I = I° cos²∅
When ∅ is 0° then intensity is maximum
When ∅ is 90° then intensity is minimum.
When two polarizer are combined in such a way that their crystallographic axes are parallel, the resulting intensity is at its highest, and you can see the light's original color as it passed through intensity the first polarizer. In this scenario, if the polarizer is colored and we are looking at the object through the polariser, the color that corresponds to the superposed wave that was created by the object's radiated wave (object's color) and the polariser's color will be the color of the object. On a beach, this is what happens when you wear polarized intensity sunglasses on a sunny day: the color of the objects appears differently than when you are wearing sunglasses.
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Pls help answer this
Answer: The rods both have the same charge therefore they repel each other. The force of repulsion creates a downward force on the balance pan and therefore the balance registers a higher reading.
A 5kg cat is lifted 2meters into the air. how much gpe does it gain?
Answer:
98
Explanation:
You are asking for the pe right? I think this is right
Potential Energy= mgh = (5)(9.8)(2)= 98
An astronomical telescope is used to view distant stars. How does the angle between the just-resolvable light from two stars differ if the average light from the stars is red or if it is blue?.
With an astronomical telescope, the angle of just resolution light from two stars would be greater if the light of the average star is red or if it is blue.
What is an astronomical telescope?
An astronomical telescope consists of two lenses: objective and eyepiece.
The objective lens forms the image of a far off object at focal point while eyepiece lens just magnifies the image and make it look more clear, visible and magnified.
The formula D = 1.22λ/dФ is used to find the value of aperture of the telescope.
In general, an astronomical telescope is used to view distant stars. Thus, the angle formed would be greater if the light emitted by the average stars is red or blue.
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the orion nebula (at least the part we can see) is not very old (yet). while several hot, massive stars have had a chance to form in the nebula, none of them has been around long enough to go supernova. so relative to supernova remnants, and other areas where the gasses have been 'mixed' with the wreckage from exploded stars, what can you say about the iron levels you'd expect to see in the orion nebula?
One of the brightest nebulae in the night sky, the Orion Nebula may be seen with the unaided eye. The Trapezium is a young open cluster of four main stars in this magnitude 4 interstellar cloud of ionized atomic hydrogen.
What is the source of the Orion Nebula's crimson glow?The hydrogen gas in the Orion Nebula, which is powered by radiation from young stars, gives off a crimson tint. The nebula's blue-violet regions are reflecting radiation from bright, blue-white O-type stars while the red areas are emitting light.The Orion Nebula is one of many massive clouds of gas and dust in our Milky Way galaxy, say contemporary astronomers, and is one of the largest. It is approximately 1,300 light years away from Earth. This enormous hazy cocoon, which measures approximately 30 to 40 light-years in diameter, is generating potentially a thousand stars.To learn more about Orion nebula refer to:
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two watermelons are dropped from the same height. one is cracked on the pavement. the other one is intact when dropped on the grass lawn, which is a result of
One watermelon cracked on the pavement while the other one is intact when dropped on the grass lawn because of the momentum transfer.
A wave contains momentum and could be a vectorial amount. The contrast between the momentum of the scattered wave to the occurrence wave is called momentum transfer.
In Newtonian mechanics, energy (more particularly straight energy or translational momentum) is the item of the mass and speed of a question.
It may be a vector amount, having a size and a course. If m is an object's mass and v is its speed (moreover a vector amount).
In the Universal Framework of Units (SI), the unit of estimation of energy is the kilogram meter per moment (kg⋅m/s), which is identical to the newton-second.
When an object hits the ground, the energy exchanged from the protest to the ground indeed is its momentum transfer.
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In order for work to be done on an object, the force must be in the same direction as the object moves. true or false?
Answer:
True
Explanation:
because in science work is only said to be done when the body moves through the distance of the force applied
For many-electron systems each principal energy level is split into of differing energies. The energy of an orbital in such a system is affected by the charge, by repulsions between , and by orbital shape.
For many-electrons systems, each principle energy level is split into sublevels of differing energies. Energy of orbital in such system is affected by nuclear charge, by repulsions between electrons and by orbital shape.
What is principal energy level?Each principal energy level is split into closely spaced sublevels. This quantum number is named the orbital shape quantum number as each orbital in a given type of sublevel has the same electron cloud shape.
Each energy sublevel corresponds to an orbital of a different shape that describes where the electron can be found and the energies of electrons are said to be quantized.
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Which variable is NOT shown on a velocity-time graph?
Acceleration is the variable that is NOT shown on a velocity-time graph
Velocity - time graph, evidently shows two variables, velocity on one axis and time on other . But as we know , that acceleration can be calculated by the formula which is
acceleration = change in velocity / time
hence , the derivative of velocity is acceleration
which mean that the slope of the Velocity - time graph shows the acceleration , which cannot be seen , but is hidden as the slope of that graph
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Which of acceleration, age, speed, temperature, and velocity are vector quantities?.
Velocity and acceleration are vector quantities whereas speed, temperature and age are not.
What is a vector quantity?Vector is a quantity that has both magnitude and direction and is represented by an arrow whose direction is same as that of the quantity and length is proportional to the quantity's magnitude.
Vector has magnitude and direction but it does not have position. Velocity and acceleration both are vector quantities as they have magnitude and direction.
If the speed of an object remains same but direction changes then the object is accelerating. It is important to remember that acceleration and velocity aren't always in the same direction.
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. A girl of mass 35 kg and boy of mass 25 kg are connected by a light rope. They move horizontally in a skating rink. A second rope is attached to the girl and with this second rope, she is pulled by a force of 300 N. The magnitude of their acceleration is ?
The magnitude of the acceleration of the boy and the girl is 5 m/s².
What is the acceleration of the boy and the girl?The magnitude of the acceleration of the boy and the girl is determined by applying Newton's second law of motion as shown below.
F = ma
where;
F is the net force on the boy and girl = Tm is total mass of the boy and the girl = m₁ + m₂a is the common acceleration of the boy and the girlsubstitute the given parameters and solve for the common acceleration of the boy and the girl
a = T/(m₁+ m₂)
a = (300 N) / (35 kg + 25 kg)
a = 5 m/s²
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prior to the discovery of atmospheric pressure, the failure of wine to pour from the bottom of a barrel unless an opening was made in the top was explained by:
Horror vacui or Nature abhors a vacuum is the principle that explain the inability of wine to pour from the bottom of a barrel without a top opening.
What is Horror vacui ?In physics, horror vacui, or plenism, is a postulate attributed to Aristotle. He articulated a notion, later questioned by the atomism of Epicurus and Lucretius, that nature contains no vacuums since the denser surrounding material continuum would fill the rarity of an incipient void right away.
He also argued against the void in a more abstract sense, saying, for instance, that since a void is nothing by definition, it cannot be said to exist. This is in line with Plato. Furthermore, because it wouldn't have any features, it couldn't be perceived by the senses and its supposition wouldn't be able to add to the explanation.
Thomas Hobbes, Robert Boyle, and others debated the theory in the context of fluid mechanics in the 17th century. Sir Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz continued the discussion in the early 18th century.
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A ball is thrown horizontally at a speed of 7.9 m/s. When the ball is released, it is 1.8 m off the ground. How far (horizontally) will the ball travel?
If a ball is tossed horizontal at a speed of 7.9 m/s, it will travel 4.8 meters (horizontally).
What exactly does it entail to speed?Teenagers, young adults, and others take various stimulant medications collectively referred to as "speed" to feel more focused and alert, as well as occasionally to get high. Additionally, some people take various forms or speed to suppress their appetite.
How fast is relativistic motion?Relativistic speed is the rate at which relativity effects matter for the desired level of measurement precision of the phenomenon being examined. Relativistic effects are the differences between values calculated using models that take relativity into account and those that do not.
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How many electrons are located in the outermost orbit in the bohr model of a boron atom?.
Electrons that are located in the outermost orbit in the Bohr model of a boron atom will be 3.
A nucleus with six neutrons and five protons makes up the Bohr model of boron. The K-shell and L-shell electron shells around the nucleus The valence electrons, which make up three of the electrons in the outermost shell of the Bohr diagram, are also present. The orbits of the electrons around the small nucleus are described by the Bohr model of boron.
It utilizes a number of different electron shells, including K, L, M, and N. The number of electrons that each shell can hold varies, with the shell closest to the nucleus having the least energy. The energy levels increase as the shell recedes more. According to the Bohr model, the electrons in an atom may be seen to orbit the nucleus in a variety of orbits with differing energies.
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if the height of the mercury column in the leveling bulb is 10 mm greater than that in the gas buret and atmospheric pressure is 670 mm, what is the pressure on the gas trapped in the buret? (hint: raising the leveling bulb, increases the p on the gas)
The pressure on the gas trapped in the buret is 680 mm.
The air around you has weight, and it presses against everything it touches. That strain is referred to as atmospheric pressure or air pressure. it's miles the force exerted on a surface by way of the air above it as gravity pulls it to Earth. Atmospheric strain is normally measured with a barometer.
Atmospheric pressure strain is the pressure exerted via the air around us while Atmospheric stress is the stress exerted by means of the environment on the earth. Air pressure is measured with the aid of a tore gauge while atmospheric stress is measured with the use of a mercury barometer.
Given;
If the height of the mercury Column in the leveling bulb is 10 mm greater than the gas buret and the atmos[pheric pressure is 670 mm.
The pressure on the gas trapped in the buffet = 670 + 10
= 680 mm
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what is the damping ratio of a series rlc circuit with a resistance of 100 ohms, an inductance of 0.1 mh and 100 pf?
Because using maximum current, it resonant current, and the supply voltage is 100 V (Vs = RI = 1000 x 0.1). Equating the reactances of the inductive and capacitive components the resonant frequency, f° =159.155
What do current and an electron mean?Electron current is the name for the movement of electrons. Negative to positive electron flow occurs at the terminal. Conventional current, or just current, behaves as though positive charge carriers are what produce current flow. From the positive terminal towards the negative, conventional current flows.
What is current fundamental law?Ohm's law, or V=IR, is the most fundamental electrical law. The V indicates the potential difference between two chargesdifference of two charges is indicated by the V, which stands for voltage. Alternatively, it measuressaid, it is a measurement of the effort necessary to transfer a unit charge between two places.
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erry-go-round accelerates from rest to in 34 s. assuming the merry-go-round is a uniform disk of radius 7.0 m and mass 31,000 kg, calculate the net torque required to accelerate it.
1.514 x 10⁴ N-m is the torque required to accelerate it.
Torque is the force that acts on the body causing it to turn about an axis.
It's given by
τ = I α ------- equation 1
Here I = moment of inertia of the disk
α = angular acceleration of the disk
For disk, moment of inertia = ½ m r²
I = 1/2 x (31 x 10³ kg) x (7)²
= 1/2 x (1514 x 10³)
α = ω₂₋ω₁ / t
here ω = angular velocity of the rotating merry-go-round
Substituting the values
α = ( 0.68rad/s - 0rad/s ) / 34s => 0.02 rad/s²
Putting the values of I and α in equation 1
τ = 1/2 x (1514 x 10³) x 0.02
=> 1.514 x 10⁴ N-m
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Pls help answer thus
. suppose that the central diffraction envelope of a double-slit diffraction pattern contains 11 bright fringes and the first diffraction minima eliminate (are coincident with) bright fringes. how many bright fringes lie between the first and second minima of the diffraction envelope?
7 bright fringes lie between the first and second minima of the diffraction envelope.
Diffraction is defined because of the interference or bending of waves around the corners of an obstacle or via an aperture into the vicinity of the geometrical shadow of the impediment/aperture. The diffracting object or aperture correctly becomes a secondary source of the propagating wave.
Refraction is the alternate in direction of waves that takes place whilst waves journey from one medium to another. Refraction is always accompanied by means of a wavelength and speed alternate. Diffraction is the bending of waves around barriers and openings. the amount of diffraction increases with increasing wavelength.
Calculation:-
Here d = 15 a/2(since there are 15 bright fringes ).
Then for the first minimum which occurs at an angle1
then a sin? 1 =? (m=1)
For the second minimum which occurs at an angle= of 2
then a sin?2 = 2? (m=2)
then we calculate the values of m for which
1 < ?< ?2 for sin?1 < sin?< sin?2 ? < 2m?/15 <2?
that is 1<2m/15 <2
Hence, there are 7 bright fringes.
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neptune's moon triton shows: neptune's moon triton shows: extensive cratering, consistent with a young surface. little cratering, telling nothing about the age of its surface. little cratering, consistent with a young surface. extensive cratering, consistent with an old surface. little cratering, consistent with an old surface.
e) little cratering, consistent with a young surface.
What are the features of NeptuneNeptune is a dark, cold, and windy planet.It is the final planet in our solar system. It is more than 30 times farther away from the sun than Earth. Neptune and Uranus are very similar. It is composed of a dense fog of water, ammonia, and methane that surrounds an Earth-sized solid center. It has a hydrogen, helium, and methane atmosphere. Neptune has the same blue color as Uranus due to methane. Neptune has six rings, but they are difficult to see.Neptune has fourteen moons.Neptune is the eighth and farthest-from-the-Sun planet. That means Uranus is Neptune's only planet neighbor.On Neptune, a day lasts 16 hours.Neptune's orbit around the Sun is so long that it takes 165 Earth years to complete one orbit.
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If the X-component of the momentum is 460000 Kg.m/s and the Y-component is
230000 Kg.m/s. Find the magnitude of the momentum [r].
The the magnitude of the momentum is 514295 Kg·m/s.
What is momentum?Momentum is the product of a particle's mass and velocity. Being a vector quantity, momentum possesses both magnitude and direction.
Given parameters:
X-component of the momentum : Pₓ = 460000 Kg.m/s
Y-component of the momentum : [tex]P_Y[/tex]= 460000 Kg.m/s
We have to find; the magnitude of the momentum : P = ?
We know that momentum is vector quantity and the magnitude of the momentum : P = √( Pₓ² + [tex]P_Y[/tex]²)
= √(460000² + 230000²) Kg.m/s .
= 514295 Kg·m/s .
Hence, the the magnitude of the momentum is 514295 Kg·m/s.
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how many times more gravitational potential energy would the same lander have on top of a 350-m hill on earth?
The same lander's gravitational potential energy on top of a 350-meter hill on Earth would be 6.
What is gravitational potential energy?The law of gravity gives rise to the generic term for gravitational potential energy, which is equal to the effort made to defy gravity in order to move a mass to a specific location in space. It makes logical to choose the gravitational potential energy zero at an infinite distance away because, due to the inverse square nature of the gravity force, the force approaches zero for huge distances. Since gravity performs positive work as a mass approaches a planet, the gravitational potential energy is then negative.When a mass approaches a huge body, it enters a "bound state," where it is trapped until an external source of energy enables it to break free. The gravitational potential energy of mass m has the following general form: [tex]U= \frac{-GMm}{r}[/tex]Where r is the distance between their centers, M is the mass of the attracting body, and G is the gravitational constant.This is the gravitational potential energy representation that can be used to determine an object's escape velocity from the pull of the earth's gravity.To learn more about gravitational potential energy, refer to
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Define momentum pls NOW
What did galileo galilei and isaac newton believe about theories of the natural world?.
Galileo Galilei and Isaac Newton disputed the Aristotelian view that the sun should be at the center of the cosmos and believed that the earth was the center of the universe which is about theories of the natural world.
Unlike the Aristotelians, who believed in observation to look for natural circumstances, their view of nature was founded on experimental results. The basic means of communication with the world in the Aristotelian scientific tradition was observation and the pursuit of "natural" conditions. Galileo investigated earthly motion laws and established the principles of gravity.
First, Newton firmly established the laws of motion and connected them to Kepler's equations of planetary motion. Until Newton, there was no clear link between celestial body motion and earthly physics.
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A hair dryer uses the energy from the plug in order to power a small fan that blows air. When a hair dryer is being used, which is one of the energy transformations that takes place?.
Energy transformation takes place when using a hair dryer, electrical energy into kinetic energy and thermal energy.
Energy can be converted according to the law of conservation of energy. Every object transforms the original form of energy into another form called a converter. Every electrical device works to convert electrical energy into other forms.
A microwave converts electrical energy into thermal energy.A lightbulb converts electric energy into light energy.A mixer converts electric energy into kinetic energy.When we use a hairdryer
The temperature of small wires inside it will be raised because the electrical energy transforms into thermal energy.The motion of a small fan happens because the electrical energy transforms into kinetic energy.The small fan gonna blows the air between hot wires and creates hot air that comes out from it.Learn more about Energy Convertion here: https://brainly.com/question/961052
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Explain how heating a gas can lead to: no change in the kinetic energy of the gas.
Heating of gas leads to change in kinetic energy of the gas.
As the temperature of the system increases, the molecules in it begin to move faster, and the speed of the particles is directly proportional to the kinetic energy.
Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by the gaseous particles while they are in motion.
Mathematically, KE = (1/2)mv^2,
where KE is kinetic energy, m is mass, and v is velocity.
When the temperature of a gas increases but the pressure remains the same, the volume of the gas increases, which means that the molecules must cover more space in the same amount of time by moving faster.
Kinetic energy increases as collisions between different molecules increase and the speed of motion increases. This behavior is demonstrated by Charles's law with the equation V/T = k. In this equation, V is the volume and T is the temperature, and the two are directly proportional. Similarly, temperature and pressure are also directly related, as in the Pressure law equation, P/T = k, where P is pressure and T is temperature.To know more about kinetic energy,
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An astronomical telescope is used to view distant stars. How does the angle between the just-resolvable light from two stars differ if the average light from the stars is red or if it is blue?.
The angle of just resolution light from two stars is greater if the light of the average star is red or if it is blue.
The formula to find the aperture of the telescope
D = 1.22λ/dФ
Limits of resolution:
The limit of resolution is a measure of the ability of the objective lens to separate in the image adjacent details that are present in the object.
There is diffract in the light when it passed through space and gets bent around obstacles. Diffraction grants disperse light according to wavelength, for example, it can be used to produce spectra.
Therefore an astronomical telescope is used to view distant stars. The angle is greater if the light of the average stars is red or if it is blue.
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a 5.0 g bullet moving 325 m/s is shot into a 1.25 kg block, which slides for 1.35 seconds across the surface it is on before coming to rest. what is the average force of kinetic friction between the block and the surface?
The average force of kinetic friction between the block and the surface is 0.00601N
v=u +at
v=at
t=v/a -----------1
d=at²/2 ------------2
Putting the value of t in eq 2
d=v²/(2a)
a=v²/(2d) -----------3
Putting the value of a in equation F=ma
F=ma ⇒ m [v²/(2d)]
In the question , m= 5g = 0.005kg , ∨=325m/s
Meanwhile distance=speed x time
distance=[ 325 x 135 ]
distance , d = 43875 m
F= m [v²/(2d)]
=0.005 {(325)²/(2x43875)}
=528.125/87750
=0.00601851852 N
≅0.00601N is the approximate force of kinetic friction between the block and surface.
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a baseball player hits a foul ball straight up into the air. it leaves the bat with a speed of 50 mph. in the absence of air resistance, how fast will the ball be traveling when the catcher catches it?
120 KM/H is the ball's speed when this is caught at same height, therefore the speed is the same but the direction is different.
what is the importance of speed?Your muscles are powerless, frightful, and helpless without speed. Just for display and to assist friends who are moving large pieces of furniture. The good news is also that speed may be acquired through the appropriate fitness training.
What are time, speed, and motion?The distance an object covers in a predetermined period of time is referred to as its speed. Things are either thought to be moving swiftly or slowly depending on their pace of motion. Speed equals Distance x Time. Time and distance in the SI are measured in seconds (s) and meters, respectively (m). The metre every second (m/s) is the unit of speed in the metric system.
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given a round object (sphere, disk, hoop for example), doubling only the radius of the object changes its moment inertia by a factor of:
Using the concepts of moment of inertia, we got that moment of inertia increases by 4 times for all round object (sphere, disk, hoop for example) on doubling only the radius.
We know very well that, moment of inertia of the following object are
Moment of inertia of sphere=(2/5)mr²,Moment of inertia of disk =(1/2)mr²Moment of inertia of hoop =mr²where m is the mass of the object and r is the radius of the object.
We see that moment of inertia is directly proportional to the radius of the object.
It means when we double the radius, then moment of inertia increases by 4 times of its previous value.
Hence, a round object (sphere, disk, hoop for example), doubling only the radius of the object changes its moment inertia by a factor of 4 times.
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ultraviolet radiation falls in the wavelength region of 1.00 * 10^-8 to 1.00*10^-7 meters. what is the wavelength of ultraviolet radiation that has an energy of 1.99*10^-20 kj/photon? wavelength
The wavelength of ultraviolet radiation that has an energy of 1.99*10^-20 kj/photon is 3.00 x 1016 sec-1.
How to find the wavelength of ultraviolet radiation?Frequency = speed of light divided by wavelength
wavelength times the speed of light to calculate frequency.
F = c/ = (1.00 x 10^-8 m) / (3.00 x 108 m/s) = 3.00 x 1016 sec-1
When calculating light energy, we require the following two equations:
E = hv, where h = Planck's constant (see below), v = frequency in Hz, and E = energy of a photon of light.
c =, where = wavelength in m, = frequency in Hz, and c = speed of light (3x108 m/sec).
When these two equations are rearranged, we obtain
We will apply the equation E = hc/ to resolve the current issue.
h = 6.626 x 10 – 34 Jsec
c = 3 x 10 ^8 m/s
λ = 1.00 * 10^^7 m
E = (1.00x10-8 m)/(6.626x10-34 Jsec)(3x108 m/sec)
E = 1.99x10-20 kJ/photon x 1 kJ/103 J, or 1.99x10-20 J/photon per photon.
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