Chemistry High School

Please help!!

(this is Rutherford's Black box experiment and atoms)

- please answer all the questions in full sentences :D

- do not answer "i'm not sure" on here.


1) Suppose the marble usually rolled right to the end of the box without bouncing off anything, what would this tell you about the size of the targets?



2) What conclusions did Rutherford draw from his data and how did the data change the model of the atom?



3) Niels Bohr was a student of Rutherford, Bohr's work went on to modify the atomic model even more. What changes did Bohr make to advance our understanding of the atom?

Answers

Answer 1

1) Suppose the marble usually rolled right to the end of the box without bouncing off anything, what would this tell you about the size of the targets?

That the target is very small, they do not take up much space in the box. The target represents the gold nuclei in the Rutherford experiment, and thus is relatively small.

2.) What conclusions did Rutherford draw from his data and how did the data change the model of the atom?

A large majority of the alpha particles went through the gold foil, but some got deflected back. At the time, it was presumed that an atom was a sphere with the same charge all around. If some but not all the particles were being reflected back, this meant that the positive charge in the atom must be very concentrated- ie. in the center known as a nucleus. This changed the atomic model from the plum pudding model (negative electrons among large positive sphere) to the nuclear model (Mass of atom is in the nucleus with electrons orbiting around). (As in image below)

3) Niels Bohr was a student of Rutherford, Bohr's work went on to modify the atomic model even more. What changes did Bohr make to advance our understanding of the atom?

Instead of random orbits that Rutherford predicted, Bohr proposed specific atomic orbitals. He explained that there are orbital levels around the nucleus and that this is where electrons are. He said that electrons can move up energy levels by adding energy, and move down by releasing energy. These orbitals are what is shown in the Bohr Model.

Hope this helps!

Please Help!!(this Is Rutherford's Black Box Experiment And Atoms)- Please Answer All The Questions In
Please Help!!(this Is Rutherford's Black Box Experiment And Atoms)- Please Answer All The Questions In

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