The concentration of I- is found to be 1.25 x 10^-3 M when this solution is saturated. The solubility product constant for lead (II) iodide is: Ksp = 1,95 x 10^-9.
How to calculate the solubility product constant?The balanced chemical equation of lead (II) iodide is:
PbI2(aq) <=> Pb2+(aq) + 2I-(aq)
s s 2s
We can only include the ions from gas and aqueous phases in the equilibrium equation. Hence, the solubility product constant (Ksp) of this reaction is:
Ksp = [Pb2+][I-]^2
Ksp = s(s)^2
Ksp = s^3
If the concentration of I- is 1.25 x 10^-3:
Ksp = s^3
Ksp = 1.25 x 10^-3 (1.25 x 10^-3)^2
Ksp = 1.25 x 10^-3 (1,56 X 10^-6)
Ksp = 1,95 x 10^-9
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For small liquid spills that only affect a small area of skin, immediate flush with flowing cold water for at least.
For atleast 15 mins
Lab safety
We must always be cautious with hot and boiling liquids and whenever you are heating a liquid of any kind.We should never heat flammable liquid in a beaker. Never look down the neck of hot or heated vessel. Flasks, reaction containers and beakers should never be filled to capacity.For small liquid spill or splash that affects only a small area of skin, you should immediately flush skin with flowing water for at least 15 minutes (30 minutes for bases).
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In each case, she fills a reaction vessel with some mixture of the reactants and products at a constant temperature of 135.0 °C and constant total pressure. Then, she measures the reaction enthalpy AH and reaction entropy AS of the first reaction, and the reaction enthalpy AH and reaction free energy AG of the second reaction. The results of her measurements are shown in the table. Complete the table. That is, calculate AG for the first reaction and AS for the second. (Round your answer to zero decimal places.) Then, decide whether, under the conditions the engineer has set up, the reaction is spontaneous, the reverse reaction is spontaneous, or neither forward nor reverse reaction is spontaneous because the system is at equilibrium. AH = -107. kJ AS = -194 J K X $ ? AG = kJ C(s) + 2C1, (g) - CC1,(g) Which is spontaneous? this reaction the reverse reaction neither AH = 951. kJ | as=0 AG = 37. kJ Al 0,(s) + 3H2(g) + 2Al(s) + 3H20 (8) Which is spontaneous? this reaction the reverse reaction neither
To understand the connection between free energy and the equilibrium constant. The sign of a chemical reaction's standard free energy change G° determines whether the reaction will tend to proceed forward or backward. Similarly, the relative signs of G° and S° determine whether or not temperature affects the spontaneity of a chemical reaction, and if so, how much.
How do you determine enthalpy and entropy?G is only relevant for changes where the temperature and pressure remain constant. Most laboratory reactions are performed under these conditions; the system is usually open to the atmosphere (constant pressure), and the process begins and ends at room temperature (after any heat we have added or which is liberated by the reaction has dissipated.)
The Gibbs function is crucial because it is the single master variable that determines whether a given chemical change is thermodynamically possible.
Thus, if the free energy of the reactants is greater than the free energy of the products, the entropy of the world will increase when the reaction occurs as written, and the reaction will tend to occur spontaneously. In contrast, if the free energy of the products exceeds that of the reactants, the reaction will tend to proceed in the opposite direction rather than the one specified.
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which isotope, when bombarded with oxygen-18, yields the artificial isotope seaborgium-263 plus 4 neutrons?
Californium -249 is the isotope, when bombarded with oxygen-18, yields the artificial isotope seaborgium-263 plus 4 neutrons.
Californium is a radioactive chemical element with the symbol Cf and atomic number 98. The element was first synthesized by bombarding curium with alpha particles (helium-4 ions).
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1.00 mol of calcium hydroxide has how many oxygen atoms? the formula for calcium hydroxide is ca(oh)2.
1.00 mole of calcium hydroxide has 1.20 × [tex]10^{24}[/tex] atoms.
Calcium hydroxide is an odorless white powder. It's utilized in industrial settings, inclusive of sewage treatment, paper production, creation, and food processing. It also has medical and dental makes use of. as an instance, root canal fillings frequently include calcium hydroxide.
Prolonged contact of the pores and skin with calcium hydroxide may motive skin and a vesicular rash, skin ulceration, and corrosion in a few cases. Ingestion of this material has induced intense pain, vomiting, tissue corrosion, perforation, and loss of life.
Calcium hydroxide, also called slaked lime, is obtained by using the motion of water on calcium oxide. While combined with water, a small share of it dissolves, forming an answer referred to as limewater, the relaxation ultimate as a suspension referred to as milk of lime.
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if the solubility of iron (iii) hydroxide is 1.49e-10 moles/liter, what is the ksp of iron (iii) hydroxide?
Mo Iron's polarity is calculated. Hydroxide. Thus, we must translate this into moles. One additional F b o H 30 H will get you to Surrey. Over 2.80 L, the molar mass was 5.8 grams.
Working out at 1.40 times 10 to the minus 52.80 times 10 to the minus five. I'll get either 1.1 or 1.1.10 multiplied by 10 to the negative 14. Put the KSP value into action.
What is Hydroxide ?A diatomic anion with the chemical formula OH is hydrogen oxide. It has a negative electric charge and is made up of two atoms of oxygen and hydrogen that are bound together by a single covalent bond. It is a crucial yet typically insignificant component of water. It serves as a base, ligand, nucleophile, catalyst, and nucleophile.
If the pOH of the solution is known, it is possible to determine the hydroxide ion concentration in an aqueous solution, [OH-], in mol L-1. The amount of hydroxide ions in the solution decreases as the pOH rises. The amount of hydroxide ions in the solution rises as the pOH drops.
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what is the oxidation state of an individual bromine atom in nabro3 ? express the oxidation state numerically (e.g., 1).
The oxidation state of an individual bromine atom in NaBrO₃ .express the oxidation state numerically is + 5.
The given compound is as follows :
NaBrO₃ , the oxidation number of Na is +1. the oxidation state of O is - 2. the compound is neutral means all the oxidation number add is equal to zero.
NaBrO₃ => + 1 + Br + ( -2 ) × 3 = 0
Br + 1 - 6 = 0
Br - 5 = 0
Br = + 5
Thus, The oxidation state of an individual bromine atom in NaBrO₃ .express the oxidation state numerically is +5
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(a) how many grams of water will be produced from the combustion of 3.36 g of ethane gas with 9.56 g of oxygen gas?
4.609 grams of water will be produced from the combustion of 3.36 g of ethane gas with 9.56 g of oxygen gas. The chemical element with the atomic number 8 and symbol O is called oxygen.
Oxygen belongs to the periodic table's chalcogen group, is a very reactive nonmetal, and an oxidizing agent that easily produces oxides with most elements as well as other compounds.
The chemical formula for ethane, a paraffin series hydrocarbon with the properties of being colourless, odorless, and gaseous, is C2H6. The only hydrocarbon with a single carbon-carbon bond has the simplest structural makeup, and that is ethane. The primary use of ethylene, a feedstock for making plastics, is ethane.
A variety of intermediate products, the majority of which are transformed into plastics, are produced by the petrochemical industry using ethylene, which is primarily produced from ethane.
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the total amount of heat flow on compressing the co2 using the entropy balance and generalized chart of entropy departure. is the heat flow positive or negative? why?
Heat is chosen to be positive when it enters a system and negative when it exits, represented by the symbol Q and unit Joule. The temperature difference between two bodies causes heat flow.
What is an entropy in chemistry?The amount of heat per unit of temperatures in a system that cannot be used to carry out beneficial work is known as entropy. Entropy is a measure of a system's molecular disorder or unpredictability since work is produced by organized molecular motion.
What is entropy principle?All spontaneous shifts in an isolated system, according to the entropy principle, occur in the direction of growing entropy. These transformations can be seen in the dispersion of gradients or the evaporation of lots of energy into low-grade energy, which eventually turns into heat energy.
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what volume, in l, of 10.0 m hcl is needed to make 2.00 l of 2.00 m hcl solution by dilution with water?
To make 2.00 l of 2.00 m HCl solution by dilution with water, the volume of 10.0 m HCl needed is 0.4 l.
Dilution is defined as the process in which the concentration of a sample is decreased by adding more solvent. The dilution formula is given below.
C₁V₁ = C₂V₂
where C₁ = initial concentration of sample = 10.0 m
V₁ = initial volume of sample
C₂ = final concentration after dilution = 2.00 m
V₂ = total final volume after dilution = 2.00 l
Plug in the values to the formula and solve for the volume of the solution needed.
V₁ = C₂V₂/C₁
V₁ = (2.00 m)(2.00 l)/(10.0 m)
V₁ = 0.4 l
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Write the structural formula of compound formed by replacing one hydrogen with OH group from ethane.
The structural formula of the compound formed by replacing one hydrogen with the OH group from ethane is Ethanol.
The alkane are the compound in which carbon atoms connected with single bond and carbon and hydrogen single bond . alkanes are called as saturated hydrocarbon. we use prefix eth for the two carbon atom and suffix ane for alkane .the ethane is alkane. The OH group is functional group called as hydroxy group. The suffix use for hydroxy group is ol.
CH₃ - CH₃ + OH -----> CH₃ - CH₂OH
ethane ethanol
Thus, The structural formula of the compound formed by replacing one hydrogen with the OH group from ethane is Ethanol.
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Metallic solids are solids composed of metal atoms that are held together by metallic bonds. They also tend to be good conductors because.
Metal solids tend to be good conductors because of the property of electron mobility.
Metal cations are the building blocks of metallic solids, and a delocalized "sea" of valence electrons holds them all together. Metallic solids are good conductors of heat and electricity because of the mobility of their electrons. Metal atoms bound together by metallic bonds form metallic solids, which are solids. These linkages act as expansive molecular orbitals that cover the entire solid.
The electrons in metallic solids are hence delocalized. They are not only linked together by two atoms in a sigma bond. Metals are effective heat and electricity conductors because they contain at least one free electron per atom, which means that it is not bound to any one atom and is therefore free to travel about the metal.
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7. How many moles are 1.20 x 1025 molecules of calcium chloride?
Answer: 6.022 x 10²³ units
Explanation:
List the following bonds in order of increasing ionic character.
the lithium-to-fluorine bond in Li-F
the potassium-to-chlorine bond in KCl
the lithium-to-lithium bond in Li
the chlorine-to-fluorine bond in ClF3
the potassium-to-bromine bond in K-Br
The list of ionic bonds in order of increasing ionic character is as follows:
the chlorine-to-fluorine bond in ClF3the lithium-to-lithium bond in Lithe potassium-to-bromine bond in K-Brthe lithium-to-fluorine bond in Li-Fthe potassium-to-chlorine bond in KClWhat are ionic bonds?Ionic bonds are bonds that are formed between two oppositely-charged ions held together by electrostatic forces of attraction.
The ions that are involved are the positive ions called cations and the negative ions called anions.
The strength of an ionic bond increases with an increase in the ionic character of the ions as well as an increase in the difference in the electronegativity of the ions.
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which of the following pairs of compounds could be separated by chemically active extraction? what reagents would you use? a. ch3ch2co2h and clch2ch2co2h b. phenol and alcohol c. nh and o
Option-(b) Phenol and alcohol could be separated by chemically active extraction.
In the chemically active extraction ,the compounds are treated with an acid or a base to alter their chemical structure. There are 3 types of chemical extraction. liquid-liquid, liquid-solid and acid base extraction. Acid-base extraction is known as a chemically active extraction.
A phenol is a weak acid.it can lose hydrogen ion when dissolved in water. alcohol is both acid and a base.it reacts with a strong base. The Oxygen atom makes alcohol a base. phenol and alcohol treated with DNA in the process of active extraction.
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A gas is heated from 213.0k to 498.0k and the volume is increased from 23.0 liters to 55.0 liters by moving a large piston within a cylinder. If the original pressure was 1.15 atm, what would the final pressure be?
Include the following within your answer :
Which gas law did you use?
The numerical answer to the question.
An explanation of the correct number of significant figures you will use for the numerical answer.
Final pressure be P₂ = 0.9777 atm.
given data:-
data provided
Volume at first = 23.0 L
1.15 atm initial pressure
The starting temperature is 213.0 K.
498.0 K is the final temperature.
Volume completed: 55.0 L
Final pressure =?
Briefly:-
The generic gas equation states:
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2
P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2 is a formula.
Initial pressure is P1.
Initial volume: V1
Initial temperature is T1.
Final pressure is P2.
Final volume is V2.
T2 = Actual temperature.
P2 = P1V1 T2/ T1 V2 P2 = 1 atm 23.0 L 498.0 K / 213.0 K 55.0 L
P2 = 11454 atm .L. K / 11715 K.L
P₂ = 0.9777 atm.
A piston pressure is defined.The piston force, sometimes referred to as piston cylinder force, is the force applied to the piston while it is under cylinder pressure. An illustration of this force can be seen in a hydraulic system.
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which way of dissolving does not change the chemical identity of the solute? responses dispersion dispersion disintegration disintegration ionization ionization dissociation
Dispersion does not change the chemical identity of the solute.
The dispersed phase is solute and dispersed medium is solvent. When ink is added to the water then it is dispersed in water, therefore the chemical identity is not changed.
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PLEASE HELPPP In the gas law formula PV-nRT, the P is the gas _______________. (1 pt)
*
1 point
power
pressure
population
moles
Answer:
pressure is the correct answer bud
which one of the following statements is false? group of answer choices water is the most important greenhouse gas. water plays the greatest role in the thermal regulation of the atmosphere the amount of energy absorbed when water evaporates is large due to its strong intermolecular forces. water molecules absorb energy when water vapor condenses to form clouds.
The correct statement is " water molecules absorb energy when water vapor condenses to form clouds".
Condensation, which is the opposite of vaporization, would be the transformation of matter from its gaseous state into its liquid state. The water cycle is the most frequent use of the phrase.
One such illustration is the condensation that accumulates on a chilly cup's exterior or on a car's windows on a cool night. Dew, vapor, clouds, and the fog that see it when you exhale on a chilly day are more characteristics of condensation.
Therefore, the correct answer will be option (D).
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Balance the chemical equation for the
conversion of titanium dioxide to titanium chloride.
TiO₂ + Cl₂ + C → TICI + CO₂
Answer:
Explanation:
Here, we see that on the left-hand side the elements are as such -
TI - 1
O - 2
Cl - 2
C - 1
On the right-hand side, we have -
TI - 1
Cl - 1
C - 1
O - 2
So, this is how they will be balanced out -
2TIO₂ + Cl₂ + 2C => 2TICl + 2CO₂
calculate the ph for each case in the titration of 50.0 ml of 0.160 m hclo(aq) with 0.160 m koh(aq). use the ionization constant for hclo. what is the ph before addition of any koh? what is the ph after addition of 25.0 ml koh?
pH before addition of any KOH = 4.10
pH after addition of any KOH = 7.40
What is pH?The quantitative measure of the acidity or basicity of aqueous or other liquid solutions is known as pH. In pure neutral (neither acidic nor alkaline) water, the concentration of hydrogen ions is 10⁻⁷ gram-equivalents per liter, which means a pH of 7. Solutions below pH 7 are acidic. Solutions of pH greater than 7 are basic or alkaline.
For the given question:
HClO ⇄ H⁺ + ClO⁻
Kₐ = 4 × 10⁻⁸
Kₐ = [H⁺ ][ClO⁻]/[HClO]
Let, [H⁺ ] = [ClO⁻] = x
Since [HClO] = 0.160 M
Then,
4 × 10⁻⁸ = x²/0.160
x = 8.0 × 10⁻⁵ M which is [H⁺ ]
pH = -log[H⁺ ]
pH = 4.10
Now initial moles of HClO = 0.05L × 0.160 mol/L
= 8 × 10⁻³ mol
Addition of 25.0 ml KOH adds 4 × 10⁻³ mol of KOH which reacts with HCl forming 4 × 10⁻³ mol ClO⁻ leaving 4 × 10⁻³ mol of HClO
Concentration [ClO⁻] = 4 × 10⁻³ mol / 0.0750L
= 0.0533M
Now,
Kₓ = 4 × 10⁻⁸
= [H⁺ ](0.0533)/(0.0533)
[H⁺ ] = 4 × 10⁻⁸
pH = 7.40
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which is the best reason that the atomic radius generally increases with atomic number in each group of elements?
The atomic radius becomes larger as move down the group or column in the periodic table because it increases the number of energy levels with each successive period.
As we move down the group, the number of period increases, which means the number of shells in an atom also increases. So, the extra electrons are added in the next shell with each successive period down the group, and the atomic size increases with an increase in atomic number down the group.
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One of the ceramics used in skateboards is called Cerbec. Which of the following are
also ceramics? Put rings around the two correct answers
glass ionic cement melamine nylon
Ceramics are synthetic materials which are corrosion and chemical resistant. Glass is an example of ceramic. Nylon, melamine and cement are not ceramic.
What are ceramics?Any of the several tough, fragile, heat- and corrosion-resistant materials created by sculpting and then heating an inorganic, nonmetallic material like clay to a high temperature are known as ceramics. Brick, porcelain, and earthenware are typical examples.
Pottery items or figurines composed of clay, either by itself or when combined with other materials like silica, and then hardened and sintered in fire, were the earliest ceramics produced by humans.
Later, glassy, amorphous ceramic coatings were applied over the crystalline ceramic substrates to reduce porosity, resulting in smooth, colorful surfaces for ceramics.
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Which statement about exothermic reactions is true?
The reactants have more heat energy than the products.
The reactants have more heat energy than the products.
Energy from an outside source is continuously being added.
Energy from an outside source is continuously being added.
More heat is given off than is put into the reaction.
More heat is given off than is put into the reaction.
The reaction container always feels cold.
The reaction container always feels cold.
The statement true about Exothermic reaction is
The reactants have more heat energy than the products.
What is exothermic reaction ?
A chemical reaction that releases energy is called exothermic. In an exothermic reaction, more energy is released forming a bond in the product than is used to break the bond in the reactants. An exothermic reaction is accompanied by an increase in temperature of the reaction mixture.
If a reaction releases more energy than it absorbs, the reaction is exothermic and enthalpy will be negative. Think of this as an amount of heat leaving (or being subtracted from) the reaction. If a reaction absorbs or uses more energy than it releases, the reaction is endothermic, and enthalpy will be positive.
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when a 30.0 ml sample of a 0.461 m aqueous nitrous acid solution is titrated with a 0.467 m aqueous barium hydroxide solution, what is the ph at the midpoint in the titration?
The pH at midpoint in the titration will be 3.16
The pH at the midpoint of the titration (the half-equivalence point) will be equal to the pKa of nitrous acid i.e. 3.16. The calculation is quite simple as the Ka value is 4.0 x 10^-4. To find pKa = -log Ka.
Thus, pKa = -log (4.0 x 10^-4) = 3.16
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The molar mass of Na2SO4 is
142.04 g/mol.
What is the mass of 4.54 moles of
Na2SO4?
[?] g Na2SO4
The mass of 4.54 moles of Na₂SO₄, given that it has a molar mass of 142.04 g/mol is 644.77 grams
How do I determine the mass of Na₂SO₄?We know already that the mole of a substance is related to it's mass and molar mass according to the following equation:
Mole = mass / molar mass
Applying the above formula, we can obtain the mass of 4.54 moles of Na₂SO₄. This is illustrated below:
Molar mass of Na₂SO₄ = 142.02 g/mol Mole of Na₂SO₄ = 4.54 molesMass of Na₂SO₄ = ?Mole = mass / molar mass
4.54 = Mass of Na₂SO₄ / 142.02
Cross multiply
Mass of Na₂SO₄ = 4.54 × 142.02
Mass of Na₂SO₄ = 644.77 grams
Thus, the mass of 4.54 moles of Na₂SO₄ is 644.77 grams
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A sample of gas has a volume of 5.0 L and a pressure of 2.92 atm. If the final volume is 5.7 L, what is the final pressure of the gas?
Show your work in the work space below.
Hint: Use the equation for Boyle's Law
Can yall help me with this
Answer: B
Explanation:
B is the correct answer, but this is only because there is no other data to go off of to answer said question. It says "Other potentially dangerous asteroids" meaning that is what they intend to do.
if oxygen nitrogen and ozone did not absorb uv radiation, what would be the temperature profile in the atmosphere
If Ozone does not absorb UV radiation the temperature would rise enormously and the life on planet will be at risk.
This is because the Ozone layer covers the Earth and has the foremost function of absorbing and trapping the incoming UV and IR radiations, which if not absorbed can heat up the planet thereby increasing its overall temperature.
The non-entrapment of UV,IR rays will be futile to the biological contents of Earth and even cause fatalities to the abiotic components of the planet .Observations have shown that the increase in emission of greenhouse gases like Carbon dioxide, methane and synthetic chemicals like CFCs disrupted the Ozone layer eventually affecting the climate.
Ozone damage impact the climate primarily by fluctuating the temperature. The more ozone in a given quantity of air, the more heat it traps. Ozone generates heat in the stratosphere, both by absorbing the sun's UV radiation and by absorbing IR radiation from the lower layer of atmosphere.
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How did analyzing the chemical composition of the murder victim's bone help the detective identify the region of the world from which the victim came?
Please just answer in some educated way it doesnt have to be 100% correct
Each region has a different environment which can change the chemical composition of the body.
What information provides by studying the bones?Many of the skeletons have related to age, sex, ancestry, and cause of death. The remains of an individual with biological information are especially valuable. Forensic anthropologists have used skeletons to develop standards for identifying the sex, age, and ancestry of unknown remains of the body. Analyzing the chemical composition of the murder victim's bone, can help to identify the region of the world from which the victim came because each region has a different environment that can change the chemical composition of the body.
So we can conclude that analyzing the chemical composition of the murder victim's bone helps the researcher to identify the victim due to the environment in which the person was exposed.
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What does the Law of Electric Charges state?
Answer:
Things that are negatively charged and things that are positively charged pull on (attract) each other. This makes electrons and protons stick together to form atoms. Things that have the same charge push each other away (they repel each other). This is called the Law of Charges.
Explanation:
According to Coulomb, the electric force for charges at rest has the following properties: Like charges repel each other; unlike charges attract. Thus, two negative charges repel one another, while a positive charge attracts a negative charge.
Answer:
Like charges repel each other; unlike charges attract.
Explanation: