What is the general trend for atomic radius as you go down the noble gas family?
Answer:
the atomic radius is larger as you go down the noble gas family
If the ph of a solution is 6.1 what is the concentration of h+ ions in the solution
Answer:
[tex]10^{-6} \frac{mol}{L}[/tex]
Explanation:
Comparing to the solution consisting a pH of 5 containing [tex]10^{-5}[/tex] [tex]\frac{mol}{L}[/tex] of hydrogen ions, a solution having a pH of 6 consists of [tex]10^{-6} \frac{mol}{L}[/tex] of hydrogen ions. A solution having a pH of 7 too will have a pH of [tex]10^{-7} \frac{mol}{L}[/tex].
In a voltaic (galvanic) cell, oxidation occurs at the _____ and is where _____ in the salt bridge moves toward.
In a voltaic (galvanic) cell, oxidation occurs at the anode and is where anions in the salt bridge moves toward.
What is Galvanic Cell ?Galvanic Cell or Voltaic Cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the energy of spontaneous redox reactions into electrical energy. In galvanic cell oxidation occurs at the anode and reduction occurs at the cathode. The anode is positive and cathode is negative, anode attracts anions from solution in an electrolytic cell.
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that In a voltaic (galvanic) cell, oxidation occurs at the anode and is where anions in the salt bridge moves toward.
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Hat product forms at the anode during the electrolysis of molten nabr?
a. Na+ (l) Na(l).
b. Br–(l).
c. Br^3–(I).
d. Br^2(g).
Reaction at anode
2 Br- (aq) -----> Br2 (g) + 2e-
The product formed at the anode is Br2 (g).
In chemistry and production, electrolysis is a technique that makes use of direct electric present-day (DC) to power an otherwise non-spontaneous chemical response.
Electrolysis is commercially crucial as a degree inside the separation of factors from clearly going on sources including ores the usage of an electrolytic cell.
The voltage that is wanted for electrolysis to occur is called the decomposition capacity. The word "lysis" way to split or break, so in phrases, electrolysis would imply "breakdown via power".
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Which describes the oxidizing agent in a chemical reaction?
the substance that is oxidized because it loses electrons
the substance that is reduced because it loses electrons
the substance that is oxidized because it gains electrons
the substance that is reduced because it gains electrons
The statement that describes the oxidizing agent in a chemical reaction is the substance that is reduced because it gains electrons (option D).
What is a redox reaction?A redox reaction is a chemical reaction in which some of the atoms have their oxidation number changed.
In a redox reaction, there are oxidizing and reducing agents. The oxidizing agent is the substance that receives electrons from another substance, hence, becoming reduced.
Therefore, the statement that describes the oxidizing agent in a chemical reaction is the substance that is reduced because it gains electrons.
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Answer:D
Explanation:
took test
Including the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl coa, how many nadh, fadh2, atp, and gtp molecules are produced during the krebs cycle?
3 NADH + [tex]1FADH_{2}[/tex] + 1GTP (=ATP) is used during Krebs Cycle in every acetyl CoA
The Krebs cycle is also called citric acid cycle.The Krebs cycle is used for conversion pyruvate to acetyl CoA.The sequence of reaction in living organism in which oxidation of acetic acid or acetyl equivalent provides energy for storage in phosphate bonds.The pyruvate is important chemical compound in the biochemistry.The pyruvate is primary used as transporter of carbon atoms into the mitochondria and do complete oxidation of this carbon atoms into carbon dioxide.
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If the reaction between H2 and I2 to form HI were at equilibrium and an additional 0.25 moles of H2 were added to the reaction, what would happen
The equilibrium would shift in the direction of the products
What is Equilibrium?Equilibrium in chemistry is the state that exists when a chemical reaction and its opposite reaction happen at the same rates. This word's Latin origins may be traced to the prefix aequi-, which means equal, and lbra, which means scale or balance.
[tex]{\displaystyle {\begin{aligned}{\text{forward reaction rate}}&=k_{+}{\ce {A}}^{\alpha }{\ce {B}}^{\beta }\\{\text{backward reaction rate}}&=k_{-}{\ce {S}}^{\sigma }{\ce {T}}^{\tau }\end{aligned}}}[/tex]
where A, B, S and T are active masses and k+ and k− are rate constants. Since at equilibrium forward and backward rates are equal:
[tex]{\displaystyle k_{+}\left\{{\ce {A}}\right\}^{\alpha }\left\{{\ce {B}}\right\}^{\beta }=k_{-}\left\{{\ce {S}}\right\}^{\sigma }\left\{{\ce {T}}\right\}^{\tau }}{\displaystyle k_{+}\left\{{\ce {A}}\right\}^{\alpha }\left\{{\ce {B}}\right\}^{\beta }=k_{-}\left\{{\ce {S}}\right\}^{\sigma }\left\{{\ce {T}}\right\}^{\tau }}[/tex]
and the ratio of the rate constants is also a constant, now known as an equilibrium constant.
[tex]{\displaystyle K_{c}={\frac {k_{+}}{k_{-}}}={\frac {\{{\ce {S}}\}^{\sigma }\{{\ce {T}}\}^{\tau }}{\{{\ce {A}}\}^{\alpha }\{{\ce {B}}\}^{\beta }}}}{\displaystyle K_{c}={\frac {k_{+}}{k_{-}}}={\frac {\{{\ce {S}}\}^{\sigma }\{{\ce {T}}\}^{\tau }}{\{{\ce {A}}\}^{\alpha }\{{\ce {B}}\}^{\beta }}}}\\[/tex]
H₂ + I₂→ 2HI
Rate constants - The proportionality constant in the equation that defines the link between the rate of a chemical reaction and the concentrations of the reacting chemicals is known as the rate constant, also known as the specific rate constant.
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Hydrocarbons (typically petroleum products), which separate in water and have a Specific Gravity less than one, represents a significant hazard to firefighters. Why
Hydrocarbons (typically petroleum products), which separate in water and have a Specific Gravity of less than one, represent a significant hazard to firefighters. Why?
In water, hydrocarbons float to the surface. Water has limited impact on Class B Flammable Liquids and Gases fires, unless water is used to supply a Class B foam/water mixture that can slow the spread of flammable vapors and allow extinguishment by excluding oxygen. Hydrocarbons emit flammable vapors with a significant risk of fire.Describe hydrocarbons.Any member of the class of organic chemical compounds known as hydrocarbons only includes the atoms carbon (C) and hydrogen (H). The hydrogen atoms bond to the carbon atoms in a variety of ways to create the compound's structural framework.
What percentage of crude oil is made up of hydrocarbons?Although there could be thousands of different hydrocarbon molecules in a given crude oil, these descriptions only focus on the type of hydrocarbon that predominates in the combination. Typically, each sort of molecule can be found in all naturally occurring crude oils.
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23
What is the mass of 3.01 x 10 atoms of neon?
Answer:
10.0 g
Explanation:
Avogadro's law states that there are 6.02 × 10²³ molcules in one mole of a substance, so we know that this sample has half a mole of neon.
The atomic mass of neon is 20.1797 g/mol, so 0.5 mol has a mass of about 10.0 g.
it is 10.09 g
According to Avogadro;
1 mole of neon would have 6.022 x 10^23 atoms
3.0 x 10^23 atoms of neon would have:
3.0 x 10^23/6.022 x 10^23
= 0.5 moles
mass of 0.5 moles neon = mole x molar mass
= 0.5 x 20.18
= 10.09 g
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How much more uranium is there diffused in our oceans compared to what we can mine on land?
There is nearly 1000 times more uranium diffused in our oceans as compared to mine on land.
The world ocean contain more than 4 billion metric tons of dissolved uranium . Uranium is removed from ocean by diffusion across the sediment-water interface of organic-rich sediments.
Mining of Uranium on land.Uranium ore is deposits are economically recovered within earth crust. The uranium elements is common elements present in earth crust as it found 40 times more as compare to silver and 500 times more as compare to gold. It can found in everywhere in the rock , soil, river, and ocean.
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A photon has an energy of 2.88×10^-18 J . Convert energy into eV.
A photon has an energy of 2.88 × 10⁻¹⁸ J. The energy into eV is 17.97 eV.
What is Photon Energy ?The energy which is carried by a single photon is called Photon energy.
It is expressed as:
E = hf
where,
E = Photon energy
h = Planck's energy
f = Wave frequency
How to convert Joules (J) into Electron volt (eV) ?To convert J into eV
E(eV) = E(J) × 6.241509 × 10¹⁸
= 2.88 × 10⁻¹⁸ × 6.241509 × 10¹⁸
= 17.97 eV
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that A photon has an energy of 2.88 × 10⁻¹⁸ J. The energy into eV is 17.97 eV.
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Which of the following is a statement that describes a problem that can be solved using technology design?
The cat will be sprayed with water when it jumps on the couch.
A hockey player needs a stronger shot.
The smoke from a forest fire is causing health issues.
The living room needs to be cleaned.
Answer:
the smoke one
Explanation:
it can be made aware of and people can raise money to stop it/ help it
Approximately how long would the entire nucleosynthesis event take tofinish in the early universe?
Because of the very short period in which nucleosynthesis occurred before it was stopped by expansion and cooling (about 20 minutes), no elements heavier than beryllium (or possibly boron) could be formed.
Big Bang nucleosynthesis occurred inside the first three minutes of the start of the universe and is chargeable for an awful lot of the abundance of H (protium), H (D, deuterium), He (helium-three), and He (helium-4).
Although He remains produced by stellar fusion and alpha decays and hint quantities of H remain produced by way of spallation and certain sorts of radioactive decay, most of the mass of the isotopes inside the universe is thought to be produced in the Big Bang.
The nuclei of these elements, together with a few Li and Be are taken into consideration to have been fashioned between 100 and 300 seconds after the Big Bang whilst the primordial quark-gluon plasma froze out to form protons and neutrons.
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It is always feasible that a substance will dissolve in water when:
A. Enthalpy is negative and entropy is positive.
B. Enthalpy is negative and entropy is negative.
C. Enthalpy is positive and entropy is positive.
HELP PLEASE 15 points
The free energy is always negative and the dissolution is feasible when enthalpy is negative and entropy is positive. Option A
What is dissolution of a substance in water?Water is known as the universal solvent. Water is a polar substance hence it is often used to dissolve polar substances. It has a dipole and being that there is a high degree of electronegativity difference between the oxygen and the hydrogen atoms in water, it is feasible that the degree of hydrogen bonding between the two is high.
We know that dissolution is favored when there will be an increase in entropy as a result of that, that is; if more particles will appear. Now we know that ΔG = ΔH - TΔS.
Given the equation above, it then follows that the free energy is always negative and the dissolution is feasible when enthalpy is negative and entropy is positive. Option A
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Gaseous nitrogen dioxide dissolved in warm liquid water to form hno3 and gaseous nitrogen monoxide enter a balanced equation for this reaction
Answer:
3 NO₂ (g) + H₂O (l) ---> 2 HNO₃ (aq) + NO (g)
Explanation:
Gaseous nitrogen dioxide = NO₂ (g)
Liquid water = H₂O (l)
Because the reactants are dissolved = HNO₃ (aq)
Gaseous nitrogen monoxide = NO (g)
In order for a reaction to be balanced, there needs to be an equal amount of each type of atom on both sides of the equation. The equation can be balanced by adding coefficients to modify the quantities of certain compounds.
The unbalanced equation:
NO₂ (g) + H₂O (l) ---> HNO₃ (aq) + NO (g)
Reactants: 1 nitrogen, 3 oxygen, 2 hydrogen
Products: 2 nitrogen, 4 oxygen, 1 hydrogen
The balanced equation:
3 NO₂ (g) + H₂O (l) ---> 2 HNO₃ (aq) + NO (g)
Reactants: 3 nitrogen, 7 oxygen, 2 hydrogen
Products: 3 nitrogen, 7 oxygen, 2 hydrogen
How does the number of osmoles factor in when trying to calculate the molar mass of a substance?
To calculate the molar mass of substance, divide the number of moles by the given mass of substance.
The quantity of a substance is known as a mole. You can measure it in terms of grams, liters, atoms, molecules, or particles.
Use the substance's molar mass to convert between grams and moles. Divide the given mass by the number of moles to convert from moles to molar mass.
Using the formula, Number of moles = Given mass/ molar mass
The molar mass of a substance can be calculated as-
Molar mass = Given mass/number of moles
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If you were presented with 2 liters of a 2m sucrose stock solution, how many grams of sugar would be in a 100ml aliquot?
Answer:
68.46 gms
Explanation:
2 molal solution means there is 2 moles of sucrose per kg of solvent (generally 1000 cc)
2 moles / 1000 ml * 100 ml = .2 moles
mole weight of sucrose = 342.3 gm/mole
342.3 gm/mole * .2 mole = 68.46 gms
A sample of gas has a temperature of 25 oc and a volume of 122 ml. if the volume is decreased to 50 ml, what is the new temperature?
Answer:
10.2 °C
Explanation:
If all other variables are held constant, you can find the new temperature using the Charles' Law equation. The equation looks like this:
V₁ / T₁ = V₂ / T₂
In this equation, "V₁" and "T₁" represent the initial volume and temperature. "V₂" and "T₂" represent the final volume and temperature. You can find the new temperature by plugging the given values into the equation and simplifying.
V₁ = 122 mL V₂ = 50 mL
T₁ = 25 °C T₂ = ? °C
V₁ / T₁ = V₂ / T₂ <----- Charles' Law equation
122 mL / 25 °C = 50 mL / T₂ <----- Insert values
4.88 = 50 mL / T₂ <----- Divide 25 from 122
4.88 x T₂ = 50 mL <----- Multiply both sides by T₂
T₂ = 10.2 °C <----- Divide both sides by 4.88
Grant plans to evaporate enough water from 22 gallons of a 16 mmonia solution to make a 24 mmonia solution. Which equation can he use to find n, the number of gallons of water he should remove?
He can use 3.52/22-n = 24/100 equation to find n, where n is the number of gallons of water.
Calculation of amount of ammonia in 22 gallon of 16% ammonia solution.
amount of ammonia = 16%×22 gallon = 3.53 gallon
The amount of ammonia remains the same after evaporation of water but the total amount of solution is reduced because solution contain ammonia as well as water . So, if water is evaporate then solution reduced.
Amount of water remains = 22 - n
Desired concentration, 24% = 24/100
Therefore the final equation becomes,
3.52/22-n = 24/100
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Which compound is not required for the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl-coa?
The compound that is not required for the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl-CoA is ATP.
What is oxidative decarboxylation?The chemical process of oxidative decarboxylation is an oxidative process where carboxylate groups are eliminated to form CO2.
The process of oxidative decarboxylation is associated with cellular respiration, which generates ATP as a product (instead of reactant).
In conclusion, the compound that is not required for the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl-CoA is ATP.
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If 10.0 moles of sulfur dioxide react with excess chlorine gas, what is the theoretical yield (in grams) of CI2O produced?
Answer:
869 g Cl₂O
Explanation:
To find the theoretical yield of Cl₂O, you need to (1) convert moles SO₂ to moles Cl₂O (via mole-to-mole ratio from reaction coefficients) and then (2) convert moles Cl₂O to grams Cl₂O (via molar mass). It is important to arrange the conversions/ratios in a way that allows for the cancellation of units (the desired unit should be in the numerator). The final answer should have 3 sig figs to reflect the sig figs of the given amount (10.0 moles).
1 SO₂ (g) + 2 Cl₂ (g) ----> 1 SOCl₂ (g) + 1 Cl₂O (g)
Molar Mass (Cl₂O): 2(35.453 g/mol) + 15.998 g/mol
Molar Mass (Cl₂O): 86.904 g/mol
10.0 moles SO₂ 1 mole Cl₂O 86.904 g
------------------------ x ---------------------- x ------------------ = 869 g Cl₂O
1 mole SO₂ 1 mole
What is the energy change when 100g of Benzene boils at 80.1°C?
The enthalpy of vaporization for Benzene is 30.8 kJ/mol. 39.42 kJ is the energy change when 100g of Benzene boils at 80.1 degrees Celsius.
What is Enthalpy of Vaporization ?The amount of enthalpy or energy that must be added to a liquid substance into gas substance is called Enthalpy of Vaporization. It is also known as Latent heat of vaporization.
How to find the energy change from enthalpy of vaporization ?To calculate the energy use this expression:
[tex]Q = n \Delta H_{\text{vapo.}[/tex]
where,
Q = Energy change
n = number of moles
[tex]\Delta H_{\text{Vapo.}}[/tex] = Molar enthalpy of vaporization
Now find the number of moles
Number of moles (n) = [tex]\frac{\text{Given Mass}}{\text{Molar mass}}[/tex]
= [tex]\frac{100\ g }{78\ g/mol}[/tex]
= 1.28 mol
Now put the values in above formula we get
[tex]Q = n \Delta H_{\text{vapo.}[/tex]
= 1.28 mol × 30.8 kJ/mol
= 39.42 kJ
Thus from the above conclusion we can say that The enthalpy of vaporization for Benzene is 30.8 kJ/mol. 39.42 kJ is the energy change when 100g of Benzene boils at 80.1 degrees Celsius.
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Disclaimer: The question was given incomplete on the portal. Here is the complete question.
Question: The enthalpy of vaporization for Benzene is 30.8 kJ/mol. What is the energy change when 100g of Benzene boils at 80.1 degrees Celsius?
The metal which produces hydrogen gas on reaction with dilute hydrochloric acid as well as sodium hydroxide solution is _____.
Metal which produces hydrogen gas:
Aluminum metal produces hydrogen gas with dilute hydrochloric acid as well as sodium hydroxide.
What are amphoteric oxides?
Amphoteric oxides are the metal oxides which reacts with both acids and bases.
Some metals are also amphoteric, ie. on reaction with acid or base, the product will be salt and Hydrogen gas.
Amphoteric metal + acid/base → salt + hydrogen gas
Few metals of the periodic table are amphoteric in nature. Like Aluminum, Zinc etc.
Reactions:
Reaction with dilute NaOH:
2Al + 2NaOH + 2[tex]H_{2}[/tex]O → 2NaAl[tex]O_{2}[/tex] + [tex]H_{2}[/tex]
Reaction with dilute HCl:
2Al + 6HCl(aq) → 2Al[tex]Cl_{3}[/tex] + 3[tex]H_{2}[/tex]
Dilute and Aqueous (aq) means mixed with water ([tex]H_2O[/tex])
These reaction are balanced in order to follow the Law of conservation of mass.
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what is the molar mass of citric acid (c6h8o7) and baking soda (nahco3)?
The molar mass of citric acid (c6h8o7) is 192.124g/mol
The molar mass of baking soda (nahco3) is 84.007g/mol
The molar mass of a chemical compound is defined as the mass of a sample of that compound divided by the amount of substance in that sample and is measured in moles. Molar mass is a mass property, not a molecular property of a substance.
Molar mass is the mass of 1 mole of the sample. To find the molar mass, add up the atomic masses (atomic weights) of all the atoms in the molecule. Use the masses listed in the periodic table or atomic weight table to determine the atomic mass of each element.
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The molar mass of citric acid (C6H8O7) : 192.12 g/mol
The molar mass of citric acid (C6H8O7) : 84.007 g/mol
Baking soda is a monosodium salt of carbonic acid with alkalizing and electrolyte substitution properties. When dissociated, baking soda forms sodium and bicarbonate ions. Ion formation increases plasma bicarbonate and buffers excess hydrogen ion concentration, resulting in an increase in blood pH.
Citric acid is a naturally occurring weak acid in all citrus fruits. If you've ever sunk your teeth in a lemon, you've tasted citric acid. Manufacturers add artificial versions of it to processed foods. Drugs containing citric acid treat health problems such as kidney stones.
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_____ is a buildup of fluid within the eye.
a. macular
b. degeneration
c. cataracts
d. glaucoma
e. osteoporosis
Glaucoma Is a buildup of fluid within the eye.
The optic nerve, which is necessary for clear vision, is harmed by a group of eye conditions collectively referred to as glaucoma. This injury typically happens as a result of an excessively high amount of pressure in your eye. Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness in persons over 60. Glaucoma frequently results from high intraocular pressure. Diabetes, however, can also increase your risk of developing glaucoma. We'll go into more detail about the connection between diabetes and glaucoma in this piece. We'll also talk about some preventative steps you may take to help keep your eyes healthy. Loss of side or peripheral vision: Often, this is the first glaucoma symptom.
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Crude petroleum is a mixture of many different components. How might one separate out the components to begin the process of refining petroleum
Fractional distillation is used for the refining of crude petroleum.
How are the components of crude petroleum separated out?Fractional distillation is the procedure used to separate crude oil's numerous constituents.
A mixture is divided into several components, known as fractions, using fractional distillation.A combination of hydrocarbons makes up crude oil. The crude oil evaporates, and in the fractionating column, its vapors condense at various temperatures.The hydrocarbon molecules in each percent have a comparable number of carbon atoms and a comparable range of boiling points.The mixture is placed above a tall fractionating column that has multiple condensers coming off at various heights.The bottom of the column is warm, while the top is cool. High boiling point compounds condense at the bottom, whereas low boiling point substances condense as they ascend.Learn more about fractional distillation here:
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Given the following equation: __ Al(s) __ O2(g) --> __ Al2O3(s) When the equation is correctly balanced using smallest whole numbers, the coefficient of Al(s) is:
Answer:
The coefficient for Al(s) is 2.
Explanation:
__ Al(s) __ O2(g) --> __ Al2O3(s)
__ Al(s) __ O2(g) --> 1 Al2O3(s)
1 Al(s) __ O2(g) --> 1 Al2O3(s)
1 Al(s) + 1.5 O2(g) --> 1 Al2O3(s) [Use a fraction to make it balance]
2 Al(s) + 3 O2(g) --> 2 Al2O3(s) [Convert the 1.5 fraction to a whole number by multiplying all coefficients by 2]
What is a molecular dipole moment?
A sample of hydrogen gas collected at a pressure of 0.923 atm and a
temperature of 17.0 °C is found to occupy a volume of 29.6 liters. How many
moles of H₂ gas are in the sample?
mol
Answer:
1.15 moles H₂
Explanation:
To find the moles of H₂ gas, you need to use the Ideal Gas Law equation. The equation looks like this:
PV = nRT
In this equation,
-----> P = pressure (atm)
-----> V = volume (L)
-----> n = moles
-----> R = Ideal Gas Constant (0.08206 L*atm/mol*K)
-----> T = temperature (K)
Before you can plug the given values into the equation and simplify, you need to convert Celsius to Kelvin.
P = 0.923 atm R = 0.08206 L*atm/mol*K
V = 29.6 L T = 17.0 °C + 273.15 = 290.15 K
n = ? moles
PV = nRT
(0.923 atm)(29.6 L) = n(0.08206 L*atm/mol*K)(290.15 K)
27.3208 = n(23.809709)
1.15 = n
How many sulfur dioxide molecules are in 2.8 moles of sulfur dioxide?
Answer:
1,69 x10²⁴
Explanation:
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