Answer:
it spreads through polluted water.
Explanation:
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Cholera is a water-borne disease spread through polluted and stagnant water bodies. It is caused by a bacteria named Vibrio cholerae by the help of the vector 'Water'.
Hence it is advised to consume boiled and purified water, clean the nearby water bodies and not letting them go stagnant. Always preferred: Hygiene and Sanitation.
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Yellowfin tuna are large fish that are found in tropical and subtropical waters around the world. They typically school under objects such as boats or patches of driftwood for protection from predators. Schooling under these structures also provides yellowfish tuna with easy access to a good source, such as smaller herbivorous fish that may be searching for food around the structure. Which trophic level in an energy pyramid do yellowfin tuna fill?
Secondary consumer is the trophic level that yellowfin tuna fill.
Secondary consumer is the trophic level that yellowfin tuna fill. The zooplankton is the primary consumer whereas the Herring fish is the secondary consumer. Then we have the tuna fish which eats the Herring fish.
What are secondary consumers?Secondary consumers are mostly formed of carnivores that graze on the primary consumers or herbivores.
Other fellows of this set are omnivores that not only feed on primary consumers but also on producers or autotrophs.
Thus, The zooplankton is the primary consumer whereas the Herring fish is the secondary consumer.
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Differentiate between:
2. Silk moth and honey bee
Answer:
Explanation:
silk moth:
the larvae of a silk moth secrete the silk thread which is used to make clothes.
honey bee:
honey bees make and store honey which is a nutritious food.
silk moth:
its silk is used for making clothes
honey bee:
it can be taken as a food or medicine.
:)
What is the independent variable in the experiment conducted to determine the effects of the herbicide ZWD10 on corn growth?
Answer:
herbicide ZWD10
Explanation:
Independent variable in an experiment are defined as the variable that can be changed or controlled as per the requirement of the experiment to determine its effect on the dependent variable.
In the given experiment, herbicide ZWD10 is an independent variable as it's quantity in experiment can be changed or controlled and we are looking for its effect on corn growth which is a dependent variable.
Hence, the correct answer is herbicide ZWD10.
The human mitochondrial genome is a linear chromosome of 16569 base pairs. encodes 37 genes, 13 of which code for polypeptide chains. is inherited in two copies per mitochondrion, one of paternal lineage and the other of maternal lineage. is less susceptible to DNA damage than is the nuclear DNA.
Answer:
The human mitochondrial DNA is inherited by matrilineal inheritance and it is more sensitive to damage than nuclear DNA.
Explanation:
The mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a DNA molecule localized in the mitochondria (i.e., independent from the nucleus). The mtDNA is more prone to suffer mutations than nuclear DNA due to 1-higher damage produced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and 2- the absence of nuclear DNA repair pathways. The mtDNA is generally inherited from the mother (both in plants and animals), it is for that reason that mitochondrial genes are powerful molecular markers used in phylogeographic studies to trace the evolutionary origin of a given species/population.
Which of the following is an open
circuit?
A. An open circuit is a closed loop for electrons
to follow.
B. An open circuit has an incomplete path for
electrons to follow.
C. An open circuit allows electrons to flow.
D. An open circuit is when a circuit is "on".
Answer:
B
Explanation:
Open circuit means it is not complete so electricity cannot pass through all the wires
*simple terms
In high-elevation forests in Pennsylvania, ecologists have
noticed a serious decline in certain tree species. Some scientists
propose that increased soil acidity might be the cause. What's this
phenomenon?
Answer:
Explanation:
Acid rain , which is caused by SO 2 from combination mixed with atmosphere water vapor
The phenomenon that causes the soil acidity to increase could be the leaching of soil nutrients or acid rain.
What is acid rain?The term, acid rain has to do with the fact that certain gases are able to combine with water in the atmosphere to form acids thereby reducing the pH of precipitation.
Hence, the phenomenon that causes the soil acidity to increase could be the leaching of soil nutrients or acid rain.
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The phenomenon responsible for the maintenance of a column of water as it moves upward through a vessel is _____.
Answer:
Explanation:
Cohesion is the staying together of molecules for other molecules of the same kind to attracts.
Water is a good example of a molecules that have a strong cohesive forces this is because of their ability to form hydrogen bonds with one another.
Cohesion is responsible for transport of water as they move through a vessel. In the xylem tissue of plant the active movements of water from root to stem and leaves is enable by the action of cohesion through a pressure created in the plant that enables the water to be forced up to every part of the plant to enhance growth.
Cohesive forces are also responsible for the tendency of a liquid’s surface to resist rupture when placed under tension or stress.
This activity asks you to consider various methods of counting or estimating the size of bacterial populations and to select the method that will provide the most accurate data for plotting a bacterial growth curve. Which of the following methods would be most appropriate for gathering data to plot a bacterial growth curve throughout the four phases?
a) electronic cell counter
b) plate count
c) Any of these methods will provide reliable data for plotting a growth curve.
d) indirect estimate based on turbidity
e) direct microscopic count
Answer:
b) plate count
Explanation:
Based on this scenario, the best method for this would be a plate count. This method is used to determine the degree of bacterial contamination of a specific sample that has been made by enumeration after a period of incubation of the colonies appearing in a plate that has been inoculated with a suitable dilution of the sample. This constant count allows you to easily plot the growth curve of the bacteria throughout the phases.
How has the earth changed over time?
Answer
La historia de la Tierra no ha sido una evolución gradual desde que nació hace más de 4.500 millones de años, como una bola incandescente, hasta el actual planeta azul lleno de una vida compleja y diversa.
Populations of coastal lodgepole pine are separated along an environmental gradient of soil pH that changes from neutral pH near the shoreline to extremely acidic pH approximately 8 km away from the shore. Populations of lodgepole pine inhabiting the ends of this environmental gradient (i.e. neutral pH versus extremely acidic pH soils) have diverged in a number of phenotypic characters, as well as cannot interbreed. What model of speciation is this pattern consistent with?
Answer:
Parapatric speciation
Explanation:
There are different types of speciation. Parapatric speciation consists of new species evolving from a continuous distribution. That is, there is no physical barrier that might impede the gene flow, in fact, it might continue during the speciation process.
There is an environmental gradient that determines different phenotypes for different environmental conditions. One phenotype is more adapted to one of the distribution extremes than the other phenotype. In the exposed case, the environmental gradient is given by the differences in pH.
In the border between the environmental extremes, there is the primary hybrid zone, where both phenotypic forms might meet and hybridize.
According to the mantle plume theory what causes hot spots?
Answer:
According to the mantle plume theory, Plumes are proposed to ascend through the mantle and start to incompletely dissolve on arriving at shallow profundities in the asthenosphere by loose melting.
It leads to enormous volumes of volcanic eruption. The plumes hypothesis suggested that this dissolved magma ascends to the surface and emits to shape "hot spot". the plume head liquefies partially on arriving at shallow profundities, a plume is frequently invoked as the reason for the hotspots at particular region, for example, Hawaii or Iceland.
includes all descendants from a single common ancestor. does not share any common ancestry but represents convergent evolution. includes some but not all descendants from a single common ancestor. All of these options are qualities that define
Answer:
Phylogenetic relationships
1. includes all descendants from a single common ancestor >>> monophyletic group
2. does not share any common ancestry but represents convergent evolution >>> polyphyletic group
3. includes some but not all descendants from a single common ancestor >>> paraphyletic group
Explanation:
A monophyletic taxon is a collection of organisms that have the same most recent common ancestor, thereby including an ancestor and all its descendants. Examples of monophyletic groups are angiosperms, mammals, insects, etc. A paraphyletic group is composed of some (but not all) the descendants of the most recent common ancestor. An example of a paraphyletic group includes fish and lizards. Finally, a polyphyletic taxon is composed of a group of organisms that do not contain the common ancestor of all the members of the group. An example of a polyphyletic group is composed of birds and mammals, (which constitutes a group of warm-blooded animals).
Three students attempt to define what a circle is. Can you match the teacher's comments to the definitions?
This question is incomplete, the complete part of the question containing the students definition and teacher's comment is:
Ruby's definiton: A 3-dimensional shape whose boundary consists of all points equidistant from a fixed point (the center).
Shriya's definition: The set of all points in a 2D plane such that for every point in the set there is exactly one other point in the set that is d (call it diameter) units away.
Abhishek's definition: The set of all points in a plane that are the same distance (radius) away from some given point (center).
Teacher's comments:
Are you thinking of a sphere?
You are correct. Nicely done!
This is incorrect. For example, your definition also allows for the following shape, which is just part of a circle.
THE ANSWERS ARE:
Ruby's definiton: Are you thinking of a sphere?
Shriya's definition: This is incorrect. For example, your definition also allows for the following shape, which is just part of a circle.
Abhishek's definition: You are correct. Nicely done!
Explanation:
A circle is a two-dimensional round plane shape (2D shape) whose boundary line called the circumference has several points that are of the same distance (radius) from the centre point of the shape.
Based on this definition of a circle, the answers given by each students will now be reviewed.
1). Ruby's definiton: This definition is wrong because a circle is not a 3D shape. The definition is describing more of a SPHERE, which is a 3D round shape in a space. Hence, the teachers comment will appropriately be; Are you thinking of a sphere?
2.) Shriya's definition: This definition is wrong because it is not describing a circle, rather it is describing a part of a circle (diameter). Hence, the teachers comment appropriate for this answer is: This is incorrect. For example, your definition also allows for the following shape, which is just part of a circle
3). Abhishek's definition: This definition correctly describes a circle, hence, the teacher's comment will be: You are correct. Nicely done!
Answer:
Definition of a line segment
Ruby's definition: Two points, call them end points, and all of the other points in a straight line between them.
Wunderbar! Well done.
Shriya's definition: A line between two points.
Your definition is kind of correct, but it lacks mathematical precision.
Abhishek's definition: All of the points equidistant from some point
Were you thinking of a circle or perhaps a sphere?
Explanation:
Which of the following statements could not be supported or rejected by a
scientific experiment?
A) The first living cell on Earth came from outer space
B) College students think football is more fun to watch than baseball.
C) Grass is green because it contains chlorophyll
Answer:
A
Explanation:
B can be supported with surveying people,
C can be supported by inspecting Grass under a microscope
Statement (A), The first living cell on earth came from outer space and was not supported or rejected by scientific experiments.
Scientific experiment:
Scientific experiments are performed by scientists to study various studies. The first statement that the first living cell on earth came from outer space was cannot be answered. Because according to some studies it was found that the first living organism came from the earth only.
Some studies found that the first living organism came outside earth. The first statement was not supported or rejected by scientists.
The second statement college students think football is more fun to watch than basketball was performed by using some surveys. The grass is green because it contains chlorophyll is also supported by scientists.
Therefore, statement (A) The first living cell on earth came from outer space and was not supported or rejected by scientific experiments.
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what is the optimal ph that this enzyme functions at ?
9. A student is studying tiny organisms in pond water. How could she better observe critical details to
distinguish among the different organisms?
Smell the sample of pond water
Study a drop of the pond water under a microscope
Rub a few drops of the pond water between her fingers
Look closely at a test tube filled with the pond water
Save
Answer:
Study it under a microscope!
Explanation:
Any organisms in the pond water are more than likely very, very small! Microscopic, even;)
Which of the following is an example of the letter "o" in a SOAP note?
The blood pressure is 160/90 mm Hg
Will order prescription refill for blood pressure medication
The patient complains of high blood pressure
The patient should return in 2 weeks
That which is an example of the letter "o" in a SOAP note is this: The patient complains of high blood pressure.
What is the meaning of the letter O?In an objective report, the letter O stands for objective observations that the caregiver makes with respect to the patient. For instance, when the caregiver observes that the patient has a blood pressure reading that seems quite high, then they are making observations.
The O stands for both the observations being made and the objectivity they come with.
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An organism is able to maintain biological balance through a system of feedback and other control ____________ .
Answer: Not positive but I'm pretty sure its Homeostasis
Explanation:
Which measuring tool should be used to measure the diameter of a soda can? A. graduated cylinder B. spring scale C. metric ruler D. stopwatch
Answer:
c. metric ruler (you're welcome!)
Metric ruler tool should be used as the unit of measurement the diameter of a soda can. Thus option C is correct.
What are the unit of measurement ?It is an act of measuring the length of objects with some specific units and it can be standard or non-standard.
Some measuring tools like a ruler, measuring tape are used to measure the length.
The height of students can be measured using a feet scale. Some of the units of length are inches, centimeters, meters, feet, etc
Steps followed to measure length are In step 1, the unit will be chosen to measure length, in Step 2 the object will be placed beside the ruler starting from point 0 on it.
In Step 3 endpoint will be marked by value. The units of length measurement are two types such as Standard and non-standard units of measuring length.
Thus option C is correct.
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How can a mother with the B blood type, having A antibodies in her plasma, carry a baby full-term that inherits the A blood type from his father
Answer:
The mother can carry a full-term baby with A blood type because the mother's blood does not mix with the baby's blood, so the mother's immune system does not activate attacking the baby.
Explanation:
The reason why a mother with B blood type and A antibodies in her system can carry a full-term pregnancy is thanks to the placenta. The placenta is a shared organ between the mother and the baby. Its function is to protect the baby and produce the necessary exchanges of nutrients and wastes between the maternal blood and the baby's blood. As the two types of blood are separated, and they never get in contact during pregnancy, the immune system of the mother does not recognize the baby as a treat. The mother can have A antibodies in her plasma due to a previous pregnancy where during delivery, the two types of blood mixed, also it can be due to any contact with the A blood type. When the foreign blood enters the body, the immune system forms antibodies for it.
Using the drop-down menus, label the parts of an
amino acid.
Label A - R group, Carboxyl group, Amino group.
Label B - R group, Carboxyl group, Amino group.
Label C - R group, Carboxyl group, Amino group.
Answer:
Label A: amino group
Label B: R group
Label C: carboxyl group
Explanation:
A difficulty in fossil comparisons is that the fossil may be from: a large plant or animal an old plant or animal an extinct plant or animal
Answer:
an extinct plant or animal
Explanation:
Fossils of an animal or plant refers to its preserved or mineralized remains. Fossils have proven to be an integral part of tracing life back. Among the very many usefulness of keeping fossil records of plant and animals, one of them is discovering the evolutionary relationships between these organisms.
Fossils of plants or animals are compared with that of a present organism to discover how related they are. However, a difficulty that arises during this comparative procedure is that the fossils about to be compared may be from an extinct plant or animal.
Answer:
an extinct plant or animal
Use the drop-down menus to identify each type of galaxy pictured.
Answer:
A- Elliptical
B-Irregular
C- Spiral
What ions are formed when sodium chloride is dissolved in water
List examples that illustrate how the structure of a body part makes possible its
function.
When a substance or large molecule is enclosed by a membrane in a vesicle within the cell, the membrane of the vesicle fuses with the cell membrane and releases the substance out into the cell's surroundings. This is: A exocytosis B endocytosis C facilitated diffusion D osmosis
Answer:
A
Explanation:
The correct answer would be exocytosis.
Exocytosis is a form of active transport in living cells involving the movement of materials from the inner part of the cell to the outside of the cell. The process is said to be active because it involves the expedition of energy in the form of ATP.
During exocytosis, vesicles housing molecules from the inner part of the cell are transported to and fuse with the cell membrane. The vesicles then expel their contents to the outer part of the cell.
Correct option: A
is water alive? Why or why not
Answer:
Neither alive nor dead. Water is non living. We talk about alive or dead only when it comes to living organisms. Living organisms are made of one or more cells and these cells are responsible for their living nature.
Explanation:
No, water is not alive because it does not possess the characteristics of life such as cellular organization, metabolism, growth, reproduction, response to stimuli, and adaptation.
Water is a fundamental substance necessary for life, but it is not considered a living organism. Living organisms are characterized by several key attributes, including the ability to perform cellular functions, respond to stimuli, grow, reproduce, and adapt to their environment. Water, on the other hand, lacks these essential characteristics.
Water is a chemical compound composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom (H₂O). It does not have cells or a cellular structure, and it does not exhibit metabolic processes. It does not possess the ability to grow, reproduce, or adapt to changes in its environment. Water molecules do not respond to stimuli or exhibit any form of consciousness or awareness.
While water is crucial for supporting and sustaining life, it is considered a vital component of living organisms rather than a living entity itself. Living organisms rely on water for various physiological processes, such as maintaining hydration, facilitating biochemical reactions, and providing a medium for transport within the body. However, water alone does not possess the necessary characteristics to be classified as a living organism.
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In each example, the blosphere is Interacting with another subsystem of Earth. Identify the other subsystem.
Marine life adds
carbon dioxide to
ocean water during
respiration
Plants on land
release oxygen
during photosynthesis.
Bacteria living
underground convert
ammonia to nitrates.
The waste from
livestock adds
nitrogen to the soil.
The answers are:
Atmosphere: Plants on land release oxygen during photosynthesis.
Geosphere: Bacteria living underground convert ammonia to nitrates. The waste from livestock adds nitrogen to the soil.
Hydrosphere: Marine life adds carbon dioxide to ocean water during respiration
Explanation:
Living beings including animals, plants, and bacteria are part of the biosphere of Earth; additionally, these interact with other systems of Earth such as the atmosphere, geosphere, or hydrosphere. In the case of the atmosphere, which refers to the gases above the surface of Earth, this has an interaction with living beings due to the exchange of gases between both systems. An example of this is plants because they take carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and release oxygen as part of photosynthesis.
On the other hand, the geosphere comprises soil, rocks, minerals, and in general, all that composes the solid non-living parts of Earth. Additionally, there is an interaction between the geosphere and biosphere can occur due to the exchange of substances as it occurs in the case of bacteria converting ammonia to nitrates or in the case of livestock releasing nitrogen.
Finally, the hydrosphere includes all bodies of water such as rivers, oceans, or lakes. Also, there is an interaction between this and living organisms through the exchange of substances, which includes marine life adding carbon dioxide to oceans.
Answer: The answers are:
Atmosphere: Plants on land release oxygen during photosynthesis.
Geosphere: Bacteria living underground convert ammonia to nitrates. And The waste from livestock adds nitrogen to the soil.
Hydrosphere: Marine life adds carbon dioxide to ocean water during respiration
Explanation: I just took the test
g double-strand breaks and repair in bacteria and during homologous recombination in eukaryotes are
Answer:
similar
Explanation:
The process of repairing breaks and damages to DNA has some common aspects between eukaryotic organisms and bacteria. Environmental factors such as exposure to UV radiation can cause a g double stranded break (DSB) in the chromosome. This is inevitable and there are efficient mechanisms in place to make it back to normal again.
When a person is sprinting the person's muscle cells will begin using anaerobic respiration in addition to keeping the mitochondria respiring aerobically as much as the oxygen supply will allow.
What benefits do muscle cells gain from anaerobic respiration in this situation?
A. The mitochondria can use the oxygen generated as a waste product during lactic acid fermentation to increase their output of ATP
B. When pyruvate is transformed into lactic acid, four more ATP molecules are produced that can power muscle movement while NAD is regenerated
C. For every glucose molecule that enters glycolysis, the cell generates, without oxygen, two ATP molecules that can keep the muscles moving.
D. Adding electrons from NADH to pyruvate regenerates NAD, so that glycolysis can continue, and produces lactic acid a waste product that can diffuse out of the cell.
Answer:
Adding electrons from NADH to pyruvate regenerates NAD, so that glycolysis can continue, and produces lactic acid a waste product that can diffuse out of the cell.
For every glucose molecule that enters glycolysis, the cell generates, without oxygen, two ATP molecules that can keep the muscles moving.
Generally,Glycolysis, takes place in the cytosol of cells with or without oxygen.Therefore it continuous mechanism should be in place during anaerobic respiration for supply of 2ATPs from the Net of 4 ATPs when pyruvate is formed, to ensure sustenance of energy.
Therefore,in this athlete, it is imperative to ensure continuous mechanisms of Glycolysis by constant availability of Co-enzyme NAD+ which must be reduced so that electrons can be available for the substrate phosphorylation steps for generation of pyruvate and ATPs.
Thus as the lactic acid is formed from the pyruvate,it is easily removed from the body as wastes, instead of retaining by the muscles cells. The lack of oxygen ensure supply of of 2ATPs for sustaining the athletes in the anaerobic condition.