The amount of DNA that needs to be extracted for a given analysis depends on the type of analysis being performed and the quality of the DNA sample.
In general, the more DNA that is extracted, the better the data will be. However, there is a point of diminishing returns, where extracting more DNA than is necessary does not significantly improve the data.
For example, for PCR-based techniques, such as quantitative PCR (qPCR) or restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, as little as a few nanograms (ng) of DNA may be sufficient.
For sequencing-based techniques, such as whole genome sequencing (WGS) or targeted sequencing, at least micrograms (µg) of DNA are needed. However, the amount required can vary depending on the type of sequencing technology used and the coverage desired.
For most applications, it is recommended to extract at least 1-5 micrograms of DNA. This amount would ensure that there is enough DNA for downstream applications such as PCR-based techniques and sequencing-based techniques, and it would also provide a good buffer in case of DNA degradation or loss during the extraction process.
Complete question:
How much DNA must be extracted to provide sufficient data for a specific analysis or study?
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when a male horse is bred with a female donkey, the offspring is called what?
What research methods are used in Behaviouralism?
Behaviourist researchers used experimental methods (puzzle box, operant conditioning or Skinner box, Little Albert experiment) to investigate learning processes.
Behaviouralism (or behavioralism) is a political science method that arose in the 1930s in the United States. It marked a significant departure from prior approaches by emphasising an objective, quantifiable approach to explaining and forecasting political behaviour. It is linked to the emergence of the behavioural sciences, which are fashioned after the natural sciences. Behaviouralism promises to be able to explain political behavior from such an impartial, neutral standpoint.
Behaviouralists strive to investigate and explain the behaviour, activities, and acts of people and groups in various social circumstances, rather than the features of institutions such as legislatures, executive branches, and judiciaries. Behaviouralism investigates how individuals act genuinely in group situations rather than the way they should behave. A study of the United States Congress, for example, would involve an examination of how members of Congress behave in their roles. The focus is on how Congress becomes an "arena of activities," as well as the surrounding official and informal realms of influence.
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scientists working in the fields of both genetics and archaeology have made discoveries that help us understand the origin of maize. which statement(s) best reflect the way(s) each discipline's work support evidence generated by the other?
The statement(s) best reflect the way(s) each genetics and archaeology's work support evidence generated by the other are :
-genetic data indicated the possible location of the first maize domestication, allowing archaeologists to locate ancient maize archaeological evidence in caves.
-geneticists utilized DNA data to estimate when maize was domesticated; archaeologists confirmed the result by timing maize microfossils.
Archaeologists discovered microfossils on crushing rocks that matched the era of the first maize anticipated by DNA research, which led them to a specific area to hunt for traces of maize domestication.
Archaeologists discovered microfossils on grinding stones that matched the age of the first maize anticipated by DNA research, which led them to a specific area to hunt for evidence of maize domestication. Scientists examined DNA data to identify the origin of maize using archaeological and genetic evidence.
Archaeologists investigate maize fossils found in caves to identify the domestication of maize.
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which term describes the relatively constant internal physical conditions of an organism and its cell?
Answer: Homeostasis
Explanation: Homeostasis is the ability of an organism or a cell to maintain relatively constant internal physical conditions despite changes in the external environment. This includes maintaining a stable internal environment, such as a specific range of body temperature, blood sugar levels, and pH. Homeostasis is essential for the survival and proper functioning of an organism and its cells.
It is accomplished through a complex network of physiological processes, such as feedback mechanisms, that work together to detect and respond to changes in the environment. These mechanisms help to balance the various physiological systems to maintain a stable internal environment, which is necessary for the normal functioning of cells and the organism as a whole.
Which of these statements describes a function of fontanels?
A. Fontanels protect the brain as the young child begins to walk.
B. Fontanels allow the fetal skull to be compressed slightly during childbirth.
C. Fontanels compress the brain so that it will not grow too fast during infancy.
D. Fontanels connect regions of the developing brain.
Fontanelles allow the fetal skull to be compressed slightly during childbirth-describes a function of fontanelles.
A fontanelle is a membrane-covered "soft area" that develops in a newborn where two sutures join (fontanel). During the first year of a baby's life, the fontanelles allow for the formation of the brain and skull.
On a newborn's skull, there are often numerous fontanelles. They are mostly found on the sides, back, and top of the head. Fontanelles form closed, solid bone regions as they age, just like the sutures do.
Most frequently, by the time a baby is 1 to 2 months old, the fontanelle in the rear of the skull (posterior fontanelle) shuts.
The anterior fontanelle, located at the top of the head, typically shuts between 7 and 19 months.
When touched, the fontanelles ought to feel strong and very slightly inwardly curled. When the brain fills with fluid or swells, increasing pressure inside the skull, a tight or bulging fontanelle results. The fontanelles may appear to be swollen when the baby is sobbing, lying down, or throwing up. When the baby is relaxed and lying on his or her back, though, they ought to go back to normal.
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Why starch is preferred for storage in plants?
Starch is really a polysaccharide that is not soluble in water, which means it has no effect on how water travels into or out of plants, allowing plants to store massive amounts of starch inside their cells.
Starch seems to be a polysaccharide and complex carbohydrate composed of a chain of covalently linked glucose molecules. Pure starch is a tasteless, odorless, white powder produced from plants that accounts for a major component of modern human meals. Most green plants produce starch to store extra glucose produced during photosynthesis.
Glycogen is a more highly branched polymer containing glucose monomers that functions as an energy storage molecule in mammals. Glycogen is predominantly produced and stored in liver and muscle cells. When they need to absorb more energy than they have readily accessible from photosynthesis, they trap glucose as part of a carbohydrate molecule or break off smaller glucose units.
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Which sentence from the excerpt best illustrates Noah’s conflict? "Is Joey writing a B & B to Grandma and Grandpa Eberle?" She explained—not too patiently—that a B & B letter is a bread and butter letter you write to people to thank them for having you as their houseguest. My brother Joey had been sent to my other set of grandparents, who live in a normal suburb in Connecticut. My mother insisted that I write a B & B letter to my grandparents
The sentence best illustrates Noah's conflict "My mother insisted that I write a B & B letter to my grandparents."
This sentence best illustrates Noah's conflict as it shows that he is in disagreement with his mother's expectation for him to write a letter to his grandparents, possibly indicating that he does not want to do it or is frustrated with the task.
E. L. Konigsburg's elementary school book The View from Saturday tells the tale of Mrs. Olinksi's academic bowl team. The sixth-graders don't seem like the kind of kids who would be friends, but as the novel progresses, we gradually understand how these students come to be friends and work as a team. The narrative is distinctive in that it alternates between the perspectives of each pupil and Mrs. Olinksi, giving the tale a dynamic quality.
The complete question is:-
Use “The View from Saturday” to answer questions 1-5. Which sentence from the excerpt best illustrates Noah’s conflict? “Is Joey writing a B & B to Grandma and Grandpa Eberle?” She explained—not too patiently—that a B & B letter is a bread and butter letter you write to people to thank them for having you as their houseguest. My brother Joey had been sent to my other set of grandparents, who live in a normal suburb in Connecticut. My mother insisted that I write a B & B letter to my grandparents.
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A cell is in equilibrium with its surrounding at 30° C. The molarity of the surrounding sucrose solution is 0.5M. If the cell has a sucrose concentration of 0.2M, what is the pressure potential of the cell?
Need to find:
Solute potential of solution
Solute potential of cell
Pressure potential of cell
Need to show all work
A cell is in equilibrium with its surroundings at 30 °C, and the molarity of the surrounding sucrose solution is 0.5 M, so the pressure potential of the cell is 0.11 J/mol, the solute potential of the cell is -0.62 J/mol, and the solute potential of the solution is -0.51 J/mol.
What is the potential of the solutions?The solute potential of the solution is -RT/nF, where R is the gas constant, T is the temperature, n is the number of ions, and F is the Faraday constant, n=2. Here, the solute concentration is,
Ψs = -(8.31 J/mol.K ×(303 K)) / (2×96485.3329 J/V× mol) × ln(0.5 M)
Ψs = -0.51 J/mol
solute potential of cell =Ψs= -RT/nF × ln[sucrose concentration]
Ψs= (8.31 J/mol.K ×(303 K)) / (2×96485.3329 J/V× mol) × ln(0.2 M)
Ψs= -0.62 J/mol
Pressure potential of cell= Ψp= solution - Ψs of cell
Ψp= -0.51 J/mol - (-0.62 J/mol)= 0.11 J/mol
Hence, a cell is in equilibrium with its surroundings at 30 °C, and the molarity of the surrounding sucrose solution is 0.5 M, so the pressure potential of the cell is 0.11 J/mol, the solute potential of the cell is -0.62 J/mol, and the solute potential of the solution is -0.51 J/mol.
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The notation for sodium chloride, NaCl, stands for one:
molecule
crystal
formula unit
atom
One example of a formula unit is the notation for sodium chloride, NaCl.
The empirical formula of any ionic or covalent network solid compound used as an independent entity for stoichiometric calculations is referred to as a formula unit. It is the ionic compound with the lowest whole number ratio of ions. [Citation required] Ionic NaCl and K2O are two examples, as are covalent networks such as SiO2 and C. (as diamond or graphite).
Ionic compounds do not exist as individual molecules; thus, a formula unit indicates the compound's lowest reduced ratio of ions.
The NaCl compound's formula mass unit is Formula Mass Unit = Number of Moles x Atomic Mass of Na + Number of Moles x Atomic Mass of Cl.
1 x 23 + 1 x 35.5
= 58.5u is the formula mass unit. The NaCl formula mass unit is 58.5u or 58.5 amu.
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which of the events is least likely to produce recombinant chromosomes?
The rate of recombination decreases as two genes become more closely related to one another as it is less probable that a crossing event will occur between them. The rate of recombination decreases as two genes become more closely related to one another as it's less probable that a crossing event will occur between them.
When homologous chromosomes align in pairs and exchange DNA segments during prophase I of meiosis, one of the most notable instances of recombination occurs. Which one of the following circumstances will cause recombination between genes that are linked? chromosomal exchanges brought on by gene crossovers. The more apart two genetic markers are thought to be, the more frequently they recombinate (segregate). On the other hand, the physical separation between both the markers decreases as the rate of recombination among them decreases. Dual crossover events are produced at significantly lower frequencies in some organisms due to crossover interference, which limits the amount of crossover occurrences for each individual chromosome.
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the composition of a polynomial function and another polynomial function will be a ___ function.
The composition of a polynomial function and another polynomial function will be a composite function.
A function is composed in mathematics when two functions, f and g, are used to create a new function, h, such that h(x) = g{f(x)}. In this instance, the function of x is being applied to the function of g. So, in essence, a function is an application of the result of another function. These functions are primarily polynomial functions. Thus, two polynomial functions combine to give rise to composite function.
Expressions with polynomial functions can include constants, variables with various degrees, coefficients, and positive exponents. Below are a few illustrations of polynomial functions. The simplest, most widely applied, and most significant mathematical function is a polynomial. With certain restrictions, these functions represent algebraic expressions. Example of a polynomial function:
f(x) = 3[tex]x^{2}[/tex] - 5
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Which description properly describes a step involved in cellular respiration?
Cellular respiration is a complex process that involves a series of steps that convert glucose and oxygen into energy in the form of ATP. One of the steps involved in cellular respiration is glycolysis.
Glycolysis is the process of breaking down a glucose molecule into two molecules of pyruvate. It takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell and is the first step in cellular respiration. During glycolysis, the six-carbon glucose molecule is split into two three-carbon molecules of pyruvate. This process also generates a small amount of ATP, as well as NADH, which is used later in the process.
Another step involved in cellular respiration is the citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle. This process takes place in the mitochondria and is the second step in cellular respiration. The cycle starts with the conversion of acetyl-CoA, which is derived from pyruvate, into citrate. Through a series of reactions, the citrate is broken down into CO2 and H2O, and the energy released is used to generate ATP, as well as NADH and FADH2.Finally, the last step in cellular respiration is the electron transport chain. This process takes place in the inner mitochondrial membrane and is the final step in cellular respiration.
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What is the best evidence that two organism share a common evolutionary ancestry
The best evidence that two organisms share a common evolutionary ancestry is the presence of homologous structures, which are structures that have a similar underlying structure or function but may have different outward appearances.
What is the ancestry about?Homologous structures indicate that the organisms have a common ancestor that possessed that structure and passed it on to its descendants through evolution.
Another evidence is the presence of analogous structures, which are structures that have a similar function but do not share a common ancestor, this is a convergent evolution, and not a shared ancestry.
In summary, Homologous structures, genetic similarity, and shared developmental pathways are the best evidence that two organisms share a common evolutionary ancestry.
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Suppose that instead of consuming small fish, the mackerel begins to consume small amounts of leftover plastic polluting the ocean. Describe the impact that this would have on the Mackerel, Snapper Fish and Large Shark populations. Explain your reasoning.
Answer:
It creates a bigger food chain
Explanation:
small quantities of spilled acids can be made safe with
Answer:
sodium bicarbonate solution
Explanation:
Sodium bicarbonate solution, otherwise known as baking soda, neutralizes acid spills with a lower chance of injury than if you use strong bases, such as sodium hydroxide, to neutralize acids, especially strong acids.
what is the medical term for the time period before menopause, during which the menstrual periods may be irregular?
Answer:
perimenopause means "around menopause"
How do you stop knee pain in old age?
There are several things that can be done to help reduce or manage knee pain in old age, including Exercise, Physical therapy, Medications, and Assistive devices.
Exercise: Low-impact exercises such as swimming, cycling, or walking can help maintain strength and flexibility in the knee joint. Weight management: Maintaining a healthy weight can help reduce the stress on the knee joints and reduce pain.
Physical therapy: A physical therapist can design an exercise program and provide hands-on treatment to help alleviate pain and improve knee function.
Assistive devices: Canes, walkers, or knee braces can help reduce the stress on the knee joint and alleviate pain. Knee Injections: Depending on the diagnosis and severity of the knee pain, injection of cortisone or hyaluronic acid can help alleviate pain and improve function.
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list the general steps in designing and conducting an experiment
The general steps in designing and conducting an experiment are: Establish your hypothesis, test your hypothesis by conducting an experiment, make an observation, analyze the results and draw a conclusion.
What are general steps in designing and conducting an experiment?The first step in designing an experiment is to identify the research question or hypothesis that you want to test. Select an appropriate experimental design as there are many different types of experimental designs.Identify the independent and dependent variablesControl extraneous variables that could affect the outcome of the experiment, but are not of interest.Select a sample of participants or subjects for your experiment.Once the experimental design is in place, it is time to conduct the experiment.Collect data from the experiment and analyze it using appropriate statistical techniques.Draw conclusions and make recommendations: Use the results of the experiment to draw conclusions and make recommendations.Communicate the results of the experiment through a research report, scientific paper, or presentation.To know more about experiment design, refer
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Which sentence best explains how a lake forms?
A. Standing water covers coastal areas for most of the year.
B. Water moves underground through cracks in rock formations.
C. Surface water runs downhill and fills large depressions in the
ground.
D. Water runs off the land in narrow channels after it rains.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
small appendage attached to cecum. has no known function in humans.
appendix, formally vermiform appendix, in anatomy, a vestigial hollow tube that is closed at one end and is attached at the other end to the cecum, a pouchlike beginning of the large intestine into which the small intestine empties its contents.
(Hopefully this helps!)
red blood cells contain a higher concentration of potassium than the surrounding blood plasma does. this higher concentration is maintained by the process of
active transport, which moves potassium ions from the plasma across the cell membrane and into the cell. The process of active transport is dependent on the presence of a protein.
What is the protein ?
Protein is an essential macronutrient that is essential for human health and well-being. It is an essential component of every cell in the body and plays a vital role in a wide variety of metabolic processes. Protein provides the body with amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins, and are necessary for growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues. Protein is also important for the production of hormones and enzymes, which help regulate various body functions. Protein is found in a variety of foods, including meat, fish, eggs, dairy, nuts, and legumes. Eating enough protein is essential for good health, and can help to promote muscle growth and recovery, reduce appetite and cravings, and promote healthy blood sugar levels.
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Fragments of copied DNA created on the lagging strand is called
Fragments of copied DNA created on the lagging strand is called Okazaki fragments, and they play a key role in helping cells replicate their genetic information.
To understand how this works, we have to look at what’s known as DNA replication - the process by which a cell makes an exact copy of its genetic material. During replication, each strand of the double helix unzips and acts as a template for creating a new complimentary strand. On the leading strand, this happens in one continuous piece; however on the lagging strand it occurs in pieces, which are known as Okazaki fragments.
Once created, these snippets then come together to form one long matching lagging strand. In short, Okazaki fragments are crucial components of accurate DNA replication that occur on the lagging strand.
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Which of the following is responsible for the mRNA translation effectively MCQ?
The ribosome binding site and the initial nucleotide sequence are both necessary for effective translation of mRNA produced from cloned genes.
Translation is the process of creating functional proteins by extracting the genetic code from messenger RNAs (mRNA). The ribosomes are where protein synthesis happens.
One of the initial steps in the creation of proteins is the transcription of mRNA from DNA genes in the nucleus. At some point in the past, the various RNA types were created utilizing the appropriate DNA. Once in the cytoplasm, the RNAs leave the nucleus.
Ribosomal subunits form a sandwich-like structure on the strand of mRNA during translation, where they proceed to draw tRNA molecules bound to amino acids (circles). As the ribosome converts the mRNA sequence into a polypeptide, or new protein, a lengthy chain of amino acids is formed.
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give examples of worldwide cooperative efforts to prevent extinctions.
There are many worldwide cooperative efforts in place to prevent the extinction of various species. Some examples include the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES).
This international agreement regulates the trade of threatened plants and animals and has been signed by 183 countries to prevent over-exploitation through international trade.
The Red List of Threatened Species: Compiled by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), this list provides information on the conservation status of various species, and helps prioritize conservation efforts. The African Elephant Coalition: A group of 29 African range states working together to end the illegal trade in elephant ivory and to conserve and protect African elephants.
The Rhino Conservation Program: A worldwide effort to protect the five remaining rhino species, through anti-poaching initiatives, habitat protection, and breeding programs. The Giant Panda Conservation: A global effort to save the giant panda from extinction, through habitat protection, breeding programs, and public education and awareness.
The Marine Turtle Conservation: A global initiative to protect and conserve marine turtles and their habitats through research, monitoring, public education, and conservation actions.
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one characteristic that living things share is metabolism. which statement best describes metabolism?
Option a is Correct. The balance between an organism's ability to build up and break down chemicals in its cells is known as metabolism.
The chemical process known as metabolism balances and controls how substances are made and broken down inside of bodily cells. The body's natural metabolic process involves the chemical reorganization of cells. It is an essential activity that produces and breaks down the nutrients and materials needed for reproduction, growth, and other processes.
Through catabolism, it breaks down the food, and through anabolism, it builds. The body's internal transformations and chemical processes are collectively referred to as metabolism. All organisms, including fungi, animals, plants, and bacteria, have metabolism. Things that are not living don't have metabolism. Therefore, we can state that metabolism is a characteristic of all life.
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Correct Question:
What characteristics that living things share is metabolism which statement best describes metabolism
A. metabolism is the balance in organism maintains between building up and breaking down substances in cells
B. Metabolism is the sum of all of the internal systems in one organism
C. Metabolism is the different kinds of energy is so uses to function
D. Metabolism is all of the components and organism needs to survive
what forms a coiled structure of dna and histone proteins
The coiled structure of DNA and histone proteins is called chromatin.
Chromatin is the material that makes up chromosomes, which are the structures that carry genetic information in the cell. It is composed of DNA, histone proteins, and other non-histone proteins.
Histone proteins are small, basic proteins that act as spools around which DNA winds. They help to organize and compact the DNA, making it possible for the cell to fit the DNA into the cell's nucleus. Histones form a core around which the DNA winds, forming a structure called the nucleosome.
Nucleosomes are the basic repeating units of chromatin, and they are composed of eight histone proteins and about 147 base pairs of DNA. The DNA wraps around the histone proteins, which form a structure called the nucleosome.
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What events occurs in prophase I of meiosis that did not occur in prophase of mitosis?
Anaphase 1 splits a part homologous are an events occurs in prophase I of meiosis that did not occur in prophase of mitosis
Before meiosis I begins, DNA replication occurs. Homologous chromosomes link up and create synapses during prophase I, which is a stage exclusive to meiosis. It becomes clear that genetic recombination causes chiasmata to occur when two paired chromosomes are known as bivalents. They can be seen under a microscope thanks to chromosomal condensation. The bivalent has two chromosomes, four chromatids, and one chromosome from each parent. Disappearance of the nuclear membrane The chromosomes connected to spindle fibres start to move when one kinetochore instead of one per chromatid develops. The metaphase plate is home to bivalents, each of which has two chromosomes (four chromatids). Both paternal homologues are on one side in a random orientation.
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Use the vocabulary terms below to complete the Cloze reading passage. Bubble the letter for the term that completes the sentence
and corresponds to the number in the blank. For example, the term that completes the blank for #1 is cellular respiration. Mark the
letter that corresponds with the term. Note? Some answers will be used multiple times. BUBBLE your STUDENT ID #1
A. Aerobic
B. Carbon dioxide
C. Electrons
D. Glycolysis
E.
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which can be
and involves
3.
1. is the process by which all organisms convert glucose, or other organic macromolecules into 2.
used to perform cellular work. The overall process is divided into three main stages. The first is known as
a series of metabolic steps that convert 4.__ into pyruvate, producing a bit of ATP and
5. (an electron carrier molecule).
If enough oxygen is available, pyruvate is transported into the 6. (an organelle in eukaryotes) and attached to coenzyme A.
This reaction produces more NADH. What is now acetyl CoA enters the Citric acid, or 7.. cycle. This is a catabolic pathway,
involving numerous enzymes that break off one carbon atom at a time from what was once glucose. As this cycle progresses
gas is released, a bit of ATP is produced, and high energy electrons are picked up by molecules of NADH and
This process is a cycle because oxaloacetate is regenerated in order to continue accepting molecules of acetyl CoA. At this point
in cellular respiration, only about 4 net ATP have been generated. Most of the
that was once in the original glucose
molecule is in the high energy.
8.
9.
10.
11. that are being carried by NADH and FADH₂. These electron shuttles drop off their cargo
12.
protons and manufacture
+60₂6CO₂ + 6H₂O +36
13.
at the electron transport chain, where they are used to establish a concentration gradient of
about 28-32 additional
energy molecules. The equation for cellular respiration
ATP. ATP is a form of 15. energy. Glycolysis occurs in the 16. of the cell and does not require oxygen, whereas the
Krebs cycle and electron transport chain occur in the mitochondria and do require_17.gas.
Pathways of cellular respiration that require oxygen are said to be.
chain are both 18. processes. Glycolysis, however, does not directly
oxygen-requiring process to run. Glycolysis is therefore said to be
is considered part of
stages.
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14. C
15. C
A. Oxygen
B. Cellular respiration
C. Energy
D. H+
E. Anaerobic
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C. FADH₂
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17., nor does it rely on an
require
19., it
19. ("without air"). Even though glycolysis is
because its products are key reactants for the aerobic
Electrons
carried
vla NADH
14.
GLYCOLYSIS
Glucose Pyruvate
Cytosol
A. C₂H2O
B. Cytoplasm
C. Glucose
D. Mitochondria
ww
ATP
Substrate-level
phosphorylation
Electrons carried
via NADH and
FADH₂
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KREBS
CYCLE
Mitochondrion
Why
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phosphorylation
Glucose ultimately breaks down into pyruvate and energy; a total of 2 ATP is derived in the process (Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2 ADP + 2 Pi --> 2 Pyruvate + 2 NADH + 2 H+ + 2 ATP + 2 H2O).
What is pyruvate?Pyruvate is a 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion and the conjugate base of pyruvic acid, a crucial metabolic byproduct for biochemical processes that provide energy. The end product of glycolysis, pyruvate, can undergo anaerobic metabolism to produce lactate when hypoxic circumstances are present.The simplest alpha-keto acid is pyruvic acid, which has a carboxylic acid and a ketone functional group. The conjugate base pyruvate, CH3COCOO, is a metabolic intermediary found in many different cell-wide metabolic processes.The conjugate base of pyruvic acid is pyruvate. It serves as a crucial intermediary in a number of biological processes. It is created at the conclusion of glycolysis and serves as a catalyst for a number of metabolic processes, including gluconeogenesis, fermentation, cellular respiration, fatty acid synthesis, etc.Learn more about Glucose refer to :
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What is the process of building an RNA molecule from instructions on a DNA molecule?
Transcription is the process of copying (transcribed) her DNA sequence of a gene to make an RNA molecule. RNA polymerase is the major transcription enzyme.
Transcription is the first step in decoding a cell's genetic information. During transcription, an enzyme called RNA polymerase builds an RNA molecule that is complementary to part of the strand of the DNA double helix.
Transcription begins when RNA polymerase binds (either directly or via a helper protein) to the promoter sequence near the beginning of the gene. RNA polymerase uses one of the DNA strands (the template strand) as a template to create new complementary RNA molecules.
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What are the levels of organization in multicellular organisms?
Answer:
cells, tissues, organs, system, organis
Explanation: