4.5 ml of propyl alcohol.

What purpose does the isopropyl alcohol solution serve?

A transparent liquid known as propyl alcohol is frequently used to destroy germs (antiseptic).When carbon monoxide and hydrogen are used to create methanol (methyl alcohol), normal (n-) propyl alcohol is produced as a byproduct. Fusel oil contains it as well.As a rubbing alcohol antiseptic, isopropyl alcohol is combined with water. Additionally, it's a component of hand lotions, aftershave products, and other cosmetics. It is employed in industry as a low-cost solvent for gums, shellacs, drugs, cosmetics, and denatured ethanol.

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To find the net force on an object:

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Net Force = Mass × Acceleration, or F = m × a.

What is Acceleration?

Acceleration is a change in an object's motion, like when Zeke speeds up on his skateboard. Every time an unbalanced force acts on an object, acceleration happens. Although the mass of the object also influences its acceleration, the acceleration of an object is primarily determined by the net force exerted on it.

Greater acceleration is possible for a given force when the mass of an object is smaller. These interactions are encapsulated by Newton's second law of motion. This rule states that an object's acceleration is equal to the net force exerted on it divided by its mass.

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(a) how many milliliters of a stock solution of 6.0 m hno3 would you have to use to prepare 110 ml of 0.500 m hno3? (b) if you dilute 10.0 ml of the stock solution to a final volume of 0.250 l, what will be the concentration of the diluted solution? 4.75 a medical lab is testing a new anticancer drug on cancer cells

Answers

9.17ml is the volume of stock solution used in dilution.

0.24M is the concentration of the diluted solution.

The dilution formula can be used to solve

c₁v₁=c₂v₂

Here,c₁=concentration of HNO₃ used

v₁=volume of stock solution to be used (unknown)

c₂=concentration of HNO₃ to be prepared

v₂=volume of HNO₃ to be prepared

6.0M x v₁=110ml x 0.500M

v₁= (110ml x 0.500M)/6.0M

v₁= 9.17ml

b)c₁v₁=c₂v₂

c₁=concentration of HNO₃ that is used for diluting

v₁=volume for dilution

c₂=concentration of diluted solution(unknown)

v₂=volume diluted

Putting the values in the formula

6.0M x 10.0ml = c₂ x 250.0ml

=0.24M

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a 25.0 ml sample of a 0.2800 m solution of aqueous trimethylamine is titrated with a 0.3500 m solution of hcl. calculate the ph of the solution after 10.0, 20.0, and 30.0 ml of acid have been added; pkb of (ch3)3n

Answers

pH after adding 10.0 ml of acid = 9.81, pH after adding 20.0 ml of acid = 5.31.pH after adding 30.0 ml of acid = 1.20

In chemistry, the pH scale is used to define the acidity or alkalinity of an aqueous solution. Historically, pH stood for "hydrogen potential". The pH values ​​of acidic solutions are usually lower than those of basic or alkaline solutions.

An acid (acid catalysis) is any substance that tastes unpleasant in aqueous solution, turns blue litmus paper red, reacts with some metals to release hydrogen, combines with bases to form salts, and stimulates chemical processes. A Brnsted-Lowry acid or Lewis acid is a molecule or ion that has the ability to donate a proton or form a covalent bond with an electron pair. Proton donors, also known as Brnsted-Lowry acids, are the first class of acids.

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Which of these is NOT a neutralisation reaction?

Answers

Answer:

Magnesium + hydrochloric acid → magnesium chloride + hydrogen

why? because the product of a neutralization reaction are always a salt and water. This reaction is the only one which does not have water as a product, so it is not neutralization.

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chemicals that are not medicinal but are encountered in the environment or in industrial activity include all of the following, except...

Answers

Carbon Dioxide.

A presumptive test called phenolphthalein reacts with the heme molecule found in blood. Pink is produced when a reaction is favorable. While bloodstains typically have a reddish-brown hue, the color of the substrate or the stain's age can have an impact on how visible or noticeable the stain is.

A technique for separating substances or metal complexes based on their relative solubilities in two different immiscible liquids, typically water (polar) and an organic solvent, is known as liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), also known as solvent extraction and partitioning (non-polar).

Precipitin Test confirmation is required for positive results. The serologist must determine whether a stain is actually blood after a presumptive test suggests it might be blood. A precipititin test can detect proteins that are only present in human blood.

The Ouchterlony test compares the responses of a blood sample to particular antibodies to identify if it is human or animal. A sample of the unidentified bloodstain is put in an agar gel well.

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a certain aqueous solution boils at 375.60 k (at 1 atm). at what temperature does the same solution freeze?

Answers

The aqueous solution here would freeze at -9.163 degree celsius.

The temperature at which it boils is 375.60 K. This gets converted into Celsius = 102.45-degree Celsius (i)

The standard temperature of boiling is = 100 degree Celsius (ii)

The standard temperature of freezing is = 0 degrees celsius (iii)

We know the formula -  

Depression in cooling/ Elevation in boiling = [tex]K_{b}[/tex] / [tex]K_{f}[/tex] (iv)

The standard values for both Ks are 0.5 and 1.87 respectively. (v)

Using the given values of (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), and (v), we find that -

= (102.45 - 100.00) / (0 - x) = 0.5 / 1.87

x, here is the temperature for freezing.

= Temperature at which it freezes = - 9.163 degree Celsius.

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what is the iupac name for the compound shown? a six carbon ring with an oxygen atom double bonded to one of the carbon atoms in the ring.

Answers

cyclohexanone is the compound which is shown.

what is cyclohexanone-

The chemical substance known as cyclohexanone has the formula (CH2)5CO. The compound is a six-carbon cyclic molecule with a functional group called a ketone.

IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) nomenclature is based on the naming of a molecule's longest chain of carbons connected by single bonds, whether in a continuous chain or in a ring.

six-carbon ring with oxygen bonded to one of the carbon atoms in the ring is cyclohexanone.

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what volume (in ml) of 1.508 m h3po4 (aq) would be required to react completely with 11.73 ml of 1.006 m ca(oh)2? (aq) aleks

Answers

The volume required is 4.86 ml that would be required to react completely with 11.73 ml of 1.006 m ca(oh)2.

This can be calculated using:

3Ca(OH)2 (aq) + 2H3PO4 (aq) ---> Ca3(PO4)2 (s) + 6H2O (l)

moles of Ca(OH)2 present: 11.00 moles

moles of H3PO4 needed: 7.33 moles

volume (mls) of H3PO4 needed: 7.33/1.508 = 4.86

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Calculate the mass of silver deposited when a current of 3 ampere is passed through a solution of silver salt for 50 minutes

Answers

The mass of silver deposited in the electrode when a current of 3 ampere passes in 50 minutes is 6.71 g.

What is electrolysis?

Electrolysis is the process of passing current through an electrolyte solution and results in the redox process where the reduced metal is deposited in the cathode.

The mass deposited w of a metal in electrolysis is can be calculated using the equation w = zit where, the z is the equivalent mass and t be the time I is the current passed.

The equivalent mass of Ag is 108 g. for one ampere the charge q will be 96500 C. Now,

w = 108 × 3 × ( 50 × 60 seconds) /96500 = 6.71 g.

Hence, the mass of silver deposited is 6.71 g.

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Assume that, at the end of step b, you had only solid product b and water. considering the reactions which took place in steps c, d, and e, which ions are present in the water before the rinsing and decanting in step f?

Answers

Assume at the end of step b in “The Copper Cycle” experiment, we had only solid product b and water. Considering the reactions after that, the ions present in the water before the rinsing and decanting are: copper (II) ions and hydroxide ions.

What is the purpose of the copper cycle experiment?

The copper cycle experiment aims to perform a series of reactions that regenerate elemental copper at the end of the copper cycle. In this cycle, the reaction series includes single replacement, double replacement, synthesis, and decomposition reactions.

In step b, the ions that exist in the water are copper (II) and hydroxide ions which are stated as: [Cu(H2O)6]2+(aq) + 2OH- --> Cu(OH)2(s) + 6H2O(l).

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why would you not reduce the flame size below its correct setting if the torch flame is too large for the job?

Answers

Lowering the flame can result in the tip overheating.

An overheating plasma system will wear out torch parts quickly and eventually may burn out the torch and leads.

What is an oxy-acetylene torch set?

A gas torch that burns a mixture of acetylene and oxygen to produce a high-temperature flame (3,000°C or 5,400°F) that can weld or cut metal.

Can an oxy-acetylene torch explode?

They occur either because the torch tip touched the work or because of insufficient gas pressure. When this happens, the popping sound turns to a whistle as the gases burn back through the tip and torch head. If not stopped, the fire can travel through and damage the torch, and hoses, and explode the cylinder.

Thus, lowering the flame's size may result in the tip overheating.

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a sample of he gas has a volume of 322 ml and a pressure of 0.9 atm. what will be the pressure, in atm, if the sample of helium is compressed to 125 ml?

Answers

The pressure, in atm, if the sample of helium is compressed to 125 ml is 2.32 atm

An ideal gas is a theoretical gas composed of many randomly transferring factor particles that aren't difficult to interparticle interactions. the best gasoline idea is beneficial because it obeys the precise gas law, a simplified equation of country, and is amenable to evaluation under statistical mechanics.

Volume is a degree of occupied three-dimensional space. it's far more frequently quantified numerically the usage of SI-derived gadgets or by way of diverse imperial gadgets. The definition of length is interrelated with the extent.

Using the ideal gas equation:-

At constant temperature

Given;

P₁ = 0.9 atm

V₁ = 322 ml = 0.322 L

P₂ = ?

V₂ = 125 ml = 0.125 L

P₁V₁ =P₂V₂

P₂ = P₁V₁ /V₂

    = 0.9 × 0.322 /0.125

    = 2.32 atm

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What type of reaction occurs when the oxidation numbers of two or more atoms change?.

Answers

The type of reaction which occurs when the oxidation numbers of 2 or more atoms change is an oxidation-reduction{redox} reaction.

A redox (redox) reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which electrons are transferred between two species redox reaction is a chemical reaction in which the oxidation number of a molecule, atom, or ion changes by gaining or losing an electron.

There  are 2 classes of redox reactions  which are:

electron transfer where electrons flow from the reducing agent  to the oxidant

atom transfer atom transfers an atom from one substrate to another

There are different types of redox reactions which are:

decomposition reaction combination reactiondisplacement reaction disproportionation reactions.

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A sample of 0.195g of potassium was added to 500cm3 of cold water. When the reaction was finished, 100cm3 of 0.100 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid was added to form solution X.

i. Calculate the number of moles of hydroxide ions formed when the potassium was added to water.
ii. Calculate the number of moles of hydrogen ions in 100 cm3 of 0.100 mol/dm3 hydrochloric acid.
iii. Write a balanced equation for the neutralization reaction.
iv. Suggest a pH value for solution X. Explain your answer.

Answers

The calculations about the neutralization reaction show that;

1) hydroxide ions has a concentration of  0.0025 M

2) The amount of the HCl is 0.01 moles

3) The reaction equation is; [tex]KOH (aq)+ HCl(aq) ----- > H_{2} O (l)+ KCl(aq)[/tex]

4) The pH of the solution is 7.

What is the reaction?

We know that the addition of the potassium to the water is going to lead to a reaction that would produce potassium hydroxide as one of the products of the reaction as we can see it; [tex]2K(s) + 2H_{2} O(l) ---- > 2KOH(aq) + H_{2}(g)[/tex]

Number of moles of the potassium used =  0.195g/39 g/mol

= 0.005 moles

Since we produced 0.005 moles of hydroxide ions, the concentration of the hydroxide ions is; 0.005 moles * 500/1000 L = 0.0025 M

ii) Number of moles of the hydrogen ions =  Concentration * volume

= 0.1 * 100/1000

= 0.01 moles

The balanced reaction equation of the neutralization reaction is given by;

[tex]KOH (aq)+ HCl(aq) ----- > H_{2} O (l)+ KCl(aq)[/tex]

The pH of the solution ought to be seven.

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Suppose a man is sitting on a chair and exerting 100 N of force downward, while a spring beneath the chair exerts 150 N of force upward. If you assign a negative value to the downward force, what is the net force of this system? (1 point) O 50 kg O 50 N O 250 N -50 N​

Answers

A man is sitting on a chair and exerting 100 N of force downward, while a spring beneath the chair exerts 150 N of force upward. The net force acting on the system is in the upward direction with a magnitude of 50N.

Force is the product of mass and acceleration which is dependent on the rate of change of momentum.

According to the given question,

Magnitude of force in the downward direction = 100N

Downward force = 100N

Magnitude of force in the upward direction = 150N

Upward force = -150N

Net force on the system = Upward force + Downward force

Net force on the system = -150N + 100N

Net force on the system = -50N

Hence, the net force acting on the system is in the upward direction with a magnitude of 50N.

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Answer: 50N

Explanation:

what is the net ionic equation for the reaction of solid barium carbonate with an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid?

Answers

The net ionic equation for the reaction of solid barium carbonate with an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid is,

BaCO3 (s) + 2H+ (aq) -----> Ba2+ (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g)

What is a net ionic equation?

The net ionic equation is an equation in which the ions which are actively participating in a reaction are present. The ions which do not undergo any change is removed from the equation. So these ions are called as spectator ions.

The overall reaction of solid barium carbonate with an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid can be written as,

BaCO3 (s) + 2HCl (aq) -------> BaCl2 (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g)

Here the spectator ions are chloride (Cl-) ions.

Therefore, the chloride ions are removed from the overall reaction to write the net ionic reaction as,

BaCO3 (s) + 2H+ (aq) ------> Ba2+ (aq) + H2O (l) + CO2 (g)

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work is entropy free, and sometimes the claim is made that work will not change the entropy of a fluid passing through an adiabatic steady-flow system with a single inlet and outlet. is this a valid claim?

Answers

Work is entropy free and it does transfer entropy but the claim is not valid, the entropy of a fluid passing through an adiabatic steady state system with a single outlet and inlet can change due to irreversibilities present in the system during the process.

What is entropy?

Entropy is a measure of the disorder of a system.Entropy also describes how much energy is not available to do work.The more disordered a system and the higher the entropy, the less of a system's energy is available to do work.

Why doesn't entropy change when there is a work transfer?

We have two grades of energy i.e high-grade energy and low-grade energy. High-grade energy is directly utilized by us like potential energy and kinetic energy. On the other hand, low-grade energy can't be utilized by us directly, it is first converted into high-grade energy eg- heat.According to the second law of thermodynamics low-grade energy can't be completely converted into high-grade energy, there is always some loss associated with it. But high-grade energy can be completely converted into low-grade energy.

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30 points A 4-column table with 3 rows. The first column titled compound has entries A, B, C. The second column titled melting point (degrees C) with entries negative 183, 660, 772. The third column titled boiling point (degrees C) has entries negative 164, 2467, 1600. The fourth column titled conducts electricity has entries no, yes, yes.
Which compound is most likely a covalent compound?

Answers

The compound that is covalent is the compound A.

Which one is a covalent compound?

We know that the forces that holds the molecules of an ionic substance together is so strong that the ionic substances are known to have a high melting and a high boiling point. Thus, it is already clear that the compounds B and C are both ionic because they are highly conducting and they also have a high melting and boiling point.

The compound A has a low melting and boiling point and also does not conduct electricity. This goes to tell us that A is a covalent compound.

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Answer:

compound A

Explanation:

edge 2023

TRUE OR FALSE: As the reaction proceeds toward equilibrium, the concentrations of H2 and I2 gradually INcrease, while the concentration of HI gradually DEcreases

Answers

False. As the reaction proceeds toward equilibrium, the concentrations of [tex]H_2[/tex] and [tex]I_2[/tex] gradually decrease, while the concentration of HI gradually increases.

What is equilibrium in chemical reactions?

In a chemical reaction, an equilibrium is reached when a reaction that proceeds in both ways has both forward and backward reactions at an equal rate.

For example, consider the reaction below:

A + B <---> C + D

At equilibrium, the rate of formation of A and B will be equal to the rate of formation of C and D.

Now, let us apply this to the reaction:

[tex]H_2 + I_2 < --- > 2HI[/tex]

Since the reactants are  [tex]H_2[/tex] and [tex]I_2[/tex], initially, their concentrations will decrease while the concentration of the product, HI will increase. This will continue until the reaction reaches an equilibrium.

Thus, that the concentrations of  [tex]H_2[/tex] and [tex]I_2[/tex] will gradually increase while the concentration of HI will gradually decrease as the reaction approaches an equilibrium is false.

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You are making a glass of Kool-Aid. You put 2 tablespoons of sugar, stir it until all the sugar is dissolved and then taste it. You realize it is not sweet enough so you add 10 more tablespoons of sugar and stir it. You notice that there are still solids in the glass. Do these solids indicate that a chemical reaction occurred?

Yes because you saw solids form and the color change, which indicates a chemical reaction.

No because the solids are not a new substance.

Yes because the solids are a new substance that formed between the Kool-Aid and water.

No because a chemical reaction has to show a change in denisty.

Answers

Yes because the solids are a new substance that formed between the Kool-Aid and water.

The solids are a new substance which indicate that a new substance is formed between the Kool-Aid and water as the chemical reaction has occurred between these two substances.

What is a chemical reaction?

Chemical reaction is defined as a reaction which occur when a substance combines with another substance to form a new substance.Alternatively, when a substance breaks down or decomposes to give new substances it is also considered to be a chemical reaction.

There are several characteristics of chemical reactions like change in color, change in state , change in odor and change in composition . During chemical reaction there is also formation of precipitate an insoluble mass of substance or even evolution of gases.

There are three types of chemical reactions:

1) inorganic reactions

2)organic reactions

3) biochemical reactions

During chemical reactions atoms are rearranged and reactions are accompanied by an energy change as new substances are formed.

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what is the empirical formula of a compound containing c, h, and o if combustion of a 0.500-g sample of the compound produces 0.955 g co2 and 0.587 g of h2o? (put a number in every blank, even if it is a 0 or 1.)

Answers

The empirical formula of a compound containing c, h, and o is C₂H₆O₁.

In chemistry, the empirical formula represents the simple whole-number ratio of the atoms which are present in the compound. The initial step is to calculate and determine the masses. The next step which follows is to calculate the number of moles by dividing the grams by the atomic mass. Next, the number of moles is divided by each element by the smallest number of moles. Finally, we convert numbers to whole numbers since we don't represent empirical formulas in decimals.

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Without stratospheric ozone (o3), harmful solar radiation would cause gene alterations. ozone forms when the bond in o2 breaks and each o atom reacts with another o2 molecule. it is destroyed by reaction with cl atoms formed when the c―cl bond in synthetic chemicals breaks. find the wavelengths of light that can break the c―cl bond and the bond in o2. give your answers in scientific notation.

Answers

The wavelengths of light that can break the Cl-Cl bond and the bond in O₂ will be λ = 3.53 × 10⁻⁷ m and λ =2.4 × 10⁻⁷ m respectively.

Cl-Cl- Bond energy (E)= 339 KJ/mol

O=O Bond energy (E)= 498 KJ/mol

h = 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J.s

c = 3 × 10⁸ m/s

N = 6.02214076 × 10²³

For Cl-Cl bond

  We will use the following formulae

     λ = Nhc/E (for one mol photons)

  Put the values

λ = [(6.02214076 × 10²³ p/mol)(6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J.s)(3 × 10⁸ m/s) / (339 × 10³ J/mol)] × 1 nm / 10⁻⁹ m

    λ = 353 nm

    λ = 3.53 × 10⁻⁷ m

For O=O bond

  We will use the following formulae

     λ = Nhc/E (for one mol photons)

  Put the values

λ = [(6.02214076 × 10²³ p/mol)(6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J.s)(3 × 10⁸ m/s) / (498 × 10³ J/mol)] × 1 nm / 10⁻⁹ m

    λ = 240 nm

    λ = 2.40 × 10⁻⁷ m

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which of the following is an example of a chemical change? the melting of gold burning of magnesium evaporation of water

Answers

melting of gold, burning of magnesium, and water evaporation.

Is melting a type of chemical transformation?

One instance of a physical change is melting. A physical change is when a sample of matter experiences a change in some of its qualities but not in its identity. Water turns into water vapor when it is heated.

Physical changes, such as melting, evaporation, and condensation, are different from those that result in the synthesis of new materials through chemical reactions.

Magnesium reacts with water to produce hydrogen gas, which, when exposed to the intense heat and oxygen present in air, ignites explosively. When it reacts, the heat generated causes the water molecule to shrink and transform into hydrogen gas.

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PLEASE ANSWER FAST
In an ionic bond between 2 sodium atoms and an oxygen atom, what resulting charge would each atom have?

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

Ionic bonds form between two or more atoms by the transfer of one or more electrons between atoms. Electron transfer produces negative ions called anions and positive ions called cations. These ions attract each other.

Explanation: An ionic bond is formed because sodium is a part of the Alkali metals and Oxygen is a non-metal and a gas. 4Na + O2 → 2Na2O (s) OR Na + O2 → NaO2 (s).

Answer:

Explanation:

Ionic bonds form between two or more atoms by the transfer of one or more electrons between atoms. Electron transfer produces negative ions called anions and positive ions called cations. These ions attract each other.

find the solubility product constant for lead (ii) iodide if the concentration of i- is found to be 1.25x10-3 m when the solution is saturated.

Answers

The concentration of I- is found to be 1.25 x 10^-3 M when this solution is saturated. The solubility product constant for lead (II) iodide is: Ksp = 1,95 x 10^-9.

How to calculate the solubility product constant?

The balanced chemical equation of lead (II) iodide is:

PbI2(aq) <=> Pb2+(aq) + 2I-(aq)

   s                     s               2s

We can only include the ions from gas and aqueous phases in the equilibrium equation. Hence, the solubility product constant (Ksp) of this reaction is:

Ksp = [Pb2+][I-]^2

Ksp = s(s)^2

Ksp = s^3

If the concentration of I- is 1.25 x 10^-3:

Ksp = s^3

Ksp = 1.25 x 10^-3 (1.25 x 10^-3)^2

Ksp = 1.25 x 10^-3 (1,56 X 10^-6)

Ksp = 1,95 x 10^-9

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silicon nitride (si3n4) is made by a combining si and nitrogen gas (n2) at a high temperature. how much (in g) si is needed to react with an excess of nitrogen gas to prepare 125 g of silicon nitride if the percent yield of the reaction is 95.0%?

Answers

The amount of Si needed to react with an excess of nitrogen gas to prepare 125g of silicon nitride if the percent yield of the reaction is 95% is 88.20 g.

We know that,

Percentage (%) yield = ( actual yield /theoretical yield ) × 100

Using this we can derive that,

Theoretical yield = (Actual yield / Percentage(%) yield) × 100

= (125 / 85) × 100 = 147.06g Si₃N₄

The mole ratio of Si: Si₃N₄ = 3 :1

Grams of Si required to produce 147.06 g  Si₃N₄,

= ( 3 mole Si /1 mol Si₃N₄) ( 28.05 g Si /1 mole Si) * (1 mole Si₃N₄, /140.3 g Si₃N₄,) *147.06 g Si₃N₄

=  88.20 g Si

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