functions of national human rights commissions

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Answer 1

The National Human Rights Commission was established to foster extra-judicial human rights awareness, promotion, protection, and enforcement. In order to educate the public about human rights issues, it also offers forums for discussion.

What do you man by human rights?

Human rights, which are usually protected by both domestic and international law, are moral principles or rules for particular standards of human behavior.

Human rights cover a wide range of rights, such as the freedom from slavery and torture, the right to life and liberty, the freedom of speech, the right to a job and an education, among many more. These rights apply to everyone without exception.

Every person in the world, from conception to death, is entitled to some fundamental freedoms and rights. They hold true no matter who you are, what you believe, or how you live your life.

It's critical to comprehend that the Convention contains a variety of rights. There are specific absolute rights, qualified rights, and limited rights.

Rights to life, liberty, and personal safety. Right to freedom of religion, of conscience, and of thought Right to live and move about freely inside each State's boundaries. freedom of expression and of opinion.

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in the campaign to leave the eu, certain groups voted to stay and others voted to leave. what were two characteristics of those who wanted to leave?

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First, the vote reflects the worries of more "authoritarian," socially conservative voters about the social repercussions of EU membership, particularly in relation to immigration.

The second is that general public cynicism about politics was what prompted the vote. Because of this, rather than serving as a focal point for broader political unrest, the EU referendum can be seen as a test of the merits of the EU project and perhaps of globalization more generally.

Most commentators and many voters were shocked by the outcome of the European Union (EU) referendum, in which 52% of voters chose to leave the EU compared to 48% who remained. Although earlier chapters in the series had noted a rise in skepticism toward Europe, they had also indicated that the majority of voters were still inclined to stay in the EU (Curtice and Evans, 2015; Curtice, 2016). More often than not, skepticism was expressed in favor of the idea that Britain should stay in the EU while working to limit its authority rather than in opposition to continued membership in the EU outright.

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which of the following would sociologists do when undertaking a meta-analysis? a.) observe people interacting in their everyday environments b.) formulate a hypothesis and apply a method for testing it c.) evaluate all previous studies on a specific subject together d.) conduct in-depth, open-ended interviews to understand people's perspectives

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When conducting a meta-analysis, sociologists would evaluate all previous studies on a specific subject together.

Meta-analysis is a research process that uses statistical methods to calculate an overall or 'absolute' effect by systematically synthesising or merging the findings of single, independent studies.Meta-analysis does not simply combine data from smaller studies to increase the sample size. The following purposes would be served by meta-analysis: To establish statistical significance in studies with contradictory results. To develop a more accurate estimate of the magnitude of the effect. To provide a more comprehensive analysis of risks, safety data, and benefits. Meta-analysis is the statistical analysis of data from independent primary studies on the same question, with the goal of generating a quantitative estimate of the studied phenomenon.

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What role do executive departments and agencies play in fulfilling the constitutional duties of the executive branch?.

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The role played by executive departments and agencies in carrying out the constitutional responsibilities of the executive branch is that they translate laws passed by Congress into executable rules and procedures, they oversee daily operations of the federal government, and they regulate significant industries and organisations in accordance with the law.

The Executive Branch is under the supervision of the President of the United States, who also serves as head of state and military commander-in-chief. To implement and uphold the laws established by Congress, the President appoints the heads of all federal agencies, including the Cabinet. Being a part of the Executive Branch, the Vice President is equipped to assume the presidency in an emergency.

The Cabinet and autonomous federal agencies are in charge of carrying out and enforcing federal law on a daily basis. These divisions and organisations have objectives that are as dissimilar from one another as the Department of Defence's and the Environmental Protection Agency's, the Social Security Administration's and the Securities and Exchange Commission's, are.

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in japan, the vast majority of people are ethnically japanese, with common ancestral roots and deep ties to living on japanese islands; they speak japanese and engage in japanese culture. using this information, japan and its people are a good example of

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Japan's population is deeply rooted in its culture. It serves as a fantastic example of Deep culture.

Why is deep culture so important?

This is the most important cultural form because of its huge emotional impact on trust. It controls how we gain knowledge. This kind of culture affects our behavior in daily life and advances our desire for knowledge.

What instances from deep culture come to mind?

Considerations of power, marital and family dynamics, or ideas of time and private space are a few instances of deep cultural examples. By examining a culture's attitudes and norms, relationships and roles, and beliefs and values, we can learn more about these.

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jeans provide a good example of material culture that is adopted by a number of different societies. they are also an example of a. punk culture. b. popular culture. c. folk culture. d. white-collar culture.

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Jeans provide a good example of material culture that is adopted by a number of different societies. They are also an example of popular culture.

Members of a civilization typically understand popular culture, also known as mass culture or pop culture, as a collection of customs, ideas, and things that are prominent or dominant in that society at a certain moment. In addition to these prominent artefacts, popular culture also includes the behaviours and emotions brought on by interacting with them. Mass appeal, which is produced by what cultural analyst Theodor Adorno refers to as the "culture industry," is the main factor that propels popular culture.

These concepts, which are heavily affected by the media in current times, pervade people's daily lives in a particular society. Therefore, popular culture has a way of affecting how someone feels about a given subject. Pop culture, however, can be characterised in a number of ways. Popular culture can therefore be described in a wide range of contradictory ways by many individuals in disparate circumstances. It is typically considered in contrast to other cultural expressions like working-class culture, high culture, folk cults, and so forth, as well as from a variety of academic viewpoints like psychoanalysis, structuralism, postmodernism, and others. Entertainment (including movies, music, television, and video games), sports, news (as in persons and places in the news), politics, fashion, technology, and slang are the common pop-culture categories.

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the federalist papers were a. a series of essays written in support of the new constitution. b. a series of proposed amendments to the articles of confederation. c. a collection of legal documents distributed to the delegates of each state. d. a collection of pamphlets against creating a strong federal government.

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The Federalist Papers were a series of essays written in support of the new constitution.

What are the Federalist Papers?

The Federalist Papers are a group of 85 essays and articles written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay under the pen name "Publius" to encourage ratification of the United States Constitution. Before the name The Federalist Papers was coined in the 20th century, the collection was widely referred to as The Federalist.

Between October 1787 and April 1788, the Independent Journal, the New York Packet, and Daily Advertiser serialized the first 77 of these writings. These 77 essays, together with eight others, were collected and published in two volumes as The Federalist: A Collection of Essays, Written in Favor of New Constitution, as Agreed Upon by the Federal Convention, September 17, 1787, by publishing house J. & A. In March and May of 1788, McLean.

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According to the excerpt from the "four freedoms" speech, why is national unity critical for the present situation?.

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According to the excerpt from the four freedoms speech, national unity is critical for the present situation as national unity is the strongest possible defense against an enemy. (Option C)

National unity refers to the situation in which individuals from diverse social, cultural, political, and economic backgrounds cooperate and work together for the collective good of the state. It is usually a cultural power that is instituted by the state and deployed by the media to illustrate national belonging. The significance of national unity in modern nation state it that it facilitates a national consensus in an easier and faster manner which promotes the rate of national development. The Four Freedoms speech entailed the goals that were articulated by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt which included Freedom of speech, freedom of worship, freedom from want, and freedom from fear which should be available to everyone. These symbolized the America's war goal providing hope to war-wearied people because they knew they were fighting for freedom. Hence, the sense of national unity united the people against the enemy and carries the same significance in the present situation.

Note: The question is incomplete as it does not include options. The options are a. National unity will allow the government to enforce special wartime laws. b. National unity will lead to economic equality across all social ranks. c. National unity is the strongest possible defense against an enemy. d. National unity will make full civil rights secure for all Americans.

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negative feelings of inferiority and resentment that arise when people compare themselves with other people or groups who have something they want are referred to as .

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Negative feelings of inferiority and resentment that arise when people compare themselves with other people or groups who have something they want are referred to as envy.

The frequently painful emotion of envy is defined as being aware of another person's privilege. It is a multifaceted, socially unacceptable emotion that consists of a blend of inferiority complexes, animosity and resentment. Unlike admiration, which is joy and approval motivated by another person, envy fosters a competitive urge to outdo the envied person and, in certain situations, even bring them down. Envy is also different from jealousy. Envy includes two parties and happens when one person lacks an enjoyment that the other party has. Three persons are usually involved in jealousy, which happens when someone is afraid of losing someone to a rival, usually a romantic partner.

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piper shot herself by placing the gun barrel in her mouth, in the middle of a dense wood, where she knew she wouldn't be heard or found. piper is an example of what edwin shneidman refers to as a:

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piper shot herself by placing the gun barrel in her mouth, in the middle of a dense wood, where she knew she wouldn't be heard or found. piper is an example of what edwin shneidman refers to as a death seeker.

How do you get the death-seeker in forbidden West?

In order to buy Death-Seeker's Shadow, you will need to compete in Arena Challenges. You free up the Arena after completing the Main Quest, The Kulrut. Speak to Kalla and complete the Quest Opening the Arena, and then you will be able to compete in Arena Challenges and earn Arena Medals.

Is Aloy a seeker or death-seeker?

Horizon Zero Dawn's protagonist, Aloy, is unique amongst the Nora tribe, having executed the popularity of Seeker-- an explorer of forbidden lands.

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the majority of sexually active people will be exposed to a hpv virus in their lifetime. select one: a. true b. unclear c. false

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Option a; True the majority of sexually active people will be exposed to a hpv virus in their lifetime.

Any group of individuals taken collectively is referred to as a people.

The phrase "public" or "common mass of people" is used in politics and law to refer to the collective or community of an ethnic group, a nation, to the public or common mass of citizens of a polity. In light of this, it is a notion found in human rights law, international law, and constitutional law, and it is notably applied to claims of popular sovereignty. In 1965, San Jose, California-based rock group People! had a single hit. With their summertime hit single "I Love You," they experienced their biggest chart triumph. The song, which Chris White, the bassist for The Zombies, wrote, reached at No. 1, reaching the top spot in Israel, Australia, South Africa, the Philippines, Israel twice, Japan once.

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which of the following is a key tenet of symbolic interactionism? a.) people assign different meanings to different things and respond accordingly. b.) people often compete for social, material, and political resources such as food and housing. c.) people make everyday life decisions independent of the greater social context. d.) people living in a society respond in a similar manner to social pressures.

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A key tenet of symbolic interactionism people assign different meanings to different things and respond accordingly.

What fundamental idea underpins symbolic interactionism?

The fundamental tenet of symbolic interactionism is that only the interchange of meaningful communication or symbols can make human behavior and interaction understood. This method portrays people as behaving rather than as being acted upon.

Which of the following represents a symbolic interactionism application?

Human life is lived in the symbolic sphere, according to the core tenet of symbolic interactionism. Symbols are social artifacts with shared meanings that are culturally formed and developed via social interaction.

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what is the tendency for individuals to not help someone in need if other people are around? multiple choice question. fundamental attribution error elaboration likelihood altruism bystander effect

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The tendency for individuals to not help someone in need if other people are around bystander effect.

What makes people less likely to assist someone in need if others are present?

The bystander effect refers to how the presence of other people makes someone less likely to assist a stranger. According to research, even in an emergency, a bystander is less likely to offer assistance when they are in the actual or imagined company of others than when they are by themselves.

Which of the following strategies helps people stay away from persuasion?

The "inoculation" method is the most popular strategy for helping people defend against unwelcome persuasion.

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How did Napoleon inspire nationalism?

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Napoleon Bonaparte promoted French nationalism based upon the ideals of the French Revolution such as the idea of "liberty, equality, fraternity" and justified French expansionism and French military campaigns on the claim that France had the right to spread the enlightened ideals of the French Revolution across Europe, and also to expand France into its so-called "natural borders." Napoleon's invasions of other nations had the effect of spreading the concept of nationalism outside of France.

some babies produce contradictory behaviors in the strange situation test, both showing some signs of approaching the mother when stressed but then avoiding the mother when she approaches. these babies often engage in bizarre behaviors as well, like rising to greet the parent and then falling prone. such unusual behavior has been found to be associated with what kind of caregiving on the part of the mother?

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Such unusual behavior in which babies show some signs of approaching the mother when stressed but then avoiding the mother when she approaches can be associated with abusive caregiving on the part of the mother.

In the field of sociology, such behavioral acts in which you tend to care for a person but at the same time show abusive behavior is referred to as abusive caregiving.

Research has shown that children who encounter the abusive caregiving nature of their parents do not rely on their parents for any kind of help or will feel hesitant to ask them for help.

In the scenario above, the babies wanted to approach their mother when in stress but got scared of the abusive nature that would come along with the help from their mothers.

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Why are republican and democratic politicians more likely to respond to the wealthy?.

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The republican and democratic politicians are more likely to respond to the wealthy because the wealthy are more likely to contribute money to campaigns, The wealthy vote at higher rates.

Republican and Democratic politicians often have a friendly relationship with wealthy people of their own and other countries.

The wealthy people are more likely to provide benefits of some kind to the politicians due to which the politicians listen to the wealthy people and might ignore those who are not wealthy.

Wealthy people often give a high amount of money for political campaigns due to which the politicians are friendly with them. Also, wealthy people are more likely to vote as compared to non-wealthy ones. The non-wealthy people might have their own life troubles to focus on rather than voting.

Although a part of your question is missing, you might be referring to this question:

Why are republican and democratic politicians more likely to respond to the wealthy?

-The wealthy are more likely to contribute money to campaigns.

-The wealthy vote at higher rates.

-The poor typically vote at higher rates but are more prone to single-issue voting.

-The wealthy generally have better policy ideas and are better able to articulate these ideas to government officials.

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what is the purpose of queer theory? group of answer choices to question the ways society perceives and experiences sex, gender, and sexuality. to determine whether sexual orientation is a product of nature or nurture. to examine the genetic differences between the heterosexual population and homosexual population. to purpose a series of federal laws that will put an end to many social inequalities.

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Queer theory's objective putting into doubt how society views and experiences sex, gender, and sexuality.

Quillet's queer theory definition?

According to queer theory, there are many different sexual orientations that can exist, hence sexuality is not binary (straight or gay). Furthermore, QT views sexuality as performative and malleable; it is not something you possess but rather something you do over time.

What distinguishes gender from sexual orientation?

The regional office of the World Health Organization in Europe states that gender is based on socially formed traits, whereas sex is defined by biological attributes. They acknowledge that there are differences in how people perceive and express their gender, as well as how they behave.

Which of the following statements most accurately describes how sex and gender differ?

Gender is a biological construct, whereas sex is a social construct.

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the unspoken and often unrecognized lessons that children learn in school, which are the unofficial, unstated, or implicit rules and priorities that influence the academic curriculum and every other aspect of learning in school, are called the group of answer choices whole language theory territorial imperative hidden curriculum socioeconomic divide

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The unspoken and often unrecognized lessons that children learn in school, which are the unofficial, unstated, or implicit rules and priorities that influence the academic curriculum and every other aspect of learning in school, are called the hidden curriculum which means option C should be the right answer.

It is essential for the child to get overall development of body and mind which is possible only if they are well exposed to what curriculum demands from them and also holistic learning. Not every child has a brain which could interpret things in one go, such students need special classes and making them learn new ideas and providing them information through informal means or unstated rules could be beneficial. However, special care must be given to the methodology adopted to ensure that the child is not overburdened, and no negative aspects of social life is being forcefully imposed on them.

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Which of the following is not reason civics is important? It teaches you how to avoid paying taxes. It teaches you how to influence government. It trains you to participate in society.

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The reason civics is important is because it teaches you how to avoid paying taxes.

What are taxes?

Taxes are compulsory contributions that a government agency, whether local, regional, or federal, imposes on people or businesses. Public works and services like roads and schools, as well as programmes like Social Security and Medicare, are funded by tax income.

There are two different kinds of taxes, namely direct taxes and indirect taxes. Both taxes are applied differently. Some of them are paid directly by the taxpayer, such as the dreaded income tax, corporate tax, wealth tax, etc., while others are paid in another way, such as sales tax, service tax, value added tax, etc.

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preston and mei are about to become grandparents for the first time. they believe that grandparenthood is highly important because they will leave behind not just one but two generations after death. which gratifications of grandparenthood is probably most important to them?

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The gratification of grandparenthood that is most important for Preston and Mei is immortality through descendants.

Preston and may believe that grandparent truth is highly important because they will leave behind not just one but two generation after death.

This statement implies that the gratification of immortality through descendants is very important for both of them. The person can die but the symbolic history of the family continues to live along with the generations to come.

If Preston and Mei entitles their grandparents with their stories and their experiences of life, then their grandparents will emphasize the family history, the memories of their family and the philosophy of their grandparents which they would acquired by their grandparents.

This is the reason why Preston and Mei believes that grandparent hood is very important because they are living not only one but two generations after their deaths.

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in some countries, women who have been sexually assaulted have been sentenced to punishment for having violated a law against adultery. this best illustrates: the blame-the-victim phenomenon. the effect of stereotypes. ingroup bias. social-cultural influences on aggression.

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In some countries, women who have been sexually assaulted have been sentenced to punishment for having violated law against adultery. This best illustrates the blame the victim phenomenon.

Blame the victim phenomenon is the condition when society blames the person who themselves are the victims of trauma or tragedy to hide the bad circumstances that prevail in the society. It was developed by psychologist William Ryan. It was initially adopted to highlight the injustice of racism and social inequalities against the African American people in United States. In this case, victims of crime are often the worst held people and the entire fault is counted on the heads of the victim. For example: The sole person to blame for any atrocities occurring with any person is the perpetrator but this society puts the entire blame on the victim, calling it fault of her dressing or appealing body.

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Identify the statements that describe the militant abolitionism movement in the united states.

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The new generation of abolitionists advocated an instant end to slavery instead of the customary method of gradual liberation is the statement that best describes the abolitionist movement. ( Statement 1 )

- More about the abolitionist movement :

- During the abolitionist movement, a concerted effort was undertaken to end slavery in the United States. The movement's early founders copied some of the tactics that British abolitionists had employed in the 1830s to abolish slavery in Great Britain. The movement ran from roughly 1830 until 1870.

- Their efforts turned out to be very successful. Slavery was brought to light by abolitionists, who also made it difficult to ignore. They widened the chasm that had already been threatening to split the country apart even before the Constitutional Convention.

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- The complete question is -

Identify the statements that describe the militant abolitionism movement in the United States.

Statement 1 - The new generation of abolitionists rejected the traditional approach of gradual emancipation and demanded immediate abolition.

Statement 2 - Nearly all abolitionists insisted that economic, civil, and political rights should be enjoyed equally by all people in the United States, without regard to race.

What is a democratic method of allowing every member to have input into the final decision called?.

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Participative leadership is an organizational approach in which all team members collaborate to reach choices.

Participative leadership: what is it?

A participative leader is one that listens to their team members and includes them in the choice process. It necessitates having an inclusive perspective, effective communication abilities, and the willingness to share power.

What is an illustration of participative leadership?

The term "participatory leadership" or "democratic leadership" is occasionally used to describe participatory leadership since management teams actively encourage employee participation. For instance, a firm executive who practices participative leadership seeks to involve all team members in decision-making. A participative leadership style is an approach to direction that encourages high levels of relationships and low levels of task behavior and aids followers in problem-solving.

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the flashing red light on the multiline telephone operator's phone reminded him that there was an important call waiting to be transferred. the flashing light served as a cue for his: please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button. memory block. memory bias. transience. prospective memory.

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The flashing red light on the multi-line telephone operator's phone reminded him that there was an important call waiting to be transferred. The flashing light served as a cue for his prospective memory. The correct answer is option(d).

Prospective memory is a form of thought that includes remembering to act on a projected operation or recall a planned goal at a few future stages. Prospective thought tasks are prevailing in day-to-day growth and range from nearly plain to extreme essential situations.

Memory has a fundamental act in history, indicating ancient times as ancient times, and contributing to the likelihood of reusing all past and present occurrences, in addition to helping to guarantee continuity between what was and what was made use of being. The flashing red light on the multi-line telephone operator's phone reminded him that there was an important call waiting to be transferred. The flashing light served as a cue for his prospective memory.

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eight-year-old jeannie thinks that she is a good friend. she explains that she is popular because she helps other people and smiles at people. she understands that when she is in a bad mood she is more likely to be rude, but she apologizes afterward. what is jeannie describing?

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This description is about social comparison.

Social comparison is the practise of comparing some features of ourselves to those of other people in order to gain a more accurate understanding of who we are.

By comparing oneself to others, we can better comprehend our standing in terms of skill, opinion, emotional response, and other factors. This is a common behaviour technique. In order to assess if we are "on track," social comparison can be helpful. However, it can also be quite destructive and lead to negative ideas and behaviours.

Social comparisons may have the opposite impact of what is intended—that is, they can cause us to compare our actions to unattainable standards and so lower our self-esteem—instead of helping us evaluate our skills and opinions in contrast to a realistic, reachable benchmark (or role model).

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select all that apply researchers have focused attention on which three possible components of moral personality?

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Researchers have focused their attention on these three possible components of moral personality:

Moral identityMoral character Moral exemplars

Moral identity is commonly defined as the extent to which moral concerns (for example, justice, caring, and generosity) are central to one's identity (i.e., your sense of who you are). It is a relatively new concept, with psychologists developing slightly different interpretations.

Moral character can be defined as an individual's proclivity to think, feel, and act ethically versus unethically, or as a subset of individual differences relevant to morality.

A moral exemplar is someone who demonstrates exceptional moral behavior in the face of difficult or demanding circumstances. Moral exemplars frequently go above and beyond what is minimal, required, ordinary, or even extraordinary. A moral exemplar is someone who is treated or seen as a role model for others.

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Complete question :

select all that apply researchers have focused attention on which three possible components of moral personality? a. Moral identity b. Moral character c. Moral exemplars

in the electoral competition voting model of democratic elections, how do unified parties compete for votes? a. by taking the middle-of-the-road position b. by taking the least controversial position c. by taking the least popular position d. by taking the most popular position

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in the electoral competition voting model of democratic elections in the electoral competition voting model of democratic elections.

Representative democracy also called indirect democracy, is a form of democracy in which elected individuals represent groups of individuals, as opposed to direct democracy.

The United States is a representative democracy. This means our government is elected by the citizens. This is where citizens choose their government officials. These officials represent citizens' ideas and concerns in government.

Elections provide an important opportunity to advance democratization and promote political liberalization. Free and fair elections require certain civil liberties such as freedom of speech, association and assembly.

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the difficulty that men and women face managing their home/personal lives and their work lives is known as what?

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Work-life conflict is the difficulties that both men and women have juggling their personal and professional lives.

Conflict between work and family or work and life arises when the combined demands of these various job and non-work responsibilities are incompatible in certain ways, making it harder to participate in one position as a result of engagement in the other.

Workplace conflict happens when there is disagreement among employees as a result of different interests, viewpoints, personalities, or ideologies. Conflict in the workplace is unavoidable and is to be expected when individuals with different backgrounds and points of view collaborate.

Business progress can result from constructive conflicts and discussions. Even though conflict is occasionally viewed negatively, a healthy amount of workplace conflict may be helpful for the growth of a business.

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why continually tracking students with reading disabilities in ability groups or self-separate reading situations might affect their ability to develop reading fluency.

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Continually tracking students with reading disabilitiy in ability groups because reading fluency encompasses the speed or rate of reading, as well as the ability to read materials with expression.

Something encompassing completely encloses or surrounds the subject of the other. For instance, an island might be found surrounded by waves of the sea. Both things that literally encircle something and things that are so large that they appear to do so can be described as encompassing. Physical handicap. Having trouble moving. Leprosy-Free Person. "Cerebral palsy."

inability to reason. special learning difficulties. autism spectrum condition.

Mental illness (disability) brought on by persistent neurological conditions like multiple sclerosis Parkinson's illness Disability is the presence of any condition that makes it harder for someone to engage in specific activities or enjoy equal access in a given society.

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dr. manquero forms the hypothesis that elementary school children ingesting chocolate prior to a spelling test will improve performance. she gives half of her participants chocolate and the other half gum. she then gives the participants a spelling test. in this experiment what is the dependent variable? child psy

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In this experiment, the performance on the exam is the dependent variable.

Researchers frequently maneuver or measure independent and dependent variables in studies to test cause-and-effect relationships. The free changeable is the cause. Its profit is free of additional variables in your study. The reliant changing is the effect. Its worth depends on changes in the free changing.

Dependent variables are a fundamental part of transporting research studies. Researchers use contingent change to study a theory and further their research. Learning by what method to recognize and pick a weak changeable can help you start persuasive studies. Independent variables influence the profit of different variables; reliant variables are affected in advantage by different variables.

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jenny, mark, shelly, abigail, and nate are working on a group project for their psychology class. they will all receive the same grade for the project. while shelly, nate, and abigail have been working hard on the assignment, jenny and mark have done very little. which aspect of social loafing applies to jenny and mark's lack of work?

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For their psychology class, Jenny, Mark, Shelly, Abigail, and Nate are collaborating on a project. For the project, they'll all get the same grade. Jenny and Mark haven't contributed much to the project, whereas Shelly, Nate, and Abigail have been working hard on it. Jenny and Mark are engaging in social loafing because they are benefiting from the other group members' labours without contributing their own.

According to social psychology, social loafing is the tendency for an individual to put in less effort when working in a group than when working alone to accomplish a task. It is seen as one of the primary causes of groups occasionally being less productive than the sum of their members' individual efforts. Rope pulling tests by Ringelmann, who discovered that persons alone tended to expend more effort while pulling a rope, served as the basis for early research on social loafing. Studies using contemporary technology, such as online and distributed groups, have also clearly demonstrated social loafing in more recent study. The belief among group members that their individual efforts will not matter to the group is one of the main reasons for social loafing.

Several tactics could be suggested to reduce social loafing inside a group. The main cause of social loafing is a person's reduced effort, which can be caused by either conscious or unconscious loss of social awareness. Miguel Herraez did research on pupils in which he employed accountability and cooperation when it was discovered that there was unequal involvement to lessen the likelihood of this occurring. The students were urged to participate equally in the project and identify potential points of contention. The study's findings revealed that lowering social loafing involved supporting group members who lacked commitment and giving others opportunities for independence. Supporting the less able pupils raises their status and benefits the other students as well.

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