If you, like mendel, grow plants in the lab, and cross/breed short (tt) pea plants with another (tt) short pea plants, the offspring will be:_________
Answers
Cross/breed short (tt) pea plants with another (tt) short pea plants, the offspring will be also a short/dwarf pea plant(tt) due to the Monohybrid nature of the cross.
Monohybrid cross is responsible for the inheritance of one gene. It can be easily shown through a Punnett Square.
(Refer the picture attached for reference)
Thus the Genotype is "tt" and the Phenotype is "small".
"tt" is an example of pure gametes that are haploid. These gametes are always pure and do not possess homologous chromosomes. Instead, they possess one chromosome of each type, either recessive or dominant.
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Related Questions
The transformation of a human from one to several billion cells requires the process of?
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The transformation of a human from one to several billion cells requires the process of mitosis. Mitosis helps in growth and repair by producing more number of identical cells.
Mitosis helps in genetic stability through spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), the main checkpoint in mitosis, it becomes active and keeps acting until each chromosome is properly attached to the mitotic spindle, ensuring faithful segregation of the chromosomes. Mitosis is primarily involved in the division of the parent cell to produce two identical daughter cells. Mitosis divides the nucleus of the cell along with its chromosomes into two daughter cell nuclei, each inheriting the same chromosome number as its parent cell. It is primarily involved in growth.
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The Fluid Mosaic Model accounts for the presence of protein in the cell membrane by proposing that
A. the phospholipid bilayer is between two layers of protein.
OB. the Fluid Mosaic Model cannot account for why proteins are found.
OC. proteins are embedded in the phospholipid bilayer.
OD. the protein is inside the cell.
Answers
The mosaic fluid model explains that membranes are composed of a lipidic bilayer and proteins embedded in them. Option C.
What is the fluid Mosaic Model?
The model explains that two lipidic layers compose the cell membrane, with proteins and glucans embedded in between.
Lipids are arranged with their hydrophilic heads facing the exterior and the interior of the cells, while their hydrophobic tails are against each other, constituting the internal part of the membrane.
Two types of proteins compose the membrane,
• Integral proteins, permanently associated with the membrane.
• Periferic proteins, in the internal or external surface.
Proteins and lipids are distributed asymmetrically in the membrane. Proteins have a determined orientation, which is essential to accomplish their functions.
Membranes are fluid, meaning their molecules can move by
• Lateral diffusion in the same layer →This is passive diffusion.
• Transversally to the other layer → infrequent
• Rotational diffusion → rotation of the molecule.
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Rickets is characterized by inadequately calcified bones that are softer and more flexible than normal. Individuals with rickets may not have received enough ____ during their growth and development.
Answers
The deficiency of vitamin D leads to rickets. It is the condition in which the bones are fragile and softer than normal.
Rickets:
Vitamin D is responsible for the absorption of calcium and phosphorous from the diet. Calcium and phosphorous are the key minerals in the bones. The symptoms of rickets are delayed growth and motor skills along with pain and weakness in the legs and pelvis. It also leads to muscle weakness. The deficiency of vitamin D can also lead to bone deformities such as knock knees, and thickening of wrists and ankles. The source of vitamin D is sunlight and food such as fish oil and egg yolks.
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05.01 LC) What forms white light? O Combination of all the wavelengths of ultraviolet light O Combination of all the wavelengths of visible light O Absorption of electromagnetic rays Absorption of infrared rays
Answers
Answer:
A.) Combination of all wavelengths of ultraviolet light
Explanation:
White light is formed when all infrared and visible light wavelengths are reflected. However, white light is also created when UV wavelengths are absorbed.
A person cannot drink too much water; the kidneys and sweat glands make water excretion quick and efficient, protecting the body from overhydration.
Answers
Answer: false, hypernaltemia
Explanation:
Animals that lie in cold climates tend to have higher proportions of __________ fatty acid residues in their lipids than do animals that live in warm climates.
Answers
Reason
The higher amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids prevents fats from becoming solid in the layer of fat that animals in cold climates use to insulate themselves.
Which part of the central nervous system is responsible for coordinating bodily movements such as writing or sewing
Answers
The part of the central nervous system that is responsible for coordinating bodily movements such as writing or sewing is cerebellum.
What is central nervous system?
The central nervous system is the processing center of the body and consists of the brain and the spinal cord.
The brain and the spinal cord are protected by three layers of membranes known as meninges.
What is Cerebellum?The cerebellum, also known as the little brain, is responsible for smooth, coordinated voluntary movements.
Thus, the part of the central nervous system that is responsible for coordinating bodily movements such as writing or sewing is cerebellum.
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Glycolysis would quickly halt if the process ran out of _____, which serves as the hydrogen and electron acceptor
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A Final statement or concluding statement
Glycolysis would quickly halt if the process ran out of NAD+, which serves as the hydrogen and electron acceptor.
What are the fundamentals of Glycolysis?Glycolysis eventually breaks down glucose into two pyruvate molecules. Glycolysis is divided into two steps that take place in the cytoplasm of cells. Because it uses two ATP molecules, the first phase is known as the "investment" phase, and the second as the "payoff" phase. Each of these processes is catalyzed by its own enzyme, with phosphofructokinase being the most important for regulation since it governs the rate of glycolysis.
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Once the blood pressure cuff and stethoscope are in place, the next step is to quickly inflate the cuff pressure to __________ above the first Korotkoff sound.
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Answer:
Its right answer is systolic pressure.
Hop its helpful!
Once the blood pressure cuff and stethoscope are in place, the next step is to quickly inflate the cuff pressure to 30mmHg above the first Korotkoff sound.
When a blood pressure cuff modifies the blood flow via the artery, Korotkoff noises are produced. The lower arm is being supported by the chair as the relaxed figure sits there. The subject's right arm is used to put the blood pressure cuff. The diaphragm is positioned over the brachial artery.
And the cuff pressure is swiftly raised to a level that is approximately 30 mm Hg higher than the systolic pressure as established by the palpation technique. The air is then released from the cuff .At some time, the stethoscope user will start to hear sounds with each heartbeat. The systolic pressure is indicated here.
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Which macromolecule(s) is/are critical in the active site of the ribosome for catalysis of peptide bond formation?
Answers
The ribosomal RNA is the critical component in the active site as this site is only contains ribosomal RNA.
Ribosomal RNA covers over sixty percent of total ribosome by weight and are crucial for all its Operations from binding to mRNA and choosing tRNA to catalyzing the arrangement of a peptide bond between two amino acids. Even the framework of a ribosome is determined by the three-dimensional shape of its rRNA core.
Ribosomes are composed of two subunits, the large and the small subunit, both of which consist of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules and a variable number of ribosomal proteins. Significant ribosome function includes assorting amino acids to form proteins that are essential to carry out cellular functions.
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Germany has a population of 82,217,800. If there are 636,854 births, 827,155 deaths, 684,862 immigrants, and 680,766 emigrants, what is the new population?
A. 82,027,499
B. 82,316,181
C. 82,031,595
D. 1,962,666
Answers
Answer:
C. 82,031,595
Explanation:
82,217,800 + 636,854 - 827,155 + 684,862 - 680,766 = 82,031,595
Answer is the C
Describe one feature shared by all ape bodies (other than lack of a tail) that represents an adaptation to suspensory locomotion.
Answers
Other than lack of a tail, all ape bodies have long curved fingers which represent adaptation to suspensory locomotion.
Suspensory locomotion is type of a feeding behavior or an arboreal locomotion which involves the suspension or the hanging of the body of an organism from a tree. Apes developed some adaptations which help them in this type of locomotion. These adaptations include a lack of tail, a vertical posture, conical rib cage, a mobile lumber vertebrae, wrist rotation, scapulae on their back, grasping limbs with shortened thumbs and long curved fingers.
All these adaptations help the ape to climb and suspend themselves from the branches of the trees and also helps them achieve a swinging motion.
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How are organisms in the domain Archaea different from those in the domain Eukarya?
A. Archaea are multicellular organisms.
B. Archaea have mitochondria inside their cells.
C. Archaea have no membranes around their organelles.
D. Archaea hold genetic information in DNA.
Answers
Answer:
C.) Archaea have no membranes around their organelles.
Explanation:
A.) is incorrect because Archaea are unicellular organisms. Eukarya, however, are multicellular.
B.) is incorrect because Archaea do not have mitochondria. Eukarya contain mitochondria.
C.) is correct because, unlike Eukarya, Archaea do not have any membranes around their organelles.
D.) is incorrect because both Eukarya and Archaea keep their genetic information in DNA.
In a given population if the percentage of homozygous dominant genotype is 36% and the percentage of heterozygous genotype is 48%, what will be the percentage of homozygous recessive genotype
Answers
The correct answer to the given question is 16%
What is the percentage of the homozygous recessive genotype?Let x be the percentage of homozygous dominant genotype= 36%
Let y be the percentage of homozygous recessive genotype= 48%
The total population present is 100%
Thus the percentage of Homozygous recessive genotype is
[tex]100 - (x+y)[/tex]
This equals to
[tex]100-(36 + 48)= 16[/tex]
Thus the percentage of the homozygous recessive genotype is 16%
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Memory cells do not require b cell receptors.
a. True
b. False
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Memory cells do not require b cell receptors. This statement is False.
Memory B cells may recognize an antigen and produce a particular antibody response because they have B cell receptors (BCRs) on their cell membrane that are identical to those on their parent cells.A B-lymphocyte subtype known as a memory B cell (MBC) is a component of the adaptive immune system. Within the germinal centers of the secondary lymphoid organs, these cells grow. Memory B cells can remain dormant in the blood stream for years at a time. Their purpose is to memorize the properties of the antigen that initially activated their parent B cell, so that when the memory B cell comes into contact with that antigen in the future.It will cause an expedited and potent secondary immune response. B cell receptors are found on memory B cells (BCRs)learn more about Memory cells here: https://brainly.com/question/15196473
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If you cross two pea plants, one with green peas and the other with yellow peas, and all of the offspring have yellow peas. You conclude?
Answers
You conclude yellow parent which was homozygous for the dominant allele.
The yellow is dominant over green, as genome of every organism is consists of two nearly identical copies of alleles a gene.
It is so because we have two copies of each gene is that we inherit one from each parent, for a cross between a plant with yellow peas and one with green peas. The yellow seed color is the dominant phenotypic character and the green seed color is the recessive phenotypic character in this cross, plants with yellow seed offspring and green seed offspring are formed in the ratio of 3:1, which is a phenotypic ratio.
Therefore, in this case yellow-seed allele is dominant and the green-seed allele is recessive.
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If you took laboratory syringe setup outside in the summer or put it in the refrigerator, would Boyle's law be able to adequately describe what would happen to the volume of the system quizlet
Answers
Yes, boyle's law would be able to describe the volume of the system.
what is boyle's law ?
Boyle's law, also known as Mariotte's law. The pressure (p) of a given quantity of gas varies inversely with its volume (v) at constant temperature, according to this empirical equation, which was established by the physicist Robert Boyle in 1662. In equation form, this implies that pv = k, a constant.
Boyle's law syringe experiment
Through the opening at the syringe's tip, air can be let out. Yet, the air cannot flow after you cover the syringe with your finger. The air in the balloon compresses or loses volume as you push down on the plunger to increase the air pressure.
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Under the Endangered Species Act, all federal agencies must Group of answer choices avoid the use of all chemicals until the EPA has determined they are safe. prepare an environmental impact statement for actions significantly affecting the environment. avoid damage to habitat critical to the survival of endangered species. All of these are correct.
Answers
The Endangered Species Act was enacted to avoid damage to habitats critical to the survival of endangered species.
Endangered Species Act
A species is considered endangered if is facing extinction and a threatened species is a species that is o the verge of becoming an endangered species. The ESA was thus enacted in the year 1973 to protect such species by the federal government. Three different departments of the federal government are responsible for administering ESA and they are:
Department of InteriorDepartment of CommerceDepartment of AgricultureESA was formulated to aid various measures meant for the protection of endangered and threatened species and facilitate various recovery programs to increase their population size. The area or the habitat where an endangered species live is called a critical habitat and ESA aims to prevent the destruction of the critical habitats.
There are exceptions to the ESA for cases such as national security matters, actions of Alaskan natives, hardship cases, etc. The ESA is enacted with the help of citizen suits, civil penalties, and criminal penalties.
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What is/are the function(s) of the cell cycle? dna replication development of positive mutations prevention of cancer growth, repair, and reproduction of cells
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The function of the cell cycle is the growth, repair and reproduction of cells.
The process through which a cell goes through its phases of growth and division is referred to as the cell cycle. During the majority of its existence, a cell is said to be in a state known as interphase. It is during this phase that the cell develops, copies its chromosomes, and gets ready to divide. Following this, the cell exits interphase, starts the process of mitosis, and finishes its division. The new cells that are produced are referred to as daughter cells, and each of them will experience its own unique interphase before beginning a new cycle of the cell cycle. The cell cycle helps the cells to undergo growth and division. In case of any damage, the cell cycle contributes to the repair mechanism of the cells.
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Answer:
D. growth, repair, and reproduction of cells
Explanation:
edg 2022
M.A. Seol, I.S. Chu, M.J. Lee, G.R. Yu, X.D. Cui, B.H. Cho, E.K. Ahn, S.H. Leem, I.H. Kim, D.G. Kim, Genome-wide expression patterns associated with oncogenesis and sarcomatous transdifferentation of cholangiocarcinoma, BMC cancer, 11 (2011) 78.
Answers
Cholangiocarcinoma (CC) is a highly lethal malignant tumor that arises from the biliary tract epithelium.
Abstract:Background:
Cholangiocarcinoma (CC) oncogenesis and development are largely unknown molecular processes. The objective of this study was to map the expression of genes involved in CC oncogenesis and sarcomatous transdifferentiation across the entire genome.
Methods:
DNA microarray technology was used to find the genes that differed in expression between CC cell lines or tissues and cultivated normal biliary epithelial (NBE) cells. Expressions were verified in CC tissues and cells from humans.
Results:
We found a group of 342 genes that are often regulated (>2-fold change) in cell line and tissue samples using unsupervised hierarchical clustering technique. 289 of them, including tumour suppressor genes, were downregulated, while 53 of them, including genes connected to tumours, were elevated (0.5 fold change). Immunohistochemistry was used to confirm the expression of SPP1, EFNB2, E2F2, IRX3, PTTG1, PPAR, KRT17, UCHL1, IGFBP7, and SPARC proteins in human and hamster CC tissues. When sarcomatoid CC cells were compared to three adenocarcinomatous CC cell lines, additional unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis found 292 differently upregulated genes (>4-fold change) and 267 differentially downregulated genes (0.25 fold change). Immunoblot analysis and immunohistochemistry labelling were used to confirm that 12 proteins were expressed in the CC cell lines. We discovered that during the sarcomatoid transdifferentiation of CC, the methylation-silenced proteins LDHB, BNIP3, UCHL1, and NPTX2 were restored, along with the expression of the proteins linked to the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), VIM and TWIST1.
In conclusion, identifying molecular targets for cholangiocarcinoma diagnosis and prognosis may be aided by the dysregulation of oncogenes, tumour suppressor genes, and methylation-related genes.
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URGENT I I WILL GIVE BRAINLIEST TO WHOEVER ANSWERS CORRECTLY AND QUICK
What does microbacteria in soil do?
produces inorganic material
breaks down minerals
protects the soil from predators
Answers
Answer: Microbacteria breaks down minerals
Answer:
Breaks down minerals
Explanation:
Micro bacteria in soil helps break down minerals. For example, bacteria lives on plant roots and breaks down nitrogen, allowing it to be used for the plant.
Based on your ph testing results, can you categorize either of the microbes as acidophiles, neutrophiles, or alkaliphiles? explain your answer in relation to data table 2
Answers
Bacteria are classified according to the pH range in which they can grow. Neutrophile pH range: 5.5 - 8. Acidophile pH range: 0 - 5.5. Alkaliphiles pH range: 7.5 - 11.
Note: Since I did not find the table 2, I will explain what the classification of bacteria is, and propose examples for you to understand. Then, you will have to make your classification according to the table.
What is bacteria classification concerning pH?
Bacteria are cells that have different environmental requirements. Concerning pH, most bacteria have an acidic range in which they can grow keeping constant their internal pH level.
According to their pH requirement, bacteria can be classified as,
NeutrophilesThese cells can grow in environments in which pH is around the neutral pH level ⇒ 5.5 - 8
AcidophilesThese are bacteria that grow in acid environments with pH inferior to the neutral pH level ⇒ 0 - 5.5
AlkaliphilesThese bacteria grow in basic environments with pH superior to the neutral pH level ⇒ 7.5 - 11
Examples,
Bacteria pH range Classification
Escherichia coli 6-8 neutrophiles
Salmonella spp 5-8 neutrophiles
Lactobacillus acidophilus 4-6.5 acidophiles
Vibrio cholerae 8-11 alkaliphiles
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which occurence is defined as the deep disruption of the corneal epithelium that extends into the stromal layer
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Corneal ulceration is the deep disruption of the corneal epithelium that extends into the stromal layer.
What is corneal ulceration?A corneal ulcer is an open sore on your cornea. It is an inflammation of the outermost layer of the eye that goes through Bowman's layer into the deeper layers of the cornea.Corneal ulcers can occur from direct injury to the eye, or from a bacterial, fungal, or viral infection.Symptoms include eye redness, eye pain, excessive tearing, sensation of a foreign body in the eye, and worsening or blurry vision.Corneal ulcers can threaten the patient's vision so it is an emergency condition requiring aggressive treatment and evaluation by a specialist.Trauma to the eye can cause a corneal abrasion or an ulcer. Abrasions are from superficial scrapes. Ulcers are from deeper gouges.Learn more about cornea here:
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Proteins are polymers produced by linking together amino acids, where the amino group of one will react with the acid group of another. What type of functional group is produced
Answers
The Functional group produced is Amide.
The most typical way to make amides is by reacting an acid chloride with ammonia, a 1o amine, or a 2o amine. In a similar procedure, an amide can be created by reacting an amine with a carboxylic acid using a coupling agent like DCC. An acid anhydride and an amine can be combined to create simple amides. Finally, a carboxylic acid and an amine can directly react to generate amides.
However, because to the severity of the circumstances, this response is not frequently used. Because the Y group of an amide's nitrogen-containing atom has a weak ability to act as a leaving group, amides are comparatively inert to nucleophilic acyl substitutions.
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A skeletal muscle is a composition of several components bundled one into the other. at which structural level in the muscle does contraction occur to bring about contraction in the whole muscle?
Answers
The structural level in which the muscle produces the contraction is known as the muscle fiber.
What is a muscle fiber?A muscle fiber is a single muscular cell that is able to contract by using specialized proteins such as filaments of myosin and actin.
This unit (muscle fiber) is able to contract both in vivo and in vitro by establishing suitable environmental conditions (e.g., proper calcium levels).
In conclusion, the structural level in which the muscle contracts is the muscle fiber.
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Monarch butterfly caterpillars are herbivores of common milkweed. Milkweed produces a sticky latex sap and a toxin in its leaves. How is the interaction between the caterpillars and milkweed characterized
Answers
The relationship between the caterpillars and milkweed is characterized by - for the milkweed and + for the caterpillar
The monarch butterfly can only survive if it feeds on milkweed during its whole life cycle. Because monarch butterfly larvae, also known as caterpillars, can only feed on milkweed, this species of butterfly is also known as the "milkweed butterfly."The female monarch butterfly lay her eggs on the bottom of the milkweed leaves, which will offer the developing larvae protection as they grow. The big leaves function similarly to umbrellas, protecting the eggs from the excessive heat of the summer sun and providing cover from the heavy downpours. In addition, the leaves provide a wonderful place to conceal oneself from any predators that might be interested in eating the eggs before the larva hatches. As soon as the eggs hatch, the larvae will begin to feed on the leaves of the milkweed plants. For the first few days of their lives, they will consume food continuously, day and night. The milkweed provides the young caterpillars with more than just food while they develop. Milkweed offers a one-of-a-kind defence against predators to both the monarch butterfly larvae and the adult butterflies. The larvae consume a significant proportion of the milkweed plant's dangerous compounds since the milkweed plant itself contains poisonous elements. As a result, the monarch butterfly themselves become poisonous.
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______is the comparison of relative concentrations of two solutions, separated by a selectively permeable membrane.
a. always causes cells to burst.
b. does not affect cells.
c. always causes cells to shrink.
d. does not have anything to do with solute concentration.
Answers
Tonicity is the comparison of relative concentrations of two solutions, separated by a selectively permeable membrane.
Tonicity is the capacity of an extracellular solution to cause water to osmotically enter or exit a cell. Tonicity differs from osmolarity in that it considers both the relative solute concentrations and the permeability of the cell membrane to those solutes.When describing whether a solution would induce water to move into or out of a cell, three terms—hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic—are used:A cell will lose volume if it is immersed in a hypertonic solution because there will be a net flow of water out of the cell.
A cell will increase volume if it is immersed in a hypotonic solution because there will be a net flow of water entering the cell.
If a cell is immersed in an isotonic solution, there won't be any net water inflow or outflow, and the volume of the cell will stay constant.
DISCLAIMER
The above given question is wrong, there are no options. The correct question is ______is the comparison of relative concentrations of two solutions, separated by a selectively permeable membrane.
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All events that occur in living things in order to maintain homeostasis are known as
Answers
Answer:
The living things in order to maintain is homeostasis
The living things in order to maintain is homeostasis
What is homeostasis?
As it is currently understood, homeostasis is a self-regulating process that allows biological systems to remain stable while responding to shifting environmental factors.
The stable internal, external, and chemical conditions that are maintained by living systems are known as homeostasis in biology. In order for the organism to function at its best, a number of factors, including body temperature and fluid balance, must be maintained within predetermined ranges.
The capacity of an organism to retain internal stability in response to environmental changes is known as homeostasis. The best illustration of homeostasis is the body's internal temperature.
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In general, the greatest vulnerability to teratogens occurs during:____.
a. the last part of the fetal period of prenatal development.
b. the embryonic period of prenatal development.
Answers
In general, the greatest vulnerability to teratogens occurs during the embryonic period of prenatal development.
A teratogen is something that, when exposed to a growing embryo or fetus, can result in birth defects or other abnormalities.Teratogens include certain pharmaceuticals, illicit substances, tobacco, chemicals, alcohol, certain illnesses, recreational drugs, and in rare situations, medical conditions including uncontrolled diabetes in pregnant women.Ten to fourteen days after conception, teratogens can start to damage the growing embryo. There are times when the developing organ systems exhibit greater sensitivity to teratogens during embryonic development.Teratogens can also have an impact on pregnancies and result in issues like premature labor, spontaneous abortions, or miscarriages. Physical agents, metabolic circumstances, infections, and finally, medications and chemicals, are the four categories into which teratogens are divided.learn more about teratogens here:https://brainly.com/question/9798697
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Which combination of alleles are always involved in the inheritance of a sex-linked trait?
heterozygous alleles
homozygous alleles
alleles that are carried on X and Y chromosomes
alleles that are carried on all chromosomes except the X and Y chromosomes
Answers
Sex-linked genes are transmitted with the sex chromosomes. The combination of alleles that are involved in the inheritance of a sex-linked trait are alleles carried on X and Y chromosomes. Option C)
What is a sex-linked gene?
Genes are physically located and arranged in the chromosomes. Each chromosome contains several genes that vary in length and code for different traits. So, all chromosomes are different, except for the homologous ones.
In mammals, sex is determined by a pair of sex chromosomes, X and Y.
Females are represented by the combination of two X chromosomes, XXMales are represented by the combination of an X chromosome with a Y chromosome, XY.When talking about sex-linked genes, we refer to genes located in one of the sex chromosomes. In general, genes are linked to the X chromosome.
Being linked to one of the sex chromosomes means that these genes, and their corresponding alleles, will only be inherited together with the chromosome.
In the case of X-linked genes, a male that inherits the X chromosome from a heterozygous female can express either the dominant or the recessive trait, depending on which allele it got from the mother.
According to this framework, the correct answer is C) alleles that are carried on X and Y chromosomes.
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Answer:
alleles that are carried on X and Y chromosomes
Explanation: